FR2873284A1 - Screw-free device for fixing the column onto the implant in dental prosthesis production, comprising male fixing pieces on column and corresponding cavities on internal face of collar - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for fixing and locking the column (1) on an implant (3), for production of a dental prosthesis, comprises male fixing piece(s) (5), projecting from the surface of the column-column collar connection and housable in female part(s) (cavities) on the internal face of the collar (2) to lock the column in place. The prosthesis is then mountable on the implant; and the fixing pieces (5) may subsequently by retracted inside the column to allow its removal.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of dental implants, and more

  particularly the fixation of the abutment and its locking in the implant itself. The abutment serves as a junction between the implant and the dental prosthesis.

  Usually the attachment and locking of the abutment to the implant is done through a screw and a generally hexagonal connection, but the weak point of this assembly is the screw which has several disadvantages: the risk of unscrewing or the fracture of the screw may jeopardize the prosthetic construction, the internal thread of the implant serving to accommodate the screw weakens the implant, the difficulty of insertion of the screw by the practitioner.

  the ingestion by the patient or the loss of the screw the wear of the screw head, the screwing in force causing a wrong adjustment of the pillar, hence the need for a control radio The proposed invention regulates all these problems because it removes the use of the screw. In this invention, the fixation of the abutment in the implant and more specifically in the collar of the implant, is done, É according to a first characteristic: Via two or more male parts that retract and protrude from the surface of the pillar on a horizontal plane. These pieces, located in the abutment-abutment connection area of the abutment, retract upon insertion and protrude when the abutment is fully inserted into the collar. They are housed in two or more cavities provided for this purpose on the inner face of the collar, thus blocking the pillar. The horizontal movement of the parts is made by rotating on its axis, using a key, a vertical cylindrical rod placed in the center of the pillar. This rod has at its lower end a toothed wheel which hooks notched horizontal rods integral with the male parts. The head of the key, any geometric shape, placed at the upper end of the vertical rod at the upper plate of the pillar, allows to actuate the rotation.

  An edge protruding along the connection zone of the pillar-abutment collar, will guide the insertion of the latter by sliding in a slide on the inner face of the collar. The male parts will be perfectly positioned next to the female parts to the complete insertion of the pillar.

  The various elements mentioned above can be of any size, any shape and any surface condition, without any limitation.

  According to particular embodiments: Behind each male piece is a spring which will bring or maintain the protruding male parts.

  The toothed rods and the toothed wheel can be replaced by a cable secured to the male parts and which wraps around the vertical rod during rotation.

  The rotation of the vertical rod is actuated by a key whose geometric shape allows only one positioning and only one in its housing, at the upper end of the vertical rod (nonlimiting example: a right triangle) Perpendicularly to the axis of the key is arranged a lug which limits the depression thereof.

  A vertical slide located inside the pillar in its upper part allows another level of depression of the key.

  A slide perpendicular to the previous, located at the maximum level of depression, allows the locking of the key with which one can easily remove the pillar.

  The toothed wheel located at the lower end must have a diameter allowing the retraction of the male parts in less than one turn (in the case of the use of the key with pin).

  The vertical rod may have in its upper part and inside the pillar a second gear wheel whose rotation in the direction of retraction is blocked by a pawl.

  The pawl can be placed on a vertical action spring so that a simple pressure lowers the pawl and releases the gear and thus the male parts, pushed by the springs placed behind them, will protrude and block the pillar.

  - A turntable, placed on the upper plane of the pillar and secured to the vertical rod, can provide the rotation required for retraction without the help of a key. The edges of the tray can be crenelated to facilitate rotation and grip. The tray is protected entirely or only on its edge by a plastic cover or any other material when sealing the prosthesis. The location of the male and female parts can be reversed and be located indifferently on the collar or the pillar.

  The bottom of the collar may be flat or have any geometrically shaped relief on which the base of the abutment will fit. The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention: FIG. 1 represents a vertical section of the various elements called implant, collar and pillar.

  Figure 2 shows a vertical section axis 9 hours -3 hours of the general device of the invention according to one embodiment.

  Figure 3 shows a vertical section of the same device with a variant.

  Figure 4 represents a vertical section axis 6 hours-12 hours showing the slides, here two in number, placed symmetrically.

  Figure 5 shows a horizontal section showing the ratchet and the upper gear.

  Figure 6 shows a horizontal section showing the displacement of the male parts.

  Figure 7 shows the key with the lugs and the triangular head.

  Figure 8 shows the top plate of the pillar with the key housing and the vertical and horizontal rails.

  With reference to these drawings, the device comprises, according to a first embodiment, two male pieces in the form of balls (5) extended by two horizontal notched rods (6) housed inside the pillar (1).

  A vertical cylindrical rod (8) located at the center of the pillar (1) which thanks to its lower end gear (7) hooks the notches of the horizontal rods (6) during a counterclockwise rotation and thus causes the retraction of balls (5) which no longer project from the pillar (1) .the latter can then be inserted.

  É In insertion procedure: The insertion of the pillar (1) in the collar (2) is guided by a vertical slide (14) in which slides a ridge (13) which protrudes along the pillar-collar junction of the pillar (17) (These edges are placed at 12 o'clock or (and) at 6 o'clock if the balls are placed at 3 o'clock or (and) at 9 o'clock (see figure 4).

  When the pillar (1) is fully depressed, the balls (5) retracted are perfectly in front of their housing (4) located on the inner face of the collar (2). A clockwise rotation of the vertical rod (8) allows the balls (5) to protrude and become lodged in the female parts (4). The pillar (1) is then blocked.

  The rotation of the vertical rod (8) is carried out using a wrench (16) or a screwdriver which is inserted into a suitable housing (15) located at the upper end of said rod. The head of the key (16) has a geometric shape that allows only one positioning and one in its housing (15) [non-limiting example a right triangle (18)].

  According to a variant of this embodiment, each male part (5) is pushed in protrusion by a spring (12) without the use of the key (16).

  According to another embodiment, the vertical rod (8) has two toothed wheels, the lower one (7) serves as previously to retract the horizontal rods (6), and consequently the balls (5), the other upper ( 9) maintains the retraction by means of a pawl (10) .A vertical action spring (11) makes it possible to lower the pawl (10) and thus release the upper toothed wheel (9).

  the retraction is no longer maintained, the balls protrude (5) pushed by the springs (12) and will be housed in their cavity (4) thus blocking the pillar (1). É In the procedure of deinsertion At a first limit of depression of the head of the key (16) is a lug (19) perpendicular to the axis of the key (16).

  The rotation must, in less than one turn, allow the total retraction of the balls (5). For this, the circumference of the lower gearwheel (7) must be calculated so that the retraction takes place in less than one revolution. Thus, once the key (16) inserted at the limit of the first depression, the lug (19) is in contact with the upper plane of the pillar (22). The rotation is engaged. When the retraction of the balls (5) is complete, the lug (19) is above a vertical slide (21) in which it will slide and make a last depression that will put it next to another slide horizontal (20) in which it will be housed and lock the key (16). The disinsertion of the pillar (1), using the key (16), will be easier.

Claims (16)

  1) Fixation device of the abutment (1) on the implant (3) in the context of the realization of an implant prosthesis characterized in that it comprises one or more male pieces (5) for fixing which project from the abutment-abutment connecting surface of the abutment (17) for lodging in one or more cavities (female parts) (4) located on the inner face of the collar (2), thereby blocking the abutment (1) .The dental prosthesis can then to be placed on the latter. These male parts (5) are retractable inside the pillar (1), releasing it, which can be removed.   2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that in the center of the pillar (1), is disposed a vertical cylindrical rod (8) provided at its lower end with a toothed wheel (7) which, during the rotation of this rod on its axis, hooks horizontal notched rods (6) integral with the male parts (5), causing their projection or retraction. The entire device is housed inside the pillar (1).   3) Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that behind each male piece (5) is a spring (12) which keeps it protruding.   4) Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises one or more vertical slides (14), located on the inner face of the collar (2), wherein or in which slides (ent) one or more edges (13) located along the abutment-pillar connection surface of the abutment (17), and which guide the insertion of the abutment for precisely positioning the male parts (5) facing the female parts (4) .   5) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the male parts (5) are retracted with a cable which wraps around the vertical cylindrical rod (8).   6) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a housing (15) for a key (16) hollowed at the upper end of the vertical rod (8) flush with the upper plate (22) of the pillar (1).   7) Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the latter housing (15) has a geometric shape allowing only one and only one positioning of the key (16).   8) Device according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the key 5 (16) is provided with a lug (19) perpendicular to its axis, allowing the limitation of the depression thereof.   9) Device according to claims 6, 7 and 8 taken together, characterized in that it comprises a vertical slide (21) on the upper plate (22) of the pillar (1) which allows the pin (19) to slide and at the key (16) to reach its maximum depression.   10) Device according to claims 6, 7, 8 and 9 taken together characterized in that it comprises a horizontal slide (20) of short length which limits the rotation and blocks the pin (19), allowing, using of the key (16), the easy removal of the abutment.   11) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the lower gear (7) of the vertical rod (8) allows, in less than one turn, the total retraction of the male parts ( 5) and the positioning of the lug (19) facing the vertical slide (21) located on the upper plate (22) of the pillar (1).   12) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical cylindrical rod (8) has a second gear (9) housed inside the pillar (1) and close to its upper end in relation with a pawl (10) which makes it possible to block the rotation in only one direction, that of the retraction, which retraction once made and blocked makes it possible to easily remove the pillar (1) by hand.   13) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a vertical spring (11) placed under the pawl (10) which allows, after insertion of the pillar (1), by simple pressure, to lower the ratchet (10) and release the upper gear (9) projecting the male parts (5) thereby blocking the pillar (1).   14) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a turntable, integral with the vertical rod and placed on the upper plane of the pillar which allows rotation, without the help of the key.   The edge of the tray is crenellated to facilitate rotation and grip.   15) Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the plate is protected by a plastic cover or other material during the sealing of the prosthesis.   16) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom of the collar (2) is flat or geometrically shaped relief on which the pillar (1) fits.