FR2849846A1 - Treatment of effluent waste flows, from wine production, uses a closed circuit with filtration and electrolysis to separate suspended matter for removal and recover water for washing use - Google Patents

Abstract

To treat waste effluent from wine production sites, electrolysis and filtration are used to separate water and suspended matter, with water recovery in a closed circuit for non-consumption use. The waste passes through a screen (A), where large particles are separated, into a vat. A pump (26) moves the partially-screened flow (A') through a fine filter (18) to calibrate the fine suspended particles into a cleaned flow (B) and an outflow of retained waste (B'). The cleaned flow is transferred to an electrolysis tank (8). The electrical current control (29) maintains the required supply for electrolysis to flock the suspended matter, and the water does not reach boiling point. The water (C) with the flocked suspension passes again through the filter, to separate the flocking and the water (D) is transferred to a vat for use in washing.

Description

The present invention relates to a method of treating effluents

wineries and wineries by

  filtration and electrolysis to separate water and suspended solids, to recover and reuse this cleaned water in closed circuit.

  The treatment currently used to treat water containing wine effluents is based on the principle of bacteriological, biological and oxygenation development of activated sludge. This process is implemented in various pools of activation and decantation of these sludges and the discharge of water into the environment or public networks according to 3 criteria: a) Suspended matter (NET 90-105) <600 mg / l 10 b) BOD (5) (NFT 90-101) <800 mg / l c) COD (NFT 90-103) <2000 mg / i The cost of various structures and materials, the time taken by these materials to being degraded, the costs of the analyzes to measure the contents of the discharges, the heaviness of keeping the spreading book, make this method binding. Two electrolytic depolluting agents are known (patent applications No. WO 0117911 A1 and EP 0109349 A1, but relate to other applications such as manure, sewage, oil and slurry.

  The device according to the invention serves to overcome the drawbacks of current methods, and provides a method for the complete elimination of wine and wine-growing effluents.

  Our process is partly integrated inside and partly outside (against) the vat. From the screening basket o is the first sorting of materials brought by effluent-laden water. This stream (A) freed of the coarsest materials (A ') (stalks, skins, seeds, etc.) is collected in the receiving tank. The pump passes this charged water through a finer filter to calibrate suspended solids. This will be used to reject other materials, to reduce the activity of the electrolyser, and especially to define a standard electrolyser. After this filter the effluents are sent by the pump into the electrolyser. The device is closed. The electrical cabinet rectifies the current distributed to the electrolyser and regulates this current to keep a constant intensity. The electrolyser remains in operation the time necessary to degrade and flocculate the suspended matter. There is no heating of the process water, which is harmful to the environment.

  The pump makes the flocculated water and effluent return to the fine filter to stop the flocculated material, then directs the clean water to a buffer tank so that the water can be reused for a new wash cycle. Our process allows to work in closed circuit, having no more toxic discharges or in BOD (5) passed in the environment, the notebooks of spreading no more reason to be held.

  The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention: FIG. 1 represents the five stages of the "go phase of the process" (of the water charged with effluents before the electrolysis) that are: the 1st filtration, the pumping, the 2nd filtration / the calibration, the filling of the electrolytic tank, the powering up of the electrolyser.

  Figure II represents the five stages of the "return phase of the process" (separation of water and flocculated effluents with which it is charged) that are: flocculation, pumping, the discharge of flocculated sludge through the 3rd filtration filling of the clean water buffer tank, cleaning of the filter Figure III shows the site seen from above The references used in the figures are: (A) Flow collects in the receiving tank (A ') Coarse materials retained in the screening basket. (- re filtration) (B) The flow of water and calibrated effluents.

  (B ') The fine vegetable matter retained in the filter (2nd filtration) (C) The flow of water and flocculated matter (C') The flocculated material retained in the filter (3rd filtration) 25 (D) Water clean after the filter pumped to the buffer tank (01) The level probe (blocks the pump to 50hl) (02) Continuous electric supply cable of the two electrodes (03) The copper squares (04) The plug and the valve bottom of the electrolytic tank (05) The bridge that carries the two electrodes.

  (06) Electrodes in the form of plates.

  (07) The lid of the electrolytic tank (08) The four ventilation grilles of the electrolytic tank (09) The three glands (the cable of the probe level, the supply of the 2 electrodes) (10) The handle the lid of the electrolytic tank.

  (11) The rim of the electrolytic tank allowing its lifting for transport.

  (12) Electrolytic cell (13) Electrolytic cell supply cable path (14) Hazard and CE Mark plates (15) Electrolytic cell cover padlock (16) The manometer of the electrolytic tank (14) pressure on the filter (17) The high filter inlet valve (18) The filter.

  (19) The low filter outlet valve (20) The pressure trap for removing air from circuit 15 (21) The manhole of the buffer tank (22) The buffer tank (23) The valve and the buffer tank drain (24) Pump electrical box (start / stop button and power converter) (25) Pump inlet fitting (in center of fin disc) 20 (26) Pump ( 27) The shutoff valve of the pump.

  (28) High pump outlet (29) Electrical cabinet with system for rectifying the current (30) Fence surrounding the space around the electrolytic tank 25 (31) The concrete slab that supports the electrolytic tank (32) The gate opening on the electrolytic tank (33) The air pump to return oxygen to the water (34) The receiving tank (flow A) (35) The screening basket (36) ) Pipes for connecting the devices (pump, filter, tanks) Concerning the forward phase of the process and with reference to Figures I, II, and III, the process comprises the following operations: the wine effluents flow to the receiving tank (34) At the inlet, these effluents undergo a first filtration through the screening basket (35) to remove the coarse elements (A ') (the stalks, the skins, the pips).

  A volume of about 50 hl of flow (A) is sucked by the pump (26) and passes through a filter (18).

  This filter (18) operates a calibration (2nd filtration) of the suspended matter to remove a portion which constitutes the flow (B '). The suspended solids constituting the flow (B ') are rejected and are added to the already discarded materials (A'). This filter (18) will reduce the work of the electrolyser (12), and also make the sludge of different users or different names uniform, which will lead us to work with a standard electrolyser.

  The calibrated stream (B) fills the electrolytic cell (12). The lid (07) of the electrolytic tank is provided with two padlocks (15) to enhance the security of the system.

  An electrical cabinet (29) rectifies the current to allow the electrolyser (12) to work continuously. It regulates the current to distribute a constant current of the same intensity through the electrodes (06). These electrodes were placed on an easel (05) so that they are horizontal and they are as low as possible in the tank.

  The first phase of the process is complete.

  As regards the return phase of the process and with reference to FIGS. 1, 11 and 11, the process comprises the following operations: the wine effluents are treated by electrolysis for a few hours in the electrolytic tank (12). The temperature of the electrodes or flocculated water in the electrolytic cell (12) does not rise significantly after the time required for flocculation. This elapsed time, we collect in the electrolyser tank (12) the degraded effluents and the flocculated suspended solids.

  The pump (26) will suck the flow (C) from the electrolytic tank (12) formed of water and flocculated materials, it will pass this flow (C) through the filter (18).

  This filter (18) will stop the flocculated materials. The flocculated materials constituting the flow (C ') are removed (third filtration).

  After this filter (18) the pump (26) sends the clean water into the buffer tank (22). There is no loss of water volume, since there is no evaporation of water. It is necessary to clean the filter (18) after each treatment, to avoid it clogging too quickly.

  The return phase of the process is complete.

  In the case where the user would prefer to reject the collected water, instead of reusing it in a closed circuit, we add an air pump (33) to raise the oxygen level in the water.

  This air pump (33) is placed next to the buffer tank (22) and blows air into the water at low pressure, and with a large flow.

  We have just detailed the various actions of the wine effluent treatment process.

  Regarding wine effluents, things can be done with the same processes "back and forth" as those stated above. For precautions due to the chemical elements contained in the viticultural effluents, we recommend to set up two distinct lines of treatment. The electrolytic tank (12) for the treatment of wine-growing effluents will be smaller in size than that for the treatment of wine-growing effluents, because the daily volumes are not as important for the wine-growing industry. This second line of treatment can be installed totally outside. The electrical cabinet (29) remains common to both installations 15 and therefore will always be installed in the vat. If by the will of a user, he wanted to implement the electrical cabinet (29) outside this will also be possible.

  Thus we see that it is a process for treating wine and wine-making effluents by filtration and electrolysis in order to separate the suspended solids from the water and to reuse this water in a closed circuit.

  To implement this device in the building of the user, we will make the following changes compared to what exists today: From the settling tank or the receiving tank (34) and under the screening basket (35) in which the large materials of the flow (A ') are stopped, outside the buildings where generally the wine-making effluents of the vat arrive, we dive a pipe (36) which goes with the help of the pump (26). ) A flow pump (26) will be used to pass the flows in the various tanks and the filter A filter (18) to eliminate at different stages the different sludges, elements or compounds of effluents wineries and vines, in their natural state or degraded by electrolysis.

  An electrical cabinet (29) will be used to rectify, regulate the electric current and use the direct current. This electrical cabinet (29) will stabilize the amperage. - 6

  An electrolytic tank (12) with a volume of about 50 hl, to have the volume sufficient to treat the average and daily effluent volume (during the high period of use from September 1 to November 30) of users with average production of wine or alcohol.

  A tank (22) will be used to keep available a sufficient quantity of clean water to wash equipment, tools, containers used for harvesting and wine aging.

  An air pump (33) will be used to lower the levels of COD or BOD (5).

  In summary, the present invention relates to a method for treating wine and wine-making effluents in a closed circuit, characterized in that it comprises: a) Effluent effluent filtration through the screening basket (35) to stop the coarse materials (skins, pips, ...) of the flow (A ') b) The pumping of the wash water from the flow (A) from the receiving tank (34) to the electrolytic tank (12) through the filter (18).

  c) The 2nd filtration to stop the flow sludge (B ') by the filter (18).

  d) The DC power supply rectified and maintained constant in intensity by the electrical cabinet (29).

  e) Filling the electrolytic cell (12) with the flow (B) f) Stopping the pump (26) with the level probe (01) if the volume in the electrolytic cell (12) exceeds the maximum level wish.

  g) Electrolysis and flocculation carried out in the electrolytic cell (12) h) Pumping the flow (C) from the electrolytic cell (12) to the tank (22) through the filter (18).

  i) The third filtration to stop the flow flocculated materials (C ') in the filter (18) j) The filling of the tank (22) with clean water flow (D).

  k) Aeration of clean water to raise the oxygen level in the water.

  1) Cleaning the filter (18) to remove sludge and flocculated material.

  The device for implementing this process for treating wine and wine-making effluents in a closed circuit, characterized in that it comprises: a) A screening basket (35) for stopping the coarsest materials; b) A pump (26) for passing the effluents from one tank to another and through a filter (18). - 7

  c) A filter (18) to eliminate at different stages the various sludges, elements or compounds of wine and wine-growing effluents, in the natural state or degraded by electrolysis.

  d) An electrical cabinet (29) for rectifying, regulating the electric current and using the DC current, and stabilizing the amperage.

  e) An electrolytic cell (12) having at least one pair of electrodes (06) in the form of plates.

  i) A tank (22) will be used to keep a sufficient quantity of clean water available. g) An air pump (33) to lower the levels of COD or BOD (5).

  h) Hoses (36) for connecting the receiving tank (34), the pump (26), the filter (18), the electrolytic tank (12) and the tank (22).

  In particular, the filter (18) calibrates the effluents that are sent with water into the electrolyser tank (12) to be flocculated in a standard manner, regardless of the origin of these wine and wine-growing effluents. The volume of the electrolytic cell (12) has been calculated so that the electric power distributed by the electrodes (06) can not raise the temperature sufficiently to bring the water to a boil while remaining within the time recommended for its use.

  The electrolytic cell (12) and the filter (18) are made of composite material or fiberglass. The bridge (05) of composite material carries the electrodes (06) as low as possible at the bottom of the electrolytic tank (12). The electrical cabinet (29) via the relay of a level probe (01) interrupts the supply of the pump (26) when the volume of the effluents in the electrolytic tank (12) exceeds the desired level. The pump (26) is powered by the electrical cabinet (29) and secured by the differential of this cabinet (29) in use. A fence (30) and a gate (32) closing with keys and surrounding the space around the electrolytic tank (12) provides total safety against an electrical hazard during operation of the operations of the electrolyser (12). Panels (14) warn of the electrical hazard and indicate the safety procedure contained in the user's manual. the electrical cabinet (29) is equipped with a dimmer which changes the polarity of the electric current supplying the electrodes (06) between different periods of treatment cycles, or a two-input tap, leaving the possibility of changing the way the male plug is inserted into the socket of the cabinet (29). The cables (02) are connected from the control cabinet (29) to the copper square (03) to supply the electrodes (06). The valve (04) 30 of the electrolytic tank is made of composite material to not communicate the electric current outside the electrolytic tank (12). The four ventilation grilles (08) are installed to prevent condensation and leave ventilation. The three cable glands (09) pass the electrode supply cables (06) and the level sensor cable (01). The edges (11) returned from the electrolytic tank (12) serve for the transport thereof. The lid (07) is provided with handles (10) to lift it, it is in two parts to be more manageable alone. The cable tray (13) protects the passage of the cables on the concrete slab (31) from the cabinet (29) to the space provided on the electrolytic tank (12). Panels (14) warn of the electrical hazard, remind safety procedures, and indicate the CE marking. A pressure gauge (16) indicates the pressure inside the filter (18), this helps guide the filtration by keeping the best pressure with the pump (24) of the pump. The high inlet valve (17) of the filter (18) and the low outlet valve (19) of the filter, such as the valve (23) of the vessel, and the inlet valve (27) and the outlet (28) of the pump must be open during operation. The valve (27) is mounted on the inlet fitting (25) of the pump. The pressure trap (20) is important for purging air trapped in the pipes (36). The manhole (21) at the top of the tank (22) provides aeration and a possibility of cleaning the tank (22).

  This process for treating wine and wine-making effluents will enable the properties and wine merchants to eliminate all the elements that generate pollution of the environment. Thus they will be able to comply with the decree of 15 March 1999 relating to the general requirements applicable to classified installations for the protection of the environment subject to declaration under heading 2251 (preparation, packaging of wine, the production capacity being greater than 500 hl / year but less than 20 000 hl / year.

NOR: ATEP9980125A P. VESSERON

Claims (10)

"CLAIMS" 1) Process for treating wine and wine-making effluents in a closed circuit, characterized in that it comprises: a) a filtration of the effluents through the screening basket (35) to stop the coarse materials (skins, pips, ...) of the flow (A ') b) Pumping the flow washing water (A) from the receiving tank (34) to the electrolytic tank (12) through the filter (18). c) The 2nd filtration to stop flow sludge (B ') by the filter (18). d) The DC power supply rectified and maintained constant in intensity by the electrical cabinet (29). e) Filling the electrolytic cell (12) with the flow (B) f) Stopping the pump (26) with the level probe (01) if the volume in the electrolytic cell (12) exceeds the maximum level wish. g) Electrolysis and flocculation carried out in the electrolytic cell (12) h) Pumping the flow (C) from the electrolytic cell (12) to the tank (22) through the filter (18). i) The third filtration to stop the flow flocculated materials (C ') in the filter (18) j) The filling of the tank (22) with clean water flow (D). k) Aeration of clean water to raise the oxygen level in the water.   1) Cleaning the filter (18) to remove sludge and flocculated material.   2) Apparatus for treating wine and wine-making effluents in a closed circuit characterized in that it comprises in particular: a) A screening basket (35) for stopping the coarser materials b) A pump (26) for passing the effluents from one tank to another and through a filter (18).   c) A filter (18) to eliminate at different stages the various sludges, elements or compounds of wine and wine-growing effluents, in the natural state or degraded by electrolysis. D) An electrical cabinet (29) for rectifying, regulating the electric current and using the DC current and stabilizing the amperage. -   e) An electrolytic cell (12) having at least one pair of electrodes (06) in the form of plates.   f) A tank (22) to keep a sufficient quantity of clean water available. g) An air pump (33) to lower the levels of COD or BOD (5).   S h) Hoses (36) for connecting the receiving tank (34), the pump (26), the filter (18), the electrolytic tank (12) and the tank (22).   3) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the filter (18) performs a calibration of the effluents that are sent with water in the tank of the electrolyzer (12) to be flocculated in a standard way, whatever the origin of these wine and wine-growing effluents.   4) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the volume of the electrolytic tank (12) 15 has been calculated so that the electrical power distributed by the electrodes (06) can not sufficiently raise the temperature to bring the water to a boil , while remaining in the time advised for its use 5) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the electrolytic tank (12) and filter (18) 20 are composite material or fiberglass.   6) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the bridge (05) of composite material carries the electrodes (06) as low as possible at the bottom of the electrolytic tank (12).   7) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that an electrical cabinet (29) via the relay of a level probe (01) cuts the supply of the pump (26) when the volume of the effluents in the electrolytic tank (12) exceeds the desired level.   8) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the pump (26) is supplied by the electrical cabinet (29) and secured by the differential of the cabinet (29) in use. - 11   9) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that a fence (30) and a gate (32) closing with keys and surrounding the space around the electrolytic tank (12) provides total security vis-à-vis an electrical hazard during operation of the electrolyser operations (12).   10) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the electrical cabinet (29) is equipped with a dimmer that changes the polarity of the electric current supplying the electrodes (06) between different periods of treatment cycles, or a setting with two inputs, leaving the possibility of changing the way in which the socket maie in the socket of the cabinet (29). 10