FR2762873A1 - Thermal engine utilising latent energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine comprises a hermetically sealed circuit (4, 5) containing dehydrated air and equipped with a compressor (1) and turbine (3). The compressor delivers air to the circuit through branching pipes and two injectors. One of the injectors (6) recuperates part of the compression heat as it feeds air continuously into the circuit, while atmospheric pressure is reconstituted by the other injector (7) which drives the air through a heat exchanger (8). Another part of the energy is recovered by exchangers (19) on the pipe loop. The air inside the circuit is kept dry with the aid of dehydration cartridges (23) in a branch pipe lying in parallel with the circuit, and the engine's operating cycle is started by the injection of compressed air through two tangential and opposite inlets to start the compressor.

Description

-1- The present invention relates to a heat engine whose equivalent

  fuel is none other than so-called degraded energies deemed to be lost well, only used according to available temperatures, applied in a favorable and gradual manner at different levels

of the complex circuit carried out.

  This motor is in the form of an airtight circuit containing air dehydrated by a means such as sodium hydroxide or any similar anhydrous substances in order to avoid any form of icing which would be harmful. At the level of the expansion turbine . Within the circuit, notably from the turbine, this engine is characterized by four zones where the pressures and temperatures change in selective stages according to the energies at

  make money even if they are soft although translated on suitable exchangers.

  The compressor (1) exerts a driving pressure within the circuit. He samples. 2/9 of the mass of air carried by the turbine and, its flow borrows two distinct branches with each 1/9 so that each concerned section Y of the circuit finds its

Conditions.

  The value of 6, b4 is intended to be practical in itself or 6b, 4 produced by the compressor (1) in (12) and (13) À ', 6 upstream of the nozzle (2) - Trigger 91.47 cp .-to 20.0ib, 4 downstream of the turbine (3) with work on the shaft the .0 at the level of the regenerated mixture at 760rnm Hg + O 'With reference to the attached drawing, note the steps in which characterizes the recovery of the compression heat integrated into the various inputs the injector (6) induces the air in (5)

îour condition it at stage (4).

  The injector (7) recreates at + 0 O the mixture the so-called atmospheric pressure in (1) and (5).

  The exchanger (8) recovers in parity, the warm Air - Water sources. The heat exchanger (9) can agree on solar gain in the range and depending on the stock available on the refractory

  charged day or night, the exchanger (10) benefits from latent heat or even fimes.

  The transfer loop (14) prints a dtode (13) to (5); the Power available on

  the shaft is reduced by the specific need of the compressor (1) in steady state, via transmission.

  The pressure gauges (16) (17) (18) display the pressures at the various stages of the circuit.

Magnetic drive (15).

  The Exchanger (1 9) allows to export criogenie .; the exchanger (20) either, chilled water or air conditioning. The nozzles (21) and (22) connect the desiccant cartridge

  (23) with quarter turn safety during operations.

  3.5 The arm or motorized pump ensures the transfer of the air to be dehydrated (24) with -lygromnetic control (25). Thus constituted, the internal combustion engine can respond to ranges of powers which, per kilowatt can be suitable for several megawatts. Speed

  of air flow being linked to compatible sections and pressure drops.

  In case of significant needs, there may be latent heat withdrawal at the

  seio of condensers. Similarly, that there may be a more radical and cyclical solution of which.

  shows figure 2 .: To satisfy a strong contribution at the level of the exchanger (10) or even 110 with in this bonus in terms of efficiency, the Turbine (3) produces in this more for the same consumption

  of the compressor (1) with, however, less cryogenic production at the exchanger (19).

  Such can be a self-producing cycle Fg. 2. The boiler (26) evacuates its fumes to the reducer (27). Upstream of (10) there is a temperature capable of condensing the water, while at the boiler level, a portion of recycling avoids the dew point. Therefore: Before the Oven (28) there is separation of H20 and N2 T so that the counter-exchange -2 - takes place between CaO and C03Ca (29). The contribution of the resistance (30) realizes the addition in (28) at the exit of the Oven, the CO2 is induced by the vapor of carbon at (31) Synthétiscur at high temperature In (3 1) the aluminum vaporized separates the components by cracking The heat exchangers (32) (35) (37) provide a plus for (10). The resistance (33) ensures the melting of the alumina which allows the moles 02 to be evacuated and the heat to be removed before

compression (36).

  Thus, the separator (34) ensures the pulse recycling of the Al2 moles within (31). The cycles operate separately and in a complementary manner they provide the support to the ranges involved by the contributions (8) (14) (9) (12) from or from 60 or even less in the case, 110

can.

  The engine accepts in fact, the soft energies and can tend well beyond which, presents a wide range suitable to satisfy number of specific needs of the industry in the widest branched sense without neglecting agriculture, EDF, the cremation, Xi, car refinery. The motor is located on demand as a function of the pressure and temperature required in all areas of application, even, by module, in terms of power values standardized or adapted as appropriate. Note that there is no need to produce steam

  (26) not associating the heat engine with these contributions would be an error.

  Whatever natures they may be, the integration of FIG. 2 to the defined contributions, falls within the scope of the Invention patent outrc that it mocks to define the mode ie launching of the cycle and punctuating the economic interest which results from the device without which, certain forms of

trials would be in vain.

  The engine can be started with a reserve of compressed air operating on a cyclone with two opposite tangential inputs to actuate a centrifugal turbine whose axis engaged, then drives the compressor (I) at the speed that suits the needs

of balance proper to the cycle.

  Let us specify certain forms of percentages whose cycle refers Part (4) = 9, upstream for 8 in (5) and I o apply the branches (12) and (13) to the pressures defined at the end of what follows and different stages of equilibrium [(1 x 6.4) + (8x])] / 9 = b, 6 ndicated on page I then at pressure equilibrium [(9x0.4) + (lx 6.4)] / 10 = I (760 Hg) & O, 4 in (3) The heat sources in Fig. I refer to + 0 in (1 1) and to 10 C after (20) for a dt. 6 87 in (8) contribution of 12 97 by (14) and 15 19 in (12). Still to be provided in (10) 16 84 to agree on 60 (optional). Fig. 2 ensures the 16 84 We memorize there, the successive functions which request for the fumes, the lime operation and that of the aluminothermy. CO2 & 2H20 being cyclic in the CH4 framework by cracking of the components and precious recoveries of oxygen and nitrogen

Bonus heat.

  It is certainly necessary in industrial application to agree to refractory class 1 70+ for satie.-

  make 1800 C / AL. The water iss of CD3'a certainly requires, a treatment CD2 wants to be available when it at 1 (00 C. Notns that after the action of (29) - (30) and (33) denies withdraw The incidence of (32) (35) and (37) more than makes up for the cost of compressing marketable oxygen, which underlines the advantage of having addressed common areas.

  4, s which govern at the same time ENERGY - WATER - ECONOMY - EMPLOYMENT -

  ECOLOGY with projection on the Future In terms of applications, they are significant The heat engine in the context of a Vessel can obviously achieve 13 32 at (8) which grants 400 of acquired in -3 - (4) remains to be provided for 60 final - or CAS - 50 hence: 105 63 x 0.24 x xT / 0.6 x 860.103

= 1MW and 56T - air.

  It costs only 20% evidence, free from 10 o in (10) in the context of Fig. 2- It remains to offload a dt of 53, 4 in the wake in (19) All to be located in the context of the Power to be implemented both in place of bunkers, the volume is available for equipment. The advantage lies in Zero Pollution - Currencies saved & Work profitable. At "Ilan Agricole, the water withdrawal from the air is precious (19) it is enough to plan and store while exporting the MW to EDF with the bonus, profitability of wastewater to

distill.

  It only costs profitable maintenance, if you have neglected latent heat. From then on, the internal combustion engine is involved in everything including the treatment of household waste for combustible purposes, with a large bonus. In the spirit of FIG. 2, the boiler (26) can be replaced by an incinerator with in this case an imperative densimetric selection in a chain as much as in place of C02 at the outlet of the oven (28). There may be multiple components in particular: sulfur dioxide d = -2, 86 - chlorine d = 2.4 to 0/760 mm Hg or 1 st low selection for the upper part, have the Nitrogen d = 1,251 and the carbonic anydhride d = 1,964. The device involves electronic regulation to agree on volumetric variations. The purpose is to carry out the synthesis of CH4 from C02 and 2H20 with and always the residual heat for the benefit of the exchanger (10). For other products: SO2. cl.N2 and air, they are to be taken with the concern related to the anti-pollution aspect and to rentahbilier. In terms of wastewater to be reprocessed in the context of the required economy. The figure

  3 emphasizes that the operation tends to satisfy the Exchanger (10). The more we distill, the production of megawatts increases by as much or mixed to be agreed with current treatments.

  In this case, the circuit to be considered successively involves: Decanting Filtering (38) before Box (39) o draws the Pump which ensures the supply of the Boiler (40) assisted by the resistance (41) Hunting provided in (42). The distilled water produced borrows the Condenser (43). The Exchanger (44) operates as an economizer. Then comes the refrigerant circuit (45) which can solicit nearby, -an EDF latent heat supply All for the benefit of the exchanger (10) of the engine eager for all forms of contributions to be profitable. Jobs require. CO2 liquefaction cannot be excluded from where, in Figure 3 a variant uses

  materials referenced in Fig. 2 with the effect of limiting pollution and having additional heat from the Lime Cycle.

- 4 -

Claims (1)

Claim 1   Heat engine using wasted energy characterized by a sealed circuit containing dehydrated air, comprising a compressor (1) supplying a nozzle (2) and a turbine (3); the two separate branches (12) and (13) from the compressor inject air into the circuit loop (4) and (5) at the level of injectors (6) and (7).   Claim 2 Heat engine using lost energies according to claim 1 characterized in that recovery of a   part of the heat of compression is obtained by means of N4o the injector (6) which drives the air contained in the duct (5) to condition it in the duct (4).   Claim 3 Thermal engine using lost energies according to claim 1 characterized in that the atmospheric pressure is restored at level (11) by means of the injector (7) which.4 'drives the air by entrainment towards the heat exchanger temperature (8). Claim 4 Heat engine using lost energies according to claim 1 characterized in that part of the energy is   recovered by means of exchangers (19) placed on the circuit loop.   Claim 5 A heat engine using wasted energy according to claim 1 characterized in that the air is kept dry by means of desiccant cartridges (23) placed in parallel on   the loop and connected to it at level (22) and (21).   Claim 6 Thermal engine using lost energies according to claim 1 characterized in that the initiation of the cycle is obtained by means of injection of compressed air operating on a cyclone two opposite tangential inlets to actuate the turbine (3)   centrifugal qi drives the compressor (1).