FR2760817A1 - LIGHTING APPARATUS BEFORE YOU, ON THE CHEST OR ON THE BELLY, USING A STRAP SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

Lighting device worn in front of you, on the chest or on the stomach, using a strap system. The invention relates to a lighting apparatus, a system of which allows it to be carried quickly and easily in front of one, in order to leave both hands free during use or transport. The strap system includes: - two shoulder straps (1) passing over the wearer's shoulders and back - four end caps (2) through which the straps (1) pass and which are attached to the case - a back plate (3) in which the straps (1) pass and located approximately in the middle. - four adjustment buckles (4) allowing the length of the straps to be adjusted. Four specific fasteners are made on the housing (5) of the lighting apparatus and ensure, when worn, the locking of the end pieces (2).

Description

 The present invention relates to an electric or other lighting device, equipped with a system of straps making it possible to carry it in front of you, on the chest or on the belly, leaving both hands free.

 Lighting devices currently sold are transported in different ways: - flashlight: mobilizes one hand permanently during use.

- device with carrying handle: same.

- device with shoulder strap: the light beam cannot be precisely directed forward when moving, without permanent manual help.

- headlamp: leaves your hands free, but the power is low when electric batteries are built into the lamp. Certain models of lamps use energy separately, in a backpack for example: the connection by cable or pipe is impractical, exacting, with a risk of tearing off.

 The present invention gives the wearer complete freedom of movement of the upper limbs during the use or transport of the device, thanks to a system of straps passing over the shoulders and back of the wearer.

 The present invention allows the construction of versatile monoblock lighting devices, usable static or on the move, whose power and autonomy can be very important. Indeed, the weight of the device is reflected on the shoulders of the wearer in a similar way to a backpack: a large amount of energy can be transported easily.

 The present invention allows the simultaneous wearing of a backpack. The wearer first sets up the lighting device, then the backpack.

 Conventions: the terms "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "front", "rear" always designate a direction determined by the wearer of the device. The unit of length is the millimeter (mm).

 The lighting apparatus according to the present invention consists of a housing and a strap system.

 The housing incorporates at least the vital functions enabling its use: one or more energy sources, one or more light sources, one or more lighting control members and members for fixing the strap system.

The dimensions, shape and material of the boot maker are not limiting; they depend on many criteria such as: morphology and age group of the user, aesthetics, level of lighting and autonomy sought, etc. However, according to the invention, the shape of the housing is approximately parallelepipedic and the surface bearing on the carrier is large, in order to guarantee stability during movement and comfort of use.
According to the invention, the housing incorporates four fixing members allowing the wearing of the lighting device. They are located approximately at the top and bottom of the housing, on its left and right side walls. They are intrinsically safe, in order to avoid any accidental release of the strap system during unusual movements of the user (for example, crossing a meadow fence).

 According to the invention, the lighting apparatus also consists of a system of straps comprising - two straps passing over the shoulders and crossing over the back of the wearer.

- four end caps through which the straps pass and that the wearer attaches or detaches fastening members on the housing. The strap system is therefore removable.

Each of the distal parts of the first strap passes freely around the crosspiece of each of the end pieces attached to the fixing members at the top left and bottom right on the housing. Each of the distal parts of the second strap passes freely around the crosspiece of each of the end pieces attached to the fastening members at the top right and bottom left on the case.

- a back plate in which the straps slide and intersect, located on the back of the wearer and adjustable in height.

- four strap length adjustment loops: they allow the user to adjust the position of the lighting fixture beforehand, at his convenience. Each strap passes through two adjustment loops located on either side of the backplate. Each adjustment loop incorporates three offset chicane crossbeams, between which the strap slides. The strap is turned over and sewn on itself at about 40 mm from each of its ends in order to trap the central crosspiece of each adjustment loop.

 According to the invention, the couple of attachment member on housing - end piece of the strap system can be designed as a function of multiple non-limiting criteria: aesthetics, cost price, desired mass, etc.

Installation of the lighting apparatus on the user: according to the invention,
The user first attaches the two end caps to the top of the previously installed box. He then lifts the device with one hand, puts it in contact with him and supports it. With the other hand, he passes the dorsal plate behind him over the head, releases the plate, grabs the strap on his back, attaches the end piece to the bottom of the case and takes it to support it. The first hand can then. grab the other strap and attach the last end piece.

The method described above is not limiting, and the user is the sole judge of the most effective method.

The back plate allows during this operation to separate the two shoulder straps well and to avoid their twisting. In addition, it prevents the device from accidentally falling if the user drops it when two tips are detached. According to the invention, the shape and dimensions of the back plate are not limiting; they essentially depend on ergonomic and aesthetic criteria.

 According to particular embodiments: - the two fixing members at the top of the housing can be located between its left and right side walls and at equal distance from them.

- the strap system can be connected to the top of the case: two end caps are permanently attached to the fixing members located at the top of the case. The user therefore attaches and detaches only the ends of the fixing members located at the bottom of the housing, to the left and to the right.

- the strap system can be connected to the top of the housing, and to the bottom right or left: the user therefore attaches only one end piece to the housing.

- each strap of the strap system can only be adjustable in length on one side, above or below: two adjustment loops are omitted.

- the seams at the end of the shoulder straps can be removed in order to give them a greater length adjustment range. We reverse the path of the straps, to make their ends accessible, in the end caps and in the adjustment loops. Two passers-by are threaded on each strap to keep its strands free.

- According to the invention, any commercial or specific adjustment loop, with automatic locking or manual locking, can be used to allow adjustment of the length of the straps.

- the adjustment loops can be omitted: the shoulder straps cross the end pieces and these incorporate a mechanical locking system that the user actuates to block the distal parts of the shoulder straps at a preferential length.

- the adjustment loops can be eliminated: the end caps block the distal parts of the straps after length adjustment, automatically when they are stretched under the effect of the weight of the case, by a system of two crossbeams offset in a baffle. Two passers-by are threaded on each strap to keep its strands free.

- the adjustment loops can be eliminated: the ends of the two straps are permanently fixed to the end caps.

- the adjustment loops can be removed: additional ribbons of
Velcro are sewn one after the other on each distal part of each strap, it passes freely in each end piece around a crosspiece and the hooking range of the Velcro determines the length adjustment of the strap.

- the adjustment loops and the end caps can be eliminated the straps are pierced with a series of holes towards each of their distal parts, the wearer directly hooks each strap to the fixing members in the form of a protruding hook of the housing, by the corresponding holes at the preferred strap length.

- the end caps can be permanently attached to the fixing members on the housing and the adjustment loops can be eliminated: a short strap is fixed at one end to each end cap. A fast-opening fastening loop with strap tightening is made up of two separable elements: a simple element integrating a single cross-member, and a complementary element integrating a system of two cross-pieces staggered in a baffle. The simple element integrating the single cross-member is fixed at the other end of each belt. The strap system incorporates two straps, each distal part of which passes between the two crosspieces of each complementary element, allowing adjustment of the length of the strap, but blocking the latter when it is stretched under the effect of the weight of the housing. Two passers-by are threaded on each strap to keep its strands free.

- the end caps can be permanently attached to the fixing members on the housing and the adjustment loops can be eliminated: a short strap is fixed at one end to each end cap, and a pin buckle is fixed at the other end of each belt. Each strap is pierced with a series of holes towards each of its distal parts. The wearer subjects the suspenders to a preferential length in the pin buckles. A loop is threaded on each strap to keep the strand free from the strap.

- the end caps can be permanently attached to the fixing members on the housing and the adjustment loops can be eliminated: each end cap is fixed to the end of a short strap. A manual locking tightening loop is attached to the other end of each strap, through which the user passes, adjusts to length and secures each strap to each of its distal parts. Without limiting intention and without excluding any variant, manual locking can be achieved by a lever system, a screw, etc.

- the adjustment loops can be omitted: each end piece is fixed to the end of a strap, its opposite distal part passes between the two crossbeams offset in baffle with a tightening loop, and the free strand is maintained by a loop threaded onto the strap. The strap system incorporates two straps: each tightening loop is attached to each end of each strap. The belts are thus adjustable in length, but are locked when they are stretched under the effect of the weight of the housing.

- According to the invention, the strap system can be designed differently in its upper part and in its lower part, depending on the different embodiments listed above; for example, using straps with Velcro at the top of the back plate and using straps with pin buckles at the bottom of the back plate.

- the straps can be widened and padded at the level of the wearer's shoulders to improve comfort.

- the straps of the strap system can remain paranelic, without crossing, in the dorsal plate. The distance between the two straps at the level of the back plate is not limiting, it is essentially defined on the basis of ergonomic criteria.

- the back plate can be removed if the shoulder straps cross on the back of the wearer: they are independent of each other.

- the back plate can be removed if the shoulder straps are brought together towards the middle of the wearer's back by any means: sewing, specific loop in which each shoulder strap passes through a tunnel or between sleepers, etc.

- the two straps can be attached to the back plate, without the possibility of sliding.

- the two straps can be cut in half approximately in the middle, the four half-straps are attached to the back plate without the possibility of sliding.

The location of the anchor point and the direction of each half-ramp are essentially defined based on ergonomic criteria.

- the two straps can be replaced by four independent half-straps fixed to the back plate without the possibility of sliding. Each half-strap is articulated on the back plate: the half-strap aligns fully and automatically in the right direction when the wearer sets up the device.

The location of the articulations of the half-straps is essentially defined on the basis of ergonomic criteria.

- in the case of a light box, the fasteners can be removed, and the strap system can be replaced by a system of two rigid supports fixed at the top of the box, left and right, and resting on the shoulders of the wearer. The supports are padded and hug the top and back of each of the wearer's shoulders; they can have a certain flexibility in this area in order to adapt to the morphology of the wearer.

The user can also bring the device to a preferential height: each support slides in the housing and is held in position by a suitable locking system.

Without limiting intention and without excluding any variant, the locking system can be achieved by clamping screw, engagement of a tenon in the notched rack support, engagement of a pin in the support drilled with a series holes, etc.

A connection can also be made between the ends of the two supports, under the wearer's neck: he sets up the device by passing it through the head. It cannot fall when the wearer leans forward.

- in the case of a light housing, the fastening members at the bottom of the housing can be omitted, and the strap system can be replaced by a single strap system: a strap is fitted with two end caps and goes through a loop of setting; the end caps are permanently attached to the fixing members located at the top of the housing. The strap passes over the wearer's neck and is adjustable in length.

- the system of two supports and the single strap system described above can also be completed by a dorsal belt adjustable in length by means of an adjustment loop and equipped with two end caps at its distal parts, which the wearer attaches or detaches fasteners located approximately at the bottom of the case, on its left and right side walls: when the wearer leans forward, the stability of the device is thus guaranteed.

- in the case of a light housing, the fasteners can be removed, and the strap system can be replaced by a sleeveless vest open on the left and right sides, which the user goes through the head. The vest closes on the sides with Velcro tabs, the hooking range allows its adjustment in waist.

Without limiting intent and without excluding any variant, the vest can also be closed on the side using snaps, buckle straps, etc., allowing adjustment in waist size.

The housing is either permanently fixed on the front of the vest at a predetermined height, or fixed by the user on the vest at a preferred height. Without limiting intent and without excluding any variant, the system for attaching the housing to the vest can be achieved by: gluing, welding, riveting, lacing, straps with loops, Velcros with or without hooking height range, etc.

- the box can be only a simple chassis fitted with four fixing members intended for the strap system, on which an independent lighting device incorporating at least the vital functions allowing its use, can be quickly installed or removed by the 'user. Without limiting intention and without excluding any variant, the system for installing the independent lighting device on the chassis can be made by embedding, pinching, locking, flexible hooks, etc.

- The box can incorporate one or more secondary functions depending on the lighting function, for example a device for controlling the amount of remaining energy, a device for reducing the level of lighting, a device for recharging the source d energy, a device for connecting to an external light source, etc.

- the box can incorporate one or more secondary functions independent of the lighting function, for example a storage compartment, a device holding the strap system when the device is moved by hand, an audible warning, etc.

- in the case of the use of one or more light sources whose light beam must be directed precisely (for example an incandescent lamp associated with a parabolic reflector), these can be fixed to a single support articulated on the housing. The adjustment of the range of the light beam can be carried out sporadically and quickly with one hand, by tilting the support.

The rotation of the light source support described above can also be carried out by a button projecting from the housing and secured to the axis of the support, which is rotated to reorient the light beam.

The rotation of the light source support can also be multiplied relative to that of the button to more precisely adjust the beam range, thanks to a suitable mechanism; for example gear train or friction wheels, etc.

each light source can also be fixed to an articulated support, the rotation of which is independent of the other supports; the rotation of each support can also be carried out by a button projecting from the housing.

- Without limiting intention and without excluding any variant, we will give the main embodiments of the couple fixing member on the housing - end of the strap system:
Containing and contained dovetail.

Tenon-mortise type assembly, possibly completed with a blocking system that the user manually neutralizes to disassemble.

Cam system: assembly is effective when the end cap is engaged in the housing and correctly aligned with the strap. The user turns the tip a fraction of a turn to detach it.

Ring-type hooking - hook of any shape, with possible locking.

Screwing the tip onto the housing with captive screw.

End piece fitted with a cylindrical shaft with a groove; a flexible blade is fixed inside the housing; it enters the groove of the nozzle when it is engaged in the housing. The user can only release the tip if he pushes the blade back using an adjoining button, protruding from the housing.

Bolting or riveting between housing and end piece.

 The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention - Figure 1, in accordance with a first embodiment of the lighting fixture, illustrates a view of the housing and the strap system, as they are located on the carrier.

- Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the strap system in two partial orthogonal views.

- Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the back plate in two orthogonal views.

- Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8 show the tips attaching to the fasteners on the housing.

- Figure 9 and Figure 10 illustrate the position and shape of the fasteners on the housing, and the movements to be performed to attach a nozzle.

- Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 show the housing of the lighting fixture in three orthogonal views and in two plates.

- Figure 15, in accordance with a second embodiment of the lighting fixture, illustrates a view of the strap system incorporating fast-opening fixing loops.

- Figure 16 and Figure 17 detail a couple of fixing member - end piece made by riveting.

With reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14, the invention is described according to a first embodiment
Figure 1 defines the composition of the lighting fixture - the housing (5) of the lighting fixture and the direction of its light beam. For this embodiment, the housing (5) is rectangular and has dimensions of 220 mm in height, 260 mm in width between left and right and 60 mm in thickness between front and rear; edges and corners are slightly rounded.

- two straps (1) passing over the shoulders and crossing in the back of the wearer.

- four end caps (2) through which the shoulder straps (1) pass and which the user attaches to the housing (5), in fixing members.

- a back plate (3) in which the straps (1) slide, located on the back of the wearer.

- four adjustment loops (4) for adjusting the length of the straps (1).

The straps (1), the end caps (2), the back plate (3) and the adjustment buckles (4) constitute the strap system.

Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the path of any of the two straps (1) in the other parts of the strap system.

- each strap (1) is turned over and sewn on itself at around 40 mm from each of its ends in order to trap the central crossmember with two adjustment loops (4). By way of nonlimiting example, a commercial width 30 mm strap, cutting length 1350 mm, polyester material, is used.

- each strap (1) passes through the two end pieces (2) around crosspieces and slides freely.

- each strap (1) passes through the two adjustment loops (4) between their three crosspieces. The adjustment loops (4) automatically block the strap (1) when it is stretched under the effect of the weight of the housing (5). Commercial adjustment loops, width 30 mm are used.

- each strap (1) slides in four slots in the back plate (3). This automatically blocks the strap (1) when it is stretched under the effect of the weight of the housing (5).

Figure 4 and Figure 5 define the back plate (3). By way of nonlimiting example, the overall dimensions are 170 mm in width and 140 mm in height. The thickness varies between 1 and 2 mm. The edges of the piece are rounded to avoid catching the wearer's clothes and to make it non-cutting. The crossing angle of the two straps (1) is non-limiting and the perpendicular has been chosen for this embodiment. The material is a flexible and unbreakable plastic, for example polycarbonate or high density polyethylene. The part is injection molded.

Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8 define a tip (2) in three orthogonal views.

On the sectional view A-A, we can see the free path of the ramp (1). By way of nonlimiting example, the overall dimensions of the end pieces (2) are 40 mm by 37 mm by 25 mm. The hemisphere has a diameter of 16 mm and is connected to a cylindrical axis with a diameter of 9.7 mm. The material of the end pieces (2) is an unbreakable plastic, for example polycarbonate, polyamide or A B S. The part is injection molded.

Figure 9 and Figure 10 illustrate the location and shape of the four fasteners on the housing (5), and the movements that the user must perform to attach each end piece (2). The fixing members are located at the top and bottom of the housing (5), on its left and right side walls. The couple fixing member on housing (5) - end piece (2) of the strap system is of the ring - hook type: The fixing member is the ring and the half-sphere of the end pieces (2) is the hook.

When the device is put in place, the user grasps the end piece (2), engages the hemisphere in the fixing member on the housing (5) and brings the end piece (2) into rear stop, exerting some force. The hemisphere is then trapped in the housing (5) but the end piece (2) remains free to rotate. The user releases the tip (2) and it automatically aligns with the strap (1).

Figures 11, 12, 13 and 14 define the housing (5) in two boards: boards 517 and 617.

The material of the housing (5) is a flexible and unbreakable plastic, for example high density polyethylene, ABS or polycarbonate. The housing (5) is injection molded into two separate parts: a front box (5AV) and a rear box (5AR) resting on the wearer's chest or belly during use. The front box (5AV) and the rear box (5AR) are assembled together by any process: for example screwing, force fitting, interlocking and non-return hooks, ultrasonic welding, etc. The assembly is carried out for this embodiment by screwing: the boxes incorporate chimneys (5C) receiving self-tapping screws. The assembly having no relation to the present invention, is only shown partially so as not to interfere with the understanding of the drawing.

Figure 12 shows in full view the tip (2) attached to the fixing member located at the top of the housing (5), on its right side wall. A blade (5L) extruded from the rear box (5AR) and pierced with a hole with a diameter of 10 mm, retains the end piece (2) at the rear stop.

The user detaches the end piece (2) by performing the reverse movements of the attachment method: he grasps the end piece (2) and exerts a certain force forward; the blade (5L) folds and releases the hemisphere. By way of nonlimiting example, the force applied in this embodiment is 10 newtons to attach the end pieces (2) and 15 newtons to detach them.

The inner wall (51) isolates the fixing members from the other functions contained in the housing (5). The four fixing members have an identical constitution and dimensions. Their dimensions are on the other hand symmetrical with respect to a horizontal axis X'X and a vertical axis Y'Y whose intersection is located in the middle of the height and width of the housing (5).

The housing (5) incorporates the vital functions for its use - any electrical accumulator located in the lower compartment (5B) of the housing (5). The accumulator is not shown in the figure because its shape, its characteristics and its fixing are not the object of the present invention.

- a lighting control member comprising a switch, a fuse and an electrical wiring ensuring the connection between accumulator and light source.

The assembly is not shown in the figure because its composition is not the subject of the present invention.

- a light source (6) composed of an incandescent lamp, a parabolic reflector and a protective glass. The light source (6) is fixed in the middle of a support (7) articulated on the housing (5). The light source (6) has an outside diameter of 35 mm and a depth of 33 mm. Its characteristics and its connection to the lighting control member are not detailed since they are not the subject of the present invention.

The support (7) is drilled with a 32 mm diameter hole; the light source (6) is centered using four bosses (7B) produced in the support (7) and concentric with this hole. The material of the support (7) is 1 mm thick aluminum; the part is cut, punched and cold folded with a press.

The light source (6) is kept under pressure against the support (7) using a spring (8) with a force of about 30 newtons, each end of which is engaged in a light of 10 mm by 2 mm made in the support (7). When the light source (6) must be replaced, the user must slide the spring (8) by about 2 mm to allow it to be released, then that of the light source (6). The material of the spring (8) is hard stainless steel or nickel silver, and the thickness is 0.5 mm. The part is cut with a press.

The support (7) is articulated on the housing (5): - on the left by an axis (9) immobilized in the bearing (5P1) extruded from the rear box (5AR) and located at the joint plane with the front box (5AV ). Figure 14 shows the bearing (5P1), the support (7) and the axis (9) mounted. The material of the axis (9) is an unbreakable plastic, for example high density polyethylene, polyamide, thermosetting, etc.

The part is molded by injection or compression.

- on the right by a button (10), an 8 mm by 8 mm drive square of which enters a cutout in the support (7) adjusted to said drive square.

The axis (9) and the button (10) are coaxial. The support (7) is rotated by the button (10) passing through a cutout, it is only adjustable in length in its lower part.

Figure 15 defines the composition of the lighting fixture: - a housing (5) whose external dimensions, structure, material and method of assembly are identical to those of the first embodiment. The vital functions contained and the device for rotating the light source by a button projecting from the housing (5) are identical to those of the first embodiment.

The fixing members at the top of the housing (5) are located between its left and right side walls and equidistant therefrom; recesses with a depth of 5 mm are made in the rear face of the housing (5) at the location of the two fixing members.

The fixing members at the bottom of the housing (5) are located on its left and right side walls.

- four identical end caps (2) permanently attached to the fixing members on the housing (5). The two end caps (2) at the top do not extend beyond the rear face of the housing (5) in order to preserve the comfort of use.

- two short belts (11) fixed at one end to the end caps (2) located at the bottom of the housing (5). The end caps (2) are free to rotate and automatically align with the belts (11). By way of nonlimiting example, a 25 mm wide commercial strap, 120 mm cutting length, polyester material, is used for each belt (11).

- two fastening loops (12) with quick opening and strap tightening: commercial loops for 25 mm wide strap. Each fixing loop (12) is composed of a simple element integrating a single cross-member and a complementary element integrating a system of two cross-pieces staggered in a baffle.

Each strap (11) is turned over and sewn on itself about 40 mm from its other end, in order to trap the single crosspiece of the simple element.

- two straps (1) independent of each other, passing over the shoulders and crossing over the back of the wearer. By way of nonlimiting example, a 25 mm wide commercial strap, 1200 mm cutting length, polyester material, is used for each strap (1). The lower distal part of each strap (1) passes between the offset baffled crosspieces of the complementary element of the fixing loop (12): the straps (1) are thus adjustable in length, but are locked when they are stretched under the effect of the weight of the housing (5).

The upper end of each strap (1) is permanently fixed to the end pieces (2).

These are free to rotate and automatically align with the shoulder straps (1).

- two passers-by (13) threaded on the straps (1) in order to keep their strands free.

Figure 16 and Figure 17 detail the end piece (2) attached to the fixing member located at the bottom of the left side wall of the housing (5). The end piece (2) is composed of an axis (2A) and a cover (2C). The pin (2A) is a commercial rivet: tubular rivet 3.9 mm, length 10 mm in nickel-plated steel. The material of the cover (2C) is a flexible and unbreakable plastic, for example high density polyethylene, PVC or ABS. The overall dimensions of the cover (2C) are 30 mm by 28 mm by 5 mm; the part is injection molded.

The belt (11) is crossed by the axis (2A): the assembly is carried out by first removing the texture threads from the belt (11) using an appropriate tip tool.

The housing (5) is composed of a front box (5AV) and a rear box (5AR) as in the first embodiment. The fixing member is a simple 4.2 mm diameter hole located on the joint plane of the two boxes, which the axis (2A) crosses. The tubular end of the axis (2A) is pushed back using a riveter with snap, after having interposed a washer (14) in order to improve the solidity of the assembly when torn off.

The washer (14) has an outside diameter of 16 mm, a thickness of 0.8 mm and is made of galvanized steel. A clearance of about 0.2 mm is given to the assembly to allow rotation of the end piece (2).

The upper end of each strap (1) is fixed to the end pieces (2) by the same operating method as before: the strap (1) is crossed by the axis (2A), by first removing the texture threads from said strap using appropriate tip tools.

The fasteners at the top are simple 4.2 mm diameter holes drilled in the rear box (5AR).

Claims (36)

 1) Lighting device worn in front of you, on the chest or on the belly, characterized in that it consists of a housing and a system of straps passing over the shoulders and back of the wearer.  2) Lighting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that four fixing members are located approximately at the top and bottom of the housing (5), on its left and right side walls.  3) Lighting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that four fixing members are located approximately at the top of the housing (5), between its left and right side walls, equidistant from them, and at the bottom of the housing (5) on said side walls.  4) Lighting apparatus according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the strap system incorporates four end pieces (2) that the wearer attaches or detaches fixing members on the housing (5).  5) A lighting fixture according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the strap system incorporates four tips, the user attaches or detaches two tips of the fixing members located at the bottom of the housing, and the other two tips are permanently attached to the fasteners located at the top of the housing.  6) Lighting apparatus according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the strap system incorporates four end pieces (2) permanently attached to the housing fixing members (5).  7) Lighting apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that each of the distal parts of two straps (1) passes freely in each of the end pieces (2), around a crosspiece.  8) Lighting apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that each of the distal parts of two straps is automatically blocked by each of the end pieces; two passers-by are threaded on each strap to keep its strands free.  9) Lighting apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that each of the ends of two straps (1) is permanently fixed to the end pieces (2).  10) Lighting apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that two complementary Velcro tapes are sewn one after the other on each of the distal parts of two straps; each distal part passes freely in each endpiece around a cross member, and the Velcro attachment range determines the length adjustment of said strap.  11) Lighting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the strap system consists of two suspenders pierced with a series of holes towards each of their distal parts, these are directly hooked by the wearer to the organs of fixing on the housing using preferential holes.  12) Lighting apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that a belt (11) is fixed by one end to each end piece (2); A fastening buckle (12) with quick opening and strap tightening is fixed on one side by its single crosspiece at the other end of each strap (11), each of the two distal parts of two straps (1) passing from the other side of said fixing loop between its two crossbeams offset in a baffle, two loops (13) are threaded on each strap (1) in order to keep its strands free.  13) Lighting apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that a strap is fixed by one end to each end piece, pin buckles are fixed to the other ends of the belts, in order to secure two suspenders pierced with a series of holes to each of their distal parts, a loop is threaded on each strap to keep the strand free from the strap.  14) A lighting device according to claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that each end piece is fixed to the end of a strap and the opposite distal part of said strap passes between the crossbeams offset in baffle with a tightening loop, a loop is threaded on each strap to keep its free strand.  15) Lighting apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that each tightening loop is fixed to each end of two straps.  16) Lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 15, characterized in that the strap system is designed according to two different embodiments between its part high and its lower part.  17) Lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 15, characterized in that the straps are widened and padded at the shoulders of the wearer.  18) A lighting apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that each strap (1) passes through an adjustment loop (4), the central crosspiece is trapped by one end of said strap.  19) Lighting apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that each strap passes through an adjustment loop and a passer-by is threaded on each strap in order to maintain its free strand.  20) Lighting apparatus according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized in that each strap (1) passes through a second adjustment loop (4) in order to adjust the length of said strap to its two distal parts.  21) Lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 15, characterized in that the two straps (1) are independent from each other.  22) Lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, him, 12, 13 or 15, characterized in that the two straps are joined towards the middle of the back of the wearer either by sewing or by a specific loop.  23) Lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 15, characterized in that the two straps (1) slide in a back plate (3).  24) Lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 15, characterized in that the two straps are fixed to a back plate without the possibility of sliding.  25) A lighting device according to claim 24, characterized in that the two straps are cut approximately by the middle; each half-strap is attached to the back plate.  26) Lighting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing consists of a frame on which the user can quickly install or remove an independent lighting device.  27) Lighting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (5) incorporates the vital functions allowing its use: at least one energy source, at least one lighting control member and a single light source .  28) Lighting apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that the housing incorporates at least one additional light source.  29) Lighting apparatus according to claim 27 or claim 28, characterized in that the housing incorporates one or more secondary functions dependent on the lighting function.  30) Lighting apparatus according to claim 27 or claim 28 or claim 29, characterized in that the housing incorporates one or more secondary functions independent of the lighting function.  31) Lighting apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that the light source (6) is fixed to a support (7) articulated on the housing (5).  32) Lighting apparatus according to claim 28, characterized in that the light sources are fixed to a single support articulated on the housing.  33) Lighting apparatus according to claim 31 or claim 32, characterized in that the rotation of the support (7) is effected by a button (10) projecting from the housing (5).  34) Lighting apparatus according to claim 33, characterized in that the rotation of the support is multiplied relative to that of the button.  35) Lighting apparatus according to claim 28, characterized in that each light source is fixed to a support articulated on the housing and independent of other supports.  36) Lighting apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the rotation of each support is effected by a button projecting from the housing.