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FR2695832A1 - Fire extinguishing system for enclosed chamber or cupboard - has nozzle, in form of tube, with multiple orifices and spring-loaded bush which exposes more orifices as extinguishing fluid pressure falls - Google Patents

Fire extinguishing system for enclosed chamber or cupboard - has nozzle, in form of tube, with multiple orifices and spring-loaded bush which exposes more orifices as extinguishing fluid pressure falls Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2695832A1
FR2695832A1 FR9211385A FR9211385A FR2695832A1 FR 2695832 A1 FR2695832 A1 FR 2695832A1 FR 9211385 A FR9211385 A FR 9211385A FR 9211385 A FR9211385 A FR 9211385A FR 2695832 A1 FR2695832 A1 FR 2695832A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
nozzle
fluid
tube
enclosure
orifices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9211385A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2695832B1 (en
Inventor
Dusser Bernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus Guinard
Original Assignee
Cerberus Guinard
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus Guinard filed Critical Cerberus Guinard
Priority to FR9211385A priority Critical patent/FR2695832B1/en
Publication of FR2695832A1 publication Critical patent/FR2695832A1/en
Priority to FR9405681A priority patent/FR2702664B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2695832B1 publication Critical patent/FR2695832B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/32Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening
    • B05B1/323Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening the valve member being actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/68Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The system comprises a reservoir of fluid under pressure and having fire-extinguishing properties, connected by a tube (5) to a nozzle inside the protected chamber, while the nozzle is equipped with a mechanism (7-20) which increases the section of the fluid outlet as its pressure falls. The nozzle is in the form of a tube (7) with at least three outlets (8,9,10,11) situated at different levels along its length, and an outer sliding and spring-loaded bush (15,17) which leaves at least the end outlet (11) exposed when in its initial position, and exposes more as the pressure drops. The relative volume of the reservoir of extinguishing fluid to that of the chamber is less than 0.1:1 and preferably of the order of 0.02:1. The fire-extinguishing fluid can be, for example, carbon dioxide or, in variants, nitrogen or halon. ADVANTAGE - Prevents over-cooling or condensation of moisture inside protected chamber, which might cause a short circuit and damage electronic components.

Description

Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie dans une enceinte à buse d'insufflation d'un fluide.Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure with a fluid insufflation nozzle.

La présente invention se rapporte aux dispositifs d'extinction d'incendies dans des enceintes. Elle s'applique plus particulièrement à l'extinction d'incendies dans des armoires dans lesquelles sont rangés des objets de prix, mais dont l'étanchéité aux gaz est imparfaite. The present invention relates to devices for extinguishing fires in enclosures. It applies more particularly to extinguishing fires in cupboards in which priceless items are stored, but whose gas tightness is imperfect.

Pour obtenir une extinction satisfaisante d'un incendie, qui s'est déclaré dans une enceinte, il faut maintenir la concentration du fluide doué de propriétés extinctrices, que l'on y envoie, au-dessus d'un certain seuil pendant une durée donnée. Les expériences menées par la demanderesse ont révélé que cela était impossible quand, comme il est normal, le volume du réservoir de fluide sous pression est bien plus petit que le volume de l'enceinte à protéger. To obtain a satisfactory extinction of a fire, which started in an enclosure, it is necessary to maintain the concentration of the fluid endowed with extinguishing properties, which one sends there, above a certain threshold during a given duration . The experiments carried out by the applicant have revealed that this was impossible when, as is normal, the volume of the pressurized fluid reservoir is much smaller than the volume of the enclosure to be protected.

L'invention pallie cet inconvénient par un dispositif d'extinction d'incendie dans une enceinte, qui permet d'y maintenir une teneur en fluide doué de propriétés extinctrices supérieure à un seuil donné et pendant une durée donnée suffisante pour obtenir l'extinction d'un incendie. The invention overcomes this drawback by a device for extinguishing a fire in an enclosure, which makes it possible to maintain a content of fluid therein with extinguishing properties greater than a given threshold and for a given duration sufficient to obtain the extinction of 'a fire.

Le dispositif d'extinction d'un incendie dans une enceinte, suivant l'invention, comprend un réservoir de fluide sous pression doué de propriétés extinctrices et communiquant avec l'enceinte par un conduit muni d'une buse débouchant dans l'enceinte. I1 est prévu des moyens destinés à augmenter la dimension de l'orifice de passage du fluide dans la buse quand la pression du fluide y arrivant baisse. The device for extinguishing a fire in an enclosure, according to the invention, comprises a reservoir of pressurized fluid endowed with extinguishing properties and communicating with the enclosure by a conduit provided with a nozzle opening into the enclosure. I1 is provided means for increasing the dimension of the orifice for passage of the fluid in the nozzle when the pressure of the fluid arriving there decreases.

On constate, en effet, que, pour des enceintes qui ne sont pas parfaitement étanches, telles que des armoires, il est nécessaire, si l'on veut maintenir la teneur en fluide extincteur au-dessus d'un seuil donné, d'augmenter, que ce soit progressivement ou par paliers, les sections de passage du fluide dans l'enceinte au fur et à mesure que celui-ci passe du réservoir dans l'enceinte pour tenir compte de la perte de pression progressive qui se traduirait par une perte de débit, si l'on n'augmentait pas la section de passage. It is observed, in fact, that, for enclosures which are not perfectly sealed, such as cupboards, it is necessary, if one wishes to maintain the content of extinguishing fluid above a given threshold, to increase , whether progressively or in stages, the fluid passage sections in the enclosure as it passes from the reservoir into the enclosure to take account of the progressive pressure loss which would result in a loss flow, if the passage section is not increased.

Suivant un mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux de l'invention, l'agencement du dispositif est tel que le fluide du réservoir ne passe de la phase liquide à la phase vapeur qu'en amont, dans le sens allant du réservoir à l'enceinte, de la buse. Cette disposition, qui d'ailleurs vaut en soi indépendamment de celle indiquée précédemment, permet de faire en sorte que la production de frigories liée à la détente du gaz ne se produise qu'en dehors de l'enceinte et ne la refroidisse pas de manière que les produits précieux qu'elle contient et qui, souvent, seraient endommagés par un abaissement trop grand de la température, ne soient pas portés à une température basse.En outre, en prévoyant le passage de la phase liquide à la phase vapeur en dehors de l'enceinte, on évite toute condensation d'eau dans l'enceinte qui peut provoquer des courts-circuits des composants électroniques. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the arrangement of the device is such that the fluid in the reservoir only passes from the liquid phase to the vapor phase upstream, in the direction going from the reservoir to the enclosure, nozzle. This arrangement, which moreover is valid in itself independently of that indicated above, makes it possible for the production of frigories linked to the expansion of the gas to occur only outside the enclosure and not to cool it so that the precious products which it contains and which, often, would be damaged by a too great lowering of the temperature, are not brought to a low temperature. In addition, by providing for the transition from the liquid phase to the vapor phase outside of the enclosure, any condensation of water in the enclosure is avoided, which may cause short circuits of the electronic components.

Pour faire en sorte que le fluide du réservoir ne passe de la phase liquide à la phase vapeur qu'en amont de la buse, on peut prévoir, en amont de celle-ci, un détendeur mais, d'une manière particulièrement préférée, il suffit de faire en sorte que le conduit qui met en communication la buse avec le réservoir débouche dans celui-ci dans la partie qui contient du gaz, donc en général en haut de celui-ci et non pas au bas de celui-ci. C'est donc du gaz qui passe directement dans ce conduit et la vaporisation a lieu à l'intérieur du réservoir. To ensure that the fluid in the reservoir does not pass from the liquid phase to the vapor phase only upstream of the nozzle, it is possible to provide, upstream of the latter, a regulator but, in a particularly preferred manner, it It suffices to ensure that the conduit which puts the nozzle in communication with the reservoir opens into the latter in the part which contains gas, therefore in general at the top thereof and not at the bottom thereof. It is therefore gas which passes directly into this conduit and the vaporization takes place inside the tank.

Les moyens destinés à augmenter la dimension de l'orifice de passage du fluide dans la buse, quand la pression du fluide y arrivant baisse, peuvent être formés avantageusement par le fait que la buse comprend un tube muni d'un certain nombre d'orifices répartis à des niveaux différents le long du tube et un corps monté coulissant le long du tube, en fonction des forces antagonistes qui lui sont appliquées, d'une part par un ressort et, d'autre part, par la pression du fluide sortant de l'un des orifices, entre une position où le corps recouvre un deuxième orifice et une position où il le dégage, ce qui ménage un orifice de passage supplémentaire du fluide dans l'enceinte. The means intended to increase the dimension of the orifice for passage of the fluid in the nozzle, when the pressure of the fluid arriving therein, can advantageously be formed by the fact that the nozzle comprises a tube provided with a number of orifices distributed at different levels along the tube and a body mounted sliding along the tube, depending on the opposing forces applied to it, on the one hand by a spring and, on the other hand, by the pressure of the fluid leaving one of the orifices, between a position where the body covers a second orifice and a position where it releases it, which provides an additional orifice for the passage of the fluid in the enclosure.

L'invention s'applique particulièrement lorsque le rapport du volume du réservoir à celui de 1 l'enceinte est inférieur à 0,1 et, de préférence, à 0,02. The invention is particularly applicable when the ratio of the volume of the tank to that of the enclosure is less than 0.1 and preferably less than 0.02.

Au dessin annexé, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple
la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif suivant l'invention, et
les figures 2 à 4 sont des vues en coupe de la buse en trois positions différentes de fonctionnement.
In the accompanying drawing, given only by way of example
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device according to the invention, and
Figures 2 to 4 are sectional views of the nozzle in three different operating positions.

Le dispositif représenté à la figure 1 de protection vis-à-vis de l'incendie d'une armoire A comporte un réservoir 1 de gaz carbonique sous pression, servant de fluide doué de propriétés extinctrices. Au lieu du gaz carbonique, on pourrait utiliser également de l'azote, du halon, etc. Une vanne 2, dont le conduit de sortie 3 dans le réservoir débouche au-dessus du niveau 4 du gaz carbonique liquide dans le réservoir 1, met l'enceinte A en communication avec le réservoir 1 grâce à un conduit 5 débouchant dans l'enceinte A par une buse 6 à débit variable. The device shown in FIG. 1 for protection against the fire in a cabinet A comprises a reservoir 1 of carbon dioxide under pressure, serving as a fluid endowed with extinguishing properties. Instead of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, halon, etc. could also be used. A valve 2, the outlet pipe 3 of which in the tank opens above the level 4 of the liquid carbon dioxide in the tank 1, places the enclosure A in communication with the tank 1 by means of a pipe 5 opening into the enclosure A by a nozzle 6 with variable flow.

A la figure 2, on reconnaît le conduit 5 auquel un tube 7 de la buse est raccordé. Le tube 7 comporte quatre orifices 8, 9, 10 et 11 répartis à des niveaux différents le long du tube. Le tube comporte un renflement 12 ménageant deux épaulements 13 et 14, l'un, 13, dirigé vers le haut de l'armoire A où est fixée la buse 6 et l'autre vers le bas de cette armoire A. In Figure 2, we recognize the conduit 5 to which a tube 7 of the nozzle is connected. The tube 7 has four holes 8, 9, 10 and 11 distributed at different levels along the tube. The tube has a bulge 12 providing two shoulders 13 and 14, one, 13, directed towards the top of the cabinet A where the nozzle 6 is fixed and the other towards the bottom of this cabinet A.

Un corps 15 comporte un épaulement 16 vers l'intérieur et est monté coulissant sur le renflement 12 et sur la partie basse du tube 7. L'une des extrémités d'un ressort 17 est en butée sur l'épaulement 13, tandis que l'autre extrémité est maintenue par un jonc élastique 18 logé dans une gorge annulaire 19 intérieure du corps 15. A body 15 has a shoulder 16 inwards and is slidably mounted on the bulge 12 and on the lower part of the tube 7. One of the ends of a spring 17 is in abutment on the shoulder 13, while the the other end is held by an elastic ring 18 housed in an annular groove 19 inside the body 15.

Un anneau 20 élastique, monté sur le bas du tube 5, sert de butée au bas du corps 15. An elastic ring 20, mounted on the bottom of the tube 5, serves as a stop at the bottom of the body 15.

Cette vanne fonctionne de la manière suivante. This valve operates as follows.

A la figure 2, qui représente la position de la buse alors que l'on vient d'ouvrir la vanne 2 et que la pression du gaz qui passe par la buse 6 est grande, le gaz pénètre dans l'armoire A en passant par l'orifice 11. Il passe également par l'orifice 8 et tend à repousser le corps vers le bas par la force de pression appliquée sur l'épaulement 16. Le ressort 17 est comprimé. In FIG. 2, which represents the position of the nozzle when the valve 2 has just been opened and the pressure of the gas passing through the nozzle 6 is high, the gas enters the cabinet A passing through the orifice 11. It also passes through the orifice 8 and tends to push the body downwards by the pressure force applied to the shoulder 16. The spring 17 is compressed.

A la figure 3, la pression du fluide fourni par le réservoir 1 a diminué. Le ressort 17 s'est détendu et la force appliquée sur le fluide sur l'épaulement 16 est moindre. Le ressort 17 a repoussé le corps 15 vers le haut et a dégagé l'orifice 10 par lequel du gaz passe maintenant dans l'armoire A. La section de passage du fluide est ainsi augmentée, puisqu'elle se compose des orifices 10 et 11. In FIG. 3, the pressure of the fluid supplied by the reservoir 1 has decreased. The spring 17 has relaxed and the force applied to the fluid on the shoulder 16 is less. The spring 17 has pushed the body 15 upwards and has cleared the orifice 10 through which gas now passes into the cabinet A. The fluid passage section is thus increased, since it consists of the orifices 10 and 11 .

A la figure 4 et par un processus analogue, c'est le nouvel orifice 9 qui augmente la section de passage.  In FIG. 4 and by a similar process, it is the new orifice 9 which increases the passage section.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie dans une enceinte, qui comprend un réservoir (1) de fluide sous pression doué de propriétés extinctrices et communiquant avec l'enceinte (A) par un conduit (5) muni d'une buse (6) débouchant dans l'enceinte (A), caractérisé par des moyens (7 à 20) destinés à augmenter la dimension de la section de passage du fluide dans la buse (6) quand la pression de fluide y arrivant baisse. 1. Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure, which comprises a reservoir (1) of pressurized fluid endowed with extinguishing properties and communicating with the enclosure (A) by a conduit (5) provided with a nozzle (6 ) opening into the enclosure (A), characterized by means (7 to 20) intended to increase the dimension of the section for passage of the fluid in the nozzle (6) when the pressure of fluid arriving there decreases. 2. Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie dans une enceinte suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par un agencement tel que le fluide du réservoir ne passe de la phase liquide à la phase vapeur qu'en amont, dans le sens allant du réservoir à l'enceinte de la buse. 2. Device for extinguishing a fire in an enclosure according to claim 1, characterized by an arrangement such that the fluid in the reservoir only passes from the liquid phase to the vapor phase in the upstream direction from the reservoir to the nozzle enclosure. 3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens sont formés par le fait que la buse (6) comprend un tube (7) muni d'au moins trois orifices (8, 9, 10, 11) répartis, à des niveaux différents, le long du tube (7) et un corps (15) monté coulissant le long du tube (7), en fonction des forces antagonistes qui lui sont appliquées, d'une part par un ressort (17) et, d'autre part par la pression du fluide sortant de l'un des orifices (8), entre une position où le corps (15) recouvre un deuxième orifice (10) et une position où il le dégage. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said means are formed by the fact that the nozzle (6) comprises a tube (7) provided with at least three orifices (8, 9, 10, 11) distributed , at different levels, along the tube (7) and a body (15) slidably mounted along the tube (7), depending on the opposing forces applied to it, on the one hand by a spring (17) and , on the other hand by the pressure of the fluid leaving one of the orifices (8), between a position where the body (15) covers a second orifice (10) and a position where it releases it. 4. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le rapport du volume du réservoir (1) à celui de l'enceinte (A) est inférieur à 0,1 et, de préférence, à 0,02. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the volume of the reservoir (1) to that of the enclosure (A) is less than 0.1 and, preferably, 0.02. 5. Buse, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est telle que définie à la revendication 3.  5. Nozzle, characterized in that it is as defined in claim 3.
FR9211385A 1992-09-24 1992-09-24 Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure with a fluid insufflation nozzle. Expired - Fee Related FR2695832B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9211385A FR2695832B1 (en) 1992-09-24 1992-09-24 Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure with a fluid insufflation nozzle.
FR9405681A FR2702664B1 (en) 1992-09-24 1994-05-09 Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure with a fluid insufflation nozzle.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9211385A FR2695832B1 (en) 1992-09-24 1992-09-24 Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure with a fluid insufflation nozzle.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2695832A1 true FR2695832A1 (en) 1994-03-25
FR2695832B1 FR2695832B1 (en) 1994-11-18

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Family Applications (1)

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FR9211385A Expired - Fee Related FR2695832B1 (en) 1992-09-24 1992-09-24 Fire extinguishing device in an enclosure with a fluid insufflation nozzle.

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FR (1) FR2695832B1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831858A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-08-27 Us Navy Vented plunger atomizer
FR2334032A1 (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-07-01 Dunlop Ltd Rapid action water control for sprinkler systems - with compressed air in sensing system to allow operation at low temperatures
GB1581860A (en) * 1978-05-19 1980-12-31 Secretary Industry Brit Control of fluid flow
US4523718A (en) * 1980-03-03 1985-06-18 Pearson H Alton Showerhead
EP0432082A1 (en) * 1989-12-07 1991-06-12 Allan Kenneth Palsson Pressure sensitive valve

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831858A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-08-27 Us Navy Vented plunger atomizer
FR2334032A1 (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-07-01 Dunlop Ltd Rapid action water control for sprinkler systems - with compressed air in sensing system to allow operation at low temperatures
GB1581860A (en) * 1978-05-19 1980-12-31 Secretary Industry Brit Control of fluid flow
US4523718A (en) * 1980-03-03 1985-06-18 Pearson H Alton Showerhead
EP0432082A1 (en) * 1989-12-07 1991-06-12 Allan Kenneth Palsson Pressure sensitive valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2695832B1 (en) 1994-11-18

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