FR2674364A1 - CABLE WITH LOW COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. - Google Patents
CABLE WITH LOW COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2674364A1 FR2674364A1 FR9103326A FR9103326A FR2674364A1 FR 2674364 A1 FR2674364 A1 FR 2674364A1 FR 9103326 A FR9103326 A FR 9103326A FR 9103326 A FR9103326 A FR 9103326A FR 2674364 A1 FR2674364 A1 FR 2674364A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- sheath
- friction
- manufacturing
- silicone resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/46—Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
- G02B6/50—Underground or underwater installation; Installation through tubing, conduits or ducts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4407—Optical cables with internal fluted support member
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/187—Sheaths comprising extruded non-metallic layers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Le câble est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte autour de sa gaine externe une gaine périphérique de glissement, en matériau composite formé de matière plastique et de résine silicone, formant un surgainage de ladite gaine externe. Application: câble électrique ou optique de télécommunication.The cable is characterized in that it comprises around its outer sheath a peripheral sliding sheath, made of a composite material formed of plastic material and silicone resin, forming an over-sheathing of said outer sheath. Application: electrical or optical telecommunications cable.
Description
Câble à faible coefficient de frottement et procédé et dispositif de fabrication de ce câble.Cable with low coefficient of friction and method and device for manufacturing this cable.
La présente invention concerne un câble électrique ou à fibres optiques en particulier pour leur installation en conduite, ainsi qu'un procédé et dispositif de fabrication de ce câble. The present invention relates to an electric or optical fiber cable in particular for their installation in a pipe, as well as to a method and device for manufacturing this cable.
Dans de nombreux domaines d'application et notamment en télécommunication, les câbles électriques ou à fibres optiques sont en conduite. Ils doivent pouvoir se tirer sur de grandes longueurs, dans les conduites prévues pour les recevoir. I1 convient donc de les faire glisser facilement le long de la paroi interne de la conduite, avec un coefficient de frottement relatif faible vis-à-vis de celle-ci. In many fields of application and in particular in telecommunications, electrical cables or optical fibers are in the pipeline. They must be able to pull themselves over great lengths, in the pipes intended to receive them. It is therefore advisable to slide them easily along the internal wall of the pipe, with a low relative coefficient of friction with respect to the latter.
Dans ce but, on a proposé dans le document DE-A-3734248 de munir la surface interne des conduites d'une couche à faible coefficient de frottement, notamment en matériau compound à base de cire de polyéthylène et de résine silicone, que l'on applique sur ses parois internes peu avant la pose des câbles dans cette conduite. To this end, it has been proposed in document DE-A-3734248 to provide the internal surface of the pipes with a layer with a low coefficient of friction, in particular of compound material based on polyethylene wax and silicone resin, that the it is applied to its internal walls shortly before laying the cables in this pipe.
L'application de cette couche anti-frottement est réalisée par traction ou refoulement dans la conduite d'un bouchon spongieux imprégné d'une émulsion de cire de polyéthylène et de résine silicone.The application of this anti-friction layer is carried out by traction or discharge in the pipe of a spongy plug impregnated with an emulsion of polyethylene wax and silicone resin.
En outre, on peut enduire également le ou les câbles électriques ou à fibres optiques d'une couche de matériau à faible coefficient de frottement analogue, à celui appliqué sur les parois de la conduite au cours de son déroulement du touret de stockage, pour améliorer encore le glissement du ou des câbles. On élimine ensuite le solvant des émulsions, par passage dans les conduits et au contact de la surface des câbles d'air sous pression. In addition, it is also possible to coat the electric or optical fiber cable (s) with a layer of material with a low coefficient of friction similar to that applied to the walls of the pipe during its unwinding of the storage reel, to improve still the sliding of the cable (s). The solvent is then removed from the emulsions by passage through the conduits and in contact with the surface of the pressurized air cables.
I1 est cependant difficile d'obtenir de la sorte des revêtements favorisant un glissement uniforme, sur toute la longueur de la conduite et des câbles qui y sont tirés. Or au cours du tirage des câbles, tout contact de surfaces présentant un coefficient de frottement mutuel élevé risque d'entraîner la détérioration de l'intérieur du câble avec la traction exercée, pouvant conduire à l'endommagement ou la rupture des fibres ou l'allongement des conducteurs de cuivre ou autre du câble. It is however difficult to obtain in this way coatings promoting uniform sliding, over the entire length of the pipe and of the cables which are drawn therein. However, during the pulling of the cables, any contact with surfaces having a high coefficient of mutual friction risks causing deterioration of the interior of the cable with the traction exerted, which can lead to damage or breakage of the fibers or the extension of copper or other conductors of the cable.
La présente invention a pour but d'éviter de tels inconvénients en rendant facile la pose de câbles en conduite, sans nécessiter de grandes précautions et une opération de revêtement sur chantier. The present invention aims to avoid such drawbacks by making it easy to lay cables in the pipeline, without requiring great precautions and a coating operation on site.
Le câble selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte autour de sa gaine externe une gaine périphérique de glissement en matériau composite formé de matière plastique et de résine silicone, un surgainage de la gaine externe. The cable according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises around its outer sheath a peripheral sliding sheath made of composite material formed of plastic and silicone resin, a sheathing of the outer sheath.
Le matériau composite de ladite gaine périphérique est de préférence en polyéthylène, à haut degré de polymèrisation et résistance mécanique élevée, imprégné de résine silicone. The composite material of said peripheral sheath is preferably made of polyethylene, with a high degree of polymerization and high mechanical strength, impregnated with silicone resin.
L'épaisseur de cette gaine périphérique est avantageusement comprise entre 0,5 mm et lmm. The thickness of this peripheral sheath is advantageously between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.
Le procédé de fabrication du câble de l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'on extrude à la suite l'une de l'autre sur la ligne de fabrication du câble sa gaine externe et sa gaine périhérique de glissement. The method of manufacturing the cable of the invention is characterized in that one extrudes one after the other on the cable manufacturing line its outer sheath and its periherical sliding sheath.
Le dispositif de mise en oeuvre de ce procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte sur le trajet de -l'âme du câble à recouvrir une première extrudeuse alimentée en matériau de gainage externe et en aval de celle-ci une deuxième extrudeuse alimentée en matériau composite de surgainage. The device for implementing this process is characterized in that it comprises, on the path of the core of the cable to be covered, a first extruder supplied with external sheathing material and downstream of this a second extruder supplied with composite overglaze material.
Il est décrit ci-après à titre d'exemple et en référence à la figure unique du dessin annexé un câble à fibres optiques selon l'invention. It is described below by way of example and with reference to the single figure of the accompanying drawing a fiber optic cable according to the invention.
Dans cette figure unique le câble est montré en coupe. Il comporte un jonc 1 en matière thermoplastique et un porteur axial métallique 2 lui assurant une bonne résistance à la traction. Le jonc est à rainures hélicoldales 3, dans lesquelles sont disposées des fibres optiques 4. Il définit avec les fibres l'âme de ce câble optique. Il est entouré d'une gaine externe 5 en polyéthylène, elle-même entourée d'une gaine périphérique de surgainage 6, en matériau composite de polyéthylène, à haut degré de polymérisation et résistance mécanique élevée, imprégné de résine silicone. L'épaisseur de cette gaine périphérique est de 0,5 mm à 1 mm, elle donne au câble résultant un très faible coefficient de frottement. In this single figure the cable is shown in section. It comprises a rod 1 made of thermoplastic material and a metal axial carrier 2 ensuring good resistance to traction. The rod has helical grooves 3 in which optical fibers 4 are arranged. It defines with the fibers the core of this optical cable. It is surrounded by an outer sheath 5 of polyethylene, itself surrounded by a peripheral sheathing of outer sheathing 6, made of polyethylene composite material, with a high degree of polymerization and high mechanical strength, impregnated with silicone resin. The thickness of this peripheral sheath is from 0.5 mm to 1 mm, it gives the resulting cable a very low coefficient of friction.
Ce câble est rendu "glissant" sur toute sa longueur. Il peut ainsi être tiré dans n'importe quelle conduite, même de diamètre proche de celui du câble, ceci sans aucune préparation particulière sur le chantier et sans précaution spéciale, avec un effort de tirage réduit. This cable is made "slippery" over its entire length. It can thus be pulled in any pipe, even with a diameter close to that of the cable, without any special preparation on site and without special precautions, with a reduced pulling force.
La gaine de polyéthylène et la gaine périphérique en matériau composite ou d'alliage polyéthylène-résine silicone ont été appliquées sur le jonc par extrusion en tandem, à l'aide d'une première extrudeuse pour la gaine externe et d'une seconde extrudeuse pour le surgainage périphérique final de polyéthylène-résine de silicone. The polyethylene sheath and the peripheral sheath of composite material or of polyethylene-silicone resin alloy were applied to the rod by tandem extrusion, using a first extruder for the external sheath and a second extruder for the final peripheral overglaze of polyethylene-silicone resin.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9103326A FR2674364B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | CABLE WITH LOW COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9103326A FR2674364B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | CABLE WITH LOW COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2674364A1 true FR2674364A1 (en) | 1992-09-25 |
| FR2674364B1 FR2674364B1 (en) | 1996-02-02 |
Family
ID=9410897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9103326A Expired - Fee Related FR2674364B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | CABLE WITH LOW COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2674364B1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6416813B1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2002-07-09 | Pirelli Cables Y Sistemas, S.A. | Method of manufacturing an electrical cable having a reduced coefficient of friction |
| EP0949635B1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2005-01-12 | Pirelli Power Cables and Systems USA, LLC | Pre-lubricated cable and method of manufacture |
| EP1899987A1 (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2008-03-19 | Southwire Company | Electrical cable having a surface with reduced coefficient of friction |
| US7411129B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2008-08-12 | Southwire Company | Electrical cable having a surface with reduced coefficient of friction |
| US7557301B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2009-07-07 | Southwire Company | Method of manufacturing electrical cable having reduced required force for installation |
| US7749024B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2010-07-06 | Southwire Company | Method of manufacturing THHN electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US9200234B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2015-12-01 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US9352371B1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2016-05-31 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US9431152B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2016-08-30 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US10023740B2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2018-07-17 | Southwire Company, Llc | Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant |
| US10056742B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-08-21 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US10325696B2 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2019-06-18 | Southwire Company, Llc | Flexible cable with structurally enhanced conductors |
| US10431350B1 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2019-10-01 | Southwire Company, Llc | Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force |
| US11328843B1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2022-05-10 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2185146A (en) * | 1986-01-08 | 1987-07-08 | Yazaki Corp | Ignition cable |
| JPH01144504A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1989-06-06 | Fujikura Ltd | Insulated cable |
-
1991
- 1991-03-19 FR FR9103326A patent/FR2674364B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2185146A (en) * | 1986-01-08 | 1987-07-08 | Yazaki Corp | Ignition cable |
| JPH01144504A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1989-06-06 | Fujikura Ltd | Insulated cable |
Cited By (54)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0949635B1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2005-01-12 | Pirelli Power Cables and Systems USA, LLC | Pre-lubricated cable and method of manufacture |
| EP0981136B1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2004-04-14 | Pirelli Cables y Sistemas, S.A. | Electrical cable and method and equipment for the obtention thereof |
| US7053308B2 (en) | 1998-08-19 | 2006-05-30 | Pirelli Cables Y Sistemas S.A. | Electrical cable having a reduced coefficient of friction |
| US6416813B1 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 2002-07-09 | Pirelli Cables Y Sistemas, S.A. | Method of manufacturing an electrical cable having a reduced coefficient of friction |
| US7411129B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2008-08-12 | Southwire Company | Electrical cable having a surface with reduced coefficient of friction |
| US11942236B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2024-03-26 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US11527339B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2022-12-13 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US7557301B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2009-07-07 | Southwire Company | Method of manufacturing electrical cable having reduced required force for installation |
| US7749024B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2010-07-06 | Southwire Company | Method of manufacturing THHN electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US8616918B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2013-12-31 | Southwire Company | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US9142336B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2015-09-22 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US12300403B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2025-05-13 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US10706988B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2020-07-07 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US9431152B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2016-08-30 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US10763008B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2020-09-01 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US10763009B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2020-09-01 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US11842827B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2023-12-12 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US11776715B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2023-10-03 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US10763010B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2020-09-01 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US11355264B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2022-06-07 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| US11011285B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2021-05-18 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing electrical cable, and resulting product, with reduced required installation pulling force |
| EP1899988A2 (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2008-03-19 | Southwire Company | Electrical cable having a surface with reduced coefficient of friction |
| EP1899987A1 (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2008-03-19 | Southwire Company | Electrical cable having a surface with reduced coefficient of friction |
| US11046851B2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2021-06-29 | Southwire Company, Llc | Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant |
| US10023740B2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2018-07-17 | Southwire Company, Llc | Electrical cable having crosslinked insulation with internal pulling lubricant |
| US9458404B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2016-10-04 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US11101053B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2021-08-24 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US12300404B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2025-05-13 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US10580551B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2020-03-03 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US9200234B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2015-12-01 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US11783963B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2023-10-10 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US10062475B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2018-08-28 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US11456088B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2022-09-27 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US10276279B1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2019-04-30 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, composition and method of application of same for reducing the coefficient of friction and required pulling force during installation of wire or cable |
| US10325696B2 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2019-06-18 | Southwire Company, Llc | Flexible cable with structurally enhanced conductors |
| US10418156B1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2019-09-17 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US10777338B1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2020-09-15 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US9352371B1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2016-05-31 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US10102947B1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2018-10-16 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US10943713B1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2021-03-09 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US11328843B1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2022-05-10 | Encore Wire Corporation | Method of manufacture of electrical wire and cable having a reduced coefficient of friction and required pulling force |
| US10680418B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-06-09 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US11522348B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2022-12-06 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US12322936B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2025-06-03 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US10847955B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2020-11-24 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US10056742B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-08-21 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US11444440B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2022-09-13 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US12015251B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2024-06-18 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US12176688B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2024-12-24 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US12322937B1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2025-06-03 | Encore Wire Corporation | System, method and apparatus for spray-on application of a wire pulling lubricant |
| US11348707B1 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2022-05-31 | Southwire Company, Llc | Method of manufacturing a non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force |
| US10431350B1 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2019-10-01 | Southwire Company, Llc | Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force |
| US10741310B1 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2020-08-11 | Southwire Company, Llc | Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force |
| US12431266B1 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2025-09-30 | Southwire Company, Llc | Non-circular electrical cable having a reduced pulling force |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2674364B1 (en) | 1996-02-02 |
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