FR2530787A1

FR2530787A1 - High-efficiency greenhouse-effect solar collector.

Info

Publication number: FR2530787A1
Application number: FR8204085A
Authority: FR
Inventors: Solange Louis
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1982-03-11
Filing date: 1982-03-11
Publication date: 1984-01-27

Abstract

High-efficiency greenhouse-effect solar collector characterised by a transparent surface consisting of a succession of hollow dihedrals, the inner walls of which are also lined with grooves in the shape of triangular prisms, which arrangements eliminate the majority of losses through internal or external reflection. These hollow dihedrals are filled with black metal chips which are heated by the sun and impart their heat to a stream of air which itself heats a tube through which a heat-transfer liquid passes. The air cooled in this way is recycled through a corridor situated underneath the body of the collector, which permits operation at a higher temperature. The collector can have its hollow dihedrals aligned on a convex base in order to preserve its efficiency at the extreme positions of the sun.

Description

CAPTEUR SOLAIRE A EFFET DE SERRE A HAUT RENDEIENT. HIGH RENDEIENT GREENHOUSE SENSOR.

La présente invention oonoerne les capteurs solaires à effet de serre.The present invention provides solar collectors with greenhouse effect.

Ces oapteurs ont actuallement une cloison transparente plane ou légèrement bombée du coté du soleil, que ses rayons traversent partiellement, une frac- tion étant perdue par réflexion vers l'extérieur, ou par réflection dans l'épaisseur du vitrage qui s'échauffe inutilement. These sensors currently have a transparent flat or slightly curved partition on the side of the sun, which its rays pass through partially, a fraction being lost by reflection towards the outside, or by reflection in the thickness of the glazing which heats up unnecessarily.

Ces pertes sont particulièrement fortes le matin et le soir, aux grands angles d'incidence. (Fig 1
Le dispositif suivant l'invention permet de diminuer fortement ces pertes et de rentabiliser ce type d'appareil
DESCRIPTION.These losses are particularly strong in the morning and in the evening, at large angles of incidence. (Fig 1
The device according to the invention makes it possible to greatly reduce these losses and to make this type of device profitable.
DESCRIPTION.

La vitre habituelle (V)(Fig 1) est remplacée par une succession de dièdres transparents (D)(Fig 2), dont les côtés sont, le soir et le matin, voisins de la normale aux rayons solairea, donc efficaces au naxians, tout en le restant quand le soleil est au zénith; les rayons réfléchis (Rr),(Fig 3), sont em effet alors également presque perpendiculaires à la cloison qu'ils rencontrent, et la traversent pratiquenent sans perte, l'angle optimum entre les dièdres semblant réunir le maximum d'avantages étant 60 .The usual window (V) (Fig 1) is replaced by a succession of transparent dihedrons (D) (Fig 2), whose sides are, in the evening and in the morning, close to normal to the sun's rays, therefore effective in naxians, while remaining so when the sun is at its zenith; the reflected rays (Rr), (Fig 3), are in effect then also almost perpendicular to the partition which they meet, and pass through it practically without loss, the optimum angle between the dihedrons seeming to bring together the maximum of advantages being 60 .

Malgré ce perfectionnement, une energie notable se perd par réflexion dans l'épaisseur de la transparente, (Fig4), qu'elle échauffe inutile ment. On peut en récupérer une grande partie en moulant en forme de dièdres la face intérieure des cloisons transparentes (FetF@),(Fig 5), selon le mêne principe, adapté aux nécessités de la fabrication. Despite this improvement, a notable energy is lost by reflection in the thickness of the transparency, (Fig4), which it unnecessarily heats up. A large part of it can be recovered by molding in the form of dihedrons the inner face of the transparent partitions (FetF @), (Fig 5), according to the same principle, adapted to the needs of manufacturing.

panneau de dièdres peut être avantageusement bombé(Fig 6), sans in- convénients cette fois,ce qui augmente la surface apparente (S),quand le so- leil est bas sur l'horizon,donc aussi la récupération, pour une augmentation minime du prix. dihedral panel can be advantageously curved (Fig 6), without inconveniences this time, which increases the apparent surface (S), when the sun is low on the horizon, therefore also the recovery, for a minimal increase price.

Pour éviter qu'unie partie des rayons (Rr)(Fig 2) sorte sans avoir été captée, le fond noir du boitier(N),est aussi réalisé en forme de dièdres parallèles aux dièdres transparents(Fig 7).Une réalisation plus siple consiste à rem- plir les dièdres transparents avec des copeaux métalliques noirs,(Fig 8),très perméables à l'air(M).Ces copeaux accumulent la chaleur solaire, que l'on récupère avec un courant d'air,naturel ou provoqué(F),supprimant ainsi les longs tubes a' ailettes et leurs inconvénients.To avoid that a part of the spokes (Rr) (Fig 2) goes out without being picked up, the black background of the case (N), is also made in the form of dihedrons parallel to the transparent dihedrons (Fig 7). consists in filling the transparent dihedrons with black metal shavings, (Fig 8), very breathable (M). These shavings accumulate solar heat, which is recovered with a current of air, natural or caused (F), thus eliminating the long finned tubes and their drawbacks.

PERFECTIONNEMENT SUPPLEMENTAIRE. ADDITIONAL DEVELOPMENT.

L'utilisation de l'air chaud demande des gaines encombrantes et coûteuses. On les évite en le recyclant sous le capteur,au moyen d'un couloir(N1,Fig 9),fai- sant partie intégrante du corps du capteur5 L#air chaud revient à son point de départ après avoir cédé une partie de sa chaleur à un tube situé dans la partie la plus chaude de la veine d'air,et par couru par un liquide caloporteur chargé d'amener la chaleur à l'endroit d'uti- lisation.Latempérature de l'ensemble augmente jusqu'au moment ou le gain d'é
nergie par cycle est équilibré par la chaleur extraite plus les pertes. Onobtien donc aisément de l'air très chaud, plus facile à utiliser,notamment pour la production d'energie mécanique ou électrique. The use of hot air requires bulky and expensive ducts. They are avoided by recycling it under the sensor, by means of a corridor (N1, Fig 9), forming an integral part of the sensor body5 The hot air returns to its starting point after having given up some of its heat to a tube located in the hottest part of the air stream, and through a heat transfer liquid responsible for bringing heat to the place of use. The temperature of the assembly increases until the moment or the gain of e
energy per cycle is balanced by the heat extracted plus the losses. Very hot air is therefore easily obtained, which is easier to use, in particular for the production of mechanical or electrical energy.

Claims

CLAIMS. I.) Solar collector characterized by the fact that its transparent part consists of a succession of transparent dihedrons which eliminate most of the losses by reflection, 2) Solar collector according to I, characterized by the fact that the internal face of the diedres is also furnished solid dihedrons molded in the trap to eliminate most of the absorption losses in the transparent wall. 30) Solar collector according to I and 2, characterized in that the angle of the base of the dihedrons is approximately 60. ta) Solar collector according to I, 2 and 3, characterized by the fact that the mortars are placed or aligned on a domed base, keeping its effectiveness at low sun positions.

5) Solar collector according to I, 2, 3, and 4, characterized in that the black background capturing the sun's rays in the form of dihedrons parallel to the transparent dihedrons.

60) Solar collector according to I ", 2, 30, 4 and 5, characterized in that the transparent dihedrons can be filled with black shavings which are very permeable to air, and responsible for capturing the heat.

7) Solar collector according to I, 2, 3, 4 ", 5 and 60, characterized by a tube located in the hottest part and traversed by a heat transfer liquid responsible for bringing heat to the place of use.