FR2528381A1

FR2528381A1 - Variable geometry type sail - of aerofoil section using two surfaces and baton support structure

Info

Publication number: FR2528381A1
Application number: FR8210543A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: GERIN JEAN MARC
Current assignee: GERIN JEAN MARC
Priority date: 1982-06-11
Filing date: 1982-06-11
Publication date: 1983-12-16

Abstract

The twin sheet sail (1) is made rigid by two sets of supple batons (5) supported by a support structure. The support structure consists of a pivoting mast (2) and shells (4) solidly attached to the mast, and a pivoted boom (3). Two identical sails are used, with one sail draped over the arch support. The sail may be raised by a hoist rope (6) and may include an elastic edge (7). The mast and shells pivot about a vertical axis between a base pivot (10) and one at the mast head (11), using a lever (12) for movement.

Description

DESCRIPTION
La présente invention conçerne un type de voilure utilisant le vent pour propulser tout engin destiné à la navigation à voile
Jusqu'à présent la propulsion des voiliers est assurée par une voile enverguée derrière un mat ou étais . Cette solution permet les maneuvres néçessaires à la conduite d'un voilier ( changement d'amure , réduction , ferlage ) mais possède un rendement aérodynamique trés faible comparé à çeux obtenus dans d'autres domaines tels que l'aviation , le vol à voile ourle vol libre ( deltaplane ).DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a type of sail using the wind to propel any device intended for sailing.
Until now the propulsion of sailboats is ensured by a sail sent behind a mast or prop. This solution allows the maneuvers necessary for driving a sailboat (change of tack, reduction, hitching) but has a very low aerodynamic performance compared to those obtained in other fields such as aviation, gliding hemmed free flight (hang gliding).

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet , tout en conserve ant les avantages de la voilure traditionelle , de mettre en plaçe un profil épais , de caractéristiques aérodynamiques analogues aux ailes à double surfaçe utilisées en vol libre. The device according to the invention makes it possible, while retaining the advantages of the traditional airfoil, to set up a thick profile, of aerodynamic characteristics analogous to the double-surfaced wings used in free flight.

Le dispositif est composé de deux parties différentes dont les roles sont complémentaires ; la structure et la voilure
La structure est composée d'un mât pivotant autour d'un ''?'- vrtical à l'aide d'un levier horizontal , d'un espar horizontal ( bame ou wisbome ) et de coques de forme déterminée , fixées le long du mt au niveau de chaque couple de lattes ( voir çi-dessous )
La voilure joue le r8Re de peau en envellopant intégralement la structure qui fait offiçe de squelette . Cette voilure est réalisée en assemblant le guindant de deux voiles identiques . Deux jeu de lattes souples viennent raidir chacune des deux voiles horizontalement , de la chute au guindant .Les fourreaux , réalisés par le recouvrement des laizes de tissus , correspondent à l'emplacement des coques du mgt
Lorsque l'on maneuvre le levier , le mat pivote sur son axe et les coques viennent ainsi forcer sur la partie avant des lattes souples d'extrados , créant ainsi la cambrure recherchée .En maneuvrant le levier avec plus ou moins d'amplitude , on obtient une game de profils allant des profils creux de type EIFFEL 400 aux profils convexes de de type CLARK-Y
Lors du changement d'amure , il suffit d'inverser le profil en maneuvrant le levier de l'autre coté
La figure I représente une vue de coté de l'aile
La figure 2 represente une coupe horizonthale de 1g aile en ordre de marche " Tribord amure "
La figure 3 représente une vue perspective d'une coque montée sur le mat
La figure 4 représente la coupe suivant A - A' d'une coque
Le dispositif représenté sur la figure I comporte
- un mat pivotant (2) entre une articulation de pont (IO) et une articulation de tète de mat (II) et sur lequel sont fixées des coques (4)
- une bôme (3) articulée sur le mat (2)
- une double voilure (I) rigidifiée par des lattes souples (5) de la chute (7) au guindant (6)
La coupe horizontale représentée sur la figure X 2 montre le dispositif en ordre de marche tw Tribord amure ". Les coques cambrent les lattes(5) de l'extrados (9) alors que l'intrados (8) reste droit . Cet effet est obtenu en maneuvrant le levier (I2) dans le sens indiqué par la flèche .La maneuvre inverse permet dwobtenir le profil symétrique " sabord amure
La figure 3 montre en agrendissement une vue perspective d'une coque (4) fixée sur le mat (2)
La coupe A - A' représentée sur la figure 4 montre la position du mat (2) et d'une coque (4) par rapport

aux deux voiles d'intrados ( 8) et d' extrados (9) et leur assemblage par rieur guindant (6)
La réalisation d'un tel dispbsitif peut ètre executé à l'aide de proçédés classiques . Les coques peuvent ètre réalisées en fibre de verre ou en tube d'aluminium ainsi que le mat dont les fixations sont réalisées par soudure ou rivetage
La voilure est réalisée en tissu synthétique tel que
Polyester ou Dacron
L'utilisation d'une telle voilure se justifie dans tous les cas où l'on a besoin de performances élevées pour un minimum de surfaçe de voile The system is made up of two different parts whose roles are complementary; structure and airfoil
The structure consists of a mast pivoting around a ''? '- vrtical using a horizontal lever, a horizontal spar (bame or wisbome) and shells of determined shape, fixed along the mt at the level of each pair of slats (see below)
The wing plays the skin r8Re by fully enveloping the skeleton-like structure. This canopy is made by assembling the luff of two identical sails. Two sets of flexible slats stiffen each of the two sails horizontally, from the fall to the luff.
When the lever is operated, the mast pivots on its axis and the shells thus force on the front part of the flexible upper slats, thus creating the desired camber. By operating the lever with more or less amplitude, we obtains a set of profiles going from hollow profiles of type EIFFEL 400 to convex profiles of type CLARK-Y
When changing tack, simply reverse the profile by operating the lever on the other side
Figure I shows a side view of the wing
Figure 2 shows a horizontal section of 1g wing in working order "Starboard tack"
Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a shell mounted on the mast
Figure 4 shows the section along A - A 'of a shell
The device shown in Figure I includes
- a pivoting mast (2) between a bridge joint (IO) and a mast head joint (II) and on which hulls are fixed (4)
- a boom (3) articulated on the mast (2)
- a double wing (I) stiffened by flexible slats (5) from the fall (7) to the luff (6)
The horizontal section shown in Figure X 2 shows the device in working order tw Starboard tack ". The hulls arch the slats (5) of the upper surface (9) while the lower surface (8) remains straight. obtained by operating the lever (I2) in the direction indicated by the arrow. The reverse operation allows dwobtain the symmetrical profile "tack port
Figure 3 shows in enlargement a perspective view of a shell (4) fixed to the mast (2)
Section A - A 'shown in Figure 4 shows the position of the mat (2) and a shell (4) relative

to the two lower sails (8) and upper sails (9) and their assembly by a hoist laugher (6)
The realization of such a device can be carried out using conventional procedures. The hulls can be made of fiberglass or aluminum tube as well as the mat whose fastenings are made by welding or riveting
The blade is made of synthetic fabric such as
Polyester or Dacron
The use of such a wing is justified in all cases where high performance is required for a minimum sail area.

Claims

1) Device allowing the establishment of an aerodynamic propulsion plan of the thick type, characterized in that it comprises a double wing (1) stiffened by two sets of slats (5) and a structure na now, composed of '' a swiveling mast (2), of crowds (4) integral with the mast (2) intended to put into the slats (5) of the upper surface (5) and of an articulated spar (B) (boom or ishbone) .

2) wing (i) made of synthetic fabric according to claim 1, characterized by the assembly of two identical sails, a lower surface sail (a) and an upper surface sail (9), sewn together by the luff (6) and held by elastic bands on the chute (7).

3) Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that two sets of flexible battens (5) rigidify independently each of the sails (a) and (9) from the fall (7) to the luff (S) with each overlap of tlssus strips.

4) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the mat assembly (2) cuckold (4) pivots along a vertical axis, between an articulation of nont (10) and an articulation of head of t (11) receiving the guying, by means of a lever (12).

5) Hulls (4) fixed to the mast (2) according to claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that they are located at the level of each pair of slats (5) so as to inflict a res sion on the slats d 'upper surface (9) by rotating the mast (2), until the desired aerodynamic profile is obtained.

6) Device according to the preceding claims taken as a whole, characterized by the positioning of the structure inside the two webs (8) and (9), the mat (2) applied against the luff seam (6), the hulls directed towards the fall of the wing (7).

7) Device according to claims 1, 4 and 6 daractérisé in that the spars (3) (boom or wishbone) holding the listening points (13) of the two sails is independent of the mast assembly (2) hulls ( 4)

8) Device according to claims 1, 2, 4,5, and 6 characterized by the adjustment of the thickness of the profile by means of the lever (12) so as to vary the aerodynamic characteristics depending on the force of the wind.