FR2579303A2 - Thermosolar intertia method - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermosolar method allowing any construction to be heated, store the heat, and be air conditioned by means of solar energy. The figure illustrates the general structure, which has a north/south axis of symmetry A and an east/west axis of symmetry B. The southern facade takes the form of 2 south-east and south-west facades. The structure includes: - a main wall 1; - a stabilising wall 2; - north thermal insulation; - thermal insulation of the ceiling 6; - an insulator 17 in which a hot water duct is embedded, a glazed wall permeable to solar rays 15, a hot air extractor and a storage reservoir for solar-heated water 21. Applicable to any architectural shapes. Produced in prefabricated elements.

Description

 The present invention relates to a thermosolar process in the fields of construction and energy saving, examples: individual or collective habitats, public buildings, industrial and commercial premises, etc.

 The prior art in this field has a limited field of application, the existing processes are artisanal and complicated, with a low energy efficiency, a high realization cost, they only apply to particular architecural forms. the energetic and thermal plan, the previous processes create an overheating of the premises in the summer and a phase of heating rather slow the hlver, the absorbed solar energy can not be stored in the mass of the construction, the thermal inertia is weak, the mode Although heating is not passive, it is not carried out on an industrial scale or in regions with large variations in temperature and degree of sunshine. Previous processes do not have thermally and phonetically and antiseismically insulating strata.

 The thermosolar process object of the invention has solved all the technical and scientific problems in the prior processes mentioned above. It allows any construction to heat, store heat, and air-conditioning by means of solar energy. This procedure prolongs the life of conventional or project constructions by the automatic removal of residual water and moisture in the water. the walls, the floor, the ceilings, the walls masters, ect ... This process is realized in prefabricated elements on the industrial scale, or in situ if it is a work, it adapts to all site very hot the summer sou very frtd the winter, and with all architectural forms.

The thermosolar process characterizing the invention applies to any construction whatever its use and whatever its shape. Figure: 24. The detailed perspective represented by the figure: (I) illustrates the general structure of the thermosolar process which is characterized by its shape at the base, which has a north-south axis of symmetry (A) and an axis of symmetry east-west (B) .The facade (south) is materialized by two facades south-east and south-west.Ce process is composed of the following elements:
I. Main part which represents the walls masters, it is made of heavy material with important thermal inertia, this material is absorbent and emulsive of the heat. This wall is also realized in prefabricated elements in current building materials or in metallic panels. Highly sunny sites The main wall consists of lighter materials and less absorbers and heat emmerssifs.

2. Stabilizing wall, this wall completely or partially envelops the main wall (I), it is formed of a layer of air on the one hand insulator and secondly temperature stabilizer.

3. North thermal insulation, in very hot summer areas, this insulation can be removed. It is fixed at a distance from the main wall (I).

4. Wall outer protective envelope, it is made of masonry materials, concrete mixers, or prefabricated metal elements, wood, or resin-based.or glass.

5. Hot air evacuation holes arranged in the upper part of the north facade, these holes are detailed in Figures (5) and (6).

6. Ceiling made of heavy or light materials.

7. Thermal insulation of the ceiling (6).

 8, all return air from the inside to heat towards the stabilizing air layer (2) then to the insolator (I7), these return holes are detailed in the figures (9), (I0), (II), (12).

 9. Hot air inlet holes of the insolator (17) inward to heat the details of these vessels is shown in Figures (13). (14).

 10. Hot air discharge windows from the insolator (I7) to the outside.

 II. return of outside fresh air intake during periods of air conditioning in the insolator (17).

I2. Hot water pipe encase in the insolator (I7), this pipe is connected to a storage tank (21) inside
It's the structure.

I3. Thermal insulation of the soil, this insulation is replaced in some cases by a simple bed of pebbles which, on the one hand decreases the surface of heat exchange with the ground, and on the other hand slows the rise of the residual waters of the ground towards the base slab (I4) and the rest of the walls.

 I. Basic slab made of solid material, inert, absorptive and heat emitting.

 IE. Glass wall, permeable to the sun's rays which penetrate inside the building itself or they are absorbed by the slab (I4) and partitions. The window (I5) is made of single glazing, double glazing, or insulating glazing shown by the figure (20).

I6. Stabilizing air wall between the wall (I) and the insolator (I7), this wall (I6) is communicating with the stabilizing air wall (2).

I7. Insulator absorber of solar rays, the detail of the structure of this insolator is represented by figures (4) and (22)
I. Upper ducts of the insolator (17) where the hot air is trapped and sucked by the ventilator (20) towards the premises to be heated.

 19. Window of the insolator (I7).

20. Hot-air aspirator, from line (I8) of the insolator (I7) to the inputs (a).

21. Solar hot water storage tank.

A. Axis of North-South sharing and symmetry
B. axis of sharing and east-west symmetry
Structure of the insolator covering the facades (south) of the overall structure fig: (I) and which is composed of the absorber (I7), the window (I9), and the pipe (I8).

This insolator is represented by the figure:> (4) which shows the overall structure of a prefabricated solar panel intended to be fixed directly on the south-east-south-west facades of 1 & fig (I) and on all other constructions whatever their forms and their uses, existing or projects.

 The nenolator (4) is composed of: Ventilation windows (2), outer casing taroi (3) of the air duct cu, thermal insulation and watertightness (4), inner wall (5) I the air duct hot mounting holes (6) of the insolator on the masts walls, profilet of assembly and centering (9), fixation of the bottom of the insolator (II), vrtre (I2) sinu glazing, double glazing, or glazed fig (20), absorber of solar rayors (I5) the corrugated form decreases by half the radiation heat losses to the outside. Heat exchange part (16).

Gasket (I8) .Heat air path (I8) and () Fresh air trap (13). Stabilizing air wall (7) .or master (IO). Limit of the master (I). Solar beams (I4).

The same insolator without the hot air duct is represented by Fig. (22), in this same figure the seal (6) is consolidated by the metal frame (5).

In the air conditioning phase, Figures (5) and (6) show the hot air outlets, and Figures (7) and (8) show the fresh air inlet.

In the heating phase, the figures (9.IO.II.I2) show the different possibilities of return of the air to be recycled from inside the premises to the insolator. Figures (I3.I4: I5) represent the possibilities of hot air inlets from the insulator to the interior to be heated. In the eleven - last cases, the indexes 1,2,3,4 are relative to the figure (I), and the points 5,6 are respectivements the orifices of entries and exits of the air, and the trajectory of this air.

Fig. (16) shows a building in thermosolar thermal-thermal structural panels with a south-east-south-east facade and as facade elements, the insolator (I) and (5), the windows (6), the terrace glass (2) and (3), the balcony (4), all floors of this construction are self-sufficient thermally and architecturally.

its thermosolar process applies to any architecture whatever its use.

 House thermosolairefig: (I7) avectoiture (5), insolator sudest (I) sunrise, insolator sua-west. (2), sunset, glass (3) permeable solar raoyns and thermally insulating, windows (4) .This house is intended for snow-covered areas.

 Thermosollire house for very sunny and snow-free areas, fig: (I8).

 Construction model mounted in prefabricated elements: (19).

whose elements are relative to fig: (2It, and to the indexes of the insolator fig: (4), this model is also composed of the insolator (fig: (2I), the aspirator of hot air ( 6), the hot air duct (6) and (7) with the outlets (4), the return duct (I6) with the inlets (I5) is connected to the insolator, the hot air trajectories and fees are respectively (8) and (14).

the solar hot water storage method is applied to this prefabricated prototype.

 The insulating glass (20) is composed of two thin glass walls (6) and (S) and an insulating wall (7) made of resin that is tranparent to the sun's rays, this wall returns the thermal rayoms (I) to the interior (2) .The solar ray (3) is partially reflected (5) penetrates into the interior (4).

 The insulating wall FIG: (2I) is composed of the insulation (2), the outer plate (I), the inner plate (4), the assembly profile (3), the positioning and fixing slide (5). ) surrounded by the seal (6).

 The insulating wall (fig: 23) is composed later of the pane (I) and the corrugated plate (2), and internally of the corrugated plate (7) and the vacuum (5) between which is housed the thermal insulation (6). ), the assembly is assembled by the profilet (4) and fixed-on the slide (8) with the sealing gasket (3) .This wall has triple insulation constitut an exel thermal barrier.

Figure (24) represents some constructive forms
all the uses on which the thermosolar processes are applicable the first example has been the object of this invention figure: (I) .This process used in structural-thermal shells is the object of construction of a set of structures in shells The spherical thermosolar structure of the apparent architecture represents the set of planets in the solar system: (25).

The principle of operation of the process is shown in Fig. (I) is defined by two phases. The first phase -ig: (2) shows the principle of heating and storage of the cnele ^ ar, and stabilization of the temperature.

At sunrise, the south-east facade receives the first solar rays which, crossing the window (19) fig: (I) are absorbed by the insolator (I7) fig: (I) and converted into heat, instantaneously the air between the glass and the insolator is heated in turn in contact with the absorber and undergoes a natural ascent to the trap pipe (I8) or a contact thermostat actuates the vacuum (20) which sucks this hot air to the inlet (23) then towards the interior of the volume to be heated. During this time the layer of stabilizing air (I6) fig: (I) takes the temperature of the rear face of the absorber (I7) fig: (I ) which causes a continuous movement between the stabilizing air layer (2) fig: :( I) and this layer, thus, the temperature of the wall (I) rises gradually in a uniform manner thanks to the hot air which sweeps its external apparent surface.The air to recycle (22) returns through the orifices (8) fig: (I) to the layer of air reading stand (2) or directly down the insolator of or the TR At the same time and for the rest of the day, the sun's rays pass through the window (I5) and enter the building, bringing on the one hand the light and on the other hand the heat which will be Absorbed by the slab (14) fig: :( I) then restored by radiation, conduction and convection to the rest of the walls.When the sun is southwest the same heating operation that the sunrise is repeated.At noon solar the entire southern facade receives the maximum solar energy input. Thus during this sunny day, without dephasing and uniformly the heat accumulated is stored throughout the mass of the building to be restored at night. The heating mode is exclusively thermal radiation (thermal radiation), to report that the Inertial radiation temperature is essentially the same as that of the day. With the stabilizing air layer (2) fig: (I) and the thermal insulation (3) fig:: (I), the process can be dispensed with extra heating during cloudy days.

 The solar hot water pipes (I2) fig-- (I) embedded in the insolator allow this water staccumulated in the storage tank (2I) .The perfect symmetry of the south-east proceeds south-oues-t to that it satisfies the fundamental laws of the thermal which are the stability and the liberty.

The air conditioning phase: (3) is carried out as follows,
In summer the sun is usually vertical, the insolators are also in the vertical position which decreases the incident solar rays. At the end of the summer proeede and maintain the peripheral vacuum openings (I0) of the air wall (2) up and down north side, and the orifices (I2) and (II) up and down. bottom of the insolator south coast, thus, the hot air (29) and (28) is naturally evacuated by calling the outside air (30), the master walls are then ventilated the day and rafreehis the night. In very hot regions, a solar reflector curtain is installed behind the windows of the collectors and the windows with direct rays. The master walls can be made lighter with low thermal inertia.

Claims (9)

I of the main patent, characterized in that it consists of fig: north symmetry south (A) and a symetry is west (B) .The south facade has one or more insolators south-east south-west, and from a south-south-east-southwest window.  I) thermosolar inertia method according to claim  2) thermosolar inertia method according to claim I characterized in that it is applicable to all forms of construction whatever the use, whatever the architectural form and some are the region and the site. Some forms are represented by fig :( 24).  3) thermosolar inertia process according to the claims I and 2 characterized in that the insolators are composed of the absorber (17), the window (i9), and the pipe (18) of fig: (I). They are made of prefabricated elements in the form of panels fig: (4) and (22), the absorber (17) has a corrugated section (I5) consolidated by a rear plate (I6) fig: (4).  4) thermosolar inertia method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the pipe (18) fig: (I) communicates with the vacuum cleaner (20) and then with the peripheral pipes nords fig: 13.14.15, the bottom of llinsolateur and the wall (I6) communicate with the lower peripheral pipes north fig: 9.IO.II.I2. The hot air inlets in the construction are the orifices (9) and the return of cold air the orifices (8).  5) thermosolar inertia method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the ventilation of the constructon is effected by the lower outer openings north and south fig: 7 and 8, and the outer periphéric openings in the upper zone fig: 6 and 5, the ventilation holes of the insolator are (1o) and (II) fig: I. The wall (2) communicates with the wall of air (I6) south side fig: I  6) Thermo -olar inertia method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is applicable to the prototypesde houses fig: I7 and I8, and collective buildings fig: I6. I1 is also used in prefabricated prototypes fig: 19 made with solar panels fig (22) and insulating panels fig: (2I) and (23) .cesfig panels: (23) are composed of thermal insulation between two plates with sections These panels in some eas replace the walls (3) and (4) fig: (I) andassemblentpar slides (5) and (6) fig: (21).  7) thermosolar inertia method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the 3prototype préfriquéfig: (19) is internally constituted by inner superior hot air lines (S) communicating with the aspirator (6) and the top of the insolator (7) .The fresh air ducts (IE) communicate with the bottom of the insolator (I4)  8) thermosolar inertia method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that any of the windowsfig process: (I) is achievable with a thermally insulating pane and permeable to solar radiation fig: (20) compound a resin-based transparent wall (6) housed between two thin glass plates (7) and (8). These insulating glass panes are used in doors and windows.  9) thermosolar inertia method according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that a solar reflector curtain is housed between the windows (I) and absorbers (I7) insolatorsFig: (I), fig: (4) , fig: (22), these curtains are also used behind direct solar radiation windows. These reflectors are placed in summer and pulled in winter.