FR2570421A1 - DEVICE AND METHOD FOR BUILDING BUILDINGS OR OTHERWISE BEFORE HAVE GOOD CHARACTERISTICS OF DUCTILITY - Google Patents

Abstract

THE SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION RELATES IN PARTICULAR TO THE TECHNICAL SECTOR OF GENERAL STRUCTURES OF BUILDINGS, WALLS, ROOFS, FLOORS, CEILINGS ... BUILDINGS OR SIMILAR CONSTRUCTIONS FOR SPECIAL JOBS. THIS DEVICE INCLUDES ESSENTIALLY IN A COMBINATION: GROUND SUPPORTS 1 WITH AT LEAST TWO VERTICAL RIBS OR WINGS 1A AND 1B BETWEEN WHICH THE REINFORCED CONCRETE IS FLOWED; SELF-ASSEMBLING PARALLELEPIPEDIC PROFILE BLOCKS OF DIFFERENT TYPES 2; BLOCKS 4 CONFORM TO SECTION TO ALLOW THE CASTING OF CONCRETE WITHOUT ANY DISCONTINUITY; SUPPORTING BEAMS PROFILED IN THE FORM OF AN INVERTED T AND LIKELY TO COOPERATE WITH A CORRESPONDING PART OF THE BLOCKS, IN PARTICULAR BLOCKS 4; ELEMENTS PLAN ALVEOLES 8 COOPERATING IN SUPPORT WITH THE WINGS OF BEAMS 7 TO ACT AS FLOOR SLABS, CEILING, ROOF; TILES 12 CONFORMED TO BE FIXED ON SLABS POSITIONED IN COMBINATION WITH THE BEAMS 7. THE INVENTION IS IN PARTICULAR USED FOR THE REALIZATION OF ALL TYPES OF BUILDINGS THAT MUST RESIST SEISMIC ZONES WITH THE NECESSARY DUCTILITY.

Description

- 1-

  The subject of the invention is a device and method for

  truction for the realization of buildings or others having to

  good ductility characteristics.

  The object of the invention relates in particular to the technical sector of the general structures of buildings, walls, roofs, floors, ceilings ... buildings or similar constructions

for particular jobs.

  Modular blocks made of concrete or any other material are known

  material that can be molded, shaped to allow the erection of the exterior walls of buildings as well as internal partitions. Blocks have also been proposed, some of the faces of which have recessed and raised arrangements capable of cooperating with complementary arrangements of adjacent blocks. These provisions allow self-assembly of

  blocks in rectilinear and / or angular alignment by deleting

  if any binder. The top and / or bottom faces can

  also have complementary means consistent with

  allow positioning in juxtaposition of the blocks.

  For example, French patent 2,432,588 can be cited.

  the applicant of which is also the owner of the present application.

  Such a method of construction finds a particular application

  advantageously, although not limiting, in the zones

  nomic. However, to date, has not been solved, at least not in satisfactory conditions, the problem of floors, slabs, roofing elements, so that the whole of the

  construction, once completed, does not have any characteristics

  sufficient and able to withstand seismic zones with the

ductility necessary.

  In view of this state of affairs, the object of the invention is to provide, in a simple and rational manner, the realization of a construction device which implements different types of

  blocks and elements that can be combined with one another and

  to the construction of very good ductility characteristics.

  - 2 - As a result, under the effect of an earthquake, the whole

  of the building is likely to play by elasticity without

  to crack and break, which is the case of constructions

  traditional fully rigid.

  The device and the method of construction, as defined

  in the claims, also make it possible to

  how big is its size, by anyone not in need

  a special qualification and without special tools.

  For this purpose, according to the method of the invention, there are on the ground, the support pads constituting the base peripheral belt of the building; these soles are filled with reinforced concrete,

  builds walls and partitions of different types of building blocks

  self-assembling yarns, without any binder; slabs are made

  floors, ceilings and roofs by means of:

  spun in abutment on beams cooperating with a corresponding part

  blocks constituting a continuous peripheral belt

  naked; reinforced concrete is poured into the corner blocks which are in vertical communication, as well as in the rows of blocks located peripherally at the level of the floors and the roof; We dispose,

  in combination with the beams receiving the constituent elements

the slab of the roof, tiles.

  For the implementation of the method, the device comprises in combination essentially:

  - footing pads with at least two ribs

  vures or vertical wings between which is poured the reinforced concrete ,.

  self-assembling parallelepipedic profiled blocks of different types, blocks shaped in section to allow the pouring of a concrete without any discontinuity,

  - profiled support beams in the form of a T

  poured and capable of cooperating with a corresponding part of the blocks, - planar planar elements cooperating in support with the

  joists of the beams to act as floor slabs,

  bottom, roof, - 3 - - shaped tiles to be fixed on battens

  positioned in combination with the beams.

  These and other characteristics will emerge from the

following the description.

  For the purpose of the invention, but without limiting it, in the attached drawings:

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view, with sectional sections

  showing an example of construction made according to the method and device, - Figure 2 is a partial perspective view showing the angular assembly, in various combinations, walls,

  FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are perspective views illus-

  more particularly the assembly and positioning of the blocks with the ground support pads,

  FIG. 6 is a profile view corresponding to the

Figure 5

  FIGS. 7 and 8 are perspective views of

  planar slats for forming the floor, ceiling and roof slabs; - Fig. 9 is a front view of the element shown in Figs. 7 and 8;

  FIG. 10 is a side view corresponding to the

  FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the beam cooperating in particular with the flat honeycomb elements, FIG. 12 is a front view of the beam, FIG.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view corresponding to FIG.

  FIG. 14 is a front view in section illustrating the positioning of the honeycomb elements with the beams, FIG. 15 is a view similar to FIG.

  the passage of filiform objects in combination with the elements

véolaires,

  FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the assembly

  and the positioning of the beams and honeycomb elements; FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a tile,

  FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a con-

  formed to ensure the coupling of two tiles in juxtaposition, - figure 19 shows by front and side views, the tile,

  - Figure 20 shows in front and side views, the

Element of coupling of the tiles,

  FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the posi-

several tiles,

  FIG. 22 is a perspective view illustrating the

  floor tiles in combination with the beams,

  - Figures 23 to 34 illustrate with perspective views.

  Examples of embodiments of the main profile blocks of the device are shown in Figs. 35 to 36, which are perspective views showing the method of construction according to the invention; Figs. 37 and 38 are perspective views. of another preferred embodiment of the self-assembling blocks, - Figure 39 is a sectional and plan view considered

  along line 39-39 of Figure 37.

  In order to make the subject of the invention more concrete, it is now described in a nonlimiting manner with reference to the

  examples of realizations of the figures of the drawings.

  At the base of the device are placed on the ground elements of support flanges (1) positioned in juxtaposition in rectilinear alignment and in various angular orientations at right angles

  in particular, to constitute a closed peripheral belt (

  re 23). These sole elements (1) are shaped and arranged to, on the one hand, act as foundations to the building and, on the other hand, allow the assembly and positioning of various self-assembling profiled blocks.

  In effect, these bearing blocks (1) have a trans-

  U-shaped with two vertical wings in the middle part

  rectilinear lines (la) and (Ib) extending parallel to the outer wings

  dull (lc) of the U-shaped profile thus delimiting three internal lanes - 5 (ld), (le) and (if). The different elements of sole are either located in excavations (Figure 1) or directly on the ground (Figure 4) depending on the state of the ground and the nature of the construction. On the inner wings (la) and (lb) are mounted, position-

  the various self-assembling profiled blocks

  as a whole by (B). The width of the blocks (B) is also

  the outer spacing of the wings (la) and (lb).

  The longitudinal edges of the wings (1a) and (1b) may

  lay out arrangements (la1) and (lb2) such as grooves capable of cooperating with complementary arrangements formed at the base

  and in combination with the block edges (B). The main types

  Most of the blocks are shown in a more specific way -

trimmed in Figures 23 to 34.

  In a known manner, each block (B), made of concrete, clay or

AT. .m-. Creu s.d.

  any other material, to a parallelepipedic shape. iarmi these dif-

  For these blocks, it is necessary to distinguish: - from blocks or base modules (2) internally divided by a transverse wall (2a) delimiting two open internal cavities (2b) of the same dimensioning. The basic modules are essentially of two types depending on whether they must be self-assembled in straight alignment or angularly at 90. In the first case, the two transverse faces of the blocks (2), each have complementary male-female arrangements, (2c-2d) for self-assembly of said blocks by nesting (Figure 4 and 31 for example). In the second case, to constitute

  corner blocks, at least one of the transverse faces of the block (2)

  also feels arrangements (2c) and / or (2d) while one or

  the two lateral faces of said blocks, present vertically

  ns the median axis of one of the internal cavities (2b), a recessed complementary recess and / or relief (2e) corresponding to the

  male-female parts (2c) - (2d) (Figure 30).

  blocks (3) which are hollow and equal to one half-module of

  base (2). In the same way as the blocks (2), the transverse faces

  the blocks (9) have complementary male and / or female fingerprints (3a) and (3b) capable of cooperating by nesting -6-

  with fingerprints (2c), (2d) and (2e) (Figures 32 and 33).

  - blocks (4), of U cross section and intended

  to be positioned peripherally at the level of

  bottom or roof, superimposed blocks (2) and (3). The width of the blocks (4) is equal to the width of the blocks (2) and (3). Among the blocks (4), it is essential to distinguish between straight blocks (4a), L-shaped corner blocks (4b) and blocks

  T-sections (4c) (Figures 28, 29 and 32). The transverse ends

  dirty blocks (4) not being closed but completely open,

  after mounting said blocks in juxtaposition, it appears

  tinuity. cross-shaped blocks (5) and (6). These blocks (5)

  Figure 26), are hollow and closed over their entire perimeter.

  be. The four transverse faces of these blocks, in the same way as the blocks (2), (3) and in a complementary manner, have male and / or female imprints (5a) capable of cooperating by interlocking with the corresponding shapes ( 2c), (2d), (2e),

  (3a), (3b) of said blocks (2) and (3).

  Blocks (6), (FIGS. 24 and 25), are of transverse section

  U-shaped and designed to be positioned peripherally at

  veal slabs, ceilings or roof, in combination with the blocks (4). The transverse faces of the blocks (6) are open to be in communication with the blocks (4). We note that blocks (5) and (6) participate in the construction of walls or partitions

  separation interiors or contiguous buildings.

  The different blocks (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) allow

  the training of walls and partitions, according to

  multiple gules (Figure 2). No binder is needed for

  to assemble them both horizontally and vertically

  tical. For this purpose, FIGS. 37 to 39 show a form of embodiment

  preferred arrangement of male-female complementary arrangements for

  the interlocking self-assembly of the blocks (2), (3), (5) and (6).

  FIGS. 37 to 39 show a basic module (2) with two open internal cavities (2b), being very obvious that this embodiment of self-assembly applies to the cross-shaped blocks (5). - 7 -

  One of the transverse faces of the block presents vertical-

  symmetrically, two indentations in dovetail (2f) while the other transverse face presents, in a

  complementary, two embossed dovetail imprints (2g).

  The upper part of the transverse end faces e & t of the transverse partition wall is recessed in (2h) so that,

  after superimposition of the blocks, there remains a

  communicating all the blocks of the same

  Gee. This allows, for example, the installation of di-

paid.

  For centering, after superimposition of the different blocks, the longitudinal edges of the latter, can present, of a

  known manner, complementary ribs and grooves. Optionally

  the depth of the ribs and grooves can be determined

  in combination, after assembly in superimposed

  tion, a recessed part placing the blocks of the same row in communication. In the case of angle blocks, the pair of complementary ribs and grooves ---- is also formed on one or both lateral faces facing the internal cavity. (FIG. 38) The realization of the slabs at the level of the ground, ceilings

  and the roof, is made by means of beams (7) and ele-

  flat elements (8) in combination with the blocks (B) (Figures 1 and 2).

  As shown in particular in Figures 11, 12 and 13, the beams (7) are transversely profiled in the form of a T

  overturned and may be internally armed with longitudinal irons

  naux (9). These beams, especially in the case of building

  a slab at the ceilings, cooperate with the blocks (4).

  For this purpose one or both side faces of some of the blocks (4) have a cutout allowing the engagement and passage of the beam (7) whose horizontal flange (7a) rests in the bottom

  said blocks (4) (Figures 5, 6 and 31).

  As regards the flat elements (8), the latter are in the form of a hollow body arranged directly during its manufacture, to constitute a first row of cells

  (8a) and a second row of cells (8b). Separate partitions

  Each of the rows (8a2) and (8b2) are regularly and alternately offset from one another. The longitudinal end edges (8a1) of the upper row

  of cells (8a) are inclined, conferring on it a trapezoidal section

  dale. The longitudinal edges of ends (8bt) of the lower row

  of alveoli (8b), are straight and are offset back from the edges (8al), the partitions (8b2) being arranged very

  substantially in the median portion of the cells (8a). As an indication

  dicative, the cells (8a) are four in number, while the

  cavities (8b) are three in number.

  The bottom (8b3) of the lower row of cells (8b) is

  symmetrically from each of the longitudinal sides (8b1) while

  remaining behind the bottom (8a3) of the upper row of alve-

oles (8a) (Figure 9).

  Importantly, the lateral edges of ends (8b1) and the partition walls (8b2) of the lower row of cells each have, from at least one of their vertical branches, a squared notch (8b4). ) allowing the passage of electrical wires or other various sheaths (FIGS. 7 and 9). These cuts (8b4) are practiced near the bottom (8b3)

(Figure 10).

  As indicated in the remainder of the description, the edges la-

  bottom plates (8a3) of the upper row of cells, are posi-

  supported on the corresponding wings of the two beams

  (7) (Figure 14). The height of the upper part (8a) of the ele-

  ments (8) is less than the height of the vertical flange (7b) of the beams (7) thus reserving, after relative positioning of the elements (8), a free space allowing for example pouring

  of any packing material.

  After assembly in juxtaposition of several cellular elements

  strips (8) in combination with the beams (7), the lateral edges

  opposite the funds (8b3) of two adjacent elements (8), allow-

  if desired, the positioning and centering of a rectilinear T-profile (10) serving as a false beam for example

(Figures 15 and 16).

  According to another important feature of the invention, some of the beams (7), at regular intervals,

  from the top face of the vertical wing (7b),

  ches (7c) allowing the enqastrement of battens (11) (Figure 16).

  These battens (11) allow the fixing of tiles (12), (Figure 22).

  The design of the tiles according to the invention is shown more particularly

  17 to 21. Each tile (12) has a U-shaped cross-section, forming two vertical wings (12a) and (12b). Beyond the wings (12a) and (12b), the bottom of the tile is extended by a support sole

  (12c), capable of cooperating with the battens (11) in order to

  fix the tile by any means such as spikes (Figure 22). This sole (12c) has transversely and successively

  on its top face, a groove (12d) and a rib (12e) paral-

  parallel to its transversal edge. Other ribs (12f) and grooves (12g) complementary are formed transversely in the underside of latuile, opposite the support plate (12). The grooves (12c) and ribs (12d) cooperate with the ribs (12f) and grooves (12g) thus allowing their positioning end to end

  (Figure 21), with a partial overlap of their transverse edge.

  The bracing of the tiles (12) is effected by means of tunnel (13) of inverted U cross-section (FIG. 18). Wings

  (13a) and (13b) of the tunnel, of a length very substantially equal to

  the tiles, cooperate with grooves (12h) formed parallel-

  tangentially to the inner faces of the wings (12a). and

  (12b) tiles (12) (Figure 21). A transversal part

  dante plane (13c), ensures the partial overlap of the elements

bracing (13).

  As shown in Figure 1, the tiles (12) can

  tageusement be fixed on the battens (11) beams (7) which receive the cellular elements (8) with or without interposition

any material.

  It is now necessary to analyze the construction process

according to the invention.

  - The soles of

  (1) constituting the basic perimeter of the construction de-

  Siree. One sinks between the wings (la), (Ib) and (Ic), in the

- 10 -

  loirs (ld), (le) and (if) of the reinforced concrete of scrap constituting the chaining. -The various blocks (B) are then manually positioned in combination with the arrangements of the edges of the central wings (1a) and (Ib). For this purpose, modulators

  the basic ones (2) (first and second type) with possible

  if necessary, the cross-shaped blocks (5). The assembly is performed in successive rows by nesting the different blocks for their self-assembly. The rows of blocks being superposed in an alternating manner, the basic half-modules (3) catch up at the particular angles, this alternating offset. The assembly of

  windows (F) and doors (P) can be made as and when

  reinforcement, sleepers with similar layouts

complementary to those of the blocks.

  - When one reaches the level of a stage, peripherally belt blocks (2), (3) and (53 by arranging thereon a row of blocks (4) and (6) of U cross section.

  - Concrete is poured into cavities in vertical coincidence

  wedge blocks of angle, so as to form pillars of rigidity.

  Concrete rods can also be introduced (Figure 35). Concrete is then poured between the flanges of the blocks (4) and (6) constituting

  thus a peripheral belt of rigidity.

  - We proceed in the same way until the next ni-

  calf and so on until the roof.

  It is emphasized that the ground-level floors and plan-

  expensive and ceilings at different levels, can be mounted after the erection of the walls. In this respect, the beams (7) are positioned,

  at regular intervals corresponding to the width of the elements

  voles (8), in the cuts that present for this purpose some blocks. At ground level, the end bridles may be

  on the wings of the supporting soles. After setting up the truss

  the (7), positioning the cellular elements (8). We run then

  between the vertical flanges (7b) of the beams (7), on the elements

  alveolar elements (8), any packing material.

  For the realization of the roof, one has the battens (11) - 1t1

  in the corresponding notches of the beams (7) for the

  xation of the tiles (12), in combination with the spacer pieces (13) which form a tunnel for the passage of ducts or the like. As a result, once completed, the building presents at ground level, the separation of intermediate floors and

  the roof, a reinforced concrete peripheral belt having no

  do not discontinuity. Likewise, the U-section blocks (4b), (4c) and (6) have, in their angular convergence zone, a series

  (O) (Figure 25, 28 and 29) allowing the passage of the former

  tremity of the rods introduced into concrete poured into the corners

  of construction, so that by uniting the rods of the

  re with the ends of the stems emerging from the corner pillars, we obtain a frame surrounding the entire building also

  well in a vertical sense than horizontally.

  The benefits are apparent from the description, particularly

  Most of the blocks involved in the realization of walls and partitions are self-assembling by nesting without any

  mortar or binder of any kind, as indicated above

  peripheral belts at the level of the slabs and

  various corner pillars. It is the same with honeycomb elements

  mounted in combination with the beams. The result is a simple

  assembly by anyone without specific qualifications

  required, as well as an economy.

  But in a particularly important way, this particular mode of construction and its specific means of implementation

  their work, give the whole building very good characteris-

  ductility ticks and therefore a very high capacity for

resistance to seismic zones.

Finally, we recall:

  - the conformation of the blocks, which communicate with each other

* so much in the vertical sense that horizontal, removes the necessity

  bleed for embedding the various

- 12 -

  picks that can thus pass freely inside the blocks.

  - The very good thermal, sound and acoustic insulation

  that, both at the level of the walls and at the level of the slabs.

- The air circulation.

- 13 -

Claims (7)

  - 1 - Construction process for the construction of buildings   others having good ductility characteristics,   characterized in that ground supports are provided on the ground (1)   constituting the basic perimeter belt of the building; we are   nail these soles of reinforced concrete; the walls and louvers of different types of self-assembling shaped blocks without any binder are erected; slabs are made at floor level, ceilings   and roofs by means of profiled elements (8) resting on beams   the (7) cooperating with a corresponding part of the blocks which   constitute a continuous peripheral belt; we are casting bé   your cocked in corner blocks that are in vertical communication,   as well as in the rows of blocks located peripherally   calf floors and roof: it is available, in combination with the beams (7) receiving the elements (8) constituting the slab roof, tiles (12).   - 2 - Device for implementing the method according to the   1, characterized in that it comprises in essential combination   the following: - ground support footings (1) with at least two   ribs or vertical wings (la) and (Ib) between which is lé the reinforced concrete.   - Self-assembling parallelepipedic shaped blocks   of different types (2), (3) and (5).   blocks (4) and (6) shaped in section to allow   the pouring of a concrete without any discontinuity.   - Support beams profiled in form; of a T   paid and likely to cooperate with a corresponding party   blocks, in particular blocks (4) and (6).   planar cellular elements (8) cooperating in support with   the flanges of the beams (7) to act as floor slabs dear, ceiling, roof.   - tiles (12) shaped to be fixed on li-   placed in combination with the beams (7). - 14 -   - 3 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer spacing of the wings (la) - (lb) is equal to the width of the blocks, the longitudinal edges of said wings having   arrangements (la1) and (lb1) capable of cooperating with   complementarily formed at the base in combination with the edges of the blocks.   - 4 - Device according to claim 2, wherein the blocks   (2) present vertically on one or both trans-   complementary male-female arrangements for their assembly, by imbricating, at 180 and / or on a part of their lateral face, complementary male-female arrangements, to allow assembly by interlocking blocks at 90, said   blocks (2) delimiting internally at least two cavities   emergents; the blocks (3) are hollow and equal to half   basic module (2), characterized in that the blocks (5) are   cross-spun being hollow and closed on their four transverse faces which have, in the same way as the blocks (2) and (3) and in a complementary manner, male and / or female fingerprints (5a) capable of cooperating by nesting with the   corresponding forms of said blocks (2) and (3).   - 5 - Device according to claim 2, wherein the blocks   (4) have a U-shaped cross-section and are shaped to be posi-   peripherally at the slabs, in superposition of the blocks (2) and (3), the blocks (4) being rectilinear, L-shaped sections.   or T, characterized in that the blocks (6) are of trans-   U-shaped and intended to be positioned peripherally at the slabs in combination with the blocks (4), the faces   transverse of said blocks (6) being open.   - 6 - Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the male and / or female fingerprints for the self-assembly of   blocks (2), (3) and (5) consist of two vertical indi-   dovetail hollow wedges and two embossed dovetail fingerprints of complementary profile; the upper portion - 15 -   end transverse faces and the transverse partition wall is recessed in (2h) to leave, after assembly in superposition of the blocks, a free passage putting into   communication all the blocks of the same row.   - 7 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the flat elements (8) have two superposed rows of cells (8a) and (8b); partition walls (8a2) and (8b2)   of each row are regularly and alternately de-   stalled against each other; the longitudinal end edges (8a1) of the upper row of cells (8a) are inclined while the longitudinal end edges (8b1) of the lower row (8b) are straight and offset back from the edges ( 8al), the partitions (8b2) being arranged very substantially in the median portion of the cells (8a); the bottom   (8b3) of the lower row of cells (8b) overflows symmetrically.   each of the longitudinal sides (8b 1) while being   bottom line (8a3) of the upper row of cells (8a) o - 8 Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the lateral end edges (8bl) and the separating partitions   (8b2) of the lower row of cells, present each with   firing from at least one of their vertical slices, a notch   (8b4) for the passage of filiform elements in particular.   - 9 - Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the lateral edges of the bottom (8a3) are positioned in abutment on the corresponding wings (7a) of two beams of the same row .;   the height of the upper part (8a) of the elements (8) is   below the height of the vertical flange (7b) of the beams (7) thus reserving a free space for pouring a lining material.   Apparatus according to any of claims 7 and 9,   characterized in that, after juxtaposition of a plurality of cellular elements (8), in combination with the beams (7), the side edges facing the bottoms (8b3) of two adjacent elements (8), allow the positioning and the centering of a rectilinear T-profile (10).   - 11 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that   the beams intended to be positioned at the level of the   ture, present at regular intervals, from the face of   above the vertical wing (7b), notches (7c) for   trenches (11) for fixing the tiles.   Device according to claims 2 and 3 together, characterized   characterized in that each tile has a U-shaped cross-section   mant two vertical wings (12a) and (12b), beyond said wings, the bottom of the tile being extended by a support sole (12 c)   cooperating with the battens (11) for assembly.   - 13 - Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the underside of the sole (12 c) has transverse complementary forms of assembly (12 d) - (12e) susceptible   to cooperate with corresponding forms of assembly (12f) -   (12g), formed transversely in the underside of the casing   the opposite of the sole (12c) while also allowing the position-   end to end tiles with a partial overlap of their transverse edge.   Apparatus according to any of claims 2, 12   and 13, characterized in that the bracing of the tiles (12) takes place   Z5 re by means of tunnels (13) of inverted U cross-section whose wings (13a) and (13b), of very substantially equal length   to that of the tiles, cooperate with grooves (12h) formed   tangentially and tangentially to the inner faces of the wings (12a)   and (12b) tiles (12); an overflowing transverse part   ne (13c) ensures the partial overlap of the bridging elements (13).   The process according to claim 1, employing the   combined means according to one of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that   - the soles of the feet are placed on the ground or in excavations   (1) constituting the basic perimeter of the desired building; the flanges of the reinforced concrete of scrap are cast between the flanges of the steel constituting the chaining; - we then manually position the different blocks   (B), in combination with the arrangements presented by the   the central wings (la) and (lb) of the soles; Basic modules (2) (first and second type) are used for this purpose   with possibly, if necessary, the cross-shaped blocks (5), the   in successive rows by interleaving the differences   blocks for their self-assembly, the rows of blocks being superimposed alternately, the basic half-modules   (3) catching up at the level of the angles in particular, this shift alter-   born; the windows (F) and the doors (P) are mounted as and when they are erected, the frames having arrangements complementary to those of the blocks; at the level of one stage, the blocks (2), (3) and (5) are circumferentially surrounded by a row of U-shaped cross-section blocks (4) and (6) on the latter;   - Concrete is poured into the cavities in vertical coincidence   wedge blocks of angle, the way to form pillars of rigidity   concrete is then poured between the flanges of the blocks (4) and (6)   thus forming a peripheral belt of rigidity; - then proceed in the same way to the next level and so on until the roof; - The beams (7) are positioned at regular intervals corresponding to the width of the cellular elements (8), in the cuts that present for this purpose certain blocks. After placing the beams (7), the cellular elements (8) are positioned;   - then flows, between the vertical wings (7b) of   trellises (7), on the honeycomb elements (8), a material of - 18 -   some packing - for the realization of the roof, one has the battens   (11) in the corresponding notches of the beams for the final   tiling (12) in combination with the spacer tunnels (131.