FR2561373A1 - IMPROVED AMMUNITION - Google Patents
IMPROVED AMMUNITION Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2561373A1 FR2561373A1 FR8215978A FR8215978A FR2561373A1 FR 2561373 A1 FR2561373 A1 FR 2561373A1 FR 8215978 A FR8215978 A FR 8215978A FR 8215978 A FR8215978 A FR 8215978A FR 2561373 A1 FR2561373 A1 FR 2561373A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- external surface
- ammunition
- chosen
- projectile
- ammunition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
- F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
- F42B12/80—Coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
- F42B5/192—Cartridge cases characterised by the material of the casing wall
- F42B5/196—Coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
- F42B5/24—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for cleaning; for cooling; for lubricating ; for wear reducing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/085—Primers for caseless ammunition
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La preset invention riceríie une munition perfectionnée, particulièrement destinée au tir à cadence rapide. The preset invention riceríie an improved ammunition, particularly intended for shooting at rapid rate.
On sait que le tir à cadence rapide pose de sérieux problèmes suite à l'échauffement qu'il entraîne soit du canon de l'arme utilisée, cet échauffement mettant en cause la résistance mecanique dudit canon ainsi que sa longévité, soit de la chambre, en cas de munition sans douille ou à douille combustible (phénomène d'auto-allumage). We know that firing at a rapid rate poses serious problems following the overheating which it causes either of the barrel of the weapon used, this overheating calling into question the mechanical resistance of said barrel as well as its longevity, either of the chamber, in the case of ammunition without a cartridge or with a combustible cartridge (self-ignition phenomenon).
Ainsi, différents moyens ont été proposés pour refroidir l'arme par évacuation de calories, tels que refroidissement par circulation d'eau, par arrosage, par circulation forcée d'air etc... Thus, various means have been proposed for cooling the weapon by evacuation of calories, such as cooling by circulation of water, by sprinkling, by forced circulation of air, etc.
Sans parler de leur efficacité, ces systèmes sont genants de par leur encombrement et leur poids. Not to mention their efficiency, these systems are annoying because of their size and weight.
On a par ailleurs proposé, en artillerie, d'inclure dans les charges propulsives des réducteurs d'érosion, par exemple à base de talc, dont l'efficacité a pu être vérifiée lors de diverses expériences portant essentiellement sur des mesures comparatives de l'érosion du canon après des nombres donnés de coups. It has also been proposed, in artillery, to include in the propellant charges erosion reducers, for example based on talc, the effectiveness of which has been verified during various experiments essentially relating to comparative measurements of the Barrel erosion after given numbers of shots.
Dans un tout autre domaine, des études approfondies ont été effectuées en ce qui concerne la protection thermique de satellites habités et de navettes spaciales, lors de leur rentrée dans l'atmosphère. In a completely different field, in-depth studies have been carried out with regard to the thermal protection of manned satellites and space shuttles when they re-enter the atmosphere.
La quantité de calories à éliminer lors de ces rentrées est telle qu'une technique de simple refroidissement ne suffit pas. Les boucliers de protection les plus efficaces mis au point à cet effet font dès lors appel à des matières qui, sous les conditions de rentrées, subissent des transformations endothermiques. The amount of calories to be eliminated during these returns is such that a simple cooling technique is not enough. The most effective protective shields developed for this purpose therefore use materials which, under the conditions of reentry, undergo endothermic transformations.
L'idée de base de l'invention est d'appliquer ce principe à des munitions ou éléments constitutifs de ces dernières, tels qu'obus d'artillerie, balles de mitrailleuses, charges propulsive5 (caseless), douilles combustibles et similaires afin de stabiliser la température du canon etZou de la chambre de l'arme à une valeur acceptable choisie, lors de tir à cadence rapide. The basic idea of the invention is to apply this principle to munitions or their constituent elements, such as artillery buses, machine gun bullets, propellant charges5 (caseless), combustible casings and the like in order to stabilize the temperature of the barrel and Zou of the chamber of the weapon to an acceptable value chosen, during shooting at rapid rate.
Une munition selon l'invention se caractérise dès lors en ce qu'une partie au moins de sa surface externe est constituée par une matière subissant une transformation endothermique durant le séjour de ladite munition dans l'arme utilisée pour son tir
Ladite matière sera choisie, en fonction de la quantité de chaleur à évacuer par chaque munition du type envisagé et des contraintes mécaniques propres à llutilisa- tion envisagée, parmi les corps suivants
1.- Les plastiques susceptibles de dépolymérisation endothermique sous les conditions de tir;
2.- les élastomères;
3.- les réfractaires et céramiques susceptibles de pyrolyse et combustion absorbant de la chaleur sous les conditions de tir;
4.- tous les corps, simples et composites, se décomposant chimiquement d'une façon endothermique.A munition according to the invention is therefore characterized in that at least part of its external surface is constituted by a material undergoing an endothermic transformation during the stay of said ammunition in the weapon used for its shooting
Said material will be chosen, according to the quantity of heat to be removed by each munition of the type envisaged and the mechanical stresses specific to the envisaged use, from the following bodies
1.- Plastics susceptible to endothermic depolymerization under firing conditions;
2.- elastomers;
3.- refractories and ceramics liable to pyrolysis and combustion absorbing heat under firing conditions;
4.- all bodies, simple and composite, decomposing chemically in an endothermic manner.
Le choix de la matière considérée se fera après mesures sur le type d'arme envisagé (calibre, cadences de tir, caractéristiquas propres d l'arme, etc...). The choice of the material considered will be made after measurements on the type of weapon envisaged (caliber, rates of shooting, characteristics specific to the weapon, etc ...).
A titre d'exemple, pour une mitrailleuse de calibre 7.62 (type MAG fabriquée par la Demanderesse) tirant à une cadence de 10O coups/minute, le nombre de calories à évacuer par coup pour que la température du canon ne dépasse pas 5000C en régime stationnaire, est de l'ordre de 150180 calories par coup. By way of example, for a 7.62 caliber machine gun (MAG type manufactured by the Applicant) firing at a rate of 10O rounds / minute, the number of calories to be removed per round so that the temperature of the barrel does not exceed 5000 ° C. stationary, is around 150,180 calories per stroke.
Si la matière choisie est par exemple un teflon dont la transformation endothermique absorbe 555 calories par gramme de matière, on voit que la masse de matière à prévoir dans l'exemple considéré n'est que de 0,33 à 0,5 Sramme. If the material chosen is for example a teflon whose endothermic transformation absorbs 555 calories per gram of material, it can be seen that the mass of material to be provided in the example considered is only 0.33 to 0.5 Sram.
Cette valeur de 555 calories/gramme est d'ailleurs relativement basse, comparée à celle de certains rêfractai- res qui peut atteindre 3.500 calories/gramme. This value of 555 calories / gram is also relatively low, compared to that of certain refractory materials which can reach 3,500 calories / gram.
Si le projectile envisagé est du type à ceinture de forcement, on pourra avantageusement pourvoir cette dernière d'un revêtement approprié, conformément à l'invention. On choisira alors de préférence une matière qui, outre sa propriété de transformation endothermique, soit également un lubrifiant pour le canon (téflon par exemple). If the projectile envisaged is of the forcing belt type, the latter may advantageously be provided with an appropriate coating, in accordance with the invention. A material will then preferably be chosen which, in addition to its endothermic transformation property, is also a lubricant for the barrel (Teflon for example).
On peut également prévoir le revêtement du culot du projectile, car il n'est pas indispensable que la matière soit en contact direct avec la paroi de l'âme du canon. La transformation endothermique de la matière aura alors pour effet de réduire la quantité de chaleur rayonnée par les gaz propulsifs vers le canon, sans influencer pour autant de manière inacceptable la courbe de pression. One can also provide the coating of the base of the projectile, because it is not essential that the material is in direct contact with the wall of the barrel core. The endothermic transformation of the material will then have the effect of reducing the amount of heat radiated by the propellant gases towards the barrel, without however unacceptably influencing the pressure curve.
Dans le cas de munitions sans douilles (caseless), la masse ou pain de poudre propulsive pourra avantageusement recevoir un revêtement selon l'invention, ceci afin d'abaisser la température de la chambre de l'arme utilisée, de manière à éliminer l'auto-allumage, principal obstacle à l'utilisation de telles munitions. In the case of ammunition without casings (caseless), the mass or bread of propellant powder can advantageously receive a coating according to the invention, this in order to lower the temperature of the chamber of the weapon used, so as to eliminate the self-ignition, main obstacle to the use of such ammunition.
Ce qui précède s'applique également aux douilles combustibles. The above also applies to combustible sockets.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE2/59373A BE890442A (en) | 1981-09-22 | 1981-09-22 | IMPROVED AMMUNITION. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2561373A1 true FR2561373A1 (en) | 1985-09-20 |
Family
ID=3865568
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8215978A Withdrawn FR2561373A1 (en) | 1981-09-22 | 1982-09-22 | IMPROVED AMMUNITION |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE890442A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3234891A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2561373A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2154713A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT75590B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE8403679L (en) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-01-14 | Herstal Sa | WEAPONS AMMUNITION |
| GB2164426A (en) * | 1984-09-12 | 1986-03-19 | Herstal Sa | Ammunition |
| DE3842128A1 (en) * | 1988-12-15 | 1990-06-28 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Projectile |
| DE4015079A1 (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-04-18 | Jan Popelar | Ammunition unit - with liq., addition to the explosive to cool the barrel wall |
| US7210260B1 (en) | 2000-09-28 | 2007-05-01 | Robert B. Smalley, Jr. | Firearm cartridge and case-less chamber |
| US7086336B2 (en) | 2000-09-28 | 2006-08-08 | Superior Ballistics, Inc. | Firearm cartridge and case-less chamber |
| US6523475B2 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2003-02-25 | Superior Ballistics, Inc. | Firearm cartridge and case-less chamber |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB920921A (en) * | 1959-03-19 | 1963-03-13 | Hans Otto Donner | Improvements in or relating to fin-stabilized projectiles |
| BE633800A (en) * | 1962-06-20 | |||
| BE882272A (en) * | 1980-03-18 | 1980-09-18 | Herstal Sa | TRAINING AMMUNITION |
| BE882273A (en) * | 1980-03-18 | 1980-09-18 | Herstal Sa | TRAINING AMMUNITION |
-
1981
- 1981-09-22 BE BE2/59373A patent/BE890442A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-09-21 DE DE19823234891 patent/DE3234891A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-09-21 GB GB08226859A patent/GB2154713A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-09-22 FR FR8215978A patent/FR2561373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-09-22 PT PT7559082A patent/PT75590B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3234891A1 (en) | 1985-09-26 |
| PT75590A (en) | 1982-10-01 |
| BE890442A (en) | 1985-02-15 |
| GB2154713A (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| PT75590B (en) | 1986-10-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |