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FR2561373A1 - IMPROVED AMMUNITION - Google Patents

IMPROVED AMMUNITION Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2561373A1
FR2561373A1 FR8215978A FR8215978A FR2561373A1 FR 2561373 A1 FR2561373 A1 FR 2561373A1 FR 8215978 A FR8215978 A FR 8215978A FR 8215978 A FR8215978 A FR 8215978A FR 2561373 A1 FR2561373 A1 FR 2561373A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
external surface
ammunition
chosen
projectile
ammunition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR8215978A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Guy Beauvent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herstal SA
Original Assignee
Herstal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herstal SA filed Critical Herstal SA
Publication of FR2561373A1 publication Critical patent/FR2561373A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/80Coatings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/192Cartridge cases characterised by the material of the casing wall
    • F42B5/196Coatings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/24Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for cleaning; for cooling; for lubricating ; for wear reducing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/085Primers for caseless ammunition

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Improved munition, such as a shell, bullet or similar, with a combustible metal case or without a case, characterised in that at least part of its external surface is constituted by a material undergoing an endothermic transformation during the time that the said projectile stays in the barrel of the weapon used for its firing.

Description

La preset invention riceríie une munition perfectionnée, particulièrement destinée au tir à cadence rapide. The preset invention riceríie an improved ammunition, particularly intended for shooting at rapid rate.

On sait que le tir à cadence rapide pose de sérieux problèmes suite à l'échauffement qu'il entraîne soit du canon de l'arme utilisée, cet échauffement mettant en cause la résistance mecanique dudit canon ainsi que sa longévité, soit de la chambre, en cas de munition sans douille ou à douille combustible (phénomène d'auto-allumage). We know that firing at a rapid rate poses serious problems following the overheating which it causes either of the barrel of the weapon used, this overheating calling into question the mechanical resistance of said barrel as well as its longevity, either of the chamber, in the case of ammunition without a cartridge or with a combustible cartridge (self-ignition phenomenon).

Ainsi, différents moyens ont été proposés pour refroidir l'arme par évacuation de calories, tels que refroidissement par circulation d'eau, par arrosage, par circulation forcée d'air etc... Thus, various means have been proposed for cooling the weapon by evacuation of calories, such as cooling by circulation of water, by sprinkling, by forced circulation of air, etc.

Sans parler de leur efficacité, ces systèmes sont genants de par leur encombrement et leur poids. Not to mention their efficiency, these systems are annoying because of their size and weight.

On a par ailleurs proposé, en artillerie, d'inclure dans les charges propulsives des réducteurs d'érosion, par exemple à base de talc, dont l'efficacité a pu être vérifiée lors de diverses expériences portant essentiellement sur des mesures comparatives de l'érosion du canon après des nombres donnés de coups. It has also been proposed, in artillery, to include in the propellant charges erosion reducers, for example based on talc, the effectiveness of which has been verified during various experiments essentially relating to comparative measurements of the Barrel erosion after given numbers of shots.

Dans un tout autre domaine, des études approfondies ont été effectuées en ce qui concerne la protection thermique de satellites habités et de navettes spaciales, lors de leur rentrée dans l'atmosphère. In a completely different field, in-depth studies have been carried out with regard to the thermal protection of manned satellites and space shuttles when they re-enter the atmosphere.

La quantité de calories à éliminer lors de ces rentrées est telle qu'une technique de simple refroidissement ne suffit pas. Les boucliers de protection les plus efficaces mis au point à cet effet font dès lors appel à des matières qui, sous les conditions de rentrées, subissent des transformations endothermiques. The amount of calories to be eliminated during these returns is such that a simple cooling technique is not enough. The most effective protective shields developed for this purpose therefore use materials which, under the conditions of reentry, undergo endothermic transformations.

L'idée de base de l'invention est d'appliquer ce principe à des munitions ou éléments constitutifs de ces dernières, tels qu'obus d'artillerie, balles de mitrailleuses, charges propulsive5 (caseless), douilles combustibles et similaires afin de stabiliser la température du canon etZou de la chambre de l'arme à une valeur acceptable choisie, lors de tir à cadence rapide.  The basic idea of the invention is to apply this principle to munitions or their constituent elements, such as artillery buses, machine gun bullets, propellant charges5 (caseless), combustible casings and the like in order to stabilize the temperature of the barrel and Zou of the chamber of the weapon to an acceptable value chosen, during shooting at rapid rate.

Une munition selon l'invention se caractérise dès lors en ce qu'une partie au moins de sa surface externe est constituée par une matière subissant une transformation endothermique durant le séjour de ladite munition dans l'arme utilisée pour son tir
Ladite matière sera choisie, en fonction de la quantité de chaleur à évacuer par chaque munition du type envisagé et des contraintes mécaniques propres à llutilisa- tion envisagée, parmi les corps suivants
1.- Les plastiques susceptibles de dépolymérisation endothermique sous les conditions de tir;
2.- les élastomères;
3.- les réfractaires et céramiques susceptibles de pyrolyse et combustion absorbant de la chaleur sous les conditions de tir;
4.- tous les corps, simples et composites, se décomposant chimiquement d'une façon endothermique.
A munition according to the invention is therefore characterized in that at least part of its external surface is constituted by a material undergoing an endothermic transformation during the stay of said ammunition in the weapon used for its shooting
Said material will be chosen, according to the quantity of heat to be removed by each munition of the type envisaged and the mechanical stresses specific to the envisaged use, from the following bodies
1.- Plastics susceptible to endothermic depolymerization under firing conditions;
2.- elastomers;
3.- refractories and ceramics liable to pyrolysis and combustion absorbing heat under firing conditions;
4.- all bodies, simple and composite, decomposing chemically in an endothermic manner.

Le choix de la matière considérée se fera après mesures sur le type d'arme envisagé (calibre, cadences de tir, caractéristiquas propres d l'arme, etc...). The choice of the material considered will be made after measurements on the type of weapon envisaged (caliber, rates of shooting, characteristics specific to the weapon, etc ...).

A titre d'exemple, pour une mitrailleuse de calibre 7.62 (type MAG fabriquée par la Demanderesse) tirant à une cadence de 10O coups/minute, le nombre de calories à évacuer par coup pour que la température du canon ne dépasse pas 5000C en régime stationnaire, est de l'ordre de 150180 calories par coup. By way of example, for a 7.62 caliber machine gun (MAG type manufactured by the Applicant) firing at a rate of 10O rounds / minute, the number of calories to be removed per round so that the temperature of the barrel does not exceed 5000 ° C. stationary, is around 150,180 calories per stroke.

Si la matière choisie est par exemple un teflon dont la transformation endothermique absorbe 555 calories par gramme de matière, on voit que la masse de matière à prévoir dans l'exemple considéré n'est que de 0,33 à 0,5 Sramme. If the material chosen is for example a teflon whose endothermic transformation absorbs 555 calories per gram of material, it can be seen that the mass of material to be provided in the example considered is only 0.33 to 0.5 Sram.

Cette valeur de 555 calories/gramme est d'ailleurs relativement basse, comparée à celle de certains rêfractai- res qui peut atteindre 3.500 calories/gramme. This value of 555 calories / gram is also relatively low, compared to that of certain refractory materials which can reach 3,500 calories / gram.

Si le projectile envisagé est du type à ceinture de forcement, on pourra avantageusement pourvoir cette dernière d'un revêtement approprié, conformément à l'invention. On choisira alors de préférence une matière qui, outre sa propriété de transformation endothermique, soit également un lubrifiant pour le canon (téflon par exemple). If the projectile envisaged is of the forcing belt type, the latter may advantageously be provided with an appropriate coating, in accordance with the invention. A material will then preferably be chosen which, in addition to its endothermic transformation property, is also a lubricant for the barrel (Teflon for example).

On peut également prévoir le revêtement du culot du projectile, car il n'est pas indispensable que la matière soit en contact direct avec la paroi de l'âme du canon. La transformation endothermique de la matière aura alors pour effet de réduire la quantité de chaleur rayonnée par les gaz propulsifs vers le canon, sans influencer pour autant de manière inacceptable la courbe de pression. One can also provide the coating of the base of the projectile, because it is not essential that the material is in direct contact with the wall of the barrel core. The endothermic transformation of the material will then have the effect of reducing the amount of heat radiated by the propellant gases towards the barrel, without however unacceptably influencing the pressure curve.

Dans le cas de munitions sans douilles (caseless), la masse ou pain de poudre propulsive pourra avantageusement recevoir un revêtement selon l'invention, ceci afin d'abaisser la température de la chambre de l'arme utilisée, de manière à éliminer l'auto-allumage, principal obstacle à l'utilisation de telles munitions. In the case of ammunition without casings (caseless), the mass or bread of propellant powder can advantageously receive a coating according to the invention, this in order to lower the temperature of the chamber of the weapon used, so as to eliminate the self-ignition, main obstacle to the use of such ammunition.

Ce qui précède s'applique également aux douilles combustibles.  The above also applies to combustible sockets.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS. 1.- Munition perfectionnée, telle-qu'obus, balle et similaire à douille métallique, combustible ou sans douille, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie au moins de sa surface externe est constituée par une matière subissant une transformation endothermique durant le séjour dudit projectile dans le canon de l'arme utilisée pour son tir. 2.- Munition perfectionnée selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite matière est choisie, en fonction de la quantité de chaleur a évacuer par chaque munition, considérant le type d'arme envisagé et des contraintes mécaniques propres à l'utilisation envisagée, parmi les corps suivantsCLAIMS. 1.- Improved ammunition, such as a bus, a bullet and the like with a metallic casing, combustible or without casing, characterized in that at least part of its external surface is constituted by a material undergoing an endothermic transformation during the stay of said projectile in the barrel of the weapon used for its shooting. 2. Improved ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that said material is chosen, as a function of the quantity of heat to be removed by each ammunition, considering the type of weapon envisaged and the mechanical stresses specific to the intended use, among the following bodies 1. les plastiques susceptibles de dépolymérisation endothermique sous les conditions de tir; 1. plastics susceptible to endothermic depolymerization under firing conditions; 2. les élastomeres; 2. the elastomers; 3. les réfractaires et céramiques susceptibes de pyrolyse et combustion absorbant de la chaleur sous les conditions de tir; 3. refractories and ceramics susceptible to pyrolysis and combustion absorbing heat under firing conditions; 4. tous les corps, simples et composites, se décomposant chimiquement d'une façon endothermique. 4. all bodies, simple and composite, decomposing chemically in an endothermic manner. 3.- Munition perfectionnée selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite matière est appliquée comme revêtement sur la partie choisiede la surface externe d'une munition par ailleurs tout a fait classique. 3.- Improved ammunition according to claim 2, characterized in that said material is applied as a coating on the chosen part of the external surface of an ammunition otherwise quite conventional. 4.- Munition selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite surface choisie est la surface externe de la bande de forcement du projectile, lorsque celui-ci en est équipé. 4. Ammunition according to claim 3, characterized in that said chosen surface is the external surface of the projectile forcing strip, when the latter is equipped with it. 5.- Munition selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite surface choisie est celle du culot du projectile. 5. Ammunition according to claim 3, characterized in that said chosen surface is that of the base of the projectile. 6.- Munition selon la revendication 3, du type sans douille (caseless), caractérisée en ce que ladite surface choisie est tout ou partie de la surface externe de la charge propulsive, eventuellement complétée par une partie de la surface externe du projectile associé.  6. Ammunition according to claim 3, of the caseless type, characterized in that said chosen surface is all or part of the external surface of the propellant charge, possibly supplemented by a part of the external surface of the associated projectile. 7.- Munition selon la revendication 3, du type à douille combustible, caractérisée en ce que ladite surface choisie est tout ou partie de la surface externe de ladite douille, éventuellement complétée par une partie de la surface externe du projectile associé.  7. Ammunition according to claim 3, of the combustible shell type, characterized in that said chosen surface is all or part of the external surface of said shell, possibly supplemented by a part of the external surface of the associated projectile.
FR8215978A 1981-09-22 1982-09-22 IMPROVED AMMUNITION Withdrawn FR2561373A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2/59373A BE890442A (en) 1981-09-22 1981-09-22 IMPROVED AMMUNITION.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2561373A1 true FR2561373A1 (en) 1985-09-20

Family

ID=3865568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR8215978A Withdrawn FR2561373A1 (en) 1981-09-22 1982-09-22 IMPROVED AMMUNITION

Country Status (5)

Country Link
BE (1) BE890442A (en)
DE (1) DE3234891A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2561373A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2154713A (en)
PT (1) PT75590B (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE8403679L (en) * 1983-07-13 1985-01-14 Herstal Sa WEAPONS AMMUNITION
GB2164426A (en) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-19 Herstal Sa Ammunition
DE3842128A1 (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-28 Diehl Gmbh & Co Projectile
DE4015079A1 (en) * 1989-10-13 1991-04-18 Jan Popelar Ammunition unit - with liq., addition to the explosive to cool the barrel wall
US7210260B1 (en) 2000-09-28 2007-05-01 Robert B. Smalley, Jr. Firearm cartridge and case-less chamber
US7086336B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2006-08-08 Superior Ballistics, Inc. Firearm cartridge and case-less chamber
US6523475B2 (en) * 2000-09-28 2003-02-25 Superior Ballistics, Inc. Firearm cartridge and case-less chamber

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB920921A (en) * 1959-03-19 1963-03-13 Hans Otto Donner Improvements in or relating to fin-stabilized projectiles
BE633800A (en) * 1962-06-20
BE882272A (en) * 1980-03-18 1980-09-18 Herstal Sa TRAINING AMMUNITION
BE882273A (en) * 1980-03-18 1980-09-18 Herstal Sa TRAINING AMMUNITION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3234891A1 (en) 1985-09-26
PT75590A (en) 1982-10-01
BE890442A (en) 1985-02-15
GB2154713A (en) 1985-09-11
PT75590B (en) 1986-10-28

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