FR2551773A1 - Method of fabricating a felt composed of textile fibres and leather fibres, device for implementing this method, product obtained and use of this product - Google Patents
Method of fabricating a felt composed of textile fibres and leather fibres, device for implementing this method, product obtained and use of this product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2551773A1 FR2551773A1 FR8314584A FR8314584A FR2551773A1 FR 2551773 A1 FR2551773 A1 FR 2551773A1 FR 8314584 A FR8314584 A FR 8314584A FR 8314584 A FR8314584 A FR 8314584A FR 2551773 A1 FR2551773 A1 FR 2551773A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- leather
- textile
- textile fibers
- mixture
- Prior art date
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Links
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
- D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D'UN FEUTRE COMPOSE DE FIBRES
TEXTILES ET DE FIBRES DE CUIR, DISPOSITIF POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE
DE CE PROCEDE, PRODUIT OBTENU ET UTILISATION DE CE PRODUIT
La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un feutre composé de fibres textiles et de fibres de cuir, utilisable notamment pour l'absorption et/ou la diffusion de substances liquides ou gazeuses.PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A FELT COMPOSED OF FIBERS
TEXTILES AND FIBERS OF LEATHER, DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME
OF THIS PROCESS, PRODUCT OBTAINED AND USE OF THIS PRODUCT
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a felt composed of textile fibers and leather fibers, usable in particular for the absorption and / or diffusion of liquid or gaseous substances.
Elle concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, ainsi que le produit obtenu et les diverses utilisations de ce produit.It also relates to a device for implementing this process, as well as the product obtained and the various uses of this product.
On connalt déjà des matériaux non tissés, obtenus par voie sèche et comportant un mélange de fibres courtes, notamment de cuir et de fibres synthétiques, dont la consolidation est effectuée par addition d'un liant resineux synthétique suivie d'une opération de cou- ture et/ou de tricotage et, le cas échéant, d'une enduction d'un liant chimique.There are already known nonwoven materials, obtained by the dry route and comprising a mixture of short fibers, in particular leather and synthetic fibers, the consolidation of which is carried out by addition of a synthetic resinous binder followed by a stitching operation. and / or knitting and, where appropriate, a coating of a chemical binder.
Par leur structure, ces produits ont une résistance mécanique renforcée, mais présentent des inconvénients liés d'une part à une limitation en poids et d'autre- part, à un moins bon aspect textile. En particulier, le faible grammage entralne une saturation du produit et il devient nécessaire de contrecoller un autre matériau synthétique pour en améliorer les propriétés d'absorption, tout en conservant en surface un drainage de l'humidité sans rétention d'eau.By their structure, these products have reinforced mechanical strength, but have drawbacks linked on the one hand to a weight limitation and on the other hand, to a poorer textile appearance. In particular, the low grammage leads to saturation of the product and it becomes necessary to laminate another synthetic material to improve its absorption properties, while retaining surface moisture drainage without water retention.
Les produits ainsi obtenus, absorbants ou diffuseurs, présentent une structure multicouches non unitaire, composée d'éléments juxtaposés fixés les uns aux autres par collage, couture ou tricotage, mis en oeuvre en général conjointement lors de la réalisation d'un article déterminé, tel que par exemple une semelle intérieure de chaussure.The products thus obtained, absorbent or diffusers, have a non-unitary multilayer structure, composed of juxtaposed elements fixed to each other by gluing, sewing or knitting, generally used jointly during the production of a given article, such as for example a shoe insole.
Lors de la réalisation d'un tel article, le produit est découpé à la forme requise, ce qui aboutit à un autre inconvénient dû au fait qu'il est aisément susceptible de se désagréger au moins au niveau de ses bords, par écartement des diverses couches qui le composent.When making such an article, the product is cut to the required shape, which leads to another drawback due to the fact that it is easily liable to fall apart at least at its edges, by spacing out the various layers that compose it.
La présente invention se propose de pallier les inconvénients susmentionnés en réalisant un procédé de fabrication d'un feutre du type défini ci-dessus, n'utilisant pas le principe de consolidation à couture et tricotage selon l'art antérieur, tout en fournissant un matériau dont les fibres sont suffisamment liées entre elles pour éviter une désagrégation, notamment le long de ses bords.The present invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by carrying out a method of manufacturing a felt of the type defined above, not using the principle of consolidation in sewing and knitting according to the prior art, while providing a material the fibers of which are sufficiently bonded together to avoid disintegration, in particular along its edges.
Ce but est atteint par le procédé selon l'invention, caractérisé en ce que l'on forme, au cours d'une première phase du procédé, un premier voile de carde de fibres textiles, en ce que l'on superpose, au cours d'une seconde phase de ce procédé, un second voile de carde fait de fibres de cuir ou d'un mélange de fibres de cuir et de fibres textiles, audit premier voile de carde, et en ce que l'on effectue le liage des fibres constituant lesdits premier et second voiles de carde par au moins une opération d'aiguilletage.This object is achieved by the method according to the invention, characterized in that, during a first phase of the process, a first fleece of textile fibers is formed, in that one superimposes, during of a second phase of this process, a second card web made of leather fibers or a mixture of leather fibers and textile fibers, at said first card web, and in that the binding of the fibers constituting said first and second card webs by at least one needling operation.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, on superpose, audit second voile de carde, antérieurement à l'opération d'aiguilletage, un troisième voile de carde fait de fibres textiles.According to a preferred embodiment, a third card web made of textile fibers is superimposed on said second card web, prior to the needling operation.
Pour former une nappe d'épaisseur déterminée, il est particulièrement avantageux d'effectuer un nappage destiné a' déposer plusieurs couches de fibres de cuir ou d'un mélange de fibres de cuir et de fibres textiles sur le premier voile de carde, antérieurement à l'opération d'aiguilletage.To form a sheet of determined thickness, it is particularly advantageous to make a covering intended for depositing several layers of leather fibers or of a mixture of leather fibers and textile fibers on the first card web, prior to the needling operation.
Pour améliorer la liaison entre les différentes fibres constituant la nappe, on soumet avantageusement celle-ci à une opération de suraiguilletage.To improve the connection between the different fibers constituting the ply, the latter is advantageously subjected to an over-needling operation.
Le mélange de fibres textiles et de fibres de cuir contient avantageusement entre 5 et 50% de fibres de cuir. Etant donné que les fibres de cuir sont très hygroscopiques, on prépare le mélange de fibres textiles et de fibres de cuir en effectuant un ensimage de taux éle vé par une pulvérisation relativement importante d'eau et de produits antistatiques.The mixture of textile fibers and leather fibers advantageously contains between 5 and 50% of leather fibers. Since the leather fibers are very hygroscopic, the mixture of textile fibers and leather fibers is prepared by sizing at a high rate by a relatively large spraying of water and antistatic products.
Pour éviter un dégagement trop important de poussière dû au fait que les fibres de cuir sont des fibres particulièrement courtes, on réalise le premier voile de carde en fibres textiles sur une première partie d'un train de cardes à vitesse normale et le second voile de carde en mélange de fibres textiles et de fibres de cuir sur une seconde partie du train de cardes à vitesse réduite de 10 à 20%.To avoid excessive dust formation due to the fact that the leather fibers are particularly short fibers, the first card web of textile fibers is produced on a first part of a card train at normal speed and the second web of card in a mixture of textile fibers and leather fibers on a second part of the card train at a reduced speed of 10 to 20%.
Pour conférer à la nappe préalablement aiguilletée ou suraîguilletée une épaisseur et un état de surface déterminés, on lui fait subir avantageusement une opération de calandrage. Cette opération de calandrage est de préférence réalisée à une température supérieure à 100% C.To give the pre-needled or super-needled ply a given thickness and surface condition, it is advantageously subjected to a calendering operation. This calendering operation is preferably carried out at a temperature above 100% C.
Pour améliorer la liaison entre les fibres de la nappe préalablement aiguilletée et calandrée, on imprègne ou enduit celle-ci à l'aide de substances rigidifiantes et/ou colorantes et rigidifiantes, et l'on fait subir à cette nappe imprégnée des traitements physiques pour stabiliser ces substances.To improve the bond between the fibers of the previously needled and calendered sheet, the latter is impregnated or coated with stiffening and / or coloring and stiffening substances, and this impregnated sheet is subjected to physical treatments for stabilize these substances.
Selon une forme de réalisation avantageuse, on imprègne la nappe préalablement aiguilletée et calandrée par foulardage avec un taux d'exprimage variable de 50 à 200%, on sèche la nappe imprégnée, on soumet cette nappe à un traitement de réticulation et on effectue une opération de calandrage et/ou un traitement physique pour régulariser l'épaisseur et/ou obtenir un état de surface désiré.According to an advantageous embodiment, the previously needled and calendered sheet is impregnated by padding with a variable expression rate of 50 to 200%, the impregnated sheet is dried, this sheet is subjected to a crosslinking treatment and an operation is carried out. calendering and / or physical treatment to regularize the thickness and / or obtain a desired surface finish.
Le dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé de fabrication d'un feutre composé de fibres textiles et de fibres de cuir selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des organes de cardage pour réaliser un premier voile de carde de fibres textiles, des moyens pour procéder au mélange de fibres de cuir et de fibres de textiles, des organes de cardage pour superposer au premier voile de carde au moins un second voile de carde de fibres de cuir et/ou d'un mélange de fibres de cuir et de fibres textiles, et des moyens pour effectuer au moins une opération d'aiguilletage pour lier les fibres entre elles.The device for implementing the process for manufacturing a felt composed of textile fibers and leather fibers according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises carding members for producing a first card web of textile fibers, means for mixing leather fibers and textile fibers, carding members for superimposing on the first card web at least a second card web of leather fibers and / or a mixture of leather fibers and of textile fibers, and means for carrying out at least one needling operation to bind the fibers together.
Selon une forme de réalisation préférée, les organes de cardage sont associés chacun à un organe d'alimentation respectivement en fibres textiles et en fibres de cuir ou en un mélange de fibres de cuir et de fibres textiles.According to a preferred embodiment, the carding members are each associated with a supply member respectively for textile fibers and leather fibers or a mixture of leather fibers and textile fibers.
Pour éviter un dégagement trop important de poussière provenant des fibres de cuir relativement courtes, lesdits seconds organes de cardage sont avantageusement carénés.To avoid excessive release of dust from the relatively short leather fibers, said second carding members are advantageously faired.
Le feutre composé de fils textiles et de fils de cuir réalisé par le procédé défini ci-dessus peut etre préalablement chargé d'un déodorant absorbeur d'odeurs non volatiles, et peut être utilisé pour la réalisation d'une semelle pour chaussures appelée première de propreté ou d'éléments de revêtement d'articles de sport tels que des revêtements de sièges, des articles chaussants, des manches de raquettes et de clubs de golf, des intérieurs de casques pour motocyclistes, etc...The felt composed of textile threads and leather threads produced by the process defined above can be previously loaded with a deodorant absorbing non-volatile odors, and can be used for the production of a sole for shoes called the first of cleanliness or of elements for covering sports articles such as seat covers, footwear, racket and golf club sleeves, helmet interiors for motorcyclists, etc.
Par ailleurs, ce feutre peut également être utilisé pour diffuser un parfum ou un insecticide volatile lorsqu'il est préalablement imprégné de cette substance active.Furthermore, this felt can also be used to diffuse a volatile perfume or insecticide when it is previously impregnated with this active substance.
Ce feutre peut aussi être utilisé comme filtrant sous forme de cartouche interchangeable, ou pour constituer un chiffon ou une éponge destinée notamment au nettoyage de machines industrielles.This felt can also be used as a filter in the form of an interchangeable cartridge, or to constitute a cloth or sponge intended in particular for cleaning industrial machines.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise en référence à la description d'un exemple de réalisation et au dessin annexé illustrant schématiquement la résistance de rupture de ce matériau selon la direction des forces appliquées sur une éprouvette de forme circulaire.The present invention will be better understood with reference to the description of an exemplary embodiment and to the accompanying drawing schematically illustrating the breaking strength of this material according to the direction of the forces applied to a test piece of circular shape.
L'intérêt de matériaux contenant des fibres de cuir est connu depuis fort longtemps pour leur grande capacité d'absorption de l'eau, pour leur aptitude à fixer des colorants ou des matières grasses ou pour leur bonne isolation thermique. En outre, le volume des déchets de tanneries-mégisseries atteint des valeurs importantes , de sorte que les techniques permettant de recycler les déchets de cuir prennent actuellement une importance considérable. De nombreux procédés de défibrillation des déchets de cuir ont déjà été proposés. Les fibres obtenues sont en général très courtes et difficiles à lier entre elles ou à d'autres fibres telles que des fibres textiles naturelles ou synthétiques.The advantage of materials containing leather fibers has been known for a very long time for their high capacity for absorbing water, for their ability to fix dyes or fats or for their good thermal insulation. In addition, the volume of waste from tanneries and tame goods has reached significant values, so that techniques for recycling leather waste are currently taking on considerable importance. Many defibrillation methods for waste leather have already been proposed. The fibers obtained are generally very short and difficult to bind together or with other fibers such as natural or synthetic textile fibers.
Cette difficulté a été tournée grâce au procédé décrit ci-dessus, qui permet d'obtenir, par une opération d'aiguilletage, éventuellement complétée par une opération de suraiguilletage, un liage efficace et durable des fibres de cuir particulièrement courtes et des fibres textiles relativement longues par rapport aux fibres de cuir.This difficulty has been overcome by the process described above, which makes it possible to obtain, by a needling operation, optionally supplemented by an over-needling operation, an effective and lasting binding of particularly short leather fibers and relatively textile fibers. long compared to leather fibers.
Selon les propriétés que l'on souhaite obtenir, les fibres textiles peuvent être des fibres naturelles ou synthétiques telles que par exemple des fibres en polyester. Selon l'état de surface que l'on veut donner aux produits, la nappe superficielle peut être constituée par des fibres ayant des caractériâtlques bien définies. Par exemple, pour la réalisation d'une semelle de propreté, on peut utiliser des fibres acryliques à longs poils.Depending on the properties that it is desired to obtain, the textile fibers can be natural or synthetic fibers such as for example polyester fibers. Depending on the surface state that one wishes to give to the products, the surface layer may be made up of fibers having well-defined characteristics. For example, for the production of a sockliner, acrylic fibers with long bristles can be used.
L'utilisation de substances rigidifiantes permet d'avoir des proprié- tés de résistance à la rupture sensiblement isotropes dans le sens de la chaine, dans le sens de la trame et à 45 degrés.The use of stiffening substances makes it possible to have substantially isotropic tensile strength properties in the warp direction, in the weft direction and at 45 degrees.
La figure unique représente une éprouvette circulaire 10, sur laquelle on exerce des tractions radiales selon l'axe X'OX qui est l'axe de la trame, Y ' 0Y qui est l'axe de la chaîne et divers axes li formant divers angles par rapport à la chaine et à la trame. Le profil 12 illustre les déformations subies par l'éprouvette 10 sous l'effet des forces appliquées.The single figure represents a circular test piece 10, on which radial traction is exerted along the axis X'OX which is the axis of the weft, Y '0Y which is the axis of the chain and various axes li forming various angles in relation to the warp and the weft. Profile 12 illustrates the deformations undergone by the test piece 10 under the effect of the forces applied.
Le pourcentage de rigidifiant à l'état sec par rapport au produit fini est de préférence inférieur à 20%. Au-delà de ce pourcentage, les propriétés des fibres de cuir, c'est-à-dire le confort et la rétention de la vapeur d'eau, sont affectées.The percentage of stiffener in the dry state relative to the finished product is preferably less than 20%. Above this percentage, the properties of leather fibers, that is to say the comfort and retention of water vapor, are affected.
Les substances rigidifiantes utilisées sont de préférence constituées par des résines éventuellement colorées sous forme de latex. A titre d'exemple, on peut utiliser les résines suivantes - une résine acrylique sous forme de latex ou de dispersion donnant
le toucher, la raideur et la résistance à la couture.Cette résine
est utilisée en dispersion dans l'eau à raison de 50 à 200 g/l, - du styrène-butadiène en émulsion dans l'eau à raison de 20 à
250 g/l, donnant de bonnes propriétés de résistance à l'écrase
ment, - un latex de copolymère styrène-butadiène acrylonitrile, en suspen
sion dans l'eau, à raison de 10 à 100 g/l, en présence d'un cataly
seur de réaction donnant des propriétés d'élasticité et de douceur
au toucher, - des résines vinyliques, éthyliques, en suspension dans de l'eau
à raison de 10 à 50 g/l, modifiant le toucher.The stiffening substances used are preferably constituted by resins which may be colored in the form of latex. By way of example, the following resins can be used - an acrylic resin in the form of a latex or of a dispersion giving
touch, stiffness and resistance to sewing.
is used in dispersion in water at a rate of 50 to 200 g / l, - styrene-butadiene in emulsion in water at a rate of 20 to
250 g / l, giving good crush resistance properties
ment, - a latex of styrene-butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer, in suspension
sion in water, at a rate of 10 to 100 g / l, in the presence of a cataly
reaction sor giving elasticity and softness properties
to the touch, - vinyl, ethyl resins, suspended in water
at a rate of 10 to 50 g / l, modifying the feel.
Ces résines peuvent être chargées ou non de produits organiques tels que les polyalcools ou minéraux tels que le kaolin, la silice, etc.These resins may or may not be loaded with organic products such as polyalcohols or minerals such as kaolin, silica, etc.
La coloration des résines peut être effectuée par dispersion d'un colorant sous forme de laque non soluble dans l'eau telle que par exemple les substances commercialisées sous la dénomination néopralac et novester.The coloring of the resins can be carried out by dispersing a dye in the form of a lacquer that is not soluble in water, such as, for example, the substances sold under the name neopralac and novester.
A titre d'exemple, une nappe de feutre aiguilletée, calandrée est imprégnée par foulardage avec un taux d'exprimage variable de 50 à 200%. On utilise à cet effet un mélange de résines acryliques de 150 g/l, une résine de styrène-butadiène de 80 g/l, un latex nitrile de 20 g/l, un colorant à- raison de 2 g/l. On effectue un exprimage de 100%. For example, a needle-punched, calendered felt sheet is impregnated by padding with a variable expression rate of 50 to 200%. For this purpose, a mixture of acrylic resins of 150 g / l is used, a styrene-butadiene resin of 80 g / l, a nitrile latex of 20 g / l, a dye at the rate of 2 g / l. 100% expression is carried out.
Cette nappe est ensuite soumise successivement à un séchage à une température comprise en 80 et 1000 C, une réticulation à une température supérieure à 100-140 C pendant une durée allant de une à dix minutes, à un calandrage permettant de régulariser l'épaisseur de la nappe et d'obtenir un état de surface lisse et doux, à une rectification éventuelle effectuée à l'aide d'un cylindre abrasif permet tant de modifier l?état de la surface et, si un effet hydrophobe de surface veut être obtenu, à une pulvérisation de dispersion de polytêtrafluoréthylène ou de silicone ou de cire réticulable ou non à l'aide d'une résine.This sheet is then successively subjected to drying at a temperature between 80 and 1000 ° C., crosslinking at a temperature above 100-140 ° C. for a period ranging from one to ten minutes, to a calendering making it possible to regularize the thickness of the web and to obtain a smooth and soft surface state, to a possible rectification carried out using an abrasive cylinder makes it possible both to modify the state of the surface and, if a hydrophobic surface effect wants to be obtained, spraying polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone or crosslinkable or non-crosslinkable wax using a resin.
L'exemple ci-dessus n'est pas limitatif . D'autres résines ou d'autres dispersions peuvent être utilisées soit pour obtenir les mêmes caractéristiques du produit fini, soit pour obtenir des caractéristiques différentes en fonction des utilisations prévues. The above example is not limitative. Other resins or other dispersions can be used either to obtain the same characteristics of the finished product, or to obtain different characteristics depending on the intended uses.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8314584A FR2551773A1 (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1983-09-12 | Method of fabricating a felt composed of textile fibres and leather fibres, device for implementing this method, product obtained and use of this product |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8314584A FR2551773A1 (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1983-09-12 | Method of fabricating a felt composed of textile fibres and leather fibres, device for implementing this method, product obtained and use of this product |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2551773A1 true FR2551773A1 (en) | 1985-03-15 |
Family
ID=9292190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8314584A Withdrawn FR2551773A1 (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1983-09-12 | Method of fabricating a felt composed of textile fibres and leather fibres, device for implementing this method, product obtained and use of this product |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2551773A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996017532A1 (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-13 | Olivier Lhuillier | Sole-shaped sweat-absorbing disposable hygienic insert |
| FR2731325A1 (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-09-13 | Lhuillier Olivier Michel | Perspiration-absorbing insole for footwear |
| IT202100009206A1 (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2022-10-13 | Chiorino Tech S P A | NON-WOVEN FABRIC FROM WASTE OF TANNED LEATHER AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1538003A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1968-08-30 | New fabrics and non-woven fabrics, obtained in particular from chromed collagen fibers | |
| GB1147657A (en) * | 1965-11-13 | 1969-04-02 | S V I T Narodni Podnik | Improvements in or relating to leather substitutes |
| US3619275A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1971-11-09 | Michael Barash | Fibrous sheet material |
| EP0079398A1 (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-05-25 | Chemokol Gesellschaft zur Entwicklung von Kollagenprodukten | Process for the manufacture of collagen material for surgical purposes |
-
1983
- 1983-09-12 FR FR8314584A patent/FR2551773A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1147657A (en) * | 1965-11-13 | 1969-04-02 | S V I T Narodni Podnik | Improvements in or relating to leather substitutes |
| US3619275A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1971-11-09 | Michael Barash | Fibrous sheet material |
| FR1538003A (en) * | 1967-03-01 | 1968-08-30 | New fabrics and non-woven fabrics, obtained in particular from chromed collagen fibers | |
| EP0079398A1 (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-05-25 | Chemokol Gesellschaft zur Entwicklung von Kollagenprodukten | Process for the manufacture of collagen material for surgical purposes |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996017532A1 (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-13 | Olivier Lhuillier | Sole-shaped sweat-absorbing disposable hygienic insert |
| FR2731325A1 (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-09-13 | Lhuillier Olivier Michel | Perspiration-absorbing insole for footwear |
| FR2731326A1 (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1996-09-13 | Lhuillier Olivier Michel | JETABLE HYGIENIC MATTRESSES WITH TRANSIENT ABSORBER CUSHION IN THE FORM OF SOLE, MULES OR BALLERINA |
| GB2311204A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1997-09-24 | Oliver Lhuillier | Sole-shaped sweat-absorbing disposable hygenic insert |
| GB2311204B (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1999-02-10 | Oliver Lhuillier | Sole-shaped sweat-absorbing disposable hygenic insert |
| US5935671A (en) * | 1994-12-08 | 1999-08-10 | Lhuillier; Olivier | Sole-shaped sweat-absorbing disposable hygienic insert |
| IT202100009206A1 (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2022-10-13 | Chiorino Tech S P A | NON-WOVEN FABRIC FROM WASTE OF TANNED LEATHER AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
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