FR2487185A1 - Inner bath unit for elderly and physically handicapped - consists of seat with rounded back and head support, arm rests and non slip covering - Google Patents

Abstract

The bath unit for physically handicapped and old people comprises a seat (1) incorporated in the shell of the bath and a frame. The seat has a raised convex curve (2) followed by a concavely-curved (3) rim to take a non-slip cushion (8) under the user's posterior. The curve is extended into a rounded back-rest (4) with neck support (5). Two movable arm-rests (7) and a non-slip covering (6) provide security with a hole (10) in the base. Removal of either armrest provides lateral access to the bath from each side. The unit may be mounted on carriages which slide vertically on posts enabling the height of the unit w.r.t. the fixed bath to be varied.

Description

 The present invention relates to the production of a set of baths allowing people with reduced motility to do their ablutions without assistance from a third person, in most cases of disability.

 This set of baths can be adapted according to the nature of the handicap or the arrangement of the bathroom. I1 has a bathtub easily accessible to a motor handicapped person and fitted out, either to allow a handicapped person previously installed on a wheeled shower chair, to enter it without difficulty with his armchair, or in a shoe and equipped, in the latter case, with various devices facilitating access, without any risk of falling, to its seat; while other devices ensure the safe use of this bathtub, whatever its layout.

 In the field of baths intended for "the elderly and infirm," the previous inventions consist essentially of devices, accessories or improvements such as standing appliances, invalid's chair, lift and drop seat adaptable to traditional baths and whose safety use by a physically disabled person often requires the presence and help of a third person.

 Others. bathtubs, with or without an interior seat, are equipped with different systems ensuring their vertical retrieval in order to allow the approach against their edge of a patient-carrying trolley whose base can be slid into the space then available under their bottom momentarily lifted off the ground, thus facilitating the installation, by the nursing staff, of a disabled person in the bathtub.

 One of these baths, which is commercially available, is furthermore provided with a side door which opens as well as a door for the car or refrigerator, towards the outside, and whose principle of opening may impose on a disabled person in a wheelchair multiple maneuvers around the door that can only be avoided with the help of a third person, also useful in order to avoid a disabled person who has lost his abdominal muscle belt risks of slipping or falling which could be cohesive with an excessive offset of the center of gravity of the body of the user forced to lean diagonally outward to fold the bathtub door towards him.

 t lton also finds a bathtub opening by the front whose essential advantage is to exempt a disabled person from stepping over the edge; but this bathtub, by not eliminating the obligatory displacement, from one plane to another of different height, of the center of gravity of the body of the user, always offers risks of slipping or falling due to the loss of contact , either with its seat for a disabled person in a wheelchair, or with any support point, generally in overhang, and therefore requires the presence and help of a third person in almost all cases of motor handicap.

 Finally, the various fittings arrangements, which do not always exclude the risk of injury or burns, often make it difficult to access tap control buttons, the handle of a mixer or the handle of a single-lever shower head. disabled person installed in his bathtub, which must then be filled by a third person, who must also help with the toilet.

 The object of the present invention is to facilitate use by all persons with reduced motility, without the risk of lateral or forward slipping, both in the case of spasticity and in that of failure of the muscular controls, and without risk of injury or burns which could be serious for disabled people who have lost tactile sensitivity, of a bathtub fitted either in a hoof or to allow a disabled user, installed on a wheelchair, to take their seats without difficulty, with their wheelchair.

 The seat of the bathtub fitted as a shoe, located at the same height as that of a wheelchair seat, is easily accessible without risk of falling, even in the case of a wet surface, a motor disabled person can operate his transfer from the seat of his wheelchair brought next to the seat of the bathtub, in direct support on his armchair and an adjustable suspension bracket, fixed on a gantry suitable for the bathtub.

 The simplicity of the pendulum movement adopted in fact offers the user the advantage of helping the lateral displacement of the center of gravity of his body, in the same portion of horizontal plane determined by the two seats arranged side by side, without any loss of contact. with its direct support points.

 The first device of the invention is designed to face the access to the seat of the bath, depending on the type of handicap of the user or the layout of the bathroom.

 We can make a set consisting of a fixed seat, located at the same height as that of a wheelchair seat, and a bathtub shell with solid walls pivoting on its geometric axis around the seat. The shell has two cylindrical pins arranged outside the two narrow walls and projecting in alignment on the same edge; it can pivot in support on these two pins rotating in two bearings by means of which it rests either on the gantry framing the bathtub or on a frame bearing on the ground and forming a cradle. The seat can be suspended in a cradle on the porch or fixed to the frame by two anchor points located above the geometric axis of the full-walled hull; these anchor points are designed so that they allow the seat to be removed, which can therefore be replaced, if necessary, by an anatomical seat suitable for the user.

 The shell can pivot so as to completely free access to the seat on which the disabled user installs without difficulty, and then returns to its normal position for use for bathing; its pivoting, in one direction or the other, which can be ensured by a pulley, gear or balance mechanism, controlled manually or by electric servo-control, or even be helped by compensating springs and a counterweight. Additional safety devices can be provided to secure the hull, the bottom of which can rest on load-bearing rollers. The controls of the mechanism ensuring the pivoting of the shell and its locking in its different positions are placed within easy reach of a user seated on his wheelchair or installed on the seat of the bathtub.

 When the bath is finished, the disabled user empties the water after release from the plug, the operation of which he can control by simple pressure on a small lever acting on a deflection linkage and placed within reach of his hand, then rotates the hull in order to free the seat to reach his wheelchair which remained next to the bathtub.

 According to a first variant, and if the arrangement of the bathroom allows it, it is possible to make a bathtub comprising a fixed shell with solid walls and a movable seat, included in the shell, rising vertically up to the height of a wheelchair seat.

The bathtub shell is embedded in the ground to halfway up or to the edge of its walls; the movable seat can be raised vertically thanks to a hydropneumatic or scissor mechanism, single or double, which can be controlled manually or by electric servo.

 According to a second variant using conical relationships, it is possible to produce an assembly composed of two bathtub shells inscribable in four straight conical tabs opposite two by two having the same axis of revolution, and interlocking by concentric translation. The inner shell in which the seat is fixed, has a lateral opening arranged over one or the other length. This opening completely freeing access to the seat, can be closed by applying edge to edge of the outer shell to solid walls; the sealing of the inner shell being ensured, at the end of the race, by the concentric pressure exerted on a joint which may be flat, grooved or yeast. The two bathtub shells being mobile or one fixed and the other mobile to bring the seat of the inner shell up to that of a wheelchair seat, each of the centripetal and centrifugal movements can be controlled manually or by electrical control by acting on a Simple or double scissor mechanism, placed between the two shells or framing the bathtub at its bedside and at its foot.

 According to a third variant also using conical relationships, two bathtub shells can be produced which can be written in two trunks of straight cones opposite from the top. The hull with solid walls, mobile and having its bottom up, is located under the hull containing the seat and has a lateral opening which it closes by concentric translation after turning over its geometric axis; the maneuver being controlled by a double scissor mechanism and provided with an eccentric determining the lemniscate of its movement. In the case of the two variants above, the quadric relationships between the walls of the outer and inner shells have their thickness as a constant.

 According to a fourth variant, it is possible to use only a single fixed bathtub shell, having a lateral opening completely freeing access to its seat, situated at the height only of that of a wheelchair seat.

This opening can be closed by a door giving access to the seat by opening either upwards thanks to a pivot system which allows it to travel 180 degrees; either longitudinally using a sliding or sliding system; either down thanks to a sliding system, guillotine, toggle, diffirential, telescoping, tilting or double articulation. The tightness of the bath, depending on the system used, being ensured, at the end of the downward, longitudinal or upward travel of the door, by a vertical or eccentric pressure exerted on a joint which can be grooved, lip, throat and lip, flat, flat and lip or slat. The opening and closing operations of the door can be controlled manually or by electrical servo, and be assisted by inert gas cylinders, refillable or no.

 Finally, if the dimensions of the bathroom are reduced to the point of not allowing a handicapped user moving in a wheelchair, to leave his chair next to the bathtub, we can make an opening shell on one or the other side. 'other width and which can contain a wheelchair, not integral with the hull whose bottom rests on the ground. The disabled user can then sit on his bath chair outside of the bathtub into which he enters, having to cross, without difficulty, a low threshold, constituted by a slight raising of the bottom of the hull, serving as a stop for the door which closes the opening by closing behind the back of the wheelchair.

 Whichever variant is adopted, additional safety devices can be provided to control the water level and prevent overflow, such as blocking the flow of the filling water from the bathtub in automatic relation with a suitable locking of the door or shell in normal position for use in the bath or, automatic stop filling of the bathtub as soon as the water level reaches its high point, which can be predetermined depending on the handicap of the user, in addition to a possibly oversized overflow drain.

The object of the second device of the invention is to eliminate any risk of lateral or forward slipping, both in the case of spasticity and in that of failure of the muscular controls.

 It consists of a seat designed to ensure the best support for the body, a noema in the case of a handicap that has led to the loss of the abdominal muscles. This seat, depending on the bathtub variant adopted according to the user's handicap or the layout of the washroom, is adaptable to the wheelchair on which the user sits before entering the bathtub or integral with a shell in which it can be molded or fixed to a frame molded in the shell, or else anchored on a frame or on the gantry supporting the shell and seat.

 The seat, which can be fitted with a neckrest and liftable and removable armrests, whether or not, as well as offering attachment points for straps, has a rounded edge. a convex curvature followed by a concave curvature sufficient to receive, optionally, a non-slip foam cushion or inflatable with water or air, not forming part of the present invention, and accommodable under the gluteal region d '' a disabled person predisposed to bedsores.

 It is possible to perfect the elimination of the risks of slipping thanks to the arrangement in the whole lower part of the seat or of the shell, according to the adopted variant, of a non-slip surface which can be molded and whose drawing apart, mimics in the case of contractures, any risk of injury to the feet, which could be serious for disabled people who have lost tactile sensitivity.

 Finally, although designed to ensure the best possible support for the body, the seat which can be made removable thanks to its frame fixing or anchoring system, adaptable according to the bathtub variant, can always, if necessary , To be replaced by an anatomical seat more particularly adapted to a disabled user.

 The third device of the invention aims to eliminate the risk of injury or burns which could be serious for the disabled who have lost tactile sensitivity, and to allow the user installed on his seat to do his ablutions without the help from a third party, in most cases of disability.

 I1 consists of a recess molded under the upper edge of the side wall disposed along the wall or opposite the access device to the seat of the bathtub, arranged in a shoe; this embedding makes it possible to house the taps on the outside of the wall, which has either one or two macaroon openings allowing the filling water to flow into the bath by sliding on the inside of the wall. The fitting of fittings is carried out in such a way that the tap control buttons, the mixer handle or the lever for operating the drain plug, located above the upper edge of the wall, do not protrude. inside the bathtub shell and are within easy reach of the disabled user seated against his seat back. The upper edge of the wall supporting the taps offers a sufficient width, of about ten centimeters , to also receive a storage holder for apple handle, the flexible hose of which can be unwound along a guide.

 This device can receive, optionally not part of the present invention, a thermostatic valve 1 it can also be arranged to allow the installation of a container containing liquid soap which the user can dose at will the mixture with the bath water, connecting an ozone bottle or fixing a supply of forced air for hydrotherapy massages.

 The purpose of the fourth device of the invention is to eliminate any risk of falling, even in the case of a soft wet surface, - by providing the best direct support for a disabled person in a wheelchair proceeding, while only, on its lateral transfer, from the seat of its armchair to that of the bathtub arranged in a hoof, or vice versa.

 I1 consists of a gantry bearing on the ground and framing the bathtub which it can be attached to; this gantry is equipped with a mobile suspension jib, the depth of stroke length of which can be adjusted thanks to a rack and pinion system. The gantry, easily removable, is constructed using profiled tubes, made of unalterable light alloy 'hu mixed, braced and assembled together by adjustable mouthpieces, and it offers sufficient bearing capacity to ensure, even in the case of a heavy user, the best direct support point. without the case of the pivoting bathtub shell on its geometric axis around its fixed seat, the gantry can, depending on the option adopted, receive the seat anchoring system as well as the two bearings in which the two external pins present rotate by the hull and allowing its pivoting.

 The portico, which makes it possible to avoid all masonry work to seal in the walls or the ceiling with the soil of baths of the grab bars, generally in rate door, or a bracket of suspension, can be provided, on that of its lengths arranged along the wall or opposite the device for accessing the seat of the bathtub arranged in a hoof, with a panel which is fixed venically above the rim of the bathtub, or which can be moved horizontally. This panel is open on both sides in order to have, whatever its position of use, within reach of a disabled user seated all his toiletries, as well as a shower head support.

 The gantry can also receive, optionally not part of the present invention, a rail supporting an expandable water laugh that the user wishing to touch can manipulate using cords pulled directly with the hand, or wound on one or two reels; the shower head can be either fixed at the top of the gantry, or suspended, at the end of its flexible pipe, on a support placed at arm's length on the suspension bracket or on the side panel in vertical position.

 The appended drawings illustrate, by way of nonlimiting examples, the embodiments of the various devices in accordance with those of the present invention.

 The bathroom assembly according to the present invention is characterized in that the accessibility and the safety of use of the bathtub, whatever its arrangement, frees users with reduced motility, in most cases of handicap, assistance from a third person to help them do their ablutions or settle in, with or without the help of lifting devices or load transporters, in bathtubs that are more or less difficult to access, and the use of which is not always free from the risk of serious accidents.

 The present invention is also characterized in that its realization is based, depending on the nature of the handicap of the user or the layout of the bathroom, on the principle of the constitution of a variable assembly offering different possibilities of intersection or inclusion of three sub-assemblies, gantry, shell and adaptable seat, including the various safety devices ensuring accessibility as well as safe use of the bathtub, whatever its arrangement, are elements which contribute to the independence of the disabled person. A fourth sub-assembly, the cradle-free frame, can intervene in certain variant embodiments of the bath set, either to provide additional security by allowing a better distribution-of loads or to better accommodate an operating mechanism, or, in some cases, to replace the gantry.

 The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of non-limiting examples, various embodiments of the bath assembly using, in whole or in part, sub-assemblies and devices in accordance with those of the present invention.

 As shown on board 1/3, the bathroom set includes a bath fitted as a shoe, the fixed seat (1) of which is anchored above the geometric axis of the pivoting shell with solid walls ( 11), either on the batl forming a cradle (read), or on the gantry (20) adapted to the bathtub, access to the seat (7) being completely released by the pivoting, -supporting on the frame (19) or on the gantry (20), of the shell (11) which then returns to its normal position of use for the bath.

 The seat t1) is designed to ensure the best support for the body and to eliminate any risk of lateral or forward slips, both in the case of spasticity and in that of failure of muscle controls. It has an edge raised by a convex curvature t2J followed by a concave curvature (3>, prolonged by the enveloping rounded file (4) which ends in a neck rest (5) and which has the boss (9) on its back ) of the anchoring device, the other boss (9a) of which is located, in alignment above the geometrical axis of the seat (1), on the face of the wall opposite the backrest (4). risk of slipping, a non-slip coating (6) is molded over the entire sole of the seat (1), which serves as a footrest, and in which an orifice (10) is also arranged to correspond with the drain (13) of the bathtub shell (1l); the design of the non-slip coating eliminates, even in the case of contractures, any risk of injury to the feet which could be serious for disabled people who have lost tactile sensitivity. Finally, the seat t1) is provided with an armrest (7), arranged on its side opposite to that of its access, and can receive , optionally not part of the present invention, a non-slip cushion (8) of foam or inflatable with air or water, which can be accommodated under the gluteal region of a handicapped person predisposed to bedsores.

 The cohstruction of the seat (1) on a rigid sole and frame makes it possible to make the elements 2, 3 and 4 removable, which rest on a frame arranged inside the frame, and which can be replaced, as an option, by a anatomical seat more specifically adapted to the morphoiogy of a disabled user suffering from multiple malformations.

 The full-walled shell (11) has two pins (12 and 12 bis), each of which projects from one of the vertices of each of its narrow walls. These two pins (12 and 12 bis), arranged in alignment on the same one of the shell (11), are supported respectively, by means of two brackets (14 and 14 bis) making use of lever arms, on two cylindrical pins t15 and 15a) which are the ends of an axis molded in the shell (11), parallel to its geometrical axis and eccentric with respect to the latter being situated outside the side wall (16) opposite the side by which you access the seat (1) of the bathtub.

The two pins (15 and 5 bis) rotate in two fixed bearings either on the gantry tZu) or on the frame t19J, and serve as support for the pivoting of the full-walled hull (11, which allows to completely free access to the seat of the bathtub (1), located at the same height as that of a wheelchair seat t24), and on which a physically disabled person can stand, all alone, without difficulty. The shell (11) then resumes its normal position for use in the bath and can only be filled after its proper locking, controlled by a safety device preventing any flow of water by blocking the taps as long as the locking of the full-walled hull (11) is not insured.

 In order to avoid any risk of injury or burns which could be serious for disabled people who have lost their tactile feeling, a fitting recess (17) is provided under the upper edge, and outside the side wall. (16) opposite the wall disappearing by pivoting the shell (11) to give access to the seat (1). This recess (17) makes it possible to eliminate all projections of taps inside the bath shell (11) in which the water for filling the bath flows by sliding on the inner side of the wall (16> in which a macaroon opening is provided (18>. The tap control buttons or the mixer handle, as well as the small lever controlling the operation of the drain (13), are arranged vertically above the upper edge of the wall. 16), within easy reach of the user installed on their bath seat (1), and do not protrude inside the shell (1) In order to complete the elimination of the risk of burns, this recess (17) can receive, optionally not part of the present invention, a thermostatic valve, previously adjusted or not, to ensure the desired temperature of the bath water, depending on the handicap of the user.

 The pivoting of the full-walled hull (11) can be helped by a counterweight of the inert gas cylinders, refillable or not, and can be controlled manually or by electric servo, by acting on a balance, pulley or gear mechanism ensuring , at the end of the hull's upward travel, its locking in the normal position for use in the bath.

 The frame forming a cradle (19) and the gantry adapted to the bathtub (20) both have housings arranged to receive the bosses (9 and 9a) allowing the seat of the bathtub to be tightened ( 1) above the geometrical axis of the shell (11), as well as the pads allowing the rotation of the lugs (15 and 15 bis) serving to support the pivoting of this full-walled bath shell (11). They can also, both, receive in their base a fixed frame or moving laterally following the shell (11) in its pivoting, and containing carrier rollers on which the bottom of the bathtub shell rests ( 11).

 The gantry (20) is equipped with a movable bracket (21), the position and the length of the lateral stroke are adjustable by means of a screw or rack mechanism (22), housed in the top of the gantry (20). The bearing capacity of this bracket (21) allows to offer the user traveling in a wheelchair, whatever his body size, the best direct support point to proceed, all alone and without any risk of falling, even in the case of a wet surface, to its lateral transfer from its armchair (24) brought next to the bathtub, to the seat (1) or vice versa, the height of the two seats t1 and 24) being normalized. ensuring the displacement, without risk of falling, of the center of gravity of the body of the user in the same portion of horizontal plane passing through the two seats (1 and 24> disposed adjacent to each other, is sufficient to allow the pivoting of the walled hull full (11) completely freeing access to the bathtub seat (1).

 The gantry (20) can, as an option, be equipped with a panel (23) fixed vertically above the wall (16), directly above the control buttons of the built-in tap fittings, or folding up to horizontal, and open on its two sides to allow, whatever its position of use, to have all its toilet instruments within reach of a motor disabled person seated pressing against his seat back (4) ( 1). The gantry (20) can also receive, optionally not part of the present invention, a rail which can support a shower curtain.

 The manufacture in accordance with the present invention, of the bathroom assembly adaptable according to the handicap of the user or the layout of the bathroom, is provided in materials offering the best impact resistance, with batten and steam, and ensuring the longest shelf life of the bath strip.

 The use of alloy housing profiles unalterable to moisture, packaged in easily removable and interchangeable elements, for the construction of the gantry and the frame, allows the adaptation of the latter to the different variants of bathtubs provided by the present invention.

 For the bathtub, the production is provided in light alloy foundry or in resins allowing the obtaining of shells and seats by thermoforming or thermosetting, the laminates employed being reinforced, or not, with fiberglass.

Their mechanical and thermomechanical properties, resistance to hot water and steam, as well as chemical resistance to cleaning agents, determine the choice of one or other of these materials which have the advantage of allowing the realization of simple structures for all options molding adapted to the different forms of handicap.

 Thanks to its relatively low weight, from 15 to 20 kilograms for the removable gantry, and from 30 to 40 kilograms for the bathtubs, the bath set, object of the present invention, is easily transportable in the event of a move, the installation from one accommodation to another, which can be facilitated by the use of flexible universal connectors, adaptable to the various arrangements of water inlets and waste water evacuation.

 The present invention, all of whose devices contribute to the independence of movements of users with motor disabilities or by age, aims to allow people with reduced mobility installed or reinstalled at home, to overcome, in most cases of handicap, the assistance of a third person to make their ablutions.

 In the field of public health, the present invention can help improve the effectiveness of hygiene care, by facilitating the increase in their frequency of distribution to patients hospitalized in centers for the treatment of neurological and traumatic conditions or in motor rehabilitation. , in health establishments or in nursing homes.

 In the hotel field, the present invention could increase the comfort of the Accommodation conditions of establishments already accessible to the large and weak motor handicapped as well as to the handicapped in wheelchairs, and which will be able to offer their often subject residents, by their handicap , urinary incontinence, better opportunities to perform an act of hygiene that is essential to them.

Claims (10)

 7 X n  1 set of baths for disabled and elderly people, characterized in that its realization is based on the combination, variable, of a seat (1 or 26) of a bathtub shell (11 or 11 bis) and a frame (19) or a portico (20) which can be converted, depending on the nature of the user's handicap or the layout of the bathroom; the safety and ease of its use, an invariant property of this set of baths, allowing people with reduced motility to overcome, in almost all cases of disability, the presence and help of a third person, to do their ablutions.  2. Bath set according to claim 1, characterized in that the seat (1) built for the arrangement of a hip bath, on a sole and a rigid frame, present, uour ensuring the best support of the body by eliminating all risks of lateral or forward slips, an edge raised by a convex curvature (2) followed by a concave curvature (3) sufficient to accommodate an anti-slip cushion (8) under the gluteal region of a predisposed handicapped person at ltescarre, and extended by an enveloping rounded back (4) comprising a neck support (5); elements 2, 3, 4 and 5 can, if necessary, be replaced by an anatomical seat more particularly adapted to the morphology of a handicapped person suffering from bone malformations, the seat (1) is furthermore provided with two removable armrests ( 7 and 7a) and, molded over the entire part of its sole serving as a footrest, with a non-slip coating (6) whose design eliminates any risk of injury to the feet, even in the case of contractures, while that is also arranged in its sole an orifice (10) whose location and diameter correspond to those of a drain (13) of the bathtub shell (11)  3. Bath set according to claims 1, and 2, characterized in that, whatever the variant adopted from a hip bath, the seat (1) accessible laterally, from one side or the other thanks to the removable armrests (7 and 7a), can always be brought or located at the same height as that of a wheelchair seat (24); two external bosses (9 and 9a) located in alignment above its geometric axis, allowing either to anchor the seat (1) on the frame arranged in a cradle (19) or- on the gantry adapted to the bathtub (20 ), or to make it integral with a mechanism bringing it to a standard height in order to allow a motor handicapped person who usually moves in a wheelchair, to proceed, without any risk of falling, to his transfer from a seat to the other, the center of gravity of its body being transferred in the same portion of horizontal plane passing through the seat (1) and the seat of the wheelchair t24) arranged at its side.  4. Bath set according to claim 1, characterized in that the bathtub shell (11 or 11a) reinforces, in order to eliminate all risks of injury or burns which could be serious for disabled people who have lost tactile sensitivity, a fitting recess (17) arranged in such a way that the taps do not compact any projection inside the bathtub, as well as their commando buttons, the joystick of a mixer or the small lever controlling the knotty of the drain (13) by acting on a deflection linkage, which are placed within easy reach of a user installed in his seat (1 or 26); the filling water of the bath flowing through a macaroon opening (18) arranged in the wall t16J supporting the fitting of fittings t17) molded under the upper rim and on the outside of the wall (16).  5 bathroom seems according to claim 1, characterized in that the gantry (20) framing the bath of which it can be integral, as well as the frame forming cradle (19), serving as support for the various devices and mechanisms ensuring the pivoting lateral or vertical translation of the shell with solid walls (11) as well as anchoring or vertical translation of the seat (1) in order to facilitate access to the latter, is equipped with a bracket (21b whose position and the length of the lateral stroke on its support (22) can be adjusted using a simple worm gear, return screw or rack mechanism, which eliminates any risk of falling, even in the case of a surface wet, by offering the best direct point of support for a motor disabled person in a wheelchair, to proceed, all alone, to its lateral transfer from his armchair (24) to the seat (1) of the bathtub fitted as a shoe, or vice versa; the gantry (20) can also be equipped with a purlin lateral water t23) fixed vertically or folding up to the horizontal, and open on both sides to allow, whatever its position of use, to have all its toiletries within reach of the user .  6 set of baths according to claims 1, 3 and 5, ca acterized in that it may include a bath tub resulting from the inclusion of the seat (1) in the shell with solid walls (11), one and the other being integral with the frame forming a cradle (19J or of the gantry suitable for the bathtub t20), the seat (1) being anchored either on the frame (read), or on the gantry (20), at the same height as that a wheelchair seat (24), by its two external bosses (9 and 9a) above the geometric axis of the hull (11) pivoting around the seat (1), resting on two cylindrical pins (15 and 15 bis) rotating in two corresponding bearings, fixed either on the frame (19) or on the gantry (20); the full-walled shell (11) resting on the two pins (15 and 15 bis) by two brackets acting as lever arms (14 and 14 bis) and supporting two protruding pins (12 and 12 bis), each of them on one of the vertices of each of its two narrow walls, in alignment above the two cylindrical pins (15 and 15 bis) which are the ends of its pivot, eccentric of its geometric axis and arranged on the outside of the side wall (16) opposite the side through which the seat (1) is accessed.  7. bathroom assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the access to the monkey (1) is completely cleared by the pivoting of the bathtub shell with solid walls (11) whose bottom rests, or not, on rollers carriers, the pivoting, in one direction or the other, of the shell (11) which can be helped by a counterweight and inert gas cylinders, rechargeable or not, which can be controlled manually or by electric servo, by acting on a pendulum mechanism, with pulleys or gears ensuring, at the end of the upward stroke of the hull (11), its locking in the normal position of use for the bath; additional safety devices which can be fitted, by establishing an automaxical relationship between the flow of the bath water and the appropriate locking of the shell or bathtub with solid walls t11).  8. Bath set according to claims 1, 3 and 6, characterized in that it may comprise, if the arrangement of the bathroom allows or requires it, a claw-foot bathtub resulting from the concentric inclusion of the seat t1) in the full-walled hull t embedded in the ground, the seat (1) being secured, by its two external bosses (9 and 9a), with a single or double scissor mechanism, housed either in the frame forming cradle (19) either in the gantry framing the bathtub (20), and ensuring its centrifugal translation along the axis of revolution common to the seat (1) and to the shell 11), up to the height of a wheelchair seat (24), or cen fiddles until it is included in the normal position of use for the bath, in the shell (11); the movement of the mechanism being able to be helped by a hydraulic or hydropneumatic device and to be controlled manually or by electric servo.  9. Bath set according to claims 1, 2 and 8, ca characterized in that the seat t1) which is constructed on a rigid sole and frame, can be streamlined so as to form a monohull bathtub (1a) sensing a side opening which can be closed by an opening-up door thanks to a pivot system allowing it to travel 180 degrees, longitudinally thanks to a sliding or sliding system, or downwards thanks to a system slides with single or double articulation, telescoping, guillotine, differential or tilting, either by the external shell with full walls t11) disposed under the shell t1 bis), on which it comes, after having carried out, or not, a reversal on its geometric axis, apply edge to edge by simple concentric translation along the axis of revolution common to the two shells (1a and 11) which can both be mobile or, one fixed and the other mobile; each of the centrist and centrifugal movements can be controlled manually or by electric servo, by acting on a mechanism with single or double chisel or with double chisel with eccentric.  10. Bath set according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that it can include a hip bath resulting from the inclusion of a soft chair (26) in the opening shell on one of its narrow walls (11a), having on its bottom a sliding frame secured to the opening and closing operation of the door, and guiding the horizontal movement of the chair (26) which is presented by its front, out of the opening shell (11a); the shower chair tZ6) which can also, if the layout of the bathroom prevents any maneuver of lateral access to the bathtub in a wheelchair, be separated from the shell (11a) to facilitate the transfer of the user to the shower chair (26) which then easily crosses the small threshold serving as a lower stop for the door closing the opening of the shell (11a) which has = above the upper edges of its two side walls, two handrails (25 and 25 bis) on which the user rests to enter and guide his chair (26) in the hull with an opening wall (11 miss.