FI86556C - TVAOLKOMPOSITION. - Google Patents

Description

1 86556

This invention relates to personal cleansing compositions for personal washing, such as skin soaps, which contain a complex of guar gum, a fatty acid and an alkali metal hydroxide to improve foam and mildness.

Soap bars based on soap (alkali metal salts of fatty acids) are commonly used to cleanse the human body. A variety of additives have been proposed to be incorporated into skin soap bars to improve the physical properties of the bar (hardness, wear rate, water resistance), the soap bar performance properties (foam properties such as volume and texture) and the feel that the soap-15 has on the skin during and after washing.

For example, foam healing has been achieved in many ways. First, soaps derived from shorter-chain fatty acids, such as coconut fatty acids, are known to produce much more foam than soaps made from longer-chain fatty acids, such as tallow fatty acids. It has been common practice in the manufacture of skin soap to add up to about 50% coconut - ;;; nut fatty acid to tallow fatty acid feedstock already used in soap making. Second, overweighting agents such as free coconut fatty acid are also known to improve the volume and abundance of foam produced by skin soap when added to soap bars in amounts up to about 10%. However, higher amounts of coconut fatty acid soaps have a detrimental effect on the softness of the 30 soaps, as free coconut fatty acids can cause undesirable softening of the soap bar. Further, coconut soaps and fatty acids are both expensive commodities; it would be desirable to achieve improvements in foaming without resorting to large amounts of these ingredients.

2 86556

It has also been found that the addition of polymeric materials to skin soaps can have a beneficial effect on the foaming properties of the soap bar without adversely affecting other properties of the soap bar. These polymers should be soluble or dispersible in water to a concentration of at least 1% by weight and preferably at least 5% by weight at 25 ° C. Suitable polymers include high molecular weight materials (weight average molecular weight as determined, for example, by light scattering, generally being about.

20,000 to 5,000,000, preferably about 50,000 to 4,000,000, and more preferably about 500,000 to 3,000,000) and preferably have such a thickening capacity that a 1% dispersion of the polymer in water at 20 ° C exceeds n. 1 Pa.s. at a cutting speed of 10 s. Useful polymers include cationic, nonionic amphoteric and anionic polymers useful in the cosmetic field. Cationic and nonionic resins and mixtures thereof are preferred. Cationic resins are very preferred. The content of the polymer is about 0.01-5%, preferably about 0.1-2%. (Unless otherwise specified, all 20% in this specification are by weight and). Suitable cationic polymers include cationic guar gums such as hydroxypropoxyltrimethylammonium guar gum, such as that commercially available under the tradenames Jaguar C-17 and Jaguar 015, marketed by Hi-Tek Polymers, Louisville, Kentucky. Nonionic polymers include guar gum and hydroxypropyl guar gum.

This invention relates to a soap assembly (or skin soap bar) containing about 65-90% by weight of alkali metal soap (calculated as anhydrous). 0.5 to 8% by weight of nonionic guar gum, which is obtained by pre-reacting a complex of nonionic guar gum, a fatty acid and an alkali metal hydroxide (i.e., incorporating it) (hereinafter referred to as "guar gum"). gum-FA complex "). The guar gum-FA complex is prepared by suspending one part by weight of nonionic guar gum in about 1 to 12 parts by weight of molten (liquefied) fatty acid and reacting them with about 1 to 12 parts by weight of molten (liquefied) fatty acid.

3 86556 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight of alkali metal hydroxide per part by weight of fatty acid.

Compared to conventional soap bars or soap bars containing either non-ionic guar gum or fatty acid or both, the skin soap bars of this invention have improved foaming properties when used by humans to cleanse the body and are extremely mild. For example, the volume of foam produced by the soap bars of the present invention is somewhat greater than the volume of foam produced by the base soap bars alone and is almost equal to the volume of foam produced by soap bars that contain an excess of coconut fatty acid soap. Likewise, the foaming rate 15 of the soap bars of the present invention is considerably higher than that of the basic soap bars alone and is almost equal to that of the corresponding soap bars containing an excess of coconut fatty acid soap. Both the volume volume and the foaming rate of the soap bars of the present invention are significantly greater than the corresponding properties of the corresponding soap bars containing an excess of guar gum and sodium hydroxide. The creaminess of the foam produced by the soap bars of the present invention; is significantly higher than the foam produced by soap bars containing plain coconut fat-25 acid soap or nonionic guar gum. Furthermore, the skin soap bars of the present invention have a significantly improved wear rate compared to skin soap bars without: additives and somewhat improved wear rates compared to soap bars containing only coconut fatty acid soaps or nonionic guar gum. Likewise, the fat layer of the soap bars of the present invention (i.e., the soft water-soap layer that remains on the surface of the skin soap after the bar is allowed to stand in a pool of water) is much less than soap bars containing 35 nonionic guar gums and is fully equal to small than that) obtained with soap bars containing an excess of coconut fatty acid.

4 86556

The soap component of the compositions in question is an alkali metal (e.g. sodium or potassium) soap or a mixture of soaps of fatty acids having from about 8 to 24 and preferably from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms. The fatty acids used in the preparation of soaps 5 can be obtained from natural sources such as glycerides of vegetable or animal origin (e.g. palm oil, coconut oil, babassu oil, soybean oil, castor oil, whale oil, fish oil, tallow, lubricating fat, laard oil, lubricating grease).

Fatty acids can also be prepared synthetically (e.g. by oxidizing petroleum feedstocks by the Fischer-Tropsch process).

Alkali metal soaps can be prepared by direct saponification of fats and oils or by neutralizing free fatty acids, which are prepared in a separate manufacturing process. Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of mixtures of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, i.e., sodium and potassium tallow and coconut soaps.

20 The term "tallow" is used herein in the context of fatty acid mixtures which typically have an approximate carbon chain length distribution of 2.5% Cl 2, 29% Cl 2, 23% C 18, 2% palmitolein, 41.5% oil and 3 % linoleic acid (the first three fatty acids listed are saturated). Other mixtures with a similar distribution, such as fatty acids derived from different animal and lard, are also included in the term tallow. Tallow can also be cured (i.e., hydrated) to convert unsaturated fatty acid compounds to partially or fully saturated fatty acid compounds.

As the terms "coconut oil" and "coconut fatty acid" (CNFA) are used herein, they refer to fatty acid blends that typically have an approximate carbon chain length distribution of about 8% Cg, 7% C18, 48% 17%. 9% Cl 2, 2% Cl 2, 7% oil and 2% linoleic acid. (The first six fatty acids listed are saturated). Other sources with a corresponding carbon chain length distribution, such as palm kernel oil and babassu core oil, are included in the terms coconut oil and coconut fatty acid.

In the compositions of the present invention, the soap component is preferably either sodium soap or a mixture of sodium and potassium soap, wherein the mixture contains up to about 25% by weight of potassium soap.

Likewise, in these soap bars, it is preferred that the entire soap component contains (a) about 20-80% by weight of a mixture of soap components having 8-14 carbon atoms in the soaps and 10 (b) about 20-80% by weight of the soap component of such soaps, having about 16 to 20 carbon atoms.

Soaps having such preferred chain length distribution properties can be prepared using mixtures of tallow and coconut fatty acids in a tallow / coconut weight ratio of 90:10 to 50:50. A mixture of tallow and coconut fatty acid soaps in a tallow / coconut weight ratio of 80:20 is particularly preferred.

An essential component of the skin soap bar of the present invention is a pre-reacted complex of nonionic guar gum, fatty acid and al-20 potassium hydroxide, referred to as the "guar gum FA complex".

Guar gum is a natural material derived from the powdered seed protein of the plant Cyamopsis tetragonolobus. Preferably, the guar gum used in this invention is a free-flowing powder having a particle size of about 150 mesh. Suitable guar rubber is sold by Hi-Tek Polymers under the trade name Jaguar (eg Jaguar A-40-F). In the following description, guar gum: is specifically mentioned; an equivalent amount of hydroxypropyl guar gum can also be used, as can mixtures of guar gum and hydroxypropyl guar gum.

The fatty acid used in the guar-rubber-FA complex can be any fatty acid having a hydrocarbon chain length of about 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Mixtures of fatty acids can be used. The fatty acid is preferably coconut fatty acid (CNFA), as described above. The melting point of CNFA is generally n.

30-35 ° C. Suitable CNFA grade is sold by The Procter & Gamle Cornpa- 6 86556 ny, Cincinnati, Ohio. In the following description, CNFA is used as an example of a suitable fatty acid; equivalent amounts of other fatty acids may also be used.

The alkali metal hydroxides used herein are commercially available Stock Products. Although sodium hydroxide is the preferred base, other bases such as potassium hydroxide and amines used in cosmetic formulations (e.g., triethanolamine) and mixtures of bases may be used. Al-potassium hydroxide is generally added to the complex 50-70 as a 10% aqueous solution. In the following description, sodium hydroxide is used as an example of a suitable base; equivalent amounts of other bases may be used.

The guar gum-FA complex contains one part by weight of nonionic guar gum and about 1-12 parts by weight of coconut fatty acid. The amount of sodium hydroxide added to the complex is an amount sufficient to effect the reaction described below. This amount is generally about 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide (calculated as 100%) per part by weight of coconut fatty acid in the complex. The complex si-20 preferably contains one part guar gum and about 1.5-3 parts coconut fatty acid. Most preferably, the complex contains 1 part guar gum and 2 parts coconut fatty acid. Likewise, the complex most preferably contains about 0.06 parts of sodium hydroxide per part of coconut fatty acid.

To prepare the complex, the coconut fatty acid is placed in a molten (liquefied) state by heating it to at least its melting point. A reasonable increase in the temperature of the CNFA above its melting point is permissible, but is generally not considered necessary. An appropriate amount of guar gum is then added to the molten CNFA with stirring to form a suspension of guar gum in the CNFA. The sodium hydroxide solution is then added to the guar gum FA suspension with stirring.

Addition of sodium hydroxide to the suspension results in an increase in the temperature of system 35. Surprisingly, the addition of sodium hydroxide to the suspension is also associated with a distinct change in the color and physical properties of the suspension 7 * 8 6 5 56. The milky white color of the guar gum suspension changes to a certain shade of green. The viscosity of the system increases significantly. At the end point of the addition of sodium hydroxide and at the end of the formation of the guar gum-coconut-5 fatty acid-sodium hydroxide complex, the system has the color and consistency of pea soap.

Upon completion of the addition and complexation of sodium hydroxide (i.e., the complexation of "pre-reacted" guar gum, coconut fatty acid, and sodium hydroxide) and its cooling to ambient temperatures, the guar gum CNFA complex is ready for use in the skin soap bars of this invention.

The guar gum FA complex is added to the soap composition of the present invention (described below) in amounts such that the composition contains about 0.5-8% guar gum, which guar gum is naturally present in the guar gum composition. To the FA complex when fed to the assembly. The composition preferably contains about 2-5% guar gum.

The skin soap bar assemblies of this invention may include optional components, such as those conventionally present in skin soap bars.

Skin soap bars usually contain about 8-20% water.

;;; Conventional bactericidal agents may be included in such compositions in amounts of about 0.5-4%.

Typical bactericidal agents suitable for use herein include 3,4-di- and 3,4'-5-tri-bromosalicylanilides; 4,4'-dichloro-3- (trifluoromethyl) -karbanilidi; 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide and mixtures of these materials.

Conventional nonionic emollients as well as other skin care agents may be included in the compositions of this invention in amounts of up to about 4%, preferably in amounts of about 1-25%. Such materials include, for example, mineral oils, paraffin wax having a melting point of about.

35.8.8-76.7 ° C, sorbitan esters of a fatty acid (see U.S. Patent No. 3,988,255 to Seiden, issued October 26, 8,855,676, 1976, which is incorporated herein by reference), lanolin and lanolin derivatives, esters such as isopropyl myristate and triglycerides such as coconut or hydrogenated tallow.

Free fatty acid, such as coconut fatty acid, may be added to the compositions disclosed herein to improve the volume and quality (creaminess) of the foam they produce.

Conventional perfumes, colorants, and pigments 10 may also be included in the compositions of this invention in amounts up to 5%. It is preferred to use perfumes in amounts of about 0.5-3% and it is preferred to use colorants and pigments in amounts of about 0.001-0.5%.

Synthetic detergents may also be present in the compositions disclosed herein. Preferred types of synthetic detergents are of the anionic or nonionic type. Examples of anionic synthetic detergents include salts of organic sulfur reaction products such as alkyl sulfates of the formula: R24OS03M; alkyl sulfonates of the formula: r25SO3M; Alkyl ether sulfates of formula: R24 (OC2H4) xSO3M; alkyl monoglyceride sulfonates of the formula:

30 H

R <j --CH

24 I

(j: HO - H

L X J y 9 86556 and alkylbenzenesulphonates of formula:

R24 ~ ^ ~ ^ ~~ SO 3 M

5

In the above formulas, R24 is a straight or branched chain alkyl group having from 8 to about 24 carbon atoms; M is an alkali metal or ammonium ion; x is a number from 1 to about 10; y is a number from 1 to 4; and X is selected from the group consisting of a chlorine atom, hydroxyl and -SO 2 M groups, wherein at least one of the X groups in each molecule is -SO 3 M. Examples of nonionic synthetic detergents include ethoxylated fatty alcohols (e.g., the reaction product of 1 mole of coconut-fatty alcohol with about 3 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide) and fatty acid amides such as coconut-fatty acid dieaminiamide dioethanolamide monoethanol. While in some cases it may be desirable to incorporate synthetic detergents into the compositions of this invention, the compositions disclosed herein may be free of synthetic detergents. When synthetic detergents are present, they are normally used in amounts of about 1-300% by weight of the amount of soap in the compositions.

Insoluble alkaline earth metal soaps such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate may also be included in the compositions of this invention in amounts up to about 30%.

These materials are particularly useful in skin soap bars in the presence of synthetic detergents because they tend to reduce the relatively high solubility that such soap bars normally have.

These alkaline earth metal soaps are not included in the term "soap" otherwise used in this specification. As used herein, the term "soap" refers to alkali metal soaps.

The skin soap bars of this invention can be prepared in a conventional manner. Guar-rubber-FA complex is added to lumps of the basic soap mixture, which contain about 10-22% ίο 86556 moisture, in a mixer. Any optional ingredients such as perfumes, colorants, etc. are also added to the mixer. The mixture is processed in a mixer and rolled in a conventional manner under conventional conditions. It is extruded into a (bar-pressed) skin soap bar to be cut and pressed into supports.

The following examples are presented for illustrative purposes only and not in a limiting sense.

Example I

78 g of guar gum (Jaguar-A-40-F) are dispersed in 156 g of CNFA; 20 g of 50% aqueous NaOH solution is added to the suspension and allowed to react until a green guar gum-FA complex is formed. This complex and the following materials are then added to a conventional mixer.

15 Soap (sodium soap, 80% tallow, 20% coconut fatty acid, 15.2% moisture) 3400 g

Water 210

Perfume 43

Na 2 EDTA (40% active) 5 20 TiO 2 8 1% FD&C red No. 4 10

Citric acid (50% active) 20

The mixture is rolled a total of four times, rod pressed and punched into suitably sized and shaped skin-25 soap bars. The soap bars obtained have the above-mentioned improved physical properties, foam properties and softness.

Example II

Skin soap bars are prepared as in Example I, except that the following materials and amounts are used:

Guar gum 268 g CNFA 535

NaOH (70% aqueous solution) 50

Soap (sodium soap, 80 tallow, 20% 35 coconut fatty acids, 17.5% moisture) 6050

Perfume 74 11 86556

Na 2 EDTA (40% active) 10

TiO 2 13 1% FD&C Red No. 4 17

Citric acid (50% active) 34 5 The resulting soap bars have the above-mentioned improved physical and foam properties and are exceptionally mild.

Example III

Example I is repeated except that the guar gum is replaced by hydroxypropyl guar gum (sold under the tradename Jaguar HP-8). Similar results are obtained.

Example IV

Example I is repeated except that CNFA is replaced by the tallow fatty acid described above. Corresponding results are obtained.

In addition to the skin soap bars described above, the guar gum-FA complex improves the softness and performance properties of other personal cleansing products containing surfactants. These personal cleansers include skin soap bars based on synthetic detergents; liquid detergent compositions such as liquid soaps, hand cleaners, facial cleansers, bath and shower foams, shampoos, etc. The complex is also useful in laundry soaps containing surfactant detergent fillers. In liquid detergent formulations, nonionic guar gum is preferably present in about 0.1-1.5%.

Example V

The liquid personal cleaning product is prepared as follows:

The first mixture is prepared by mixing the following materials at 71 ° C: i2 86556

Material weight, g

Water 46

Sodium coconut ether sulfate (3 ethylene oxide groups); 28% 177 5 Propylene glycol 30

Glycerin 20

Na4EDTA 1 Preservatives 3

Coconut monoethanolamide 45 10 Turbid and colorant 11

The non-ionic guar gum-FA complex is prepared by reacting the following substances with each other as described: Material weight, g

Guar gum (natural) 300 15 Coconut fatty acid 600

Sodium hydroxide 80

The second mixture is prepared by stirring at room temperature:

Material weight, g 20 Water 91

Sodium coconut ether sulfate (3 ethylene oxide groups); 28% 354

Sodium laurethyl sulphosuccinate, 30% 125

Propylene glycol 59 25 Ioniton guar gum FA complex 10

The first and second mixtures are combined. Three grams of perfume is added. The product has improved mildness and stability compared to the corresponding product without the non-ionic guar-rubber-FA complex.

Claims (10)

13 865ES A skin soap bar, characterized in that it contains about 65 to 90% by weight of alkali metal soap 5 (calculated on the anhydrous basis) and about 0.5 to 8% by weight of nonionic guar gum obtained in the form of a prereacted nonionic guar gum complex, wherein the complex is prepared by suspending one part by weight of guar gum in about 1 to 12 parts by weight of molten fatty acid and reacting them with about 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight of alkali metal hydroxide per part by weight of fatty acid. Skin soap bar according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains about 2 to 5% of ion-free guar gum, the complex being prepared by suspending one part by weight of non-ionic guar gum in about 1.5 to 3 parts by weight. fatty acid. A skin soap bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the early metal soap consists of a mixture of alkali metal tallow soap and early metal coconut soap. Skin soap bar according to claim 3, characterized in that the nonionic guar gum is present in about 2 to 5% by weight and that the complex is prepared by suspending one part by weight of nonionic guar gum in about 1.5 to 25 parts by weight of fatty acid. A skin soap bar according to claim 3, characterized in that the mixture of alkali metal tallow soap and early metal coconut soap contains about 1 to 9 parts by weight of alkali metal tallow soap per one part by weight of alkali metal coconut soap. Skin soap bar according to claim 5, characterized in that the nonionic guar gum is present in about 2 to 5% by weight and that the complex is prepared by suspending one part by weight of nonionic guar gum in about 1.5 to 35 parts by weight of fatty acid. i4 86 556 A skin soap bar according to claim 6, characterized in that the nonionic guar gum and the fatty acid are reacted with about 0.06 parts by weight of alkali metal hydroxide per part by weight of the fatty acid. A skin soap bar according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains about 65 to 90% by weight of an alkali metal soap consisting of a mixture of alkali metal soap and alkali metal coconut soap, wherein the mixture of alkali metal soaps contains about 4 parts by weight of tallow soap per part by weight. towards coconut soap; and about 4% by weight of nonionic guar gum, which guar gum is provided in the form of a pre-reacted guar gum complex, the complex being prepared by suspending one weight of 15 parts by weight of nonionic guar gum in about two parts by weight of molten fatty acid and reacting them with about 0% by weight. .06 parts by weight of alkali metal hydroxide per part by weight of fatty acid. A process for preparing skin soap bars, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a) forming a pre-reacted nonionic guar gum complex by suspending one part by weight of nonionic guar gum in about 1 to 12 parts by weight of molten fatty acid and reacting them with about With 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight of alkali metal hydroxide per part by weight of fatty acid; b) forming a mixture of the pre-reacted nonionic guar gum complex and an alkali metal soap, wherein the nonionic guar gum complex is present in the mixture in an amount of about 0.5 to 8% by weight of the mixture; C) rolling the mixture; d) rod pressing the rolled mixture; e) extruding a rolled and rod-pressed mixture; and f) stamping the extruded mixture into skin soap bars. is 8 6 5 56 10. A liquid soap cleaning composition characterized in that it contains a surfactant and at least about 0.1% nonionic guar gum, which nonionic guar gum is provided in the form of a pre-reacted nonionic guar-ku-5 microcomplex, wherein the complex is prepared suspending one part by weight of guar gum in about 1 to 12 parts by weight of molten fatty acid and allowing them to react with about 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight of alkali metal hydroxide per part by weight of fatty acid. 86556 BC