FI70325B - FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER MAETNING AV VOLYMEN AV EN STACK - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for measuring the volume of a joint, in which method the cross-sectional area of the joint is determined by oversizing the joint and the volume of the joint is then determined computationally. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method.

10

The measurement of the volume of the seam has previously been performed in several different ways. The most common method used is to measure cross-sections of the seam using the oversize of the seam and the height measurement of the brush. Such a measurement method is based on the calculated second area of the triangle, where the ratio of the oversize to the height of the joint has a certain correlation with the cross-sectional area. Correspondingly, the cross-sectional area of the groove is determined using a truncated triangle calculation formula, i.e. a trapezoidal formula, in which case the proportion of the brush is measured and also taken into account using the auxiliary table. A table has been computed for the described method, in which a coefficient is obtained for the ratios of the dimensions in question, which is multiplied by the oversize of the joint, whereby the cross-section of the joint is obtained. A corresponding calculation formula method has also been tried to measure the slope of the edge of the joint, but the methods used do not take into account the roundness of the joint and, in addition, it is difficult to determine the width of the brush correctly. The methods used also do not take into account the height differences at the edges of the groove.

Aerial photographs, especially stereo photographs taken from the air, have also been used to measure the volume of the auma, but have been found to be inaccurate due to the slopes of the bottom. Among other things, in the large peat production fields of the Soviet Union, large mechanical measuring devices and a stereo photograph taken from the side have been tried to measure the auma.

However, the equipment previously used for lime has been found to be inaccurate and the methods used are often time-consuming in their calculation methods. However, the method of measuring the peat bog must be accurate, easy and quick to carry out and so simple that it is easy to understand. The basic reason for this is that contractors are paid for peat production based on the measurement of the clearing. Contractors must therefore be able to demonstrate the accuracy and correctness of the calculation, which will improve the reliability of the measurement.

5

The present invention overcomes the disadvantages and deficiencies associated with currently used measurement methods and devices. To achieve this, the method according to the invention is mainly characterized in that the cross-sectional areas of the cone are determined from 10 cone surfaces at several points by measuring the length of the cone by measuring the height difference of the adjacent vertical bands, which is added to the height value of the previous 15 bands, and by calculating the cross-sectional area calculated on the basis of the measurement results obtained.

The device according to the invention, in turn, is characterized in that the device comprises a vertical boom with a measuring scale, in which a horizontal boom movably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vertical boom is measured to measure the height differences of flat and adjacent vertical strips from the edge of the ridge.

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawing.

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Figure 1 shows a measuring device used in the method according to the invention for measuring the volume of a sink.

In Figures 2 and 3, which show the peat seam from the side 30 and a cross-section of the peat seam, a schematic attempt has been made to illustrate the performance of the measuring method according to the invention.

The measurement method according to the invention is based on a triangle area calculation formula. In the measuring method, the slope K of the peat fence is divided into slices, which are measured using the measuring device 1 shown in Fig. 1. The measuring device 1 has a very simple structure. The measuring device comprises a vertical boom 2, which is preferably an aluminum profile or a plastic profile sufficiently rigid 3 70325 l to make the device light enough. A length measuring scale 5 is arranged on the vertical boom 2 and is provided with a suitable distribution. For the measurement of large openings, a decimetric distribution can be considered as a sufficient scale distribution, but otherwise a centimeter distribution can be considered appropriate. A horizontal boom 3 is movably mounted on the vertical boom 2 and is arranged in a position substantially perpendicular to the vertical boom 2. The horizontal boom 3 is movably attached to the vertical boom 2 by means of a slider 4 or a similar member adapted to slide along the profile of the vertical boom 2. In connection with the slide 4 10, a device is arranged with which the horizontal boom 3 can be locked in a certain place in the vertical boom. Such a locking device can operate, for example, with friction locking or spring locking. Fig. 1 further shows that a leveling bubble 6, such as a tube spirit level or the like (vatupass), is mounted on the horizontal boom 3, by means of which the horizontal boom 3 can be placed in a precisely horizontal position. It is to be understood, however, that such a leveling bubble can very well also be mounted in connection with the vertical boom 2, since since the vertical boom 2 and the horizontal boom 3 are at substantially right angles to each other, the horizontal boom 3 can be positioned precisely in this horizontal position. The measuring device 20 measures "slices" of the length b of the horizontal boom 3 from the surface K of the groove so that the height h is read from the measuring scale 5 of the vertical boom 2 of the device, whereby the area of the triangle marked with broken lines in Fig. 1 can be calculated. The measurement method itself will be described in more detail below with reference to Figures 2 and 3 of the silicon-25 circuit.

It should be noted at the outset that the method, like the measuring device 1 used in the method, is intended mainly for measuring elongated, i.e. series-shaped and deformed, brush-shaped openings 30, in particular peat openings. However, the method can be applied to other shapes of openings. The measurement is performed by oversizing at specified cutting intervals. As shown in Fig. 2, in the elongate grooves, the cross-sectional area of the groove is measured at several different points, e.g. L -L, after which the obtained cross-sectional areas 35 are averaged and multiplied by the length of the flat part of the groove. This calculates the volume of the flat part of the groove. The volumes of the ends of the joint and can be measured e.g. using the volume formula of the area of rotation 70325 1, because in this formula the quantities required are easy to determine. Next, the measurement of the cross-sectional area of the seam will be described with reference to Fig. 3, so that the measuring device 1 shown in Fig. 1 is utilized in the measurement.

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Fig. 3 schematically shows a cross-section of a peat seam, which can be taken e.g. from points L -L in Fig. 2. In order to illustrate the Saxon measuring method, Fig. 3 from the base of the auma dislocates straight up to the top of the auma. This is done on both sides of the fence. In this way, the areas Aj can be calculated and, if left, a flat portion is left on the Auma ridge to be measured with a tape measure and calculated as a trapezoid, whereby the area A ^ is obtained. The cross-sectional area of the joint is thus obtained by summing the area A 2 of the edges of the joint and both the central band A 2. The measurement is performed by a measuring device 1 by placing a vertical boom 2 provided with a measuring scale 5 vertically at the base of the groove at position bQ. Utilizing the leveling bubble 6, the horizontal boom 3 is placed in a horizontal position 20 and lowered towards the edge of the opening so that the end of the horizontal boom 3 hits the opening. In this case, the height of the horizontal boom 3 is read from the scale 5 of the vertical boom. At the same time, a mark is made on the side of the seam (Pj in the figure for the next measurement. Then the measuring device 1 is placed at Pj as described above and the measurement is performed again in the same way. This progresses on the seam at intervals determined by the horizontal boom length b. or to the edge of a flat slope.The end point P ^ is clearly marked to measure the slope of the seam.The corresponding measurement is made from the other side to the slope of the seam.The average height of the seam can be estimated from the last measurements by averaging the heights h and 1, nm

The measurement can be performed by a single person, but in order to speed up and ensure the work, it is advantageous if the results are recorded by another 35 person, e.g. standing on the ridge of the aura, guiding the person performing the measurement in the right line.

70325 1 The measuring device 1 thus measures vertical strips of width b of the length of the horizontal boom 3 of the measuring device on each side of the opening. The most preferred dimension for the length b of the horizontal boom 3 can be considered to be 2 m for computational reasons and due to the fact that a striping device 5 of this size can still be handled by one person. The measurement results, i.e. the heights of the horizontal boom, are initially all added together in order to determine the height of each measuring point from the root of the aura, which are at the same time the heights of the measured bands. This also determines the total height of the groove 10. The measured heights of the bands are then added together and the result obtained is multiplied by the width b of the band. Thus, the cross-sectional area of the measured bands is calculated.

However, this area is larger than the proportion of the total cross-sectional area of the joint corresponding to the total width of the measured bands, the excess of which must still be deducted from this calculated amount. The magnitude of this excess is equal to the total area of the triangles outside the surface of the joint in Figure 3. Corresponding measurements and calculations are performed on both sides of the cone, in order to determine the cross-sectional areas A 1 and A 2.

The magnitude of the center area A 1 is determined by measuring the bandwidth b 2 and multiplying the obtained measurement result by the average of the maximum heights of the seam determined separately on each side of the seam. The measurement method used thus also takes into account the slope of the bottom of the aura, and the width of the bottom of the au can also be determined using the measurement method.

Thus, the following calculation formulas are used to determine the cross-sectional area of the joint and to determine the volume of the joint. The notations in the formulas correspond to the reference numerals in Figures 2 and 3.

35 70325 1 The heights of the measured formulas are given by the following formulas: hl hl * 1 11 + 4 ^ 2 + 5 ^ 3 * ^ 2 + ^^ 3 I3 = I2 + Δΐ ^ h = h. + Ah 1 = 1 + Λ1 n n-1 n m m-1 m 10 The areas A ^ and can be calculated by the following formulas: A. = b x [h + h. + H, + ... + h! - ^ x h 1 L123 nj 2 n

15 * 2 ”b x [* 1 + b + * 3 + ··· + - I x K

The first term in the area formulas corresponds to the total area of the measured bands and the second term to the area of the extraterrestrial triangles.

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The area of the middle band A ^ is given by the following formula: h + 1 »t. Nm A_ = b„ x ----- J 2 25

The total area Α ^ ο ^ is thus A ^ + A2 + A ^.

The volume of the flat section of the joint is thus obtained by calculating the average of the cross-sectional areas measured from Lq to Lg and the result obtained by a factor of 30 for the length of the flat section (cf. Fig. 2). The volume of a flat portion is thus given by the formula:

V = —1 - x (a + A,. T + ... A,,) x L

auma,. Kok, L Tcok.L, Tcok.L auma 1 + so 1 s 35 70325 1 The total volume of the auma is then: kok 1 2 auma 5 The measurement method according to the invention is very useful and simple, as the measurement results and the obtained calculations are easy to compile in tabular form. , in which case the determination of the volume becomes a very illustrative representation. The measurement method according to the invention is accurate, easy, fast and understandable. The correctness of the measurement method and the related 10 calculations is also easy to prove.

The method and device according to the invention have been described above only by way of example. With reference to preferred embodiments. However, this is in no way intended to limit the invention to this 15 example only, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the following claims.

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Claims (9)

A method for measuring the volume of a stack, in which method the surface content (A) of the stack cross-section is determined by measuring over the stack and the volume (V) of the stack is then determined by calculation, characterized in that the surface content (A) of the stack cross-section is determined from the stack surface (K) at several different places (L-L) os by the stack length by measuring the height of vertical sections along both sides of the stack, whose width (b) is constant in the width direction of the stack cross-section, which measuring the height of the sections is carried out from the root of the stack up to the top of the stack by measuring the height difference (Λ h) between adjacent vertical sections, which difference is added to the height value (h) of the previous section, and by determining the cross sectional area content by on the basis of the obtained measurement results. 1 Patent claim Apparatus for measuring the volume of a stack by the method of claim 1, wherein the device (1) determines the surface content of the cross-section of the stack by measuring over the stack, characterized in that the device (1) comprises a vertical boom provided with a measuring scale (5). (2), on which a horizontal boom (3) is arranged movable in the longitudinal direction of the vertical boom (2) for measuring height differences between even width and adjacent vertical sections from the stack side. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the horizontal boom (3) faces at a substantially right angle to the vertical boom (2). 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the measuring device (1) for tilting the horizontal boom (3) in a substantially perpendicular position is provided with a balancing bubble (6) or vice versa, with which the position of the horizontal boom (3) can controlled. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the equalization bubble (6) or the like is arranged on the horizontal boom (3).