FI64562B - SAETT FOER VAERMEBEHANDLING AV KERAMISKA PRODUKTER - Google Patents

Description

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Patent · och registeretyrelaen Anaekan utia ^ d och utl ^ krifun pubttend 31.08.83 (32) (33) (31) FyydMtp * TuoH »* u * - Begird priority (71) Paloheimo Oy, HIOO Riihimäki 10, Suomi-Finland (Fl ) (72) Klaus Hunni us, Launonen, Suomi-Finland (Fl) (7U) Berggren Oy Ab (5U) Method for heat treatment of ceramic products -Sätt för värmebehandling av keramiska produkter Ceramic products extruded from wet, plastic clay mass are produced in Europe "wet-pressing process characterized by the fact that the ceramic products thus formed are so weak mechanically that they must be dried in separate pieces before they are formed into piles on top of the incinerators and these piles and their wagons are taken to the incinerator. Drying is always a separate event that is completely separate from the incineration event.

Mainly in the USA, the so-called a semi-dry process in which products are formed from "semi-dry" clay by high mechanical forces. Thanks to their mechanical strength, these semi-dry products can be immediately stacked on top of incinerators, and taken to the incinerator for drying and incineration. In this case, the length and construction of the incinerator take into account that drying must take place before incineration.

Both methods have significant shortcomings, such as high energy consumption and long duration.

(il 64562

The method according to the invention achieves large energy and time savings in the production of ceramic products as well as large investment savings in structures, and the main features of the invention become clear from the appended claim 1.

The incinerator according to the invention can be used for drying and burning products formed from wet as well as semi-dry pulp.

The drying and incineration process is combined in such a way that drying takes place with each product separated from the other, and incineration takes place in the same way. Drying and incineration therefore take place in the same channel. The combustion gases used in the combustion of the ceramic product flow through the duct and exit at the beginning of the drying section.

The incinerator according to the invention is furthermore constructed in such a way that it acts as an efficient heat exchanger. This is achieved by the simultaneous flow of products from the furnace / head to the combustion zone and from the combustion zone to the furnace / head in the furnace. This means that each product entering the combustion zone / adjacent to the product passes in the opposite direction from the product coming from the combustion zone with a higher heat charge.

The flow of the above products in opposite directions is effected either by the furnace being a tunnel and wet molded products being fed in from both ends, a combustion zone in the middle of the tunnel and the product taken out from the opposite end, or the tunnel closed and closed at one end. at the end of the combustion zone, the products pass from the beginning to the combustion zone, change direction in the combustion zone, and pass back to the beginning. The direction of travel of the products may be opposite in layers or such that adjacent and overlapping products travel in opposite directions. The latter method is the most efficient in terms of heat transfer.

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64562

The advantage of the incinerator according to the invention is not only low heat consumption, high speed and a uniform quality level of the manufactured products. Due to the small size of the device and the detachment of the products, the drying and incineration process is considerably faster. In addition, thanks to the fact that heat transfer takes place quickly and directly from one product to another by means of radiant heat. In the experiments, for example, brick pipes intended for drainage have been dried and burned in two hours. At least 40 hours are currently used for this process, generally about 75-85 hours.

One or more combustion layers may be arranged in the incinerator according to the invention. The conveyors can be rollers, mats, nets, etc. The most advantageous solution is one in which the structure allows the products to pass as close to each other as possible and the conveyor element itself does not have to be transported through the incinerator.

In the following, the incinerator according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to s

Figure 1 is a section of an incinerator in which the combustion zone is at one end of the furnace and the products are conveyed by means of rollers.

Figure 2 is a cross-section A-A of the furnace.

Figure 3 is a heat curve illustrating the operation of the furnace.

Figure 4 is a side view of the furnace rollers.

Figure 5 is a furnace rolls, section B-B. ^

Figure 6 is an oven with a drying zone at a 90 ° angle when viewed from above.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinally cut kiln 1. The filling and emptying opening of the kiln is on the left 8. At one end 7 of the kiln there is a combustion zone and the end of the kiln itself is closed. The products 2 pass on the conveyor rollers 3 through the drying zone 6 to the heat lifting zone 5 to the combustion zone 4 itself. In the combustion zone, a suitable pusher moves the products laterally by one product width as described in connection with Figure 5. After the side transfer, the products go back in the opposite direction by transferring heat to the products in the area 5 for raising the heat 4 64562 and later to the products in the drying zone 6. In this case, every second of the transport rollers 3 rotates in different directions.

The flow of the products to be burned can also be arranged in such a way that the products of one layer go from the drying 6 to the combustion 4, move to the next lower floor by means of an elevator device and go back in this floor. In this case, the layers are in pairs and the direction of travel of the products in the layer is opposite.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section A-A of an incinerator. Products 10 and 11 pass over the transport rollers 3, half of the products 10 are passing into the combustion zone and half 11 are returning from the combustion zone while simultaneously releasing the heat charge.

Figure 3 shows the drying and combustion curve 9 of the incinerator, i.e. the temperature prevailing in the furnace. The temperature is, of course, adjustable for each clay mass and product.

Figure 4 shows a solution of the transport rollers 3. Every second of the rollers rotates in a different direction and only every other one carries and contacts the product to be transported.

Figure 5 shows an example of a transport roller of section B-B. The conveyor roller 3 contacts and conveys the pipes 15 coming from the combustion zone. The pipes 16 going to the combustion zone are not touched by the conveyor roller but the pipes pass over its roller. In the combustion belt zone, the pipes are moved laterally so that a suitable transfer member moves the pipes 16 in place of the pipes 15, and as a result, the transport direction changes and the return movement of the moved pipes begins.

Figure 6 shows a top view of an oven in which the drying section 6 joins the rest of the section at a 90 ° angle. With this solution, an efficient air circulation 12 can be achieved.

In the case of a tubular product, in rapid drying, it is important that air flows both inside and outside the tube. The same air circulates in the lower floor around the pipes coming from the combustion and the heat transfer is enhanced. After drying, the products are transferred to the heat lifting zone and at the same time to another conveyor by means of a suitable pushing member 13. At the end of the combustion zone 14, the products are moved one layer lower where the return movement takes place.

The furnace according to the invention is provided with devices belonging to a normal furnace, such as control and regulating devices. Similarly, fans that enhance air circulation can be connected to the oven, especially to the drying section of the oven and generally to those parts where the temperature is below 800 ° C.

Claims (6)

6 64562 A method for heat treating ceramic products in a tunnel kiln, characterized in that after molding the wet products pass into the combustion zone separately and the hot products from the combustion zone travel in the opposite direction to the wet side alongside and / or above the wet products, releasing their thermal energy before drying their entry into the combustion zone while themselves cooling. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the products to be incinerated are moved in the combustion zone or immediately thereafter in a lateral or elevational direction to change the direction of travel. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the products to be burned are transported in one or more layers and the transport takes place on rollers, each of which rotates in a different direction and the rolls are longitudinally profiled so that each product travels guided forward and that the products only contact every other roller rotating in the same direction. s' A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion zone is located in the middle of the kiln, which is symmetrical, and the products are fed wet after molding from both ends of the kiln and removed from the opposite end, and the products are placed in the kiln as far as possible. close together. 1. Set of ceramic products in a tunnel design, which means that the product is transported in the form of a conveyor in which the product is handled and the brand is used in the production of the product in question bredvid och / eller ovanom eller under dessa, avgivande sin värmeenergi account de väta produkterna och torkande dessa förre deras ankomst account brännzonen samtidigt som de själva avkyles.