FI131422B1 - Ventilation system of sauna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sauna ventilation system comprising at least a heater (1), a supply duct (4) for supplying fresh air (6) heated by the heat energy of the heater to the sauna and an exhaust duct for removing dirty air from the sauna, and in which the flue (2) of the continuously heated fuel-powered heater (1) is arranged on top of the heater, said flue is surrounded either partially or completely along its circumference and at a certain height (h) by a casing (3) such that a space (5) is formed between it and said casing, at least at the upper end of the casing, and in which the other end (4.2) of the supply duct (4) is led to an opening (3.1) in the casing, whereby the fresh air (6) coming from the supply duct (4) is arranged to be directed to said space for the transfer of heat energy there from the surface (2.1) of the hot flue (2), and the fresh air (6) is arranged to heat up to such a hot temperature that it is The air in the lower and middle zones (L, M) is forced to move to the upper zone (T) of the sauna, where the sauna user breathes. The invention also comprises a supply channel (4) directed to the stone space (11) of the sauna heater or to a third channel (17) around the stone space.

Description

= SAUNA (HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEM

The subject of this invention is a sauna ventilation system, which comprises at least a heater, a supply duct for supplying fresh air heated by the heat energy of the heater to the sauna, and an outlet for dirty air.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the air quality in a sauna room by producing oxygen-rich, heated fresh air as breathing air in the upper part of the sauna room and at the same time ensuring the efficient removal of so-called dirty air from the sauna room while maintaining a sufficiently high, pleasant temperature there also between sauna users. Dirty air is known to be air saturated with impurities from the exhaled breath, sweat and skin of sauna users.

The invention is suitable for use in all continuously heated saunas whose saunas are heated with fuel or electricity. The ventilation system according to the invention can be implemented as both a gravity-based and a mechanically forced system.

One example of the use of the invention is a wood-heated sauna in a detached house, terraced house or summer residence, where fresh air is led into the sauna room through its wall from the outside, and another example is any continuously heated sauna, including an electric sauna, where the fresh air for the sauna room is obtained from the interior of the building.

OF

S It is known that the fresh air from a wood-fired sauna in a detached house, terraced house or summer home is led into the sauna room through an opening in the wall and through this opening

N through the low valve. Another known method used in this context is the

E draws fresh air along the duct above the heater. s

O Fresh air intake for electric saunas in apartment buildings, among other places, is most commonly done through the door.

Through the gap below O 30 from an adjacent room, bathroom and/or via the ventilation duct.

With the search terms “wood-fired sauna fan switch” can you find a picture online? A video showing a fresh-water channel led from the outside of the sauna room to the stove. In this solution, the air led above the stove received heat energy from the hot stones of the stove. The purpose of the arrangement is that the air in the lower part of the sauna room becomes warmer and, having become lighter, rises higher,

The biggest disadvantages of the previously mentioned prior art are related to the weak efficiency of the system iQ in heating and moving fresh air to the upper part of the sauna room, from which the sauna users get their breathing air, — especially in terms of ventilation — the important times between sauna throwers, heating and moving fresh air to the upper part of the sauna room, are relatively inefficient in this solution, among other things because the newly thrown sauna water cools the sauna stones effectively. This results in the disadvantage that the exit of 13 years old air from the sauna room is inefficient in this known ventilation system with natural circulation.

Despite the advancement of the aforementioned technology over previous saunas,

With regard to ventilation systems (e.g. door grilles), the problem still remains that the air temperature in the lower part of 20-room rooms is often uncomfortably low.

The purpose of this — invention is to create such — a sauna.

Create a control system that allegedly mimics the effects of prior art.

S The solution according to the invention is characterized by what is presented in the characterizing parts of claims 1 and 28. ™

The greatest advantage of the invention over known technology can be considered to be the efficient and rapid heating of the fresh air entering the sauna room and, as a result, its rapid transfer to the upper part of the sauna room, whereby sauna users can

O 30 more oxygen-rich breathing air than before.

L

A significant advantage over the known technology is also achieved by the invention in that the fresh air coming into the sauna room from outside does not move at all, even from frost, to the lower part of the sauna, because the inventive ventilation system is adapted to heat it sufficiently to avoid this disadvantage before it is released into the sauna room. The invention therefore avoids harmfully large temperature differences between the different floors of the sauna room, due to which the air in the lowest floors, such as at the height of the feet of the sauna user sitting on the benches, may even be uncomfortably cold when using known systems,

Based on research, it is known that up to over 90% of the replacement air taken into a wood-fired sauna using conventional technology is used as combustion air for the heater, leaving the amount of fresh air relatively small compared to its needs.

In this document, the term “sauna” refers to a steam room. This is stated because in Finnish this term generally also refers to a broader entity, e.g. a sauna building with washing and changing rooms.

The term “fresh air” refers to the air taken into the sauna during heating and sauna bathing.

The invention is described in more detail in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows in three dimensions a device related to a first application of the invention.

A stove that uses a continuously heated wood stove,

N 28 figure 2 shows the above-mentioned arrangement photographed directly in front of the heater,

Figure 3 shows in a three-dimensional manner a second embodiment of the invention.

E still life,

Figure 4 shows the above-mentioned arrangement, taken directly in front of the heater, Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional view of a device belonging to the above-mentioned arrangement,

O 30 Figures 6 and 7 show another device and its use in connection with the aforementioned applications of the invention, Figures 8 and 9 show an application of the invention in which an electric heater is used,

Figure 10 shows a solution according to the invention that differs from the above-mentioned one, Figure 11 shows a section of Figure 10 taken from the plane A-A.

The structure and operation of a preferred embodiment of the invention will now be explained by way of example with reference to the above-mentioned figures,

Figures 1 and 2 depict an arrangement that implements one application of the sauna ventilation system according to the invention. A chimney 2 is connected to the smoke outlet (not shown in the figures) led from the firebox of a continuously heated sauna heater 1 through the stone space, which is arranged in a vertical position and passes through the roof 50 of the sauna. In connection with the chimney 2, a device 10 is used, which is composed of a casing 3 arranged around the chimney, encircling it, and a supply channel 4 connected at one end 4.2 to an opening 3.1 in the lower part of this casing. The cross-sectional area Al limited by the casing is arranged to be larger than the cross-sectional area A2 of the chimney so that there is a space 5 surrounding the chimney between them. When the sauna heater 1 is hot and fresh air 6 flows into the supply channel 4 and advances into the space 5, thermal energy is transferred to it from the surface 2.1 of the chimney 2. The temperature of the flue gas advancing in the flue 2 of a continuously heated sauna heater 1 is normally above 200 °C and when the height h of the shell 3 is preferably adjusted to e.g. 500-1000 mm, the amount of heat transferred to the fresh air 6 causes its rapid temperature increase and the flow of fresh air 6 caused by this from the open upper end of the shell 3.2 to the uppermost zone T of the sauna. The formation of the flow is based on the law of gravity so that when the fresh air 6 warms up to a temperature warmer than the air in the lowest and middle zones £, M of the sauna, its density drops below their density and it becomes lighter than them.

S to the outside. The supply channel 4 can be led to the opening in the shell 3.1 on the outside or inside of the sauna.

N 25 felts, where its first end 4.1 is fitted. In a preferred embodiment of the invention,

As a variant, it can be mentioned that the supply channel is led from the outside, through the sauna wall.

E

LO To illustrate the problems related to sauna ventilation, the sauna is divided into three zones in this document in height (Figure 2), the lowest zone being

S 30 to the bottom zone {, the middle zone M and the top zone T. The zones are set to essentially the same height and thus the lowest zone L is considered to extend from the fattia to the top edge of the heater on average (the height of the sauna user's feet).

keus), the middle zone M from this level to the chest height of an average adult sauna user and the uppermost zone T, where the sauna user breathes, from this mentioned level to the ceiling of the sauna 50. The sauna ventilation system according to the invention improves the quality of the breathing air in the uppermost zone T in particular and increases the temperature in the lowermost zone L, whereby the temperature differences between the zones are also narrowed.

The sauna ventilation system according to the invention also includes at least one outlet for removing dirty air pushed forward by the heated fresh air 6 from the sauna. The said outlet can be implemented in different versions of the invention in different ways. The most natural way to implement this in a sauna with a stove equipped with a firebox is to direct or direct dirty air into the firebox as combustion air through its air intake openings or slots, and then it is not advantageous to keep any other air intake openings open in the sauna during heating and sauna use. In an electric sauna, the outlet can be implemented, for example, by a valve placed in the lowest zone L, the flow rate of which is adjusted to be slightly greater than that of the supply channel.

Figures 3 and 4 depict another arrangement, which is used to implement a second application of the ventilation system of the sauna according to the invention. The arrangement consists, like the example above, of a continuously heated stove 1 comprising a firebox and a device 10 arranged around its flue 2, the first of which is connected to the supply channel 4.

A second channel 7 is connected to the N end 4.1, which is arranged on the side of the heater 1. In Figure 5

S is a combination of a device 10 and a second channel 7 connected thereto. Here, the invention

In the N 25 application, fresh air 6 is taken into the second channel 7 through the openings 7.1, 7.2 in its lower part.

N through the lowest zone of the sauna from zone L and is led through supply channel 4 into the room

E 5, This solution can be used, among other things, when outdoor air intake is permitted.

For some reason, it is not advantageous to arrange a W in the supply channel 4 and the fresh air 6 brought into the sauna is colder than the rest of the sauna air in the lowest zone L, especially

O 30 in the lower part of it. The above arrangements can also be used simultaneously, in which case two feed channels are required (4 tal in the branched version).

ö

In the above applications of the invention, a continuously heated heater 1 operating on any fuel can be used:

The chimney 2 of the stove can also be adapted to a position other than the vertical position 3 mentioned above. A chimney 2 that is tilted or has at least one bend is also suitable for the ventilation system according to the invention. The most preferred embodiment of the chimney is a round pipe, but other shapes also implement the invention.

The casing 3 can be implemented in many different ways. Its cross-section can be round, angular or it can contain straight and curved parts, it can be adapted to surround the entire flue 2 or only part of it. It can also be, for example, a spiral channel surrounding the flue. The height h of the casing can always be adapted on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the characteristics of the sauna. These characteristics include, for example, the volume of the sauna, its tightness and the insulating capacity of its walls, as well as the power of the heater. The casing 3 can be supported in place, for example, by attaching it to the flue 2 with brackets 3.3 or a base plate 3.4. For the sake of clarity, it is mentioned that the structure can also be implemented without a base plate.

Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a device and an arrangement that can be connected to the inventive device 10. A spiral plate 8 is arranged and attached to the space 5 between the vent 2 and the casing 3, the cross-sections of which are essentially circles of different sizes, and forces the fresh air 6 to circulate through the flue 2 at a certain pitch. This is also a

N way of attaching the casing 3 to the flue 2. The opening 3.1 can be placed in any convenient

S to the point of sheath 3. When the lower end of sheath 3 is implemented either partially or completely

N 25 without a base plate, the other end 4.2 of duct 4 can alternatively be led to its lower

N to the opening of the head, whereby this opening functions as the said opening 3.1. Figure 7 is illustrated in

The input channel 4 associated with this alternative solution is indicated by dotted lines.

The height h of the shell 3 can be defined completely freely and is not limited to the example dimensions presented above.

S 30

OF

The size of the supply duct 4 can be determined by the amount of fresh air 6 taken in through it and its shape can be freely chosen. The supply ducts shown in Figures 1 and 2, 3-5 and 7 are of completely different shapes, but implement all the features of the invention,

When implementing space 5, its most preferred shape can be considered to be a “column” with a circular ring cross-section. The invention can also be implemented with the shapes of space 5 created by all of the shell shape options presented above.

The second channel 7 can be implemented in different shapes and sizes depending on the situation and 16 can be placed in the sauna in different ways. The flat second channel 7, located close to the heater, according to Figures 3-5, is advantageous because the heating of the fresh air 6 begins already inside it in a wide area of the side of the heater and is thus preheated when it arrives in the space 5. The insulation of the side of the heater at the second channel 7 can be adjusted such that the desired amount of the heater's thermal energy is transferred to the second channel.

The intake of the fresh air line 6 into the second channel 7 can be carried out through the opening 7.1 at its lower end, through the openings 7.2 formed on its side/sides, or through both of these. When the fresh air 6 enters the sauna through the opening under the door, it is known to cool the air temperature of the lowest zone L, even if it is dirty, but this application of the invention is an effective means of removing cool air from the sauna floor boundary and thus equalizing the temperature differences between the different zones L, M, T. n The device 10 and the second channel 7 can be made of any material suitable for their use.

S is made of a new material. One preferred material used in them is steel and another is light metal.

OF

E Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a third application of the ventilation system of a sauna according to the invention. In this example, the heater 1 is an electric heater and the supply channel 4 is led 3 to its stone space 11 in such a way that the other end of its opening 4.2 is around the heater stones 12.

O 30 röimä, When fresh air 6 is sucked/fed into the supply channel 4 and moves between the hot heater stones, heat energy is transferred to it from the heater stones 12 and the electric resistance 13 winding between the stones. The heated fresh air line 6 displaces the upper part of the heater

The cooler and heavier air in the middle zone M rises to the top zone T. The power of the heater 1 partly determines the rate of increase in the temperature of the fresh air 6 and thus how quickly and in what quantity per unit of time it moves to the top zone T, where the sauna users breathe.

The above-mentioned application of the invention can also be implemented in such a way that the other end 4.2 of the supply channel is led above the floor 51 to the space 14 under the stove stones 12, to the opening 1.1 at the lower end of the stove stone space, whereby the fresh air 6 flows through the entire stone space 11,

Figure 10 shows an application of the invention that differs from the above. In this solution, the second end 4.2 of the supply channel is led to a third channel 17, open at the top end, arranged between the heater shell 15 and the shell 16 surrounding the stone space 11, in which the temperature of the fresh air & entering it rises, heated by the thermal energy transferred from the stone space 11 through the said shell 13, and flows to the uppermost zone T. The third channel 17 can be arranged in accordance with Figure 11 to surround the entire stone space 11 or only part of it. In the example according to the mentioned figures, the shell 15 includes insulation 15.1. The shell 16 can be, for example, a plate structure or a grid supporting the stove stones. All known shell structural forms implement the invention.

The solutions described above can also be applied together, in any combination thereof.

S The second part of the supply channel 4, adapted to the electric sauna environment, shown in Figures 8-11

The placement solutions of N 25 head 4.2 can also be implemented in all previously presented above.

N embodiments of the invention comprising a wood or other fuel-powered stove 1

E shapes. In Figure 2, the firebox 18, the third, upper passage, is outlined in dotted lines.

W the open channel 17 and the stone space 11, Fresh air 6 can be led via the supply channel 4 between the said firebox and the stone space, under the stove stones or into the said stone space. When it is led

O 30 is connected to the third channel 17, this channel can be arranged around the firebox and/or the stone space. The third channel 17 can, in this application of the invention, surround the stone space.

the space 11 and/or the firebox 18 in whole or in part. Even if it only extends to one side of the stove 1, it is considered to surround the stone space and/or the firebox.

The fresh air 6 can also be led through the second channel 7 to the stone space 11 of the heater 1, where the other end 4.2 of the job loin supply channel 4 is led there. This inventive solution is particularly suitable for use in connection with an electric heater.

In addition, it is advantageous to also fit a ventilation opening equipped with a control valve to the sauna, through which the sauna can be ventilated after bathing. One advantageous location for the ventilation opening is the upper part of the uppermost zone T. The ventilation opening can also be used to cool the sauna when it has become too hot. The cooling of the sauna can thus be accelerated. A third purpose of the ventilation opening can be to supply additional combustion air to the heater 1 comprising a firebox.

The zones L, M, T of the ventilation system according to the invention are presented in these documents as essentially the same height, whereby the height of each of them is essentially 1/3 of the height of the sauna, but their extents can also be adjusted differently from this,

It should be noted that although this description has focused on one type of advantageous embodiment of the invention, this is not intended to limit the use of the invention to this type of example only, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive concept defined by the claims.

N a

Within the framework of the statute.

N as

S 25

PP

OF

I a a

LO

= 00

LO)

M

No. 30

OF

Claims (1)

Patent claim in, Rastux ventilation evatem. as beside Stminstenes su em bhaatuusn $18 e RAGGE O VISPILHOLIOISSYSISM, Söin Destia? gtminsiong of sn DSSTUURN ISA & : Ani v LS Se mår e. 3; max x 3 in mai feed channel (4) for feeding inside the system with the Dastuusnens A asnarsi heat viele betr 123 mm o ER ix ter tg heat energy heat fresh outt (8) and a way to aviässna smutsie utt frå i ei apso i M Nasa OX : s a x n ii fran Dastun, whose inner space is formed by above each other, substantially ika high lowest, middle and upper zones (1, M, Tl and In which system a smoke channel (21 of a hastuusn with continuous uonsvärminine {1 has ctllerate FURRGENRG (s) SV SN DasTULIEN MISÄ KOITINUSNIN UpPyärmiming ill Mar instsiimrats 19 säjovanpa sauna oven and surrounded either partially or completely its rings width in its Wsi, it AE TEI MÄ KÄ KÄTT m m PEN kooda: and a certain heard ih) with a jacket (3) in such a way that it is formed a space in the sauna A i mai 3 ex Re pg n X than (5) meilan der and the mantle, characterized by the fact that: . maksi FON Me M Deir Ehsean Mead im RS Seed po oiken N a. space (3) is Open from its upper end into the hastus space, in INT SS mir 5 mi LA $Arot Son ri { KY WN we KA IITA MIN ~ 8 3 moi E the first end (4.4) of the feed channel (4) has been fitted outside all the inns in the sauna. = in tyi in iens 183 a {ra Enns JA JY förda G Sonrnnirsem (273 ji e inmatningskanasiens 4) other end (4.2) jeder 18 Jppningen (3.1) i m 0 Aoln 12) AI Spisi fs FEY if te e SLÅ nga mån I bea os fen LAY inv mantlen {31 then fresh air (6), which comes from the inmatningskanasiens (4) hat so A fill st nå IN steks ar for si Sastäa Vvs eri sär: frå Ordnats gå UN det mensjon utrynunet in order to Hida heat energy there! from Mata räkikannsieans (Ji via 17? 13 A OTR YOKKANMIens 14; Via Leh OT d. fresh air (8) has then been allowed to warm itself to a higher temperature than sauna IK et i 1 : sd ON i avasit flirt only in iv i x jägsta and middle tones ii, MI and forced to move, because its density Emit 3 n i 4.8 I a. pm on peas momen CF mit A TT San A ay falls lower than the density of the two mentioned zones and go dll the Top N - . ETÄ AK kaat Stan er mide mn pean gn = vei SK dd - Oo sonen (Ti where sauna visitors' changing hands. N 1 MM - Kin ji : sys EN a i ; % JA vw x ded eii. i S 2. Sauna ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke channel I 0 25 (21 has been installed substantially vertically, I [an a 7 is sland etre N jot matu i st fi R X Sey X 2 3. Sauna ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 0 . O tyer sections of the flue (2) and casing (3) are circles and the cross section of the Al S space (5) is ring, LL 4. Sauna ventilation system according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the height (h) of the mantle is 500-1000 mm. 5. Sauna ventilation system according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that a spiral disc (8) has been installed inside the space (5) to circulate fresh air (5) around the flue (21. 6. Sauna ventilation system according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the opening {3.1} has been fitted to the lower part of the mantel (3), Hi 7, Sauna ventilation system according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that another channel (7) has been installed on the first end (4.1) of the inlet channel (4) for taking fresh air (6) from the lowest zone (0) of the sauna to the space (8) through openings (7.1, 7.2) in the lower part of said channel, 8. Sauna ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that the second channel (7) has been fitted to the side (4.2) of the fireplace or next to it. 9. Sauna ventilation system, which consists of at least a sauna stove (1), an inlet duct (4) for feeding fresh air (5) heated with the heat energy of the sauna stove into the system and an outlet for removing dirty air from the sauna, which inner space is formed by substantially equal-height lower, middle and upper zones (L, M, T) on top of each other, characterized in that: the first end (4.1) of the inlet duct (4) is fitted either inside or outside the sauna, O . . R N : LA NS a sita £ koni < 1 i . i - o, the other end of the input port (4.2] leads to fuel or ei — . in a cr + O continuously heated sauna (13: T tn v i > sa = fo stone space (111), ooh/siief 2 8 of its upper end open third channel (17) which has been fitted between 0 a 30 sauna hole (15) and the mantle (16), which surrounds the said N O 2 s 3 3 aa 4 A s N stone space nch/siler fireplace, since L is co fresh air (6) has been adapted to warm itself by heat energy from the fireplace or from the stone space (11) to a higher temperature than the air in the lowest or middle zones (1, MI and when its density decreases less than the density of the lute in the said zones, it is forced to rise to the uppermost 3 sauna zone (T) where the sauna user's breathing takes place. 10, Sauna ventilation system according to patent claim 9 characterized in that the third channel (17) has been adapted to surround the entire stone space (11) of the sauna stove, 11. A sauna ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the casing (15) of the sauna stove (1) has insulation (15.1), 13. Sauna ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the outflow of the dirty air through the outlet has been adjusted slightly larger than the flow of the ES inlet channel (4) by machine or by gravity. 13. Sauna ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that it consists of a ventilation opening with a control valve which has been adapted to ventilate the sauna and/or cool it down or supply secondary air for the combustion in the firebox of the sauna stove (1). LO N O N n <Q — O I a a 0 <t 0 O 0) N O N L