ES2935558A1 - Respiration monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

Respiration monitoring device for monitoring the breathing of a user, comprising a deformation sensing element configured to produce an electrical signal in response to deformations produced in the fabric (or textile material) of a mask by the user's breathing. The monitoring device is configured to transmit said electrical signal to a remote monitoring center.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Respiration monitoring device

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a respiration monitoring device, configured to be incorporated into a mask or attached to a mask, wherein the device is configured to monitor the respiration of a user wearing said mask. The device is equipped with sensors that make it possible to capture the user's respiratory rate, and is capable of sending, by means of a radio connection with a device connected to the Internet, a user's respiratory rate to a telemedicine platform.

By means of the breathing monitoring device of the invention, it is possible to monitor from a health center or a remote telemedicine unit located in a hospital, the respiratory rate of a user who wears a mask that incorporates the device of the invention, being able to send alerts to a mobile device in case of detecting any abnormality in the user's respiratory rhythm.

The breathing monitoring device of the invention allows, optionally, monitoring by means of additional sensors of other types of variables related to the state of health and/or respiratory capacity of the user.

The breathing monitoring device, object of the present invention, is of particular application in the field of telemedicine devices and remote monitoring of the state of health of a user.

Background of the invention and technical problem to be solved

The pandemic produced by Sars Cov 2 (Covid 19) has made the use of masks necessary in many situations.

Masks often cause difficulty in breathing and, in certain situations of physical exercise or nervous or anxious states of the user who wears the mask, they can be a significant impediment to breathing.

It is common that, in hospitals or residences, there are people who spend a long time wearing the mask. These people, due to their age or their situation of special vulnerability, must be constantly monitored to check their health and ensure that they are breathing correctly.

In the state of the art, some masks are known that allow remote monitoring of some variables related to the health and/or breathing of the user who wears the mask.

Thus, in the document “Towards data-driven pre-operative evaluation of lung cancer patients: the case of smart mask B. Myers, JA Nahal, C. Yang, L. Brown, S. Ghiasi, A. Knoesen, in: Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Wireless Health (WH), 2016, pp. 1-6, a portable mask designed to measure the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the breath, as well as the levels of vital activity of the patient is described. Oxygen, carbon dioxide and activity data can be measured continuously over a long period of time in the environment of the patient's choice. The skin is capable of wireless data transfer to basic smartphones. This mask requires a battery or external power source and does not allow monitoring of the user's respiratory rate. Additionally, the mask described in this document must be quite robust (much more rigid than, for example, a surgical mask or FFP2) as it must house these sensors.

On the other hand, in the document "Lab-on-Mask for Remote Respiratory Monitoring” [Pan, L., Wang, C., Jin, H., Li, J., Yang, L., Zheng, Y., Wen , Y., Tan, BH, Loh, XJ, & Chen, X. (2020) ACS Materials Letters, 2(9), describes a smart mask, very similar to the one disclosed in the previous document, which has different sensors integrated into a PCB that allow monitoring in the cloud of different physical parameters associated with pneumonia such as heart rate, blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation.Again, this mask must be robust, it has a lot of weight due to the components integrated on a PCB that is part of the mask structure and does not monitor respiration.

Description of the invention

In order to solve the aforementioned drawbacks, the present invention relates to a respiration monitoring device.

The respiration monitoring device, object of the present invention, comprises a deformation sensor element configured to be incorporated into a mask and to produce an electrical signal in response to the deformations produced in the fabric (or textile material) of the mask by respiration. of a user wearing the mask.

The respiration monitoring device is configured to transmit said electrical signal to a remote monitoring center.

By means of the respiration monitoring device described above, it is possible, by means of a deformation sensor element, to monitor the respiration of the user of a mask (thanks to the measurement of the deformations in the deformation sensor element, deformations that in turn reflect the deformations in the material of the mask produced by the inspirations and expirations of the user).

Preferably, the deformation sensor element comprises at least one sheet configured to be inserted into the layers that make up the material of the mask, or to be adhered to a face or outer surface of the mask.

This makes it possible to monitor the user's breathing, without excessively increasing the weight and consistency of the mask.

According to a first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the strain sensor element is formed by a first material consisting of a flexible poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether epoxy resin reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and hardened with 4.4 -diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) (GNP/PEG ^d G ^e ).

Also according to the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the strain sensor element can be connected by wired connection to a first transmitter.

According to a second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the strain sensor element is formed by a second material consisting of a triboelectric material configured to act as a triboelectric nanoenergy generator (TENG).

This second material can be fire retardant and/or resistant to humidity.

According to a first variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the strain sensor element is wirelessly connected, via an antenna, to a first transmitter, through a first receiver configured to receive signals from the strain sensor element through the antenna, where the first receiver is connected to said first emitter.

According to a second variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the strain sensor element is connected via a wired connection to a first transmitter.

The first transmitter can be configured to transmit a signal with data related to the user's breathing to the remote monitoring center, through wireless communication with a reception module, where the reception module includes an Internet connection for the transmission of the data related to the user's breathing to an internet platform (telemedicine platform), accessible from a monitoring equipment (electronic device with internet connection) located in the remote monitoring center.

The wireless communication between the first emitter and the receiving module can be configured in a short-range first stage and a long-range second stage, where in the short-range first stage the first emitter is configured to transmit a radio frequency signal of short-range carrier of the user's breathing data to a communications module, and where in the long-range second stage the communications module is configured to transmit a long-range radio frequency signal carrying the breathing data from the user to the reception module.

According to one aspect of the invention, the first emitter can be configured to be placed on a bracelet (or garment or wearable item) worn by the user. The first emitter can be configured to be placed on an anklet or on a wristband or bracelet.

The device also allows other vital signs such as pulse to be monitored within the same device, by incorporating the corresponding sensors such as a pulse oximeter.

The present invention also relates to a mask incorporating a respiration monitoring device as described above.

The mask can be made of a fire retardant and/or moisture resistant material. The mask may comprise a respiration monitoring device according to the second embodiment described above wherein all or part of the fabric or textile material of the mask is formed by the second material.

The present invention also refers to a material consisting of flexible poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether epoxy resin reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and hardened with 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) (GNP/PEGDGE), suitable for use as deformation sensor element (100).

Likewise, the present invention also refers to the use of the material mentioned in the previous paragraph as a strain sensor element.

Thus, the present invention seeks to solve one of the most important problems related to the monitoring of biological parameters and vital signs of a person, such as their breathing, something that is fundamental in the field of medicine and more in situations of pandemics or epidemics. inside and outside hospitals. At present there are no known sensors that are very light, highly sensitive to movements, very cheap, that in certain cases can generate their own operating power and that send voltage signals remotely to a control unit or to a receiving system. portable as a mobile or a tablet. By means of a material that is very small and light, highly sensitive to the change in its electrical resistance due to deformation, we can monitor a patient's breathing through the movements suffered by the mask (FPP2, surgical, etc.) that they are wearing, during the processes of inspiration and expiration.

In the event that the material is a triboelectric energy sensor (TENG) (second embodiment of the mask), it produces its own operating energy and sends signals by itself to a receiving system through an antenna that comes out of it. sensor or by a radio transmitter that is connected to it and that sends the wireless signal to a Gateway or receiver connected to the Internet, in such a way that the monitoring signal can be seen on an Internet platform.

In the case of the first embodiment of the mask, the first material highly sensitive to changes in electrical resistance is connected to a small battery, for example, a 3 V Li flat cell, by means of two electrodes acting as electrodes. of force and that generate the electrical power necessary to detect the change in electrical resistance of the material when deformed. On the other hand, two other monitoring or measurement electrodes and located between the other two power electrodes, detect the current that passes through the circuit by means of the potential drop between the points of the material to which they are connected and the change in conductivity. of the sample in that length of material. Thus, the potential difference, which is measured by a radio transmitter (LoRa, Wi-Fi or similar type), can be monitored locally or remotely and will show a pattern depending on the type of deformation suffered by the material.

The first material highly sensitive to changes in electrical conductivity consists of a flexible poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) epoxy resin reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The PEGDGE epoxy resin monomer is cured with 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). The deformation sensor attached to the mask can have dimensions of 50x15x3 mm3, although this geometry and dimensions can be changed, since it is easily manipulated.

Alternatively, the second material that is attached to the mask or that can even make the entire coating of it, can be a triboelectric energy nanogenerator (TENG) whose friction and contact between layers of different electronegativity produces a very high electrification and as a consequence a high self-generation of electrical power that is transmitted through electrodes that come out of the conductive parts of the TENG layers and that end in a radio transmitter sensor. This radio transmitter can wirelessly emit the voltage signal generated by the TENG or allows it to be monitored locally through a processing unit, that is, a computer, tablet, or similar.

The TENG can be made of different triboelectric materials. For example: flame retardant materials with different percentages of PPA-PEI and with concentrations of PVA/1, 5, 10 and 100 wt% PPA-PEI: PVDF. Others may also be those that use HFP, such as Paper@50PA:PVDF-HFP and others that are low cost and easier to manufacture, such as those that use PDMS: Al-paper:PDMS-Al.

The TENG may have an antenna that emits the signal generated during the breathing process to a few meters. In this way, no signal transmitter is necessary as long as a radio receiver that acts as a Gateway is located at a close distance and allows the signal generated by the TENG to be monitored on the Internet through any IoT platform, corresponding to inspiration and subject's expiration.

Whenever there is a radio transmitter, there must be a receiver that receives the signal and sends it via Wi-Fi to any IoT internet portal or through an Ethernet cable connected to the network. The transmitter can also receive the signal and monitor it locally, on a computer located next to the patient.

Radio transmitters can be of different types and following various protocols. In the event that LoRa (Long Range) is used, the distance from the transmitter to the receiver can be very long, up to 20 km in interurban areas and hundreds of kms in open country areas without interference. Through a LoRa network, it is possible to continuously send breathing patterns with acquisition frequencies of up to 111 ms using certain LoRa transmitters and a specialized information upload and download code. In this way, the patient's breathing can be monitored in control units located at very great distances from the radiofrequency emitter. This system is very useful for cases in which there are elderly people living alone and who have to use masks, either in pandemic situations or in situations in which the patient needs them to monitor their vital status.

The LoRA RAK or Gateway can have different operating frequencies: in the subGHz range (868/914, MHz) or in the 2.4 GHz range.

The first radiofrequency emitter is attached to the first material highly sensitive in electrical resistance changes or to the corresponding second TENG material. For this reason, this first emitter is small and can easily be integrated into the mask itself or into a bracelet, anklet, wristband or bracelet worn by the user.

In the event that only one antenna is used to transmit the breathing signal, there will be no radiofrequency transmitter, but simply a receiver that transmits said signal to the Internet by radio or cable. In addition, an ADC (analog digital converter) can be used together with the receiver for which, above a certain threshold, the signal goes from low to high.

The same transmitter can send text messages indicating the subject's breathing status, in the same way as other alarm values when the breathing rate is indicative of apnea or health problems.

Other sensors such as O2, CO2, NO concentration meters, as well as temperature, humidity, pressure, etc., can be incorporated into the same mask. They will measure these physical magnitudes both due to the air expelled in the mask and due to external environmental conditions. Some of these sensors, such as those for monitoring environmental conditions, can be integrated into the radiofrequency emitter and are complemented by the respiration rate detected by the first material, highly sensitive to changes in electrical resistance, as well as by the signal self-generated by the second. TENG material, incorporated, where appropriate, into the mask.

Brief description of the figures

A figure is briefly described here as a non-limiting example, which helps to better understand the invention:

Figure 1: schematically shows a first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device object of the present invention.

Figure 2: schematically shows the connection of the respiration monitoring device to a bracelet with a radio transmitter, according to the first or second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device object of the present invention. Figure 3: schematically shows a first variant of a second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device object of the present invention, where the deformation sensor elements are configured for wired connection with a short-range radiofrequency emitter .

Figure 4: schematically shows a second variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device object of the present invention, where the deformation sensor elements are configured for wireless connection by means of an antenna, with a receiver of radio frequency.

Figure 5: schematically shows the wired connection of the strain sensor elements to the short-range radiofrequency emitter, in the first variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device.

Figure 6: schematically shows the wireless connection by means of an antenna of the strain sensor elements to the radio frequency receiver and the wired connection of said radio frequency receiver with the short range radio frequency transmitter, in the second variant of the second way of realization of the respiration monitoring device.

Figure 7: schematically shows the elements involved in monitoring the respiration of a user wearing a mask according to the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device of the present invention.

Figure 8: shows, analogously to Figure 7, the elements involved in monitoring the respiration of a user wearing a mask, according to the first variant or the second variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device of the present invention.

Figure 9: shows a set of monitoring graphs, in an IoT platform, for both high and low range radio emissions, of a person's breathing in a relaxed, less relaxed and more excited mode.

Figure 10a: shows a graph with the monitoring over time of the change in normalized resistance, both in normal and suffocated breathing.

Figure 10b: shows a graphic detail with the voltage waveform detected in the inspiration and expiration modes.

Figure 11: shows a graph with the change of the normalized resistance divided by the deformation suffered (R-Ro)/Ros experienced by the deformation sensor element, according to the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, before the effort to which it is subjected for GNP concentrations of 8 and 10%.

Detailed description

The present invention relates, as mentioned above, to a respiration monitoring device.

The respiration monitoring device object of the present invention is configured to be incorporated into a mask (1). The mask (1) can, for example, be an FFP2 type mask or the like.

The respiration monitoring device comprises one or more deformation sensor elements (100) arranged between its layers or attached to one of the faces of the mask (1) (for example, the sensor element(s) (100) of deformations may/n be attached to the outer face or outer surface of the mask (1)).

Each deformation sensor element (100) is made of a material highly sensitive to deformation.

According to the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device object of the present invention (shown in Figure 1), the respiration monitoring device comprises at least one deformation sensor element (100) that is characterized by varying its electrical resistance to deformation.

In the present invention, a specific and novel first material (2) has been designed to form the deformation sensor element(s) (100) of the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device of the invention.

This novel first material (2) is a flexible poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether epoxy resin reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and hardened with 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). This novel first material (2) is highly sensitive to changes in its electrical conductivity when deformed.

According to the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, a battery or power supply (3) that occupies very little space acts as a power source, supplying a potential difference to the strain sensor element (100), through two electrodes. said power source (3) coming out of it.

In this first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the strain sensor element (100) is connected to two other electrodes called measurement electrodes (4), which allow the change in resistance of the first material (2) to be measured by the detection of voltage change that is related to the change of electrical resistance for a given electrical current.

This change in voltage is due to the changes in deformation that the mask (1) presents upon inspiration and expiration by the user who wears it, which are transmitted to the novel first material (2).

The measurement electrodes (4) carry this signal with information about the deformation of the first material (2) and are connected to a first radiofrequency emitter (11) that can go attached (see Figure 2) to a bracelet (5) on the forearm (or similar position) of the user in question.

Figure 7 shows a diagram of the elements involved in monitoring the respiration of a user wearing a mask (1) according to this first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device.

The first transmitter (11) sends a short-range wireless signal to a communications module (13). The communications module (13) is configured to receive the short-range signal that comes from the first transmitter (11) and resend the information about the user's respiratory rate (along with other additional information captured by other possible sensors that may be installed in the mask (1)) through a long-range signal to a reception module (14).

The communications module (13) can be configured for a LoRa (Long Range) emission with ranges of up to 20 km in interurban areas.

The reception module (14) is connected to the internet, either wirelessly (WiFi) or wired via an Ethernet cable. Thus, the reception module (14) is configured to act as a gateway or gateway (which can be a raspberry pi with a RAK attached).

The reception module (14) receives the long-range signal that comes from the communications module (13) and sends the information about the user's respiratory rate (along with other additional information captured by other possible sensors that may be installed in the mask). (1)) via the Internet to a monitoring center (17) (for example, a hospital or a health center) with a telemedicine unit for supervision of patients located in places far from the monitoring center (17).

From the monitoring center (17), medical or health personnel, by means of monitoring equipment (15) (a computer, smartphone, tablet, etc.), can monitor on the screen (6) of said monitoring equipment ( 15), the information about the user's respiratory rate (together with other additional information captured by other possible sensors of the respiration monitoring device that may be installed in the mask (1)), information that has been downloaded from the reception (14) to an internet platform (16).

The screen (6) of the monitoring equipment (15) or a processing unit (computer, mobile, etc.) allows breathing monitoring to be viewed on the Internet, through a platform (16) characteristic of the Internet of Things ( IoT).

From the reception module (14), if configured using LoRaWAN technology, platforms such as TTS (The Things of Stack) can be used. On the other hand, through monitoring programs and data representation, the voltage signal can be monitored on said platforms (16). An example of a program used in LoRaWAN is UbiDOTS. In addition, in the case of using remote data transfers over long distances, which are usually characterized by low acquisition frequencies, acquisition programs can obtain acquisition frequencies of 0.1 s, which are sufficient frequencies for respiration monitoring. All the data can go to monitoring centers (17) or control units in cities and more specifically hospitals where the data received will be analyzed.

According to a second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the at least one strain sensor element (100) is one (or two) sheet/s of a second triboelectric material (7).

Thus, according to this second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device (see Figure 3), the respiration monitoring device comprises (disposed between the layers or attached, for example, to an outer face of the mask (1 )) at least one strain sensor element (100), comprising a second material (7) (triboelectric material), which behaves as a triboelectric nanoenergy generator (TENG).

The second material (7) (triboelectric material or TENG material) can be made of different triboelectric materials. For example: flame retardant materials with different percentages of PPA-PEI and with concentrations of PVA/1, 5, 10 and 100 wt% PPA-PEI: PVDF. Others may also be those that have HFP, such as Paper@50PA:PVDF-HFP and others that are low cost and easier to manufacture, such as those that have PDMS: Alpaper:PDMS-Al.

Thus, in the respiration monitoring device according to the second embodiment, the deformation sensor element (100) may comprise two electrode sheets (8, 9) (a positive electrode sheet (8) and a negative electrode sheet (9)) or a single electrode sheet (the negative connected to ground) in such a way that the movement of the mask (1) due to the user's breathing produces friction and contact between the electropositive and electronegative layers of the second triboelectric material (7), generating a voltage signal that represents the breathing rate of the patient or user.

Figure 4 shows a first variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device. According to this first variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the at least one strain sensor element (100) is connected to an antenna (10). Through this antenna (10), the deformation sensor element (100) sends information about the user's respiratory rate to a first receiver (12), which is in turn connected to the first transmitter (11) (see Figure 6 ).

The first receiver (12) can also behave as an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), transforming the received signal into a low (0V) or high (5V) voltage state depending on whether the signal reaches a threshold or not.

The antenna (10) can be coupled to the layer of conductive material of one of the two triboelectric layers of the strain sensor element (100) of the respiration monitoring device, so that the voltage signal associated with respiration can be transmitted of at close distances from it.

Figure 5 shows a second variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device. According to this second variant of the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the at least one deformation sensor element (100) is directly connected to the first emitter (12) by means of a wired connection.

In both the first variant and the second variant of the second embodiment, the deformation sensor element (100) generates sufficient energy (due to the effect triboelectric) so as not to need a battery or power supply connected to said strain sensor element (100).

Figure 8 shows a diagram of the elements involved in monitoring the respiration of a user wearing a mask (1) according to the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device (either in its first variant or in its second variant).

Similarly to the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, also in the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, once the information about the user's respiration has been sent to the first transmitter (11), the communications scheme is the same as that of Figure 7 with the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device.

In case of detecting, from the monitoring center (17), some type of anomaly in the data received from the user's respiration, alarm messages can be sent to the mobile or to another device of the user or a residence in the event that the subject's breathing does not follow normal behavior.

However, data relating to the user's breathing can also be sent to the mobile or to another device of the user or a residence under normal breathing conditions, and not only when some type of anomaly is detected.

As already mentioned, the monitoring device can incorporate other possible sensors configured to be installed in the mask (1), in addition to the deformation sensor element (100) dedicated to measuring the respiratory rate. Thus, the monitoring device can incorporate T meters, pulse oximeters to complement the patient's breathing, etc.

Both with the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device (with the deformation sensor element (100) formed by the first material (2) (GNP/PEGDGE)) and with the second embodiment of the respiration monitoring device. respiration (with the deformation sensor element (100) formed by the second material (7) (TE ⁿ G)), respiration can be monitored when the subject is in relaxed mode (18) as well as when he is in excited mode (19 ). In fact, due to the high sensitivity of the materials used, the different states of tranquility/excitement in which the subject is presented can be easily distinguished.

Figure 9 shows a set of graphs for monitoring the respiration of a person in relaxed mode (12), less relaxed and excited mode (19).

In the case of the first embodiment of the respiration monitoring device, the respiration monitoring with the first material (2) (GNP/PEGDGE) is due to the change of the nominal electrical resistance (20) with the deformation ( see Figure 10a). In the same way as the voltage, this change in nominal resistance will be different if the subject is breathing in normal or excited mode. Furthermore, the inspiration process generates a different form of voltage than expiration (see Figure 10b) and this is due to the type of deformation suffered by the surface of the mask (1) and as a consequence, the first material (2). .

As additional data, the percentage of GNP in the first material (2) (GNP/PEGDGE) can greatly affect the gauge factor (22) with respect to mechanical stress. Said gauge factor (22) is the relationship between the change in normalized resistance (G=4R/R0) and the deformation (£) (G=4R/R0£), being able to reach values of 80 for force tensions of 0.2 N ( see Figure 11).

Claims (16)

1. Respiration monitoring device characterized in that it comprises a deformation sensor element (100) configured to be incorporated into a mask (1) and to produce an electrical signal in response to the deformations produced in the fabric or textile material of the mask (1 ) by the breathing of a user of the mask (1), where the respiration monitoring device is configured to transmit said electrical signal to a remote monitoring center (17). 2. Respiration monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformation sensor element (100) comprises at least one sheet configured to be inserted into the layers that make up the fabric or textile material of the mask (1), or to be adhered to a face or outer surface of the mask (1). 3. Respiration monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformation sensor element (100) is formed by a first material (2) consisting of flexible poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether epoxy resin reinforced with nanoplatelets of graphene (GNPs) and hardened with 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone (D ^d S) (GNP/PEGDGE). Respiration monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the strain sensor element (100) is connected via a wired connection to a first transmitter (11). 5. Respiration monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformation sensor element (100) is formed by a second material (2) consisting of a triboelectric material configured to act as a triboelectric energy nanogenerator (TENG ). Respiration monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the strain sensor element (100) is wirelessly connected, via an antenna (10), to a first transmitter (11), via a first receiver (12) configured to receive signals from the deformation sensor element (100) through the antenna (10), where the first receiver (12) is connected to said first emitter (11). Respiration monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that the deformation sensor element (100) is connected via a wired connection to a first transmitter (11). 8. Respiration monitoring device according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the second material (2) is fire retardant and/or moisture resistant. 9. Respiration monitoring device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first transmitter (11) is configured to transmit a signal with data related to the user's respiration to the remote monitoring center (17), through a wireless communication with a reception module (14), where the reception module (14) comprises an internet connection for the transmission of data relating to the user's respiration to an internet platform (16), accessible from a computer monitoring system (15) located in the remote monitoring center (17). 10. Respiration monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that the wireless communication between the first transmitter (11) and the receiver module (14) is configured in a short-range first stage and a long-range second stage. , where in the first short-range stage the first transmitter (11) is configured to transmit a short-range radio frequency signal carrying the data related to the user's breathing to a communications module (13), and where in the second Long-Range Stage The communications module (13) is configured to transmit a long-range radio frequency signal carrying data relating to the user's breathing to the receiving module (14). 11. Respiration monitoring device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first emitter (11) is configured to be attached to a bracelet (5) or wristband or anklet that can be worn by the user. 12. Mask (1) characterized in that it comprises a breathing monitoring device according to any of claims 1 to 11. 13. Mask (1) according to claim 12, characterized by being made of a fireproof and/or moisture resistant material. 14. Mask (1) according to claim 12, comprising a respiration monitoring device according to any of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that all or part of the fabric or textile material of the mask is formed by the second material ( 2). 15. Material consisting of flexible epoxy poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether resin reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and hardened with 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) (GNP/PEGDGE), suitable for use as a sensor element (100) of deformation). Use of the material of claim 15 as a strain sensor element (100).