ES2629608B1 - Procedure for obtaining a template and product thus obtained - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for obtaining a template and product thus obtained, whose main advantage lies in the fact of increasing the support surface of the foot, reducing the pressure of the tread and consequently, the load supported by the foot, which is achieved thanks to a stage during its conformation, where the user provides heat to a previously obtained template, until it acquires the form of the physiognomy of the user's own foot; and where said temperature will be a maximum temperature between 31.5º - 32ºC.

Description

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Procedure for obtaining an EPA and DHA ester concentrate from crude or refined marine oils, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

to) . contacting raw or refined marine oil with one or more alkalis and water at a maximum temperature of 100 ° C until a mixture comprising saponified marine oil is obtained;

b). contacting the saponified mixture with one or more organic solvents to form a refined phase comprising alkaline salts of fatty acids and an extracted phase;

C) . separate the extracted phase from the refined phase;

d). mixing the refined phase with an aqueous solution of an acid to form a non-aqueous phase comprising fatty acids and an aqueous phase;

e). separating the aqueous phase from the non-aqueous phase;

f). mixing the separated non-aqueous phase with an alcohol and an esterification catalyst at a maximum temperature of 150 ° C until an esterified mixture comprising fatty acid esters is obtained;

g). remove the catalyst from the esterified mixture to obtain the esterified mixture without catalyst;

h). remove the solvent from the esterified mixture without catalyst to obtain fatty acid esters, and

i). Distillate fatty acid esters in a short-distance distillation column at a temperature of 180 ° C maximum and a pressure below 1 mbar to obtain a concentrate comprising EPA and DHA esters.

Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali of step (a) is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, and the weight ratio of alkali a crude or refined oil is approximately 0.15: 1 and the weight ratio of water to crude or refined oil is between 0.5: 1 and 2: 1.

Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of step (a) comprises ethanol and the weight ratio of ethanol to crude or refined oil is between 0.5: 1 and 2: 1.

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of step (a) comprises hexane and the weight ratio of hexane to crude or refined oil is between 0.5: 1 and 2: 1.

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of step (a) comprises one or more antioxidants and the weight ratio of the antioxidant to the crude or refined oil is less than 1: 100.

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of step (a) is maintained at a pressure of approximately 1 bar and at a temperature of not more than 100 ° C for a period of time between 30 and 120 minutes to obtain marine oil saponified

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (d) the acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, trichloroacetic acid and carbonic acid, the temperature is between 20 and 70 ° C, the pressure is about 1 bar and because the stoichiometric ratio of the acid to the alkali of step (a) is about 1.05: 1.

Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alcohol of step (f) is chosen from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol and glycerol, the temperature is between 30 and 80 ° C, the pressure of about 1 bar and the mixture of Esterification is maintained at a temperature of between 30 and 80 ° C for a time of between 60 and 240 minutes to form the esterified mixture.

Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fatty acid esters are distilled at a pressure below 0.1 mbar and at a temperature below 150 ° C.

Claims (1)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 DESCRIPTION PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A TEMPLATE AND PRODUCT SO OBTAINED Object of the invention The present invention has as its object the process of obtaining a template and product thus obtained, and whose main advantage lies in the fact of increasing the support surface of the foot, decreasing the pressure of the tread and consequently, the load supported by the foot. Background of the invention At present, various means or methods for obtaining templates by means of moldings or the like are known, which can be customizable by various techniques, but they imply a high economic cost associated with said customization, which also does not imply an effective final result in terms of said benefits. For example, we can cite the GB1080489 patent that describes various methods for molding polymer foams and the manufacture of various articles, such as shoe insoles. Said document discloses laminated structures consisting of a central layer of a foamy material surrounded by outer layers of the foam modified with a thermoplastic resin, which are joined to the central skeleton by heating and compression. Thus, for example, to obtain a template, a layer of a plastic foam was coated with a nylon fabric on its outer surfaces, and the assembly was placed in a preheated aluminum mold, heated to 360 F (180 ° C), undergoing a pressure of 10 tons (9, 6 bars) for 90 seconds. Once cooled, the molded part was die cut. Similarly, WO9309930 describes a process for obtaining a three-dimensional profile on the outer surface of a body, which comprises a thermoplastic layer and an elastic layer formed by an elastomeric material, such as lycra, and can also comprise a third layer attached to the thermoplastic and constituted by a non-woven polypropylene or nylon. The three layers are preferably joined to form a sheet prior to the thermoplastic layer forming process. The laminated product is heated so that the foam layer reaches a temperature sufficient to be thermoformed (about 200 ° C), and placed in a press and pressed into a mold of 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 aluminum for about a minute, so that a three-dimensional image is obtained in the laminate. Various articles, such as shoe soles, can be obtained by this compression molding / thermoforming process. US 5282326 discloses a removable footwear insole comprising three layers that are integrally molded into a single article. The document also discloses a process for the preparation of said article, which can be carried out by conventional methods, such as thermoforming or compression molding, followed by die cutting of the product obtained Finally, the owner of the invention also owns the Spanish patent ES 2 523 496 describes a method of obtaining a thermoformed article, the procedure being carried out in an aluminum mold and using three layers of the final article or product different materials comprising the following operational phases: - arrangement of the three layers of material superimposed on the mold, - molding of the set of the three superimposed layers for a time between 100 and 360 seconds, at a temperature between 120 ° and 200 ° C, and at a pressure between 20 and 70 Bars, - mold opening and corresponding demoulding, -cooling and conditioning of the unmold product, -screening of that product obtained, to achieve the final article or product with the shape of the mold, and which is characterized in that in obtaining a shoe template, the bottom layer will be materialized in fabric or polyurethane foam, or a combination of fabric plus polyurethane foam, while the intermediate layer may be of non-woven polyester fabric with thermoplastic resins, or of polyester, cotton or polyamide fabric with thermoplastic resins, the upper layer being materialized in more foam or sponge fabric. Polyurethane or fabric plus polyurethane foam with carbon and recycled. None of the inventions described above include the possibility that the final molding of the thermoformed product or template can be carried out by the heat itself released from the user's foot, with the advantages that this derives, as in the reduction of the economic costs associated with the realization of the template, or the correct adaptability of the template to the physiognomy of the user's foot. And that in turn, reduce the level of 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 sweating of the user's own foot. Description of the invention The technical problem solved by the present invention is to achieve a method of obtaining a shoe insole, adaptable to the user's physiognomy. To this end, the procedure for obtaining a template and product thus obtained, object of the present invention is characterized by comprising: - A first stage, pumping from a head on an aluminum mold in the form of the template of the lower layer, then the intermediate layer is deposited and finally the upper layer is deposited, at an average temperature of 45 ° C. - In a second stage, the pneumatic or hydraulic press of the mold is activated, during a molding time of 100 to 360 seconds, and at a temperature, both in the upper and lower areas of the mold, of 120 ° at 200 ° C, and at a pressure during molding of 20 to 70 Bars, until the forming material (preferably polyurethane) adheres solidly. - In a third stage, after the molding phase referred to above, the mold is opened and the product is demoulded accordingly. - In a fourth stage, the product is cooled and conditioned. - In a fifth stage the stamping and elimination of small residues adhered to it is carried out. - In a sixth stage, the template obtained is heated by means of the heat provided by the user's own foot, which can also be carried out by microwave, hot air, etc. in case the heat released by the user's foot is not sufficient, until it adapts to the physiognomy of the user's foot. The invention will become an ideal solution for users who want to use a template adaptable to their physiognomy, especially useful for the prevention of injuries (in the case of athletes) or workers, who wear safety shoes, which increases comfort in the use of rigid footwear. Likewise, the main advantage of the template obtained is the increase in the support surface of the foot, since it produces a decrease in the maximum pressure of the foot. 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 tread, with the consequent decrease in the load supported by the static foot, which leads to greater comfort and comfort of the foot, and reduces the fatigue of the foot and / or leg of the individuals who carry it continuously. In the same way, thanks to its materialization, the template will reduce sweat levels than other similar products. Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to restrict the present invention. In addition, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein. Brief description of the figures A series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention which is presented as a non-limiting example thereof is described very briefly below. FIG 1. Shows a schematic view of the procedure for obtaining a heating template. Preferred Embodiment of the Invention A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the attached figures. More specifically, the procedure for obtaining a template and product thus obtained, object of the present report is characterized by comprising: - A first stage (1), pumping from a head onto an aluminum mold in the form of the template of the lower layer, then the intermediate layer is deposited and finally the upper layer is deposited, at an average temperature of 45 ° C. - In a second stage (2), the pneumatic or hydraulic press of the mold is activated, during a molding time of 100 to 360 seconds, and at a 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 temperature, both in the upper and lower areas of the mold, from 120 ° to 200 ° C, and at a pressure during molding of 20 to 70 Bars, until the forming material (preferably polyurethane) adheres solidly . - In a third stage (3), after the molding phase referred to above, the mold is opened and the product is demoulded accordingly. - In a fourth stage (4), the product is cooled and conditioned. - In a fifth stage (5) the stamping and elimination of small residues adhered to it is carried out. - In a sixth stage (6), the template obtained is heated by means of the heat provided by the user's own foot, until it adapts to the physiognomy of the user's foot. Said heating shall be carried out with a maximum temperature of the order of between 31.5 ° - 32 ° C. In a particular embodiment, in case the heat provided by the user's own foot, an extra heat input may be made, from an external source, such as a microwave, hot air, etc. The fact that the template obtained, works in a range between 31.5 - 32 ° C, is not a casual event, since in that temperature range, it is within the range of maximum comfort for the user, and decreases the levels of sweating in the foot, which completely eliminates the risk of suffering epithelial injuries due to friction and pressure. Similarly, the template presented here (according to biomechanical studies) reduces joint damage in the tread to approximately: - 13% in the ankle in adults and up to 63% in children, - 18% in the knee in adults and up to 72% in children, - and 6% in the lower back. Finally, the workforce improves the uniformity of the users who carry it, between 8 - 12%; and it improves the stability of the tread between 30 and 50%, which translates into a decrease in the muscular activity of stabilization of the passage, and consequently the muscular fatigue. In a particular embodiment, the upper layer that forms the template obtained, may be materialized in fabric plus a foam or polyurethane sponge, or woven plus a polyurethane foam with carbon and recycled. 5 Similarly, the intermediate layer may be a nonwoven polyester fabric with thermoplastic resins or a polyester, cotton or polyamide fabric with thermoplastic resins. And finally, the bottom layer may be made of either polyurethane foam or a fabric plus polyurethane foam.