ES2533439T3 - Profile composed of metal-plastic material - Google Patents

Abstract

Profile composed of metal-plastic material with an insulating profile rib in the form of a profile of plastic material, the profile of plastic material presenting a load wall, as well as, if necessary, one or more hollow chambers that run parallel to the longitudinal direction of the profile, the load wall being reinforced with a continuous fiber beam to absorb bending and shear stresses in a partial volume, the fiber beam being a fiber tape, in which the individual fibers are presented with a preferred direction in the longitudinal direction of the fiber belt, the connection being formed between the rib of insulating profile and the metal parts of the profile composed of metal-plastic material resistant to shearing and the profile of fiber material reinforced with fiber bundle being placed as load building element.

Description

E02003876

03-23-2015

DESCRIPTION

Profile composed of metal-plastic material

The invention relates to a profile composed of metal-plastic material with an insulating rib in the form of a profile of plastic material, which is configured, if necessary, with one or more hollow chambers running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the profile.

Plastic material profiles are known in multiple ways and are used, for example, as constructive elements (for example, frame profiles) for the manufacture of windows, window walls, doors, facade elements, etc., especially also as elements. for the manufacture of frame profiles.

For these purposes of use, the plastic material profiles are constructed constructively so that they can absorb or transmit compression and tensile stresses, as well as bending moments, with limited flexion. EP 0063234A1 shows such a plastic material profile.

To achieve sufficient rigidity, the profiles used as frame profiles are further stiffened further by means of insertable metal profiles.

20 In addition to this, in frame profiles, the mechanical requirements that the section of the profile would be enlarged could also be taken into account with certain limits, which, however, is disadvantageous in glass-bearing constructions, since the part of the frame It enlarges and the part of the glass is reduced.

However, by choosing the material to be used, the maximum load for the part has been fixed, and with it the maximum construction size, for example, of a window.

If higher loads to be transmitted were then to be absorbed, it was necessary, especially in the use of profiles of plastic material and thermoplastics reinforced with short fibers, to insert metal or pultruded profiles for reinforcement in the inner zone of hollow chamber (s) ).

30 As a whole this leads to clearly more complex and expensive manufacturing methods and makes it easier to recycle profiles more and more in demand after the useful period of the corresponding construction piece.

35 It is also problematic in the processing of these profiles, that the reinforcements in the configuration of angular zones cannot be welded like the profile itself, but that they must either remain without union, or they must be manufactured with a separate technology using elements of expensive angular joint.

Plastic material profiles, such as insulating ribs, were so far limited in their function, due to the

40 low mechanical rigidity, to ensure a defined distance of metal profiles. Therefore, they have not been able to have any kind of consideration in static calculations as an individual constructive element. An insulating rib of this type is known for example from DE 4409315 A1.

It is the task of the present invention to propose a profile composed of metal-plastic material, based on a profile of

45 plastic material that can be produced with a simple manufacturing process, which can also be handled easily in subsequent processing and that can be considered as an individual constructive element in static calculations.

This task is solved with a profile composed of metal-plastic material according to claim 1. The partial volume or the partial volumes are chosen and arranged so that

(to)

 results in maximum flexural strength of the plastic material profile and

(b)

 a minimal negative influence of the thermal resistance is caused.

Preferably, the bundles of continuous fibers are extruded into two parallel outer walls of the profile.

If necessary, a beam of continuous fibers can also be extruded inside a transverse wall of the load profile.

When, in relation to the present invention, a fiber bundle is referred to inward extrusion, this should always be understood in such a way that at least one fiber bundle can be extruded inside, but if necessary also two or more bundles of fibers in the same wall.

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The fiber bundles used according to the invention in the form of fiber ribbons are obtained by grouping a bundle of reinforcing fibers, which are held together by a matrix of a first plastic material.

This can be achieved by first impregnating the bundle of loose reinforcing fibers with the first plastic material or by mixing the reinforcing fibers with fibers of plastic material and melting the latter by driving the entire fiber bundle through a heating station, so that the fibers of plastic material form a matrix that holds the reinforcing fibers together.

Fibers for fiber bundles are not necessarily endless fibers, but can also be presented and processed in the form of clews, mats, braids or the like.

The fiber bundles can be incorporated in the manufacture of the plastic material profile, depending on the type and magnitude of the mechanical loads to be expected from the piece, on one or several walls of the load profile, without when there are greater demands change the geometry of the piece itself.

In addition, there is also the possibility, by means of the corresponding choice of fiber bundle fiber materials, to modify the mechanical stiffness of the piece manufactured from the profiles without changing the geometry in the piece.

A further adaptation of the stiffness values of the plastic material profile to the corresponding requirements can be achieved by changing the amount of the fiber bundles arranged in a wall or in several load walls.

Finally, the amount of fibers can also be varied per fiber bundle, to meet changed stiffness requirements.

In this way, in the case of the profile of fiber-reinforced plastic material used according to the invention, the product of module E and the moment of inertia can be precisely adjusted to the corresponding purpose of use, without changes in the geometry of the profile being necessary of plastic material or its size.

Frequently the profiles of plastic material used according to the invention will be presented as hollow profiles of plastic material, where the load wall is an outer wall of the hollow chamber or one of the hollow chambers of such a profile.

Due to the achievable mechanical rigidities of the plastic material profiles used according to the invention, these are especially suitable for carrying out load constructions on which only metal cover plates on the inner and outer side must be mounted, for example.

In addition, the profiles of plastic material used according to the invention act as insulating ribs for metal profile constructions, especially for frame constructions. In this case the profiles of plastic material used according to the invention have the advantage, compared to the usual insulating ribs, that those used according to the invention, due to their greater mechanical rigidity, can be considered as constructive elements in static calculations with their timing of inertia, so that metal profiles can be sized smaller.

This not only leads to a saving of material costs, but also to a lower weight of the total construction.

In frame constructions with insulating glass filling (windows, doors, etc.), the profiles of plastic material used according to the invention may integrally contain the spacer for glass windows, so that, if necessary, for termination only cover plates have to be mounted on the plastic material profiles used according to the invention.

In addition, the interior of the hollow profile, in which the metal profiles were introduced in the state of the art, can be further subdivided by means of the provision of several longitudinal ribs, into a plurality of hollow chambers, which results in on the one hand, an additional stiffness gain and additional substantial advantages in thermal insulation values.

The profile of plastic material used according to the invention can pass without the usual metal reinforcement or also without the individual fibers included in the plastic material and has due to the concentration of the fiber reinforcement in fiber bundles, for example in the walls that give outside, and at substantially better thermal insulation values, especially also because metal profiles inserted for the improvement of mechanical properties are suppressed.

The fiber bundles are used for example in the form of tapes, and thus can be provided with a minimum dimension in the direction of heat transport through the profile in the case of use with thermal conductivity values

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Minimal, without having to suffer for it the mechanical properties that are required for the purpose of use. The fiber bundles are in this case preferably prefabricated elements provided or not with a compatible or non-compatible plastic material, and if necessary, treated with an adhesion agent.

The lack of metal reinforcement is also evident, with a smaller weight, as well as with the possibility of being able to make narrower views in the profile.

For the configuration of the profiles of plastic material a second plastic material is used, which is compatible with the first plastic material of the fiber bundles. In the simplest case the first and second plastic material can be of the same or even identical type.

In addition to this, a differentiated recycling is achieved here.

The plastic material profiles used according to the invention will preferably be reinforced on two essentially parallel outer walls of the profile with a continuous fiber bundle.

The reinforcing fibers can be chosen from among glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers and synthetic fibers, especially aramid fibers.

The plastic material profiles that are used according to the invention are especially suitable for the manufacture of frame constructions, windows, doors and facades, including three-dimensional facades and glass roof constructions, the plastic material profiles used according to the invention can be used , not only as insulating ribs for profiles composed of metal-plastic material, but also as frame profiles for the glass elements, and in addition to this, also as load building elements, as already mentioned above.

By means of the corresponding choice of the plastic material, those fields of application in which considerably higher temperatures appear with respect to what was the case in the plastic material profiles up to now can be covered, especially temperature ranges can be covered clearly above of 80 ºC.

This corresponds for example to roof constructions, which are exposed to reinforced solar irradiation.

The reinforcement by means of fiber bundles also deals with a decrease in the expansion coefficient, which especially improves the use of the profiles of plastic material according to the invention in larger window walls, large surface facades or three-dimensional constructions.

At the same time, it is also possible to improve with the profiles of plastic material according to the invention, the inhibition of breaking against windows of metallic materials (aluminum and steel). The same is true for the inhibition of shots, since the polymeric materials according to the invention represent good energy absorbers.

The last property is particularly pronounced in the profiles of plastic material used according to the invention, so that other fields of application are opened to these profiles, in which the energy absorption property is particularly important. Mention here are exemplary energy absorbing parts in automobiles, especially construction elements in the impact zones / impact absorption zones of the vehicles.

The process for manufacturing the profiles of plastic material used according to the invention comprises, in a first step, the impregnation of the selected reinforcing fiber bundles, with a first plastic material and then, the coextrusion of these fiber bundles of Reinforcement prepared, with a second plastic material compatible with the first plastic material, to give rise to plastic material profiles.

As mentioned above, fiber bundles of plastic material are preferably placed on one or several outer walls of the profile, since that is where they can best contribute to the increase of the mechanical stiffness of the profile. If necessary, the fiber bundles can also be extruded inside the transverse walls of the profile.

According to the invention, the product of the module of module E and moment of inertia for the corresponding profile, is adjusted to a given value in advance by means of placing the fiber bundle (s) in the profile, by means of the amount of fiber bundles and / or by means of the choice of fiber materials of the fiber bundle in the case of a profile geometry given in advance.

This and other advantages of the present invention are explained in greater detail below with the help of the drawings.

They show in particular:

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Figure 1: a schematic representation of a production installation for hollow profiles of plastic material for composite profiles of metal-plastic material according to the invention;

Figure 2: a hollow profile of plastic material used according to the invention in conjunction with a metal profile construction;

Figure 3: another hollow profile of plastic material used according to the invention in conjunction with a metal profile construction; Y

Figures 4a 6: a hollow profile of alternative plastic material according to the invention usable according to Figure 3 in conjunction with a metal profile construction.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device 200, with which hollow profiles usable according to the invention can be manufactured in a continuous process, being able to work continuously. The separate steps of the manufacture of the impregnated fiber tapes are integrated in the device, so that the fiber tapes pass directly from the manufacture to the extrusion of the profiles and can be used there without intermediate storage.

The device 200 comprises a provision of fiber reels 202, the same being grouped in an impregnation station 204 giving rise to two fiber tapes and there are impregnated respectively separately with a first plastic material.

From the impregnation station 204 both fiber tapes run in channels 206 and 207 to a mold tool 208, which works for example according to the procedure and the device described in DE 38 01 574.

The mold tool 208 is additionally supplied laterally with molten plastic material of a second material, compatible with the first plastic material, from an extruder 210, so that the fiber belts included in the second plastic material then leave the mold tool 208 integrated in the profile of plastic material 212 according to the invention (represented only schematically).

Although only the device is described here in such a way that it integrates two fiber tapes into the hollow profile of plastic material 212 usable according to the invention, it is easily imaginable that more complex or additional impregnation stations 204 can be pre-connected to the mold tool 208 and thus as many fiber tapes as necessary may be incorporated into the perimeter in the hollow profile of plastic material usable according to the invention.

Corresponding to the amount of fibers to be used in the individual fiber belt, the quantity of supply coils 208 is increased or decreased, so that also in this respect the adaptation of the module E product and the timing of inertia to the required characteristics of the hollow profile of plastic material.

Finally, it can also be seen in Figure 1, that the additional adaptation of the hollow profile of plastic material to the requirements established in the use in regard to its characteristics, can be carried out very simply because the supply coils can be made 202 by means of supply coils with other fibers, which have other mechanical properties.

Figure 2 shows a composite construction according to the invention, indicated in conjunction with reference 230, from an insulating rib 232, a hollow metal profile 234 and a flat metal profile 236. The insulating rib 232 has in all four corner zones 238 preformed ribs 239 in the form of a dovetail in cross section, which are engaged in complementary guides in the form of a dovetail 240, 241 of the hollow or flat profiles 234, 236.

The resulting union can absorb in total, that is, also with the insulating rib, forces, so that in the conception of the metal parts 234 and 236 the forces absorbed by the insulating rib can be reduced.

The joint is configured with shear resistance. This means a growth in mechanical stiffness and the option to minimize the measurements of the metal parts for the intended use purpose.

Figure 3 schematically shows a composite profile construction 250 according to the invention, formed in front of the construction of Figure 2 in the same way, with a hollow metal profile 234 and a flat profile 236, which are joined together and held remotely by means of two insulating ribs 252, 253. These insulating ribs can be replaced by various embodiments of profiles of plastic material to be used according to the invention, for example by those represented in figures 4 to 6. Figure 4 shows a

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insulating rib 254 which can replace insulating ribs 252, 253 and comprising reinforcements of fiber bundles 258, 259 extruded inside the outer walls 256, 257. In addition, the interior space of the hollow profile 254 is subdivided with ribs 260 to reduce convection heat transport. Simultaneously the ribs contribute to a stiffening of the hollow profile 254 and increase its moment of inertia. Alternatively, the ribs 252, 253 of Figure 3 can be replaced by flat profiles 270 according to the invention, as shown in Figure 5. This profile 270 has a load wall 272 in the form of a rib that extends between the dovetail shaped skirting boards 274, 275 of profile 270. Fiber reinforcements are extruded in the form of fiber bundles 276, 277 according to the invention in the load wall 272. In this case the fiber bundles can extend towards the inside, as in the case of fiber bundle 276, to the area of

10 the skirting boards 274, or be arranged exclusively in the wall area 272, as in the case of the fiber bundle 277. The choice of arrangement depends on the type of the request for the insulation rib 270 and the function that it should comply in the overall compound with metal profiles 234 and 236.

Finally, it is explained as an additional variant the construction of insulating rib as can be seen in the figure

In this case, an insulating rib 280 is formed from two construction elements 282, 283, which represent profiles of plastic material usable according to the invention. These are configured identically, and arranged in symmetry of rotation, and complement each other giving rise to an insulating rib 280 that resembles in its construction the insulating rib 230 of Figure 2. The individual construction element 282 or 283 is constructed from a wall 284 which carries up and down slats in the shape of a dovetail, with which

20, a force and / or positive or sliding drag connection can be manufactured with metal profiles 234 and 236. Adjacent to one of the dovetail-shaped slats 286, a load wall 288 moves straight away from the wall 284 . This wall 288 comprises a fiber beam reinforcement 290 extruded inwards, which gives the wall 288 the necessary moment of inertia.

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Claims (9)

1. Profile composed of metal-plastic material with a rib of insulating profile in the form of a profile of plastic material, the profile of plastic material presenting a load wall, as well as, if necessary, one or more 5 hollow chambers that pass parallel to the longitudinal direction of the profile, the load wall being reinforced with a continuous fiber beam to absorb bending and shear stresses in a partial volume, the fiber beam being a fiber tape, in which the individual fibers are they have a preferred direction in the longitudinal direction of the fiber belt, the connection being formed between the insulating profile rib and the metal parts of the profile composed of metal-plastic material resistant to shear and 10 the profile of plastic material reinforced with fiber bundle being placed as a load building element. 2. Profile composed of metal-plastic material according to claim 1, characterized in that two essentially parallel outer walls of the profile of plastic material are reinforced respectively with a continuous fiber bundle. fifteen

3.

Profile composed of metal-plastic material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a transverse load wall of the profile of plastic material is reinforced with a continuous fiber bundle.

Four.

 Profile composed of metal-plastic material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the

20 reinforcing fibers are chosen from glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers and synthetic fibers, especially aramid fibers. 5. Profile composed of metal-plastic material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that One or more of the hollow chambers of the plastic material profile are filled with foam. 25

6.

Profile composed of metal-plastic material according to claim 5, characterized in that the foam filling material contains reinforcement materials.

7.

 Profile composed of metal-plastic material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the

30 plastic material profile comprises as integral element a glass window spacer. 8. Construction of a framework for forging with transparent or non-transparent fillings, especially in the form of a facade element, an insulated glass window or an insulated glass door, manufactured with the Use of a profile composed of metal-plastic material with the characteristics according to one of claims 1 to 7. 9. Glass roof construction, manufactured using a profile composed of metal-plastic material with the characteristics according to one of claims 1 to 7. 40 7