ES2597427A1 - PIECE FOR SUBJECTING ARMORS TO ELEMENTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE - Google Patents

Abstract

Piece to hold reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements. The piece has at least one internal hole (1) and at least one opening (2) that allows the piece to fit into the reinforcements. The interior hollow (1) can have a shape selected from polygonal, curved or a combination of both to adapt to the angle of intersection of the reinforcements and adjust to the profile of the reinforcement. The shape of the part can be selected from wire, flat, curved or a combination of them. The piece can incorporate different elements that facilitate fitting the piece into the elements to be fastened.

Description

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PIECE FOR SUBJECTING ARMORS TO ELEMENTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

DESCRIPTION

Piece to hold reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a piece that can be used in the construction sector, to fasten reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements.

STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

As it is known, during the execution of construction elements of reinforced concrete it is necessary to maintain the correct position of the reinforcements used before and during concreting, in order to ensure a minimum coating and a correct position of the reinforcements that guarantee a good structural work during the useful life of the constructive element. For this purpose, for the fastening of reinforcements, bars or corrugated bars in construction elements of reinforced concrete, it is usually used either wire tying (manually or with machine) or welding, as collected in different articles of the Structural concrete instruction (EHE-08) (art. 33.2, 69.4 or 69.8) avoiding unwanted movements or displacement.

The first solution (wire-bound) is normally used in the fabrication of ferralla both in the ferralla workshop and on site, while the second (welding) is usually used in the work carried out in the workshop.

Manual wiring with wire has always been used in the reinforcements of all the construction elements of reinforced concrete in a work, and it means a longer execution time. Subsequently, the need for greater systematization beyond manual tying motivates the appearance of the tied with machine (gun) that is normally used for surface elements and with a large number of tying points (walls, slabs, plates, etc.) due to its speed of execution and its savings in labor.

Even so, and although the use of the gun for the tie of armors supposes an improvement with respect to the manual tie, both systems present certain disadvantages, namely:

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- Both require labor for installation.

o The need for many tie-down points to maintain the correct position of the reinforcements implies a large amount of labor.

- Both involve the use of additional auxiliary elements or systems.

o In both manual and machine tying, it is necessary to use auxiliary systems such as pliers, in the first case, or tying guns, in the second, during the tying process.

- In addition, wire roll guns commonly used present different specific problems:

o They are tools that often get stuck and need continuous maintenance.

o They have a considerable weight, which makes the operator's handling difficult.

o They carry a rechargeable battery, the connection to the electrical network being necessary for its continued use over time. In addition, the battery has a limited duration and must be changed after certain hours of use.

On the other hand, among the disadvantages arising from welding tying, the following should be noted:

o Welding is usually done in the ferralla workshop and not in the work itself. This is due to the fact that the machinery used is difficult to transport and its handling is necessary by a qualified operator.

o Once the reinforcements have been welded, the final position of the element is invariable, and no type of punctual modification or adjustment to the final work conditions can be made.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

In light of the above, the proposed invention is a good solution for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements since it solves the problems of the traditional wire-tying and welding systems described above. When we talk

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of reinforcements, we also understand that it can be applied interchangeably to reinforcements, bars or corrugated bars, referring to the same term.

Thus, a system designed to be used mostly in surface elements, with a large number of binding points (walls, slabs, plates, etc.), is proposed, which can be used both provisionally (temporary fastening of reinforcements) and definitely (final fastening of armor), presenting a much faster and simpler execution than existing systems, and an acceptable resistance to the conditions to which it will be exposed.

The invention relates to a piece to fit in reinforcements with a simple geometry and of low weight, of variable dimensions that fit the profile of the reinforcements to be tied, with at least one opening that facilitates fitting the piece in the reinforcements and at least an inner hole that allows the coupling of the piece in said reinforcements.

The advantages of this piece, compared to traditional systems are:

- Low cost of product acquisition. It is a small piece of simple geometry.

- Easy production. It is a small size piece that can be manufactured by companies from different sectors.

- Possibility of manufacturing with different dimensions and formats. The piece can be manufactured specifically for any diameter of reinforcements, perfectly adjusting to the dimensions of the reinforcements.

- Great versatility. It can be used in any type of work and for any surface construction element of reinforced concrete such as slabs, slabs, slabs, walls, etc.

- Easy transport from the manufacturing point. It is a piece of reduced weight and dimensions.

- Low labor cost during placement in the reinforcements. The size and weight of the piece are reduced, which allows the individual handling of a single operator.

- You do not need the use of additional auxiliary systems (pliers or tying gun). It presents greater simplicity with respect to existing systems and avoids its inconveniences.

- No interference in concreting. It is a piece of small dimensions that does not hinder the usual work of execution on site.

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- Speed and ease of implementation. Tied up execution time is reduced by securing reinforcements quickly and safely.

- Allows its use manually or mechanically with a gun.

- It can be used for a definitive or provisional / auxiliary support, obtaining a fixed part in the first case and recoverable in the second.

- Easy to use. With a simple click (pressing) the bars are easily attached.

The proposal consists of a piece to fit in reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements. As stated above, the piece has a simple geometry and low weight. It has a variable height, width and thickness, and can be manufactured with different dimensions and formats. The piece has at least one inner hole and has at least one opening that allows the piece to fit into said reinforcements.

In a particular embodiment, the piece is selected from wired, flat, curved or a combination between them.

In a particular embodiment, the gap has a shape selected from polygonal, curved or a combination of both to adapt to the angle of intersection of the reinforcements and fit the profile of the reinforcement.

In a particular embodiment, the opening has a beveled shape to facilitate fitting the piece into the element to be fastened.

In a particular embodiment, the piece is made of rigid plastic material.

In a particular embodiment, the piece is made of metallic material (perforated sheet or wire).

In a particular embodiment, the shape of the inner hole is perfectly adapted to the diameters of the most commonly used bars in the market (between 6 and 32 mm) to house the armor of smaller and larger diameter respectively.

In a particular embodiment, the part of the piece opposite the opening has at least one cover that can be in the form of a shoulder, flange or burr that facilitates the pressure to be exerted for placement.

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In a particular embodiment, the piece has section changes in the inner hollow (1) (for example, in the form of a bellows) by means of protuberances that improve the inertia of the piece while allowing some deformation or movement to facilitate its opening .

In a particular embodiment, the piece comprises deformable material (neoprene, soft plastic or carbon fiber), either in the part of the piece opposite the opening, allowing greater opening of the piece, and / or in its opening, facilitating fit the piece in the reinforcements.

In a particular embodiment, in the part of the piece opposite the opening, it has at least one articulation that allows the deformation or movement of the piece, facilitates its opening to fit the piece in the reinforcements and exerts a greater pressure on these to your hold

In a particular embodiment, the part of the piece opposite the opening has at least one closure system. This system includes eyelashes, tongue and groove, etc. that facilitate the closing of the piece by ensuring the support of the reinforcements once the piece has been fitted into the reinforcements.

In a particular embodiment, the inner perfometer of the piece (hollow and opening) has linear or punctual burrs of elastic material (for example neoprene) that allows a better fit of the reinforcements, by exerting some pressure added on the bar.

In a particular embodiment, the piece, in its opposite part to the opening, has at least one fixed or mobile flange (4) perpendicular to the plane of the piece) with at least one opening or hole that allows the piece to fit in other reinforcements or other auxiliary elements (5) through said opening for the use of the piece as a spacer or separator of reinforcements in different construction elements.

In a particular embodiment, the piece is not uniform in thickness, having different points with different thickness values that allow to improve the inertia and strength of the piece.

In a particular embodiment, the part can be used manually or mechanically with a gun.

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIGURE 1: Diagram of the piece to hold the reinforcements.

FIGURE 2: Diagram of the piece and the reinforcement showing the placement of the piece on the reinforcement.

FIGURE 3: Scheme of the piece and the reinforcements showing an embodiment of the piece that has a flange with an opening, to allow the introduction of auxiliary elements through said opening, thus operating the piece as a spacer or spacer of different reinforcements construction elements.

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF MODES OF EMBODIMENT

Figure 1 illustrates the part of the invention where it can be seen that the inner hollow (1) can have a curved shape. Figure 2 illustrates the placement of the piece in the reinforcements. In Figures 1 and 2 it can be seen that the opening (2) for entering the inner recess (1) is beveled.

To demonstrate that the piece to hold reinforcements meets the requirements of the work, a practical application test has been carried out for the support of reinforcements in a grid in an upright position (grid of reinforcements that intersect forming a vertical plane, similar to the required assembly in a reinforced concrete wall). The elements used in the aforementioned essay have been the following:

- Vertical reinforcements of 10 mm diameter, with a length of 300 cm and separated every 20 cm.

- Horizontal reinforcements of 10 mm diameter, with a length of 200 cm and separated every 20 cm.

- Piece to hold reinforcements formed by rectangular metal sheet of dimensions 30 x 40 x 0.5 mm (width x height x thickness), with two holes (1) inside with an elliptical shape of 11 mm high by 15 mm wide each of them, being open at one of its ends by means of an opening (2) 8 mm wide, beveled to facilitate fitting the piece into the element to be fastened.

The steps that have been followed for the test procedure for securing reinforcements in vertical position are the following:

1. First, and from the waits left in the foundation, the vertical reinforcements are placed, marking with chalk the separation of the reinforcement

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2. Next, the horizontal reinforcements are placed in their position and held by the proposed piece. For this, the reinforcement is placed in the horizontal position at the desired height, placing the proposed piece forming 45 ° with the reinforcements; pressing with the hand, the proposed piece fits, leaving both armors perfectly

10 set. It is convenient that the pieces to hold are placed alternating the angle they form with the horizontal between 45 ° and 135 ° in the different spatial directions, in order to ensure the stability of the reinforcements against horizontal movement.

It should be noted that it is not necessary to fasten all intersections of vertical and horizontal reinforcements with the proposed piece, since it is possible to establish an alternation 15 by holding one of every two or more intersections, it being convenient that the ties or fasteners are aligned in the two diagonals with respect to the grid that forms the armor of the wall.

Claims (20)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 1. Piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements characterized in that it comprises at least one inner hollow (1) and at least one opening (2) for entering the inner hollow (1) that allows the piece to fit into said reinforcements. 2. Piece to hold reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to claim 1, where the shape of the piece is selected from wire, flat, curved or a combination between them. 3. A piece for securing reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inner hollow (1) has a shape selected from polygonal, curved or combination of both to adapt to the angle of intersection of the reinforcements and fit the profile of the armed. 4. Piece for securing reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the opening (2) has a beveled shape to facilitate the fitting of the piece in the element to be fastened. 5. Part for securing reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the piece is made of rigid plastic material. 6. Piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the piece is made of metallic material. 7. Piece to hold reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to the claim 6, wherein the metallic material is perforated sheet or wire. 8. Part for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the shape of the inner hole (1) is adapted to reinforcements of diameters between 6 and 32 mm. 9. Piece for securing reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the part, in its part (3) opposite the opening (2), has at least a cover that facilitates the pressure to be exerted for placement . 10. Piece to hold reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to the claim 9, wherein the coverage is a shoulder, a flange or a burr. 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 11. Part for securing reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the part has section changes in the inner hollow (1) by means of protuberances. 12. Piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the piece comprises deformable material either in its part (3) opposite the opening (2) and / or in its opening (2). 13. A piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to claim 12, wherein the deformable material is neoprene, soft plastic or carbon fiber. 14. Piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the part, in its part (3) opposite the opening (2) has at least one articulation. 15. Part for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the part (3) opposite the opening (2) has at least one closure system that facilitates the closure of the piece ensuring the fastening of the armor once introduced. 16. A piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to claim 15, wherein the closure system comprises at least one flange, tongue and groove. 17. Piece for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inner perfometer of the piece comprising the hollow (1) and the opening (2), has at least one linear or punctual burr of elastic material . 18. Part for fastening reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the part, in its part (3) opposite the opening (2), has at least one fixed or mobile flange (4) with at least an opening or hole that allows the piece to fit into the reinforcements or other auxiliary elements (5) for the use of the piece as a spacer or reinforcement separator in different construction elements. 19. Piece for securing reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to claim 18, wherein the fixed or mobile flange is perpendicular to the plane of the piece. 20. Piece to hold reinforcements in reinforced concrete elements according to any 5 of the preceding claims, wherein the part is not uniform in terms of thickness having different points with different thickness values.