ES2588394A1 - Virtual acoustic dummy for biaural sound capture - Google Patents
Virtual acoustic dummy for biaural sound capture Download PDFInfo
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- ES2588394A1 ES2588394A1 ES201530592A ES201530592A ES2588394A1 ES 2588394 A1 ES2588394 A1 ES 2588394A1 ES 201530592 A ES201530592 A ES 201530592A ES 201530592 A ES201530592 A ES 201530592A ES 2588394 A1 ES2588394 A1 ES 2588394A1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000883 ear external Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/027—Spatial or constructional arrangements of microphones, e.g. in dummy heads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Stereophonic Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Maniquí acústico virtual para la toma de sonido biaural Virtual acoustic dummy for biaural sound capture
La presente invención se relaciona, en general, con el audio, con todos los derivados de aplicación de la grabación sonora y, más en concreto, con la captura de la espacialidad del campo sonoro y la reproducción biaural. Algunos ejemplos son: industria musical, The present invention relates, in general, to audio, with all derivatives of the application of sound recording and, more specifically, with the capture of the spatiality of the sound field and biaural reproduction. Some examples are: music industry,
10 postproducción, cine, videojuegos, multimedia, síntesis de espacios sonoros, mezcla con auriculares, etc. 10 postproduction, cinema, video games, multimedia, synthesis of sound spaces, mixing with headphones, etc.
15 El sonido que procesa el sistema perceptual humano llega a través de un sistema biaural modelado comúnmente mediante la función de transferencia de la cabeza (HRTF, Head-Related Transfer Function). La captura de sonido biaural con un sistema cabeza–torso (en inglés: dummy head) permite posteriormente conseguir la reproducción más o menos fiel del campo sonoro; la percepción del oyente con auriculares es “tal como si estuviera en el lugar 15 The sound processed by the human perceptual system comes through a biaural system commonly modeled by the head transfer function (HRTF). The biaural sound capture with a head-torso system (in English: dummy head) subsequently allows more or less faithful reproduction of the sound field; the perception of the listener with headphones is "just as if he were in place
20 y en el entorno” en el que se grabó́. Esto es así porque el simulador de cabeza–torso (maniquí acústico) modela las reflexiones, absorciones y difracciones del sonido en el receptor de la manera más fiel a las que experimenta una persona media. Sus propiedades físicas (dimensiones, materiales, peso, constitución, forma, detalles, etc.) son similares a las de una persona “media”. Esto, evidentemente supone una gran simplificación, ya que todos 20 and in the environment ”in which it was recorded. This is because the head-torso simulator (acoustic dummy) models the reflections, absorptions and diffractions of the sound in the receiver in the most faithful way to which an average person experiences. Its physical properties (dimensions, materials, weight, constitution, shape, details, etc.) are similar to those of a "average" person. This obviously is a great simplification, since all
25 estos atributos tienen valores diferentes para cada persona, pero genera unas cualidades perceptualmente aceptables. Los sistemas cabeza–torso son normalmente muy costosos, pesados y delicados para transportar puesto que depositan todas sus prestaciones en la materialidad de la estructura. 25 these attributes have different values for each person, but it generates perceptually acceptable qualities. The head-torso systems are normally very expensive, heavy and delicate to transport since they deposit all their benefits in the materiality of the structure.
30 Los maniquís acústicos, integran simuladores de oído (pabellón y canal interno auditivo) para medir o grabar la señal de audio equivalente a la percibida por el ser humano, ya sea procedente de un medio electrónico (audífono o auriculares) o recibida directamente del campo sonoro del entorno. Existen varios tipos: 30 Acoustic mannequins, integrate ear simulators (pavilion and internal auditory channel) to measure or record the audio signal equivalent to that perceived by the human being, either from an electronic medium (hearing aid or headphones) or received directly from the field environment sound. There is a lot of types:
35 Simuladores de cabeza y torso que incluyen el simulador de oído completo (pabellón y canal interno auditivo). Están pensados principalmente para medir la respuesta 35 Head and torso simulators that include the complete ear simulator (pavilion and internal auditory canal). They are primarily intended to measure the response
acústica de audífonos y auriculares. Entre estos se encuentran los modelos de Kemar (Knowles Electronics Inc.), Head Acoustics HMS II.4 y Cortex Instruments Binaural Recording Head (Mk1 y Mk2). headphones and headphones acoustics. Among these are the Kemar (Knowles Electronics Inc.), Head Acoustics HMS II.4 and Cortex Instruments Binaural Recording Head (Mk1 and Mk2) models.
Simuladores de cabeza y torso que incluyen el simulador de oído completo (pabellón Head and torso simulators that include the full ear simulator (pavilion
5 y canal interno auditivo) y además incorporan una boca artificial (voz artificial). Están destinados a realizar medidas de dispositivos de comunicación con auriculares y micrófono (telefonía y otros tipos de comunicación). Ejemplos de estos simuladores son los modelos de Brüel & Kjaer 4128C y de Head Acoustics HMS II.3. 5 and internal auditory canal) and also incorporate an artificial mouth (artificial voice). Is it so intended to perform measurements of communication devices with headphones and microphone (telephony and other types of communication). Examples of these simulators They are the models of Brüel & Kjaer 4128C and Head Acoustics HMS II.3.
Simuladores de cabeza y torso que incluyen el simulador de oído parcial (sólo Head and torso simulators that include the partial ear simulator (only
10 pabellón auditivo). El micrófono de medida bloquea el canal auditivo. Su uso está pensado para realizar grabaciones de sonido biaurales. El modelo de Brüel & Kjaer 4100 y el de Head Acoustics HMS III son un ejemplo de este tipo de medidas. 10 auditory pavilion). The measurement microphone blocks the ear canal. Its use is intended to make biaural sound recordings. The Brüel & Kjaer 4100 model and the Head Acoustics HMS III model are an example of this type of measurement.
Existen tres estándares que especifican las características físicas y acústicas que han de There are three standards that specify the physical and acoustic characteristics that must be
15 tener los simuladores de torso y cabeza. Estos son: ANSI S3.36 (Manikin for simulated insitu airborne acoustic measurements), IEC TR 60959 (Provisional head and torso simulator for acoustic measurements on air conduction hearing aids) e ITU-T P.58 (Head and torso simulator for telephonometry). 15 have the torso and head simulators. These are: ANSI S3.36 (Manikin for simulated insitu airborne acoustic measurements), IEC TR 60959 (Provisional head and torso simulator for acoustic measurements on air conduction hearing aids) and ITU-T P.58 (Head and torso simulator for telephonometry) .
20 El estándar ANSI S3.36 especifica unas dimensiones físicas que se corresponden con el maniquí acústico Kemar. Además incluye el estándar ANSI S3.25 (American National Standard for an occluded ear simulator) que fija las características del simulador de oído (pabellón y canal auditivo). 20 The ANSI S3.36 standard specifies physical dimensions that correspond to the Kemar acoustic dummy. It also includes the ANSI S3.25 standard (American National Standard for an occluded ear simulator) that sets the characteristics of the ear simulator (pavilion and ear canal).
25 El estándar IEC TR 60959 establece unas dimensiones idénticas al estándar anterior ANSI S3.36 pero el simulador de oído (pabellón auditivo sin canal) sigue las especificaciones del estándar IEC 60711 (Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by ear inserts). 25 The IEC TR 60959 standard establishes dimensions identical to the previous ANSI S3.36 standard but the ear simulator (auditory pavilion without channel) follows the specifications of the IEC 60711 standard (Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by ear inserts).
30 Las dimensiones reflejadas en el estándar ITU-T P.58 son algo diferentes de los otros dos estándares. Coinciden con las de los simuladores de torso y cabeza comerciales de Brüel & Kjaer 4128C y Head Acoustics HMS II.3. El oído artificial del ITU-T P.58 sigue el estándar ITU-T P.57. Establece varios modelos: el tipo 2 (pabellón sin canal auditivo –occluded ear– que coincide con el estándar IEC 60711) y los tipos 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 y 3.4 (pabellones auditivos 30 The dimensions reflected in the ITU-T P.58 standard are somewhat different from the other two standards. They match those of the commercial head and torso simulators of Brüel & Kjaer 4128C and Head Acoustics HMS II.3. The artificial ear of ITU-T P.58 follows the ITU-T P.57 standard. It establishes several models: type 2 (pavilion without ear canal –occluded ear– that matches the IEC 60711 standard) and types 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 (ear pavilions
35 de dimensiones diferentes –con canal interno–, de acuerdo al tipo de medida requerida). 35 of different dimensions - with internal channel -, according to the type of measure required).
Los tres estándares (ANSI S3.36, IEC TR 60959 e ITU-T P.58) definen también la función de transferencia acústica de la cabeza (HRTF –Head Related Transfer Function–). En los estándares ANSI S3.36 e IEC TR 60959 la HRTF puede considerarse idéntica y se refiere al nivel de presión sonora (SPL –Sound Pressure Level–) existente en el tímpano con respecto al SPL en campo libre (sin maniquí acústico) en el punto central interno de la cabeza. En el estándar ITU-T P.58 la HRTF se refiere al SPL en el tímpano respecto al SPL en campo libre (sin cabeza) pero sólo en la posición 0º de azimut; en cambio, si se gira el maniquí acústico (90º, 180º y 270º) la HRTF se refiere al SPL en el tímpano respecto al SPL a 0º de azimut (sin girar). The three standards (ANSI S3.36, IEC TR 60959 and ITU-T P.58) also define the head acoustic transfer function (HRTF –Head Related Transfer Function–). In the ANSI S3.36 and IEC TR 60959 standards the HRTF can be considered identical and refers to the sound pressure level (SPL) existing in the eardrum with respect to the SPL in free field (without acoustic dummy) in the internal center point of the head. In the ITU-T P.58 standard the HRTF refers to the SPL in the eardrum with respect to the SPL in free field (without head) but only in the 0º position of azimuth; on the other hand, if the acoustic dummy (90º, 180º and 270º) is turned, the HRTF refers to the SPL in the eardrum with respect to the SPL at 0º of azimuth (without turning).
Más del 95% de la información direccional que el cerebro necesita depende del diseño del pabellón auricular y de la distancia inter-aural. Sin embargo, no existen en la actualidad dispositivos que permitan la adaptación de estos dos parámetros para mejorar las medidas en casos en los que por ejemplo, los atributos de la persona disten de la persona media. More than 95% of the directional information that the brain needs depends on the design of the auricular pavilion and the inter-aural distance. However, there are currently no devices that allow the adaptation of these two parameters to improve measures in cases in which, for example, the attributes of the person differ from the average person.
La presente invención permite capturar el campo sonoro biaural para una multitud de configuraciones gracias a que permite regular la distancia entre los pabellones auricular y la sustitución de los mismos. Con este fin, el sistema cabeza–torso material, real, es sustituido por un sistema de procesamiento digital de señal inmaterial, virtual. Para simplificar la jerga utilizada en el texto usaremos el término dummy head para referirnos al sistema cabeza– torso material (antecedente de la invención) y el término dummy ears para referirnos al sistema cabeza–torso inmaterial (presente invención). The present invention makes it possible to capture the biaural sound field for a multitude of configurations by allowing it to regulate the distance between the auricular pavilions and their replacement. To this end, the material, real head-torso system is replaced by a virtual, immaterial, digital signal processing system. To simplify the jargon used in the text we will use the term dummy head to refer to the head-material torso system (antecedent of the invention) and the term dummy ears to refer to the immaterial head-torso system (present invention).
Los pabellones auriculares son moldeados con una impresora 3D para que reproduzcan la complejidad morfológica del oído externo y constituyan, conjuntamente con el sistema mecánico de acoplamiento, el único elemento material que interviene directamente en la captura del campo sonoro. En cada pabellón auricular se inserta un micrófono omnidireccional. Cada micrófono omnidireccional a su vez está acoplado a un sistema de procesamiento digital de señal encargado de simular las funciones de transferencia, HRTFs. The ear pavilions are molded with a 3D printer to reproduce the morphological complexity of the outer ear and constitute, together with the mechanical coupling system, the only material element that directly intervenes in the capture of the sound field. An omnidirectional microphone is inserted into each ear pin. Each omnidirectional microphone in turn is coupled to a digital signal processing system responsible for simulating the transfer functions, HRTFs.
La presente invención tiene las siguientes ventajas sobre el arte previo: #18; El sistema de acoplamiento mecánico de los pabellones auriculares es muy simple y permite regular la distancia biaural. The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: # 18; The mechanical coupling system of the ear pavilions is very simple and allows to regulate the biaural distance.
#18; El sistema dummy ears puede modelar el sistema cabeza–torso real de cualquier individuo; a diferencia del sistema dummy head que sólo admite una configuración fija de todos sus atributos. # 18; The dummy ears system can model the real head – torso system of any individual; unlike the dummy head system that only supports a fixed configuration of all its attributes.
#18; Admite cualquier tipo de pabellón auricular. 5 #18; Es de bajo coste (de orden 100 veces inferior). # 18; Supports any type of headset. 5 # 18; It is low cost (100 times lower order).
A continuación se pasa a describir, de manera muy breve, una figura que ayudan a Next, we will describe, in a very brief way, a figure that helps
10 comprender mejor la invención y que se relaciona expresamente con una realización de dicha invención que se presenta como un ejemplo no limitativo de ésta. 10 to better understand the invention and which is expressly related to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example thereof.
La Figura 1 es un diagrama que muestra las partes fundamentales del sistema biaural artificial de la invención (dummy ears) y donde la cabeza y el torso del arte previo aparecen Figure 1 is a diagram showing the fundamental parts of the artificial biaural system of the invention (dummy ears) and where the head and torso of the prior art appear
15 superpuestos. 15 overlays.
Según se ilustra en la Figura 1, se puede apreciar el sistema de acuerdo a la presente As illustrated in Figure 1, the system according to this can be seen
20 invención con dos pabellones auriculares (1), un micrófono insertado en el pabellón auditivo de cada pabellón auricular (2), un sistema regulación de distancia biaural (3) y un sistema de procesado digital de señal (4) que provee una salida de sonido para auriculares. La invención puede estar dotada además de un sistema de regulación de rotación y de altura. 20 invention with two ear pavilions (1), a microphone inserted in the ear pavilion of each ear pavilion (2), a biaural distance regulation system (3) and a digital signal processing system (4) that provides an output of sound for headphones. The invention can also be provided with a rotation and height adjustment system.
25 La presente invención consiste en un sistema cabeza–torso virtual, dummy ears, configurable que simula un sistema cabeza–torso real, dummy head, que comprende: #18; dos pabellones auriculares impresos 3D (1) que admite diversos materiales (duros y blandos) y que simula la morfología de un oído externo “convencional”. The present invention consists of a virtual head-torso, dummy ears, configurable system that simulates a real head-torso, dummy head system, comprising: # 18; two 3D printed earbuds (1) that supports various materials (hard and soft) and simulates the morphology of a "conventional" outer ear.
30 #18; dos micrófonos omnidireccionales. #18; sistema de procesamiento digital que trata la señal capturada mediante las funciones de transferencia acústica (HRTF). 30 # 18; two omnidirectional microphones. # 18; digital processing system that treats the signal captured by the acoustic transfer functions (HRTF).
Modos de operación Modes of operation
La configuración del dispositivo previa a la operación con la señal capturada se puede realizar de diversas maneras: The configuration of the device prior to the operation with the captured signal can be done in several ways:
5 -mediante el modelado físico del sistema cabeza–torso, del que resulta un par de funciones de de transferencia acústicas (HRTFs). Se podría decir que, independientemente de la técnica de modelado, se trata de una estimación teórica de las HRTFs (conocido en el estado de la técnica como modo paramétrico). 5 -by physical modeling of the head-torso system, which results in a couple of acoustic transfer functions (HRTFs). It could be said that, regardless of the modeling technique, it is a theoretical estimate of HRTFs (known in the state of the art as a parametric mode).
10 -mediante la medida de las HRTFs de un sistema cabeza–torso cualquiera (mediante un método de identificación de sistemas adaptativo); es decir, la medida de un sistema del cual se desconoce su modelo teórico pero se dispone de su implementación práctica. Se podría decir que, independientemente de la técnica de medida, se trata de una estimación práctica de las HRTFs (método conocido en el estado de la técnica como modo no paramétrico). 10 -through the measurement of the HRTFs of any head-torso system (by means of an adaptive systems identification method); that is, the measure of a system whose theoretical model is unknown but its practical implementation is available. It could be said that, regardless of the measurement technique, it is a practical estimate of the HRTFs (method known in the state of the art as a non-parametric mode).
15 Una vez definidas en el modo anterior las HRTFS (una por cada pabellón auricular), el sistema de procesamiento digital simula las HRTFs del maniquí acústico mediante procesos convolutivos. Este procesamiento de la señal capturada corresponde con la medida acústica en una sala determinada. 15 Once the HRTFS has been defined in the previous mode (one for each pavilion), the digital processing system simulates the HRTFs of the acoustic dummy by convolutive processes. This processing of the captured signal corresponds to the acoustic measurement in a given room.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| ES201530592A ES2588394B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | Virtual acoustic dummy for biaural sound capture |
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| ES201530592A ES2588394B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | Virtual acoustic dummy for biaural sound capture |
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| ES2588394A1 true ES2588394A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
| ES2588394B2 ES2588394B2 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017191616A1 (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2017-11-09 | Universidad De Medellin | Device for binaural capture of sound |
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| WO1995017799A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Central Research Laboratories Limited | Apparatus for audio signal stereophonic adjustment |
| US6223090B1 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2001-04-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Manikin positioning for acoustic measuring |
| US20040101815A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-05-27 | Jay Mark A. | Biofidelic seating apparatus with binaural acoustical sensing |
| DE102006018490A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-25 | Ahnert, Wolfgang, Prof. Dr.-Ing.habil. | Acoustical signals binaural reproduction method for e.g. headphone, involves determining momentary rotational position of binaural reproduction system by rotational measuring device and outputting acoustical signals over reproduction system |
| JP2009260574A (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2009-11-05 | Sony Ericsson Mobilecommunications Japan Inc | Sound signal processing device, sound signal processing method and mobile terminal equipped with the sound signal processing device |
-
2015
- 2015-04-30 ES ES201530592A patent/ES2588394B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995017799A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Central Research Laboratories Limited | Apparatus for audio signal stereophonic adjustment |
| US6223090B1 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2001-04-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Manikin positioning for acoustic measuring |
| US20040101815A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-05-27 | Jay Mark A. | Biofidelic seating apparatus with binaural acoustical sensing |
| DE102006018490A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-25 | Ahnert, Wolfgang, Prof. Dr.-Ing.habil. | Acoustical signals binaural reproduction method for e.g. headphone, involves determining momentary rotational position of binaural reproduction system by rotational measuring device and outputting acoustical signals over reproduction system |
| JP2009260574A (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2009-11-05 | Sony Ericsson Mobilecommunications Japan Inc | Sound signal processing device, sound signal processing method and mobile terminal equipped with the sound signal processing device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017191616A1 (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2017-11-09 | Universidad De Medellin | Device for binaural capture of sound |
| US11445298B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2022-09-13 | Universidad San Buenaventura Medellin Universidad De Medellín | Device for binaural capture of sound |
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| ES2588394B2 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
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