ES2575136T3 - Square of a piece to fix a first construction element to a second construction element - Google Patents

Abstract

A one-piece bracket (1) for fixing a first construction element (14) to a second construction element (15), said bracket (1) including: - a first section (2) having a first free end (6 ), a first free side (18) and a second free side (19) and being arranged in a first plane, said first section (2) having a first central axis (7) perpendicular to the first free end (6), - a second section (3) having a second free end (8), a first free side (20) and a second free side (21) and being arranged in a second plane, said second section (3) having a second central axis ( 9) perpendicular to the second free end (8) of the second section (3), - several holes (10, 11, 12) to receive means (17) to fix the first section (2) of the angled fastener (1) to a first building element (14) and the second section (3) of the angled fastener (1) to a second building element (15), - a relief (5) extending along the central axis (7) of the first section (2) and along the central axis (9) of the second section (3) by means of a raised section of a common curved section (4), - at least one of the holes (11, 12) being positioned ) with its center substantially on the central axis of the first (2) or second section (3), - the relief (5) extending to the area of said at least one of the holes (11, 12) with its center substantially in the central axis (7, 9) of the first (2) or the second section (3), and both the first section (2) and the second section (3) are provided with a hole (11, 12) in the relief (5) extending along the central axis (7) of the first section (2) and along the central axis (9) of the second section (3), - said first section (2) and said second section (3) are arranged essentially perpendicular to each other by the common curved section (4), and - the relief (5) extending substantially the entire length of the sections.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Square of a piece to fix a first construction element to a second construction element

The present invention relates to a square of a piece for fixing a first construction element to a second construction element, including said square:

- a first section having a first free end, a first free side and a second free side and being arranged in a first plane, said first section having a first central axis perpendicular to the first free end,

- a second section having a second free end, a first free side and a second free side and being arranged in a second plane, said second section having a second central axis perpendicular to the first free end of the second section,

- several holes for receiving means for fixing the first section of the angle bracket to a first construction element and the second section of the angle bracket to a second construction element

- a relief that extends along the central axis of the first section and along the central axis of the second section by means of a relief section of a common curved section,

- at least one of the holes being placed with its center substantially on the central axis of the first or second section,

- the relief (5) extending to the area of said at least one of the holes (11, 12) with its center substantially in the central axis (7, 9) of the first (2) or the second section (3), and both the first section (2) and the second section (3) are provided with a hole (11, 12) in the relief (5) that extends along the central axis (7) of the first section (2) and along the central axis (9) of the second section (3),

characterized because

- said first section (2) and said second section (3) are arranged essentially perpendicular to each other by the common curved section (4), and

- the relief (5) extends substantially the entire length of the sections.

Squares are used in several places, for example, when building a house. The squares are used to join two construction elements with one another such as a roof beam and a wall plate, a master beam and a truss or an asparagus and a threshold. Great effort is made in order to ensure that operators, for example, carpenters, place and assemble the brackets in the correct way. Unfortunately, the proof of the quality of this work is often a storm or a similar effort during which the building should provide shelter rather than likely to collapse.

If an area along the central axis of the first or second section is left without relief, this area will have a lower moment of inertia and therefore will be an area where the square will deform during the effort.

In general, it is preferred that at least one of the holes is placed essentially along the central axis of the square sections. This is due to the fact that, for example, wood is less likely to split when the fixing means is placed near the center of the wooden element.

The fixing means, such as a connecting screw or threaded rods with a nut, need a certain flat space around the holes in order to achieve proper contact between the square and the head of the connecting screw or the nut. Therefore, the square is left without a relief around such holes and especially around the central holes, in order to achieve said flat space for the fixing means.

The German Utility Model DE 202004006321 U1 describes a square. This square is formed with a number of smaller reliefs in the form of "Y" and "V". However, there is a risk that the square will be deformed when it is subjected to a load that pushes the angle of 90 ° to an acute or obtuse angle. This is because the reliefs are not in a straight line of the region curved towards the free ends, but in the form of "V" or "Y" and as such adapted to resist loads perpendicular to the axis from the region curved towards the ends free, that is, loads parallel to the axis of curvature of the square.

DE 297 07 800 describes a square that has lateral support ribs. In addition, the square includes a support nerve placed in the center. The support nerve placed in the center does not show that holes can be placed in or near the nerve. The lateral nerves are introduced in order to achieve more resistance.

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US 2,264,290 describes a greenhouse of a light and portable type. The greenhouse includes metal brackets and wooden braces. In combination, wooden braces and metal brackets join the side panels and the roof panel. Metal brackets include metal sheet strips with central ridges or raised portions. The central edge or relief does not extend to the end portion of the metal support. In addition, the metal support does not have the edge or relief surrounding the holes or near the ends of the support.

CH84404 describes a support made of angled pieces of sheet metal and formed with a cross-section in the form of a channel.

Description of the invention

The present invention provides a new square that eliminates the disadvantages of the aforementioned square, and provides an improved square that minimizes the risk of improper assembly and is safer for the operator to use.

The present invention provides, in a first aspect, a square where the relief extends to the area of said at least one of the holes with its center substantially in the central axis of the first or second section.

The relief of the square contributes to raising the moment of inertia of the square, and the preferred central placement of the holes along the central axis gives rise to the preferred situation of having embossed material around the holes. In this way, the square achieves the desired relief properties and the benefit of having the holes placed in a preferred position. In addition, it is ensured that the operator who assembles the square has the best possibilities of mounting the square.

According to the invention, both the first section and the second section are provided with a hole in the relief that extends along the central axis of the first section and along the central axis of the second section.

Having a hole in the relief of both the first and the second section together with other smaller holes gives the operator the opportunity to choose freely from among the most different fixing means.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the relief hole diameter of the first section may differ from the relief hole diameter of the second section.

When the diameter of the holes differs from one another and only one of the central holes is to be used, the operator has the freedom to orient the square according to the available fixing means.

This avoids that the operators try to adjust a hole of a square using instantaneous instantaneous assemblies, for example, holding the plate with their hands or putting themselves on top with a high risk that the square begins to rotate together with the drill of the drill .

In addition, it is achieved that the fixing means and the holes of the square can have a tight fit and therefore cannot be moved in relation to another.

Preferably, according to an embodiment of the invention, the relief may be provided with an upper plane in the area around at least one hole.

In order to achieve a tight connection between the fixing means and the square it is important to ensure that the surface surrounding the hole and the fixing means are aligned correctly. The head of the fixing means and the surface surrounding the hole should be parallel. When the head of the fixing means is considered perpendicular to the main body of the fixing means, the alignment of the fixing means is simply a matter of aligning the main body of the fixing means perpendicular to the structure itself.

Thus, the easiest determinable angle is one of 90 ° between the fixing means and the square, because the body of the fixing means could be maintained in relation to the entire construction element instead of only a small surface in the square .

In another embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the relief hole of the first section could be 11 mm and the diameter of the relief hole of the second section could be 13 mm.

Ordinarily, 11 mm and 13 mm diameters are used respectively in the construction industry and therefore are the most likely to meet the needs. Thus, in order to avoid both operator injuries and poor structure quality, said 2 mm difference between the holes is preferred. In order to emphasize the difference in size, the holes are marked with their dimensions.

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In a preferred embodiment, the square can be made, according to the invention, from a single piece of metal sheet.

Making the squares of a single piece of sheet metal is beneficial due to the fact that the metal can be distributed, for example, in coils. Therefore, it is possible to determine a certain width of the coil that is needed to form the square, thus reducing the amount of residual material.

In another embodiment, the metal sheet can be made of galvanized steel.

In order to obtain the best properties of the square, the material could be steel, for example, S250 GD and Z275 according to EN10328. It is achieved that the relationship between the thickness and therefore the weight is optimized. By lifting large buildings, the weight of the various materials to be transported to the site is reduced.

In another embodiment of the invention, the metal sheet may have a thickness of 0.5-4.5 mm, preferably 1-3.5 mm, most preferably 1.5-2.5 mm.

The moment of inertia of the square depends partially on the thickness of the material. Thus, in order to achieve a high moment of inertia, the thickness of the material can be increased. The consideration of the height of the relief combined with the thickness of the material is a matter of achieving the necessary moment of inertia that meets the standards and needs of the client. A thickness of material of, for example, 2 mm having a relief of at least 15 mm at the highest point of the relief from a section represents a sufficient moment of inertia.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the relief, when viewed in cross-section, can be embossed at least 15 mm from the section. The moment of inertia depends on the height of the relief, and therefore it is preferred to have a relief of at least 15 mm. The relief extends along the central axis of the sections essentially from the free end of the first section by the curved section common to the free end of the second section. Extending the relief the entire length along the central axis of the sections, a high moment of inertia is achieved.

Brief description of the drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a square according to the invention.

Figure 2 represents a perspective view of the square of the present invention in its installed position joining two construction elements.

Figure 3 represents a side view of the square of Figure 1.

And Figure 4 represents a front view of the square of Figure 1.

The invention is described below by way of example assuming that the square of a piece is used to join two construction elements. However, within the scope of the invention, the square of a piece can also be used in other applications.

In Figure 1, a square of a piece 1 has a first section 2 and a second section 3 connected by a common curved section 4. A relief 5 extends from the first free end 6 of the first section 2 along the axis center 7 of the first section 2 to the second free end 8 of the second section 3 along the central axis 9 of the second section 3.

The square 1 has several holes 10 (only two holes 10 have been marked with a preference number) to receive fixing means such as screws or nails. In addition, a first larger hole 11 is arranged in the relief 5 near the first free end 6 and a second larger hole 12 is arranged near the second free end 8. These larger holes 11, 12 are adapted to receive, for example , connection screws or a threaded rod with a nut. The first large hole 11 and the second large hole 12 are essentially arranged in the central axis 7, 9 of their respective sections 2, 3. In this way, the holes 12, 13 are placed in the best position for the operator to place the square 1 correctly in the elements to join. In addition, it is achieved that the operator has the best possible working conditions when tightening the fixing means because the key or similar tool increases the height of the relief in relation to the other fixing means in said section. Figure 1 shows that one of the holes 12, 13 has a larger diameter than the other.

Figure 2 represents the square 1 in an installed situation joining a first construction element 14 to a second construction element 15. As shown, a larger fixing means 16, a connecting screw, is arranged in one of the holes larger to connect the first section 2 to the first construction element 14. In addition, a number of smaller fixing means 17 are arranged for the most part

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of the small holes 10. The diameter of the small holes 10 is, for example, 5 mm. The distance from the free sides 18, 19, 20, 21 to the small holes could be 8-15 mm. The small holes 10 are arranged so that the distances from the adjacent side are different. In this way, the risk of splitting, for example, a wooden building element is minimized. The square 1 could join construction elements of various types such as wood, wood fiber composites, concrete, etc.

It is important to note that the square 1 not only holds the construction elements 14, 15 one in relation to another, but also serves to join the construction elements 14, 15. If, in fact, the element is only held in a certain position in a static situation, the shape of the square will be much simpler. However, in the case of a building subjected to external forces such as wind or snow, the loads in the square will change dramatically and therefore, for example, the moment of maximum curvature, which the square is able to resist, is crucial for the quality of the structure. Therefore, the relief 5 extends the entire length of sections 2, 3.

In figure 3, the square 1 is seen from the side. It is seen that the relief 5 is higher from the sections 2, 3 in the bisector b between the sections 2, 3. The height of the relief 5 gradually decreases towards the free ends 8, 8. Within the last part of the relief 5, near the free ends 6, 8, the upper surface 30 is parallel to section 2, 3 from which it is in relief. Thus, the relief surface 31 around the holes 11, 12 is parallel to the section from which it is in relief. Therefore, the fixing means, for example, a connecting screw or a nut, has a firm surface to rest on. The firm surface is important in order to ensure the quality of the joint, especially when dynamic loads are imposed on the joint. When the relief surface 31 around the holes is parallel to sections 2, 3, it is easier for the operator to properly align the fixing means because the operator will have the complete structure from which to measure and not just a small surface in the squad. Aligning the fixing means correctly with the square is of paramount importance in ensuring a good quality of the union.

Figure 4 represents a front view of the square 1 showing that the holes 10 are placed at different distances from the central axis of the section. The distance from the free sides 18, 99, 20, 21 to the small holes could be 8-15 mm. As the lines of auxiliary points 32 indicate, the small holes 10 are arranged so that they do not have their centers in a straight line. In this way, the risk of cracking is minimized, for example, a wooden building element. The square 1 could join construction elements of various types such as wood, wood fiber composites, concrete, etc.

Claims (8)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 1. A square of a piece (1) to fix a first construction element (14) to a second construction element (15), including said square (1): - a first section (2) having a first free end (6), a first free side (18) and a second free side (19) and being arranged in a first plane, said first section (2) having a first axis central (7) perpendicular to the first free end (6), - a second section (3) having a second free end (8), a first free side (20) and a second free side (21) and being arranged in a second plane, said second section (3) having a second axis center (9) perpendicular to the second free end (8) of the second section (3), - several holes (10, 11, 12) for receiving means (17) for fixing the first section (2) of the angle bracket (1) to a first construction element (14) and the second section (3) of the fastener in angle (1) to a second construction element (15), - a relief (5) extending along the central axis (7) of the first section (2) and along the central axis (9) of the second section (3) by means of a relief section of a curved section common (4), - at least one of the holes (11, 12) being placed with its center substantially on the central axis of the first (2) or the second section (3), - the relief (5) extending to the area of said at least one of the holes (11, 12) with its center substantially in the central axis (7, 9) of the first (2) or the second section (3), and both the first section (2) and the second section (3) are provided with a hole (11, 12) in the relief (5) that extends along the central axis (7) of the first section (2) and along the central axis (9) of the second section (3), - said first section (2) and said second section (3) are arranged essentially perpendicular to each other by the common curved section (4), and - extending the relief (5) substantially the entire length of the sections. 2. A square of a piece (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the hole (11) of the relief (5) of the first section (2) and the diameter of the hole of the relief (5) of the second section (3) differ from each other. A square of a piece (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the relief (5) is provided with a flat upper part (30) in the area (31) surrounding at least one hole. 4. A square piece (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diameter of the relief hole (5) of the first section (2) is 11 mm and the diameter of the relief hole (5 ) of the second section (3) is 13 mm. 5. A square piece (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the square (1) is made of a single piece of metal sheet. 6. A square piece (1) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metal sheet is galvanized steel. 7. A square piece (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the metal sheet has a thickness of 0.5-4.5 mm, preferably 1-3.5 mm, most preferably 1.5 -2.5 mm 8. A square piece (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the relief (5) is embossed at least 15 mm from the common curved section (4) measured along the bisector line ( b).