ES2559477T3 - Heating fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

Heating fabric with wires extending in the warp direction and in the weft direction, in which at least a part of the wires are made as electroconductive wires (62, 64), and along a heating zone ( 60) of the heating fabric (10), at least two connection cords (32, 52) extend for the electrical connection of the electroconductive wires (62, 64), characterized in that - two connection cords (32, 52) of different Polarity extends, in parallel and with a small distance between them, on the same side of the heating zone (60) to be heated, - a first connection cord (32) is connected with a plurality of first electroconductive wires ( 62) and a second connection cord (52) is connected to a plurality of second electroconductive wires (64) that extend into the heating zone (60) of the heating fabric (10) to be heated, - the first threads electroconductive (62) and the second electroconductive wires (64) are connected to each other along the heating zone (60) of the heating fabric (10) to be heated, by means of a high ohmic resistance which is made for the generation of heat, and - the first and second electroconductive wires (62, 64) have a high conductivity and form feeding wires towards the medium of high ohmic resistance.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Heating fabric

The invention relates to a heating fabric according to the preamble of claim 1. A heating fabric of this type comprises threads extending in the warp direction and in the weft direction, at least a part of the threads being made. as electroconductive wires.

Electroconductive wires of this type are used, for example, for car seat heaters. For the generation of heat, a tension is applied to the electroconductive wires. The electrical resistance of the wires generates heat that is used to heat the seat.

A generic heating fabric with interwoven electroconductive wires is described in US2011 / 278282A1. In the rectangular heating fabric, the conductive wires as heating conductors for the generation of heat extend in a parallel direction in a width direction between two connecting cords of different polarity that extend in the longitudinal direction. The connection cords are arranged on opposite sides of the heating zone crossed by the heating conductors.

To generate a flat heating of the heating fabric, the electroconductive wires can be arranged in different ways. For example, it is known how to pass at least one electroconductive wire as a heating wire in the form of a meander along the heating fabric. However, in this case there is a problem that in case of a sectioning of the heating wire the heating effect on a large surface fails. A heating element with a heating wire arrangement in the form of a meander was disclosed by WO2006 / 054853A1.

A surface heating element with several heating tapes composed respectively of a group of electroconductive wires, which are interconnected through connection devices in the form of plates, is described in EP1835786A1. Due to the interconnection of the different heating tapes, an extension in the form of a meander is also possible, being able to selectively create zones with calonic power and without calonific power.

In EP1544869A1 and US2009 / 0223946A1, stratified calonic elements are described in which connection cords with feeding lines in the form of a comb of a resistance ink are applied on a flexible substrate.

Document DE4233118A1 describes a heating mat with a fabric formed of carbon fibers that forms a flexible resistance material and in which flexible contact wires constituting the electrodes are incorporated. By applying a tension, a heating effect is generated between the contact wires along the resistance material.

The invention has the objective of providing a heating fabric that provides a reliable heating effect and that can be sized flexibly.

According to the invention, the objective is achieved by means of a heating fabric with the features of claim 1. Preferable embodiments of the heating fabric are indicated in the dependent claims.

A first basic idea of the invention consists in incorporating in the heating fabric a connection cord that is used for the connection of the electroconductive wires with a voltage source. According to the invention, the connection cord extends along a surface formed by the heating fabric, that is to say in the plane formed by the heating fabric. For example, the connection cord may be incorporated into the fabric or applied on a tissue surface.

The supply wire is conductively connected with at least a part of the electroconductive wires to connect the electroconductive wires to the voltage source. The supply wires that can also be called connection electrodes serve for the common connection of the electroconductive wires to the voltage source.

A preferred variant of the invention consists in making the heating fabric in the area of the connection cord as a hollow fabric. The hollow tissue section comprises at least two separate tissue layers and a hollow channel-shaped space that extends between the tissue layers in a longitudinal direction along the tissue. The connection cord extends along the longitudinal direction of the hollow tissue section.

By means of the hollow tissue section, two isolated or insulated areas of tissue are provided relative to each other. In this way, electroconductive wires can cross the contact cords without contact, so that the connection cord is arranged in one of the layers of fabric and the electroconductive wires extend respectively in the other layer of tissue. For example, a part of the electroconductive wires or one end of an electroconductive wire, opposite the connection cord, may be arranged such that it passes in front of the

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connection cord to a opposite polarity voltage connection.

In a heating section of the heating fabric, located next to the hollow fabric section, the fabric is preferably made with a single layer. Preferably, the heating fabric is made with a single layer on both sides of the longitudinally extending hollow fabric section.

In the present case, threads means any linear textile formation that can be transformed into fabrics, especially yarns, monofilament and multifilament wires.

A preferable embodiment of the invention consists in that at least a first connection cord and at least a second connection cord are provided and in which a first section of hollow fabric is made in the area of the first connection cord and in the zone of the second connection cord is made a second section of hollow fabric. Preferably, one of the connection cords forms a positive pole and the other connection cords form a negative pole. In this way, it is possible to pass electroconductive wires in front of the two connection cords, without contact or at least with a reduced contact. In addition, in this way it is possible to make electrical connections on one side near each other.

The connection cords may also be provided in a section of common hollow fabric. Through the hollow space between the layers of fabric, the connection cords can be separated from each other in the space and therefore isolated from each other.

Through the at least one section of hollow tissue according to the invention, two connecting cords of opposite poles can be arranged in the same marginal area of the area of the tissue to be heated. So, therefore, heat is not generated between the two connection cords, but outside the two connection cords. The electrical connection is made only from one side of the heating zone. In this way, it is guaranteed that the area of the heating fabric to be heated can be trimmed substantially free. Therefore, the heating fabric can be sized especially flexibly.

The connection cords can basically be arranged anywhere in the fabric. Preferably, however, the connection cords extend along a marginal area of the tissue, especially at a small distance from a lateral edge of the tissue. Preferably, they extend along a edge of the heating fabric, at the edge of an area to be heated. Preferably, the at least two connection cords of different polarity are arranged in parallel and / or at a small distance from each other, preferably the area between the connection cords being unheated.

An improved conductivity along the connection cords can be generated if at least one branch of connection cords comprising a plurality of connection cords is provided. Therefore, several connection cords are assembled forming a branch of connection cords that serves as an electrode for the electroconductive wires. Due to the increased total cross-section of the connection cord device formed in this way, a more homogeneous caloric power can be guaranteed along the length of the heating fabric, that is, along the connection cords. An improved conductivity can also be achieved if additionally or instead of wires or wires, one or more sheets are used as connection cords. The sheet can especially be inserted in the hollow fabric.

As electroconductive material for the at least one connection cord, for example, copper or silver are considered. For example, a pure copper or silver cord may be provided. A wire with a conductive coating can also be used, for example, a silver, tinned or nickel-plated copper cord.

For better electrical separation of the two layers of the hollow tissue section, an insulating separation layer may be incorporated in the hollow space. The insulating separation layer, for example an insulating sheet, ensures that even in the case of a spatial approximation of the two layers of the hollow tissue section, for example by a request for tissue traction, reliable insulation is maintained.

Another preferable embodiment of the invention is that the insulating separation layer is provided with a conductive coating on at least one side. Preferably, the separation layer is provided with the conductive coating on one side facing the connection cords. In this way, the conductivity of the feed is continued to increase, that is to say of the electrode, and it is possible to reduce feed losses. The conductive coating may be formed, for example, by a flexible printed circuit board. If the two connection cords (positive and negative) are arranged in the same hollow fabric section, the insulating separation layer may also be provided with a conductive coating on both sides. Otherwise, a unilateral conductive coating is preferable.

As for the manufacturing technique, it is preferable that the connection cords extend in the warp direction.

Preferably, the electroconductive wires extend transversely with respect to the connection cords, that is, in the weft direction.

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A reverse embodiment can also be provided, according to which the connection cords are carried with the hollow tissue section in the weft direction and the electroconductive wires are carried in the warp direction, in order to achieve a separation of the negative branches / positive. In addition, for a better contact of the different threads / yarns a back ligament (weave leno) can also be provided in which there is an entanglement.

The invention provides that a first connection cord is connected with a plurality of first electroconductive wires and that a second connection cord is connected with a plurality of second electroconductive wires. The electroconductive wires preferably extend to within a surface of the heating fabric to be heated and are electrically conductively connected respectively with either the first connection cord or the second connection cord. Along the surface of the heating fabric to be heated, the electroconductive wires can be connected to each other, for example, by a high ohmic conductive medium.

A first basic idea of this embodiment consists in distributing within the heating fabric a plurality of electroconductive wires that constitute feeding wires for a resistance means in which the decisive part of the heat is generated. A first part of these supply wires constitute the positive pole and another part constitutes the negative pole of an electrical circuit. The electrical circuit is closed through the high ohmic resistance means between the first supply wires and the second supply wires.

Therefore, heat generation takes place decisively between the electroconductive wires within the high ohmic resistance medium. Because of the feeding wires preferably distributed uniformly on the surface to be heated and the high conductivity of the feeding wires compared to the resistance means, a homogeneous thermal effect can be generated in the heating fabric.

Another aspect is to connect all electroconductive wires of the same polarity (positive or negative) respectively to a common connection cord or to a common connection cord unit. Therefore, a first group of electroconductive wires is connected to a first connection cord that forms for example a positive pole, and a second group is connected to a second connection cord that then forms the negative pole. In this case, the wires do not come into contact respectively with the other connection cord, so that there is an electrical separation between the positive and negative wires. Therefore, electroconductive wires are connected respectively only with one of the connection cords (positive or negative).

Through the at least one section of hollow tissue the selective union of the electroconductive wires with the first or second connection cords can be performed effectively if the wires are passed in front of the connection cord that should not be contacted, respectively on the other layer of tissue from the hollow tissue section. Preferably, the electroconductive wires extend parallel to each other and thus do not come into mutual contact.

If the connection cords are arranged in a hollow tissue section, the electroconductive threads can extend along the longitudinal direction or total weft direction of the tissue without coming into contact with the corresponding cross-polarity connecting cord that extends transversely Regarding this.

The electroconductive wires that extend as feeding conduits to within the area to be heated and are preferably oriented transversely with respect to the connection cords. In the area of the surface to be heated, the electroconductive wires are electrically interconnected through the high ohmic conductive medium.

A conductive medium of high ohmiaje is especially understood as a conductive medium in which the application of a voltage can generate heat and has a greater electrical resistance than the electroconductive power wires.

Preferably, the electroconductive wires of the first connection cord and those of the second connection cord are uniformly distributed throughout the fabric, so it is understood that the return and return conduits are distributed either alternating, or in another predefined regular order , by the surface of the fabric. A multiplicity of electrical circuits are formed along the surface of the high ohmic conductor, a substantially homogeneous heating effect being generated by the uniform arrangement of the electroconductive wires.

As a high-ohm conductive medium, according to a preferable embodiment of the invention, at least one high-ohm line can be provided. Preferably, a multiplicity of high ohm wires is arranged transversely with respect to the electroconductive wires. Therefore, the high ohm wires contact respectively a multiplicity of electroconductive wires that alternate are connected with the two connection cords or connection cords branches.

For reliable contact between the high ohm wire and the electroconductive wires it is preferable that the high ohm wire is interwoven by at least one pair of wires of the electroconductive wires, with a first wire of the pair of wires contacting the high wire ohmiaje on a first side of fabric and contacting a second thread of the pair of threads the high ohmiaje thread on a second side of the fabric. Therefore, the feeding wires in the direction

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weft are made respectively in a double way, so that the high ohm line is better interwoven or contacted.

In another preferred embodiment, a flat coating is provided as a high-ohm conductive medium. The flat coating, for example a resistance paste, forms the resistance material that is being heated. As flat coating, for example, a carbon or graphite coating is considered. The coating can also be made as a nanotube coating. Preferably, the area of the connection cords is not covered. It is also possible a combination of high ohmiaje threads and a high ohmiaje coating of the fabric.

Next, the invention is described in more detail with the help of preferable embodiments that are represented in the accompanying schematic figures. In the figures, they show:

Figure 1 a first embodiment of a heating fabric according to the invention;

Figure 2 a cross-sectional view in the area of the connection cords of a fabric of

heating according to the invention;

Fig. 3 a heating tissue according to the invention, including an enlarged view of a section of the tissue;

Figure 4 a second embodiment of a heating fabric according to the invention;

Figure 5 a heating fabric according to the invention with cable connection and

Figure 6 a third embodiment of a heating fabric according to the invention.

Identical or identical action components are designated in all figures by the same reference signs.

A first embodiment of a heating fabric 10 according to the invention is represented in Figures 1 to 3. The heating fabric 10 comprises a basic fabric with weft threads 12 extending in the weft direction and warp threads 14 which extend in the warp direction (see figure 3). The threads 12, 14 are made as non-conductive threads and can be composed, for example, of PET filaments.

In the non-conductive base fabric, a plurality of electroconductive wires 62, 64 are interwoven. The electroconductive wires 62, 64 may be formed as a whole by a conductive material or have a conductive coating. The electroconductive threads 62, 64 extend exclusively in one direction of the fabric, in this case in the weft direction along the non-conductive weft threads 12.

In the area of a lateral edge of the heating fabric 10, which forms a connection zone 16 of the heating fabric 10, two branches of connection cords 30, 50 are arranged. These respectively constitute a connection electrode for the electroconductive wires 62 , 64. The connection cord branches 30, 50 are incorporated in the fabric such that a first branch of connection cords 30 is exclusively connected with a group of first electroconductive wires 62 and a second branch of connection cords 50 is connected exclusively with a group of second electroconductive wires 64. The branches of connection cords 30, 50 respectively comprise a plurality of individual connection cords 32, 52 which can be made for example as copper or silver cords or as yarns with a conductive coating The first connection cords 32 are connected by weaving with the first electroconductive wires 62. The second connection cords 52 are connected by weaving with the second electroconductive wires 64. As for the ligaments, none of the second electroconductive wires 64 have contact with the first connection cords 32 and vice versa.

The electrical separation between the first connection cords 32 and the second electroconductive wires 64 and between the second connection cords 52 and the first electroconductive wires 62 is performed in such a way that in the area of the connection cord branches 30, 50 is formed respectively a section of hollow fabric 20, 40. The warp threads 14 of the fabric are inserted in such a way that in the area of the hollow fabric sections 20, 40 two layers of fabric 22, 24, 42, 44 result. two layers of fabric 22, 24, 42, 44 of said sections of hollow fabric or double layer fabric are electrically isolated from each other

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the connection zone 16 of the heating fabric 10 with its two hollow fabric sections 20, 40. The first hollow fabric section 20 has an upper fabric layer 22 and a fabric layer 24 lower. The second hollow tissue section 40 has an upper fabric layer 42 and a lower fabric layer 44. The first connection cords 32 are arranged in the upper fabric layer 22 of the first hollow fabric section 20. The second connection cords 52 are arranged in the lower fabric layer 44 of the second hollow fabric section 40. Between the tissue layers 22 and 24 or 42 and 44 are respectively formed a hollow space 26 or 46.

As can be seen in Figure 1, the wires 62 electrically bonded with the first connection cords 32 extend along the upper tissue layer 42 of the second hollow tissue section 40 and the wires 64 attached

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with the second connection cords 52 they extend along the lower tissue layer 24 of the first hollow tissue section 20. In this way, the wires 62 are electrically separated from the connection cords 52 and the wires 64 are separated electrically from the connection cords 32.

The first connection cords 32 and the second connection cords 52 may also be called positive poles or negative poles to be connected to a voltage source. To establish an electrical circuit, the electroconductive wires 62, 64 are electrically connected to each other by means of a conductive means along a heating zone 60 or a surface of the heating fabric 10 to be heated. By means of the high ohmic conductive means that in the first embodiment of the heating fabric 10 is formed by a multiplicity of high ohm wires 66 that extend transversely with respect to the supply wires 62, 64 a uniform heating is generated to along the entire heating zone 60. The high ohm wires 66 extending in the warp direction cross the electroconductive wires 62, 64 and thus constitute a multiplicity of electrical circuits along the heating surface of the fabric.

Figure 3 shows a preferable extension of wires on the heating surface of the fabric. The electroconductive wires 62, 64 are respectively made in a double way, that is to say that between non-conductive weft wires 12 there are respectively at least two electroconductive wires 62 or 64 that interlace the high ohm wire 66 on opposite sides, such that thread 66 is intertwined on both sides. By arranging by pairs of electroconductive wires 62, 64 between the non-conductive wires 12 an especially good contact of the high ohm wires 66 is achieved.

To provide additional electrical separation or additional electrical isolation between positive and negative (first connection cords 32 with wires 62 with respect to second connection cords 52 with wires 64), hollow tissue sections 20, 40 may be incorporated respectively a separation device or a separation layer 34, 54. The separation device 34, 54 can especially comprise a separation sheet inserted in the heating fabric 10 along the corresponding hollow tissue section 20, 40. To improve the conductivity of the connection cords 32, 52, the separation sheet may have an electrical coating on its side facing the connection cord.

A second embodiment of a heating fabric 10 according to the invention is represented in Figure 4. Instead of the high ohm wires or yarns that extend in the warp direction, the heating fabric 10 is provided, in the zone to be heated, with a 68 ohm coating. For example, the heating fabric 10 may be coated with a resistance paste. The connection zone 16 in which the connection cords 32, 52 are preferably not covered. Preferably, the fabric that has already been knitted is coated.

By connecting the cords 32, 52 to a voltage source, the power supply is distributed over the surface through the wires 62, 64 and is directed to the resistance coating. Heat is generated in the resistance coating. The distance between the wires 62, 64 is determined by the operating voltage, the resistance paste or the thickness of the paste and the desired caloric power.

Figure 5 shows a possibility of the realization of a cable connection for the electrode cords 32, 52. In the embodiment shown, it is arranged by tightening a plate square 70 on the electrodes. The sheet square 70 joins all the connection cords 32, 52 of a branch of connection cords 30, 50 and forms a connection device for a voltage source not shown in the figures. Alternatively, it is also possible to introduce a conductive sheet, for example a copper sheet, into the hollow space 26, 46 or the channel and then apply cables to the sheet, for example by crimping, indirect welding, direct welding or gluing.

By configuration according to the invention of the heating fabric 10, the fabric can be trimmed in a practically discretionary manner without changing the surface caloric power. In the case of a rectangular configuration of the fabric, the fabric can be cut in a practically discretionary manner along three of the four sides. The connection zone 16 with the connection cords 32, 52 however must not be sectioned.

Figure 6 shows a possibility of heating a fabric with a hole 18 along its entire surface. For this, two connection cords 32, 52 with the same polarity in opposite tissue areas or opposite tissue edges are respectively provided. Although different electroconductive wires 62, 64 are sectioned by the hole 18, the heating fabric 10 is heated along the entire heating zone 60. For this, the electroconductive wires 62 are electrically conductively connected with first connection cords 32 arranged on opposite sides of the hole 18. The second electroconductive wires 64 are connected on opposite sides of the hole 18 with two corresponding connection cords 52. As in the other embodiments, the connection cords 32, 52 can be made as branch cords 30, 50. In the case of several holes in the same line, additional intermediate connection cords must be provided to ensure Electric power also between adjacent holes.

Through the use of electroconductive wires 62, 64 elastic and / or textured and of elastic weft yarn (eg, Lycra) an elastic heating fabric can be manufactured in one direction.

The invention provides a heating fabric that can be trimmed in a particularly flexible manner. This is achieved because the connection cords are not arranged on opposite sides of the fabric or the heating zone thereof, but on the same side, so that the fabric or the heating zone can be cut substantially freely, except for the zone of the connection cords. The heating effect on the surface of the fabric occurs because the connection cords are connected respectively to separate electroconductive wires that extend into the surface of the fabric. The electroconductive wires are brought into contact by means of a high ohmic conductive medium in which the decisive part of the heat is generated due to its electrical resistance.

Claims (13)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five 1. Heating fabric with threads extending in the warp direction and in the weft direction, in which at least a part of the threads are made as electroconductive threads (62, 64), and along an area of heating (60) of the heating fabric (10) extends at least two connection cords (32, 52) for the electrical connection of the electroconductive wires (62, 64), characterized because - two connection cords (32, 52) of different polarity extend, in parallel and with a small distance between them, on the same side of the heating zone (60) to be heated, - a first connection cord (32) is connected to a plurality of first electroconductive wires (62) and a second connection cord (52) is connected to a plurality of second electroconductive wires (64) that extend into the area of heating (60) of the heating fabric (10) to be heated, - the first electroconductive wires (62) and the second electroconductive wires (64) are joined together along the heating zone (60) of the heating fabric (10) to be heated, by means of resistance of high ohmiaje that is made for heat generation, and - the first and second electroconductive wires (62, 64) have a high conductivity and form supply wires towards the medium of high ohmic resistance. 2. Heating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that a hollow fabric section (20, 40) with a hollow space (26, 46) is extended in the area of a connection cord (32, 52). along the connection cord (32, 52). 3. Heating fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that in the area of the first connection cord (32) a first section of hollow fabric (20) is made and in the area of the second connection cord (52) a second one is made hollow tissue section (40). 4. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one branch of connection cords (30, 50) comprising a plurality of connection cords (32, 52) is provided. 5. Heating fabric according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that an insulating separation layer (34, 54) is incorporated in the hollow space (26, 46). 6. Heating fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that the insulating separation layer (34, 54) has at least one side a conductive coating. 7. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connection cords (32, 52) extend in the warp direction. 8. Heating fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that the electroconductive wires (62, 64) extend in the weft direction. 9. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first electroconductive wires (62) and the second electroconductive wires (64) extend parallel to each other and do not come into contact with each other. 10. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the high-ohm conductive medium comprises at least one high-ohm wire (66). 11. Heating fabric according to claim 10, characterized in that the high ohm wire (66) is interwoven by at least one pair of electroconductive wires (62, 64), a first wire of the pair of wires being in contact with the wire ( 66) of high ohmiaje in a first side of the fabric and being a second thread of the pair of threads in contact with the high ohmiaje thread in a second side of the fabric. 12. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the high-ohm conductive means comprises a flat coating (68). 13. Heating fabric according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a first connection cord (32) of the same polarity and respectively a second connection cord (52) of the same polarity in opposite areas of the fabric are respectively provided. of heating (10).