ES2431317T3 - Device for processing components formed by mixtures of materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for processing components (42) formed by mixtures of materials, with an impact reactor (10) that has an essentially cylindrical base body (12) and a discoidal rotor (14) that can rotate inside the base body with a series of impact elements (24) housed therein, characterized in that the base body (12) has one or more ejection gates (48) located in the area of the peripheral surface to expel the materials separated by the rotor, and because the impact elements (24) are detachably housed in insert parts (22) arranged in recesses of the rotor (14).

Description

Device for processing components formed by mixtures of materials.

The invention relates to a device for processing components formed by mixtures of materials according to the preamble of claim 1.

To process components formed by mixtures of materials or objects of different materials, such as metal parts, glass, rubber, wood, polymers, fibrous materials, composite materials or the like, in particular for economic recycling, impact reactors are used where the components are they are crushed by subjecting them to multiple blows by means of impact elements. US 6 325 306 discloses an impact reactor of this type.

EP 0 859 693 B1 describes a procedure and a device for processing components of mixtures of materials, in particular mixed plastics. An impact reactor has, in its cylindrical base body, a rotor that rotates by means of a drive motor. The height-adjustable rotor of the base body is made of wear-resistant steel and at its ends it has interchangeable blades (impact elements) in the form of a propeller or fin (individual arms or bars). The blunt front surfaces of the blades serve as an impact surface in the direction of rotation to process the material to be crushed, so that, in other processing steps, the different materials of the material mixture can be separated from each other in fractions, At least roughly.

In addition, EP 1 057 531 B1 also describes an impact reactor with a height adjustable rotor in the base body with multiple different ejection openings. The ejection openings, located in different positions in the reactor by impact, can be provided with grooved or perforated cover plates, which allows a differentiated discharge in different fractions, such as according to the size or degree of disintegration. In order to favor the formation of different forms of discharge in the reactor by impact, impact elements that can have different conformations at their leading edges are housed in the fin-shaped arm structures of the rotor. The impact elements can also cooperate with opposing elements on the inner enveloping surface of the base body.

In the case of processing components with very varied sizes, shapes or volumes or materials with fractions of foreign matter, the large or hard components introduced can be stuck or settled in cracks of the machine, for example between the rotor fins and the base body, what can cause a blockage of the machine and, if necessary, even lead to a deterioration of the device.

Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to provide a device for processing components formed by mixtures of materials whereby the risk of blocking the device is reduced and with which the adaptation to the different crushing tasks can be carried out in simple mode

This objective is solved by a device for processing components formed by mixtures of materials with the characteristics indicated in claim 1. Other features of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

A device according to the invention for the processing of components formed by mixtures of materials has an impact reactor with an essentially cylindrical base body and a disk rotor, which can rotate or rotate within the base body, which houses a series of impact elements. In other words, the rotor is made or stamped into a disk. The amount of impact elements can also be one. The impact elements are housed in the rotor detachably. The discoidal rotor (preferably) can be essentially cylindrical or lenticular (concave or convex), in particular it can be in the form of a circular disk. The discoidal rotor may have notches or recesses in its outer perimeter, which extend in particular in the radial direction, but does not therefore lose its discoidal character, in particular the fact that the main surface part of the circular surface of the discoidal rotor is closed or solid and / or the fact that the mass of the discoidal rotor is distributed essentially evenly in the azimuthal direction.

With the impact reactor according to the invention, a device for the processing of components formed by mixtures of highly flexible materials is designed. In addition, the discoidal rotor has a more uniform mass distribution compared to arm-shaped rotors. Since acceleration is not necessary

or slow and careful deceleration of the rotational speed of the rotor, a considerable reduction of the operating cost is achieved. Due to the discoidal shape of the rotor surface according to the invention, during the processing of tires no piece of tire can be wrapped around the rotor rotation shaft and the reactor clogged by impact.

The impact elements may be housed on the upper face and / or the lower face of the disk rotor. In other words, the discoidal rotor may have impact elements that act on those components that are above the rotor and / or on those that are below the rotor. Depending on the crushing application, the area above the rotor and / or below the rotor can be used, which allows a plural or multiple use.

The recesses of the rotor are included in particular in a flange joint. In particular, an insert may have a groove for housing an impact element. The impact element may be screwed to the insert on the same side or the other side and, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, has a width that essentially corresponds to the width of the insert. However, according to another embodiment of the invention, at least one impact element may also have a width that exceeds that of the insert, or the impact element may project laterally from the edge of the insert to along the upper face or the lower face of the rotor. Preferably, the inserts with the impact elements can be removed from the reactor by impact.

The rotor can also have a series of cutting elements housed on the upper and / or lower face of the discoidal rotor. In other words, the discoidal rotor can have cutting elements that act on components that are above the rotor and / or cutting elements that act on components that are below the rotor.

The impact reactor can be easily adapted to different crushing tasks depending on the material of the introduced components, influencing the impact properties of the rotor through the type of impact elements and / or cutting elements used or varying the height , quantity and / or angle of these. For example, for a hard and heavy material, impact elements and / or short cutting elements having a tearing effect, a grinding effect or a sandpaper or abrasive effect can be chosen. On the other hand, for a soft material, such as plastics, impact elements and / or long cutting elements can be used.

The cutting elements can be detachably housed in insert pieces, which are in turn housed in rotor recesses, in particular by way of a flange joint. In particular, an insert may have a groove for housing a cutting element. The cutting element may be screwed into the insert on the same side or the other side. Inserts with the cutting elements can be removed from the reactor by impact.

Preferably, the insert pieces are made with a round or discoidal shape and / or the azimuthal angle of at least one of the insert pieces can be orientably modified in the recess. The azimuthal angle can be adjustable continuously or at least step by step, so that the inserts can be positioned and fixed in the recesses in various different angular positions.

In particular, at least one of the recesses extends continuously from the upper face to the lower face. In this way, the insert with an impact element or cutting element that acts on one side of the rotor can be easily and conveniently fixed in the discoidal rotor from the other corresponding side of the rotor. This facilitates access to the insert for assembly or disassembly.

At least one insert may have at least one passage opening, so that a stream of air or material can be generated between the areas above and below the rotor, or vice versa.

At least in one insert, the passage opening (s) may be oblique, so that, depending on the azimuth angular orientation of the oblique hole or hole compared to the axis of rotation of the rotor, an air current can be generated or of material from the area below the rotor to that above the rotor, or vice versa. The current ratios are determined by the angular position of the oblique passage opening with respect to the direction of rotation.

The impact elements and / or the cutting elements housed in the disk rotor can have different lengths and / or heights to adapt to different separation and crushing tasks. They can also have different shapes and consist of different materials. The user of the device has different impact elements and / or cutting elements for different crushing applications.

In an advantageous improvement of the device according to the invention, the impact elements and / or the cutting elements can cooperate with opposite stationary elements, preferably adjustable in the radial direction, which are housed in the essentially cylindrical base body. Between the impact elements and / or cutting elements and the opposite elements, an operating gap is formed whose width is preferably adjustable. By means of the cooperation of the elements, the crushing of the components can be achieved, for example by shearing.

The rotor's disk surface may have essentially the same area, in particular the same diameter, as the base surface of the cylindrical base body, so that the volume of the base body is divided into an upper area and a lower area. In a special embodiment, the discoidal rotor can extend into a groove or peripheral lateral profile of the base body of the impact reactor. In this way an interstitium is formed that allows, after a pre-crushing of the material introduced into the upper area of the reactor by impact, the pieces of material pass to the lower area. Behind this gap, another gap, preferably of varying width, may be provided for subsequent shear crushing.

On the peripheral surface of the cylindrical base body a certain number of sieves can be arranged above and / or below the disk rotor. This number can also be equal to one. The sieves can have different mesh openings or opening sizes so that, through them, different fractions of crushed material can exit the reactor.

Additionally or alternatively, the base body of the impact reactor may have one or more expulsion gates arranged laterally on the peripheral surface and / or on the floor of the base body.

The base body of the impact reactor may have a gate on the lower face, in particular on its floor surface, which allows access to the lower area of the impact reactor to change or adjust the impact and / or cutting elements.

In another advantageous refinement of the device according to the invention, the underside of the disk rotor can have recesses, grooves or spaces that extend radially or are arranged at an angle, so that material can be transported in the radial direction in the recesses , grooves or spaces towards the peripheral surface of the base body.

In addition, especially advantageously, the impact reactor may have an additional shell disposed within the base body in an essentially coaxial position to its peripheral surface. Advantageously, the components to be crushed are introduced centrally and at the beginning they only experience a small acceleration, since the speed of rotation of the impact elements located on the discoidal rotor at points close to the rotation shaft is reduced. Consequently, the necessary power of the rotor drive motor is reduced compared to a feed of non-directed material. The crushed material in the lower part of the additional wrapping body is moved to the outer area of the rotor, where subsequent crushing takes place, in particular with impact elements at higher rotation speed, and a separation of the individual fractions.

In a special refinement, the impact reactor may include at least one additional rotor, in particular it may be discoidal. Thus, in combination with the interstices or passage openings mentioned above, the shredding of the components or the separation of the individual fractions in cascade can be carried out. In particular, the rotor and the additional rotor (s), which are arranged one above the other, can be operated at different speeds of rotation and, at the same time or alternatively, the directions of rotation of the two rotors can also be different. The rotor located above can be used with a first rotation speed for pre-crushing. The rotor located below can operate with a second rotation speed, which is higher, in particular considerably greater than the first, to then carry out a fractionation or separation by a high impulse transmission. In this context, the rotor and the additional rotor (s) can be operated particularly advantageously by means of independent coaxial shafts.

In addition, the impact reactor may include at least one heating and / or cooling element to influence the different materials, the heating element and / or refrigerators being arranged on the peripheral surface of the base body or on the floor surface of the body base, preferably in the area above the rotor or below the rotor, in order to influence different materials. In an evolution of the idea that serves as a basis for the invention, the heating and / or cooling element can also be arranged in the additional enclosure, for example to cool the material centrally introduced in the area of the second enclosure, in order to do it before more fragile to arrive previously crushed to the outer zone of the rotor.

In this context it can also be advantageous if one is housed in the additional inner housing

or more rotating rollers, which may be arranged in particular in an eccentric position with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor and which carry out a prior crushing of the material as a roller crusher as the material pressures between the or rollers and the inner peripheral surface of the additional wrapping body, crushing the material by the pressure generated. The roller can be driven, for example, by driving the rotor and, if necessary, with a suitable reduction gear.

The device according to the invention for the processing of components formed by mixtures of materials can be used in different crushing and splitting applications already known by EP 0 859 693 B1 and EP 1057 531 B1 and explicitly cited therein, for example in waste disposal or incineration facilities. However, in relation to the invention, the especially advantageous use of the device according to the invention, with the features or combinations of features according to this description, for the crushing of tires, consisting of several layers of rubber and metal meshes joined together by vulcanization, and for the breaking of tires into fractions of material, in particular in a fraction with a main proportion of rubber and a fraction with a main proportion of metal.

Other embodiments and advantageous improvements are described and explained in detail below and are represented in illustrative examples together with the attached figures to which reference is made. In the figures:

Fig. 1: top view of the upper face of a disk rotor of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for component processing; Fig. 2: view of the underside of a disk rotor of an embodiment of the device according to the invention; Fig. 3: schematic representation of an embodiment of a reactor by impact of a

device according to the invention; Fig. 4: embodiment of an insert with oblique hole; Fig. 5: three embodiments of operating interstices between the disk rotor and the surface

envelope of the reactor base body by impact; Fig. 6: schematic view of an improvement of the device according to the invention with an additional envelope inside the reactor by impact; Fig. 7: schematic view of an alternative refinement of the device according to the invention with impact elements of different heights within the impact reactor; and Fig. 8: schematic view of an alternative improvement of the device according to the invention with two rotors independently driven from each other.

Fig. 1 shows a top view of the upper face of a disk rotor 14 of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for component processing, as can be used for example in the embodiment of the impact reactor represented in Fig. 3. The discoidal rotor 14 performs a rotating movement around the rotation shaft 16 in the direction of rotation 20 by means of a drive motor, not shown in the figure. Four recesses for insertion pieces 22 are provided on the disc rotor 14, which in each case house an impact element 24 in a slot 26 (see below, in particular Fig. 3). A symmetrical arrangement of the recesses is represented here, but other alternative embodiments where the distribution is not uniform or symmetrical are also possible. Inserts 22 are fixed in the recesses in a flange-like connection with eight screws 28 in each case. By means of an impact element 24 an orientation is defined for the insert 22 that houses it. Fig. 1 shows a situation where the insert 22 is in each case connected to the disk rotor 14 so that the impact elements 24 are directed or oriented in a radial direction. Thus, the side surfaces of the impact elements 24 are available as impact surfaces during the rotation of the disk rotor 14 in order to crush the components introduced into the reactor by impact. The impact surfaces of the impact elements 24 are of a solid metallic or crystalline material, for example tempered steel. However, the insert pieces can also be fixed on the disk rotor 14 in a different angular position than this radial orientation; obviously in steps of 45 degrees in case of eight screw connections distributed evenly. Thus, a transmission of the impulse can also be made to the components with parts in the radial direction, so that above the rotor predetermined movements of the pieces of crushed material are generated, which allows a separation of the different materials.

Fig. 2 shows a view of the lower face 36 of a disk rotor 14 of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in particular in a way in which the rotor 14 can be used in the embodiment of a reactor by impact according to Fig. 3. On the lower face 36 of the rotor 14 are provided recesses 38 that serve to transport crushed component pieces from the inside outwards into the impact reactor when the disk rotor 14 is set in motion rotating around its rotation shaft 16 in the direction of rotation

20. In this embodiment, the lower face 36 has four recesses 38 that extend essentially in the radial direction and four that extend at an angle to the recesses 38 that extend in the radial direction. In other embodiments, the recesses 38 can also be extended in a curved manner. In addition, in different embodiments, the recesses 38 may have a uniform cross-section.

or a cross section that narrows the greater the depth.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of an impact reactor 10 of a device according to the invention. The impact reactor 10 has an essentially cylindrical base body 12, which can also be referred to as a processing vessel, where a discoidal rotor 14 performs a rotational movement by means of a rotation shaft 16 through a drive motor 18, for example a motor electric

or diesel. Between the drive motor 18 and the rotation shaft 16 a transmission mechanism can preferably be arranged. The cover of the base body 12 can be removed, whereby the interior of the base body 12 can be accessed with the disk rotor 14. In the inner volume, more precisely in the upper area 44, the components 42 are introduced, in this case for example tires, in the direction of the arrow, passing through a material feed hopper 40. The components 42 fall on the upper face of the rotating disk rotor and are subjected to impacts or impulse transmission of the impact surfaces. of the elements of

impact 24 mounted, and to the cutting effect of the mounted cutting elements 30 (in Fig. 3 one of these elements is represented graphically in each case).

Fig. 3 also shows an insert 22 in the left part of the disk rotor 14, in whose groove 26 an impact element 24 is fixed by means of screws 28. The right part of Fig. 3 shows the insert 22 of the discoidal rotor 14, in whose groove 26 a cutting element 30 is fixed by screws 28. The cutting elements 30 have a conformation that has a cutting effect on the components 42 introduced into the reactor by impact 10. The screws 28 are accessible and can be loosened or tightened from the other side of the disk rotor 14.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 also shows a gap in the envelope surface at the height of the disk rotor 14, so that those pieces of the crushed components of sufficiently small size can pass from the upper area 44 to the lower area 46 On the lower face 36 of the disk rotor 14 another impact element 24 is shown which is fixed in the groove 26 of an insert 22 by means of screws 28 that can be loosened or tightened from the upper face. In other words, the rotor 14 can also act on the crushed pieces of components in the lower area 46. The base body 12 has, on the enveloping surface of the upper area 44, that is to say above the discoidal rotor 14, a gate of upper ejection 48 that can be covered, in particular with a grid or with a sieve of different grain to influence the size of grain that passes through it, and that can be opened and closed, preferably in the tilting direction 50. Through This upper ejection gate 48 can remove a first fraction of the crushed material. In addition, the base body 12 has, on its floor surface, a lower ejection gate 52 that can be opened and closed in the tilting direction 54. Through this lower ejection gate 52 a second fraction of material can be removed crushed different from the first. This eject gate 52 can also enable access to the disk rotor 14 from below in order to change the insert pieces 22. At this point it should be emphasized again that the impact elements 24 and / or cutting elements 30 used They can have different lengths and / or heights, which are chosen according to the corresponding crushing and division tasks.

An embodiment of an insert 58 with through hole is schematically shown in Fig. 4. The partial image 4A (upper part of Fig. 4) shows a section through the insert 58 located in a disk rotor 14. The insert is housed in a positive joint and is fixed in a non-positive connection by screws 56 The hole extending from the upper face to the lower face of the rotor 14 is made here as an oblique hole 69, that is, in the partial image 4A the projection in the form of a parallelogram of the hole that extends in a non-zero angle with respect to the perpendicular of the disk rotor 14. Partial image 4B shows a top view of the insert 58 with an oblique hole 60. The geometry of the insert 58 is equal to the geometry of the pieces. insert 22 described above for impact elements 24 and cut 30 (see also Figs. 1 to 3), so that the insert 58 can optionally be mounted instead of the other parts of insertion As already described in relation to the insert 22, the insert 58 can also be housed in the disk rotor 14 in different angular orientations, which allows different current conditions to be achieved with the rotation of the rotor 14. In In this context, the orientation of the oblique hole 60 with respect to the axis of rotation mainly determines whether a stream of air and / or material passes from the area above the rotor 14 to the area below the rotor 14

or vice versa, or if a current of air and / or material is induced from the inside out or from the outside in in the radial direction.

Fig. 5 shows three embodiments of operating interstices between the disk rotor and the envelope surface of the base body of the impact reactor. As described above, the gap width has the function of the mesh opening of a sieve. In other words, said width determines the grain size of the crushed pieces that can pass from the upper area to the lower area of the reactor by impact. The upper partial image 5A clearly shows, in a detail of the impact reactor, how the disk rotor 14 with an impact element 24 mounted, in cooperation with an opposite element 32 in the base body shell, in this case fixed, without limiting In general, but mobile in other embodiments, it constitutes, in particular in the radial direction, an interstitium 34 for grinding components. Preferably, said opposite element 32 extends in the peripheral direction only along a limited angular area. In this case, a certain number of opposing elements 32 is advantageously arranged along the periphery. This number can also be equal to one. In the partial image 5B an operative gap 34 can be seen formed by a peripheral recess or a profile of the enveloping surface of the base body of the reactor by impact and by the disk rotor 14, which carries impact elements 24 on its upper face. As explained in relation to Fig. 3, through the gap 34 only the pieces of the crushed material can be passed from impact area or by impact that have a determined maximum size.

The lower partial image 5C shows an embodiment of a gap 34 formed by the cooperation of an impact element 24 on the disk rotor 14 and the surrounding surface of the base body 12. Since the impact element only extends along a Limited angular area, the component pieces undergo a pulse transmission between the rotor 14 and the base body 12.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic sectional view of an improvement of the device according to the invention with an additional envelope inside the impact reactor 10. In the base body 12 there is a disk rotor 14 which can rotate around its shaft rotation 16. On the upper face of the rotor 14 impact elements are housed 24. The components are conducted inside an inner casing 64 near the rotation shaft 16 to the central area of the disk rotor 14. In this embodiment, on the components first act preferably cutting elements 30 (alternatively also impact elements 24) which rotate at low speed, so that at the beginning only 44 thick crushed pieces reach the upper area, where they continue to be crushed by impact in the manner described above.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of an alternative refinement of the device according to the invention with impact elements of different heights in the impact reactor 10. In the base body 12 a disk rotor 14 is arranged which can rotate by means of a shaft rotation 16. The figure shows two impact elements 24 having a height difference 66, so that when these impact elements 24 act on the components, different impulse transmissions are obtained. In addition, in the embodiment of Fig. 7 a characteristic can also be observed, which is independent of that provided by impact elements of different heights and which can also be performed in other embodiments, consisting in that the axis of the figure of the base body that essentially exhibits rotation symmetry does not coincide with the axis of the rotation shaft 16 of the disk rotor 14. In this embodiment, an interstitium 34 is created in a cooperation of the impact element 24 arranged in the edge of the rotor 14 with an opposite element 32 for shredding components.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic sectional view of another alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, which includes an impact reactor 10 with two rotors that can be independently driven from each other. Inside the base body 12 is a disk rotor 14 with impact elements 24 housed therein and a second rotor 68 which essentially also has a disk shape. While the rotor 14 is set in rotational motion with a first drive motor 74 by means of a hollow coaxial shaft 70 through a first bypass transmission 72, in this case for example two geared bevel gears, the second rotor 68 it is set in motion with a second drive motor 78 by means of a rotation shaft 16 through a second deflection transmission 76, in this case for example two geared bevel gears. In this way, the two rotors 14, 68 can rotate at different speeds. The width of the gap 34 for subsequent crushing is variable, as indicated by the double arrow. Fig. 8 also shows that it is possible to use, for example, prismatic or trapezoidal impact elements 80 and / or cutting elements 30 with toothed structure 82. Additionally and alternatively to the features already explained, in Fig. 8 it can be recognized the use of heating elements 84 and / or refrigerators 86, which can be housed in the inner enveloping surface of the base body 12 in the area between the disk rotor 14 and the second rotor 68, which allows a controlled supply of heat in the processing of components, which can influence the properties of the material during impact. In the area below the discoidal rotor 14, preferably on the floor surface of the base body 12, a cooling element 86 is housed which allows the corresponding area to cool and thus influence the properties of the crushed material before its removal or ejection from impact reactor 10.

List of reference symbols

10 Impact reactor 12 Base body 14 Rotor 16 Swing shaft 18 Drive motor 20 Direction of rotation 22 Insert piece 24 Impact element 26 Slot 28 Screw 30 Cutting element 32 Opposite element 34 Interstitium on the enveloping surface 36 Lower face of the rotor 38 Cut-outs 40 Material feed hopper 42 Component 44 Upper area 46 Lower area 48 Upper eject gate 50 Tilt direction 52 Lower eject gate

54

 Tilt Direction

56

Screw connection

58

Insert with through hole

60

 Oblique hole

5

62  Outgoing

64

 Inner envelope

66

Height difference

6870

 Second rotor Coaxial hollow shaft

10

72 First forwarding transmission

74

First drive motor

76

Second forwarding transmission

78

Second drive motor

fifteen

80 82 Shaped impact element Serrated surface

84

 Heating element

86

 Refrigerator element

Claims (24)

one.

Device for processing components (42) formed by mixtures of materials, with an impact reactor (10) that has an essentially cylindrical base body (12) and a discoidal rotor (14) that can rotate inside the base body with a series of impact elements (24) housed therein,

characterized in that the base body (12) has one or more ejection gates (48) located in the area of the peripheral surface to expel the materials separated by the rotor, and because the impact elements (24) are detachably housed in insert parts (22) arranged in recesses of the rotor (14).

2.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact elements (24) are arranged on the upper face and / or the lower face (36) of the disk rotor (14).

3.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (14) has a number of cutting elements (30) that are housed on the upper face and / or the lower face (36) of the discoidal rotor (14).

Four.

Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cutting elements (30) are detachably housed in insert parts (22) arranged in recesses of the rotor (14).

5.

Device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the insertion pieces (22) are configured with a round shape and / or because the azimuth angle of at least one of the insertion pieces (22) in the recess is variable.

6.

Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the recesses extends continuously from the upper face to the lower face (36) of the rotor (14).

7.

Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one insert (58) has at least one passage opening (60), so that a current can be generated between the area above the rotor (14) and the area below the rotor (14) or vice versa.

8.

Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the direction of the passage opening (6) is oblique in at least one insert, so that, depending on the azimuthal angular orientation of the hole with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor (14), a stream of air or material can be created from the area below the rotor (14) to the area above the rotor (14) or vice versa.

9.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact elements (24) and / or the cutting elements (30) that are housed in the disk rotor (14) have a different length and / or height.

10.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact elements (24) and / or the cutting elements (30) cooperate with opposite stationary elements (32), preferably adjustable in the radial direction, which are housed in the base body ( 12) essentially cylindrical.

eleven.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discoidal rotor (14) extends until it enters a lateral peripheral groove of the base body (12) of the impact reactor.

12.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a number of sieves are arranged on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical base body above and / or below the disk rotor.

13.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) has one or more additional ejection gates (52) arranged on the floor of the base body (12).

14.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) has on the lower face a gate for the change or adjustment of the impact elements (24) and / or the cutting elements (30).

fifteen.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower face (36) of the disk rotor (14) has recesses (38) that extend radially or are arranged at an angle, so that in the recesses (38) It can transport material radially to the peripheral surface.

16.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact reactor

(10) has an additional casing body (64) located inside the base body (12) essentially in a coaxial position with respect to the peripheral surface of the base body (12).

17.

Device according to claim 16, characterized in that one or more rotating rollers are housed inside the additional housing, which can be arranged in particular in an eccentric position with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor and which carry out a prior crushing of the material a roller crusher mode.

18.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact reactor

(10) has at least one additional rotor (68), in particular a disk-shaped rotor.

19.

Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the rotor (14) and the additional rotor (s) (68) are arranged one above the other and can be operated with different speeds of rotation and / or in different directions of rotation.

twenty.

Device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the rotor and the additional rotor (s) can be operated through coaxial shafts (16, 70) independent of each other.

twenty-one.

Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impact reactor

(10)

 It has at least one heating element (84) and / or refrigerator (86) to influence different materials, the heating element (84) and / or refrigerators (86) being arranged on the peripheral surface of the base body (12) or on the floor surface of the base body (12), in the area above the rotor

(14)

 or in the area below the rotor (14).

22

Device according to claims 16 and 21, characterized in that the cooling element (86) and / or heater (84) is arranged in or on the additional enclosure (64).

2. 3.

Device according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that at least one impact element

(24) and / or a cutting element (30) protrudes from the edge of the insert (22).

24.

Use of a device according to any of the preceding claims for shredding tires and for separating tires into fractions of material.