ES2411780B1 - PROCEDURE FOR THE WATER COMBUSTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY. - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for the aqueous combustion of the synthesis gas to generate electricity # We purify the air in a bag filter (1) prior to introducing it into the gas mixing reactor (2). Thus the synthesis gas is mixed stoichiometrically, with the oxygen? O {sub, 2} - from the air, the reactor is connected to the reaction tank (3), with water? H {sub, 2} O- in liquid phase, The heat produced is transmitted to the water -H {sub, 2} O-, which passes to water vapor at high temperature and pressure, which we conduct (4) to a turbine (5) to transform the heat energy and steam pressure of water in mechanical energy, to the turbine we attach generator that produces electrical energy. Water vapor, we drive it to a heat exchanger (6) to lower the temperature, and move to liquid phase. The water? H {sub, 2} O-, we take it to the reaction tank to start the process.

Description

PROCEDURE FOR THE WATERY COMBUSTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY

The present invention relates to the combustion of the synthesis gas in an aqueous medium to generate water vapor at high temperature and pressure, which applied to a turbine, produces electrical energy.

The present procedure must be framed within the energy sector since electrical energy is produced from the synthesis gas, by direct combustion with oxygen in aqueous medium, which allows greater energy efficiency, by avoiding transfer losses, because the heat generated by combustion and is fully used to produce water vapor at high temperature and pressure. In the combustion of gas

In synthesis, which is composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the emitted carbon dioxide is purified, so that it can be stored without another complementary process, so that the present invention can also be framed within the environmental sector.

20 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The combustion of the synthesis gas composed of hydrogen -H2- and carbon monoxide has a priority interest from the scientific point of view, because the synthesis gas can be obtained, both from renewable energy sources,

25 as fossil energy, but without emission of effect gases

5

greenhouse. Depending on the origin and the methods used in obtaining the synthesis gas, the percentage of hydrogen-H2- and carbon monoxide -CO-varies, generally obtaining fifty percent of carbon monoxide -CO-y Fifty percent hydrogen -H2- ·

1st 15

In the state of the art, synthetic gas purification processes are known to obtain purified hydrogen, eliminating carbon monoxide -CO-from the synthesis gas, P200900216. Mechanical systems have been developed to take advantage of the energy generated by the combustion of hydrogen -H2- and carbon monoxide -CO-with oxygen -02-to generate electrical energy. Hydrogen peroxide -H202-for direct combustion. Hydrogen batteries -H2- to generate electricity. Catalytic combustion of ammonia -NH3- to react hydrogen -H2- with oxygen -02- ·

2nd

The present procedure represents a qualitative advance in the processes known so far, whose improvements affect the energy efficiency of clean energies, and the decrease in the use of fossil energies, which are environmentally polluting.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Through

a bag filter, we purify the a1re of the

atmosphere prior to its introduction into the mixing reactor

5

of gases The gas premix reactor is attached, jointly and severally, to a reaction tank containing water -H20-. With the gas premix reactor, we adjust the stoichiometric combustion of hydrogen -H2- and carbon monoxide -CO- with oxygen -02-of the air in aqueous medium.

1st

The reaction tank containing the water -H20-, is responsible for regulating the temperature, so that the combustion temperature is much lower than in direct combustion, depending on the water flow -H20-. With the mass flow of CO 1 H2 / 02 of the air, the temperature of the generated steam that can be between 600-1,000 oc is regulated depending on the stoichiometric specifications we consider.

15 20

The water -H20-introduced into the reaction tank, acts at the same time as heat exchanger and system coolant, which has all the right conditions, comparing it with direct combustion, to produce the superheated steam in a stable way and to generate electricity in a continuous way and

safe.

Since the fuel we use is the synthesis gas, the reaction will be as follows:

25

   The stoichiometric relationship of oxygen -02-with the

hydrogen-H2- and carbon monoxide -CO-, will be in

relationship with the percentage of hydrogen -H2- and oxygen -

0 ~ -that has the synthesis gas, taking into account that the

stoichiometric ratio of carbon monoxide -CO-

5

with oxygen -02-is 2: 1 and the stoichiometric reaction

of hydrogen with oxygen -02-, it is 2: 1. We can

affirm, according to the described formulation that the air

we need to have the right amount of

oxygen-02-is 4.76 times the amount we have of

1st

hydrogen-H2-.

Combustion has great efficiency, around

Ninety-nine percent, with water -H20-at temperature

ambient. The different temperatures of the water tank,

influence the efficiency of combustion efficiency.

fifteen

The best percentage of performance is at 25 degrees Celsius, and

as this temperature increases it decreases

substantially the percentage of combustion in the reaction

in question.

The scheme of the process is as follows, in a first

2nd

moment through the burner, where we would perform pre

stoichiometric mixture of Carbon Monoxide 1

Hydrogen -H2-1Oxygen -02-, we perform combustion,

generating a superheated steam stream,

The reaction of the synthesis gas is as follows:

2H2 (g) +2 CO (g) +202 (g) -gt; 2 C02 (g) + 2H20 (g) + 1138 kJ / mol

The enthalpy of combustion of carbon monoxide -CO-

is -283 KJ / mol and the gas combustion reaction of

50 ° / o synthesis of hydrogen -H2 and carbon monoxide -

CO-is 1138 kJ / mol.

5

Superheated steam is also formed due to

the evaporation of water -H20-that is in the tank and that

comes into contact with the combustion flame gas of

Synthesis and air.

Water vapor -H20-obtained in direct combustion

1st

of the synthesis gas, is conducted through a pipe to

The turbine to generate electricity. Water vapor

-H20-, once it has passed through the turbine, it is collected

to transport it to a heat exchanger, with the

in order to reduce the temperature, so that

fifteen

said water vapor-H20-, already in liquid phase, let's take it

to a storage tank. From the deposit of

storage we drive it through a second

pipe to the main reaction tank, to introduce the

water -H20-in said reactor at a temperature of 25 ° C,

2nd

to make the reaction in the reactor more efficient

premix

The technical problem that arises is the search for

a new technology that makes the use of

synthesis gas that contains it, in order to reach

produce directly, electrical energy so

more efficient, using synthesis gas as

fuel.

The

features essential is the combustion direct

5 1st 15

by means of a premixing reactor of the synthesis gas with the oxygen -02-or, in aqueous medium, so that the water -H20-contained in the reaction tank, serves at the same time as heat transfer and coolant, in order to control process temperature Depending on the amount of water -H20-we can regulate the temperature of water vapor -H20, for the same amount of energy produced by the exothermic reaction of the synthesis gas with oxygen -02- · Another notable feature is the absence of Heat losses in heat transfer to produce electrical energy, since the combustion of synthesis gas, with oxygen -02 occurs directly on water -H20- which serves as a transport element of heat energy to transform it into electrical energy , so there are no heat exchangers.

twenty

From all of the above, the advantages of combustion in aqueous medium of the synthesis gas, to generate electrical energy, with respect to other preceding embodiments, emerge.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For the best understanding of how much is described in the

This report is accompanied by a scheme in which only by way of example, it represents: Figure 1, by means of a bag filter (1), we purify the air. (2) It is the premix reactor with the air inlets and the synthesis gas. 5 (3) The reaction tank, which contains the water -H20-, with the steam outlet to the pipe. (4) It is the pipe that conducts water vapor -H20-overheated, at high pressure, to the turbine. (5) It is the turbine that transforms the energy of water vapor -H20-at high 1st temperature and pressure into mechanical energy. (6) It is the heat exchanger to reduce the temperature of water vapor -H20- that leaves the turbine up to 25 ° Celsius. (7) It is the water storage tank -H20-, from which the water tank is supplied

1 5 r ~ action.

(8) It is the pipe that conducts the water -H20- from the storage tank to the reaction tank.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FORM.

20 The process of combustion of synthesis gas in aqueous medium, to produce electrical energy, consists of a bag filter to purify the air (1) prior to its introduction into the gas mixing reactor (2). In said reactor the synthesis gas is stoichiometrically mixed with the

25 oxygen -02- · The premix reactor is attached

jointly and severally with the reaction tank, (3) which contains

Water -H20-in liquid phase. The exothermic reaction of the

Synthesis gas with oxygen -02-, transmits directly

the heat produced to water -H20-, which passes from one phase

5

water vapor, at high temperature and pressure.

Said water vapor, by means of a pipe (4) what

we drive a turbine (5) to transform the energy

heat and water vapor pressure in energy

mechanics. Said turbine coupled to a generator produces

1st

electric power. The steam that comes out of the turbine,

the. we drive to a heat exchanger (6) to

decrease the water temperature -H20-, already in phase

liquid up to twenty-five degrees Celsius, so that

It favors the main reaction. Water -H20-, to that

fifteen

temperature, we drive it to a tank of

storage (7) that serves to regulate the flow of

-H20-water needed in the reaction tank. Bliss

water -H20-, through a pipe (8) we conduct it to the

reaction tank to start the process.

2nd

For the description made in the report and the media

necessary described for its realization, this

invention is susceptible of industrial application.

The following will be independent of the object of the invention.

Materials used, dimensions and details

25

   accessories as long as they do not affect their essentiality.

Claims (1)

18

PROCESS FOR COMBUSTION OF THE GAS FROM

5

SYNTHESIS, WHICH IS COMPOSED BY HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE, IN A WATER MEDIA, whose invention is intended to react the synthesis gas · with oxygen -02-, in an aqueous medium (water -H20-), to produce steam of water -H20-at high temperature and pressure, which by means of a turbine and a generator produces electrical energy and comprises the following stages:

1st 1 5

-A sleeve filter, to purify the air of the atmosphere. -A gas premix reactor, jointly and severally connected to a reaction tank containing water -H20-. -A reaction tank that contains water -H20-, acts as a heat exchanger and system coolant, to produce water vapor -H20-superheated stably.

twenty

And that is characterized by transmitting the heat produced by the exothermic reaction of the synthesis gas with the oxygen -02-directly in the water -H20- that contains the reaction tank, according to the following reaction:

2H2 + 2CO + 20 2-- ~ ------- 2CO + 2H20 + 1138 kj / mol

25

The heat energy transmitted to the aqueous medium (water-H20-) produces water vapor -H20-at high temperature and pressure, which by means of a turbine and a generator produces electrical energy.