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ES2401449B1 - SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CENITAL PHOTOGRAPHS IN FORENSIC APPLICATIONS. - Google Patents

SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CENITAL PHOTOGRAPHS IN FORENSIC APPLICATIONS. Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2401449B1
ES2401449B1 ES201100609A ES201100609A ES2401449B1 ES 2401449 B1 ES2401449 B1 ES 2401449B1 ES 201100609 A ES201100609 A ES 201100609A ES 201100609 A ES201100609 A ES 201100609A ES 2401449 B1 ES2401449 B1 ES 2401449B1
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Prior art keywords
photographs
obtaining
forensic applications
bar
cenital
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ES201100609A
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Spanish (es)
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ES2401449R1 (en
ES2401449A2 (en
Inventor
Higinio Gonzalez Jorge
Ivan PUENTE LUNA
Julia ARMESTO GONZÁLEZ
Pedro ARIAS SÁNCHEZ
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Universidade de Vigo
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Universidade de Vigo
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Priority to ES201100609A priority Critical patent/ES2401449B1/en
Publication of ES2401449A2 publication Critical patent/ES2401449A2/en
Publication of ES2401449R1 publication Critical patent/ES2401449R1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Accessories Of Cameras (AREA)

Abstract

La presente invención describe un sistema para la obtención de fotografías cenitales en aplicaciones forenses que comprende una barra rígida de aluminio que se apoya sobre dos trípodes topográficos. Sobre dicha barra se coloca un actuador lineal de aluminio, cuya plataforma móvil se desplaza gracias a la acción rotatoria de un motor. La plataforma presenta un brazo metálico en L que sujeta la cámara digital empleada para la realización de las fotografías cenitales.The present invention describes a system for obtaining overhead photographs in forensic applications comprising a rigid aluminum bar that rests on two topographic tripods. A linear aluminum actuator is placed on said bar, whose mobile platform moves thanks to the rotary action of an engine. The platform features an L-shaped metal arm that holds the digital camera used to take the zenithal photographs.

Description

Sistema para la obtención de fotografias cenitales en aplicaciones forenses.   System for obtaining zenith photographs in forensic applications.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCiÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

La fatografia desempeña en la sociedad actual, un papel importante como medio de información, como instnunento de la ciencia y la tecnología, y también como una forma de arte y una afición popular. Fatography plays an important role in today's society as an information medium, as an instinct for science and technology, and also as an art form and a popular hobby.

En el ámbito forense, los informes periciales en general y en la investigación de cadáveres en particular deben ser comprensibles y fáciles de entender. La fotografia es el mejor elemento de apoyo para el dictamen y las imágenes deben revelar claramente los resultados obtenidos. La fotografia suplirá alojo humano y, por tanto, debe proporcionar la misma visión que se tiene al observar el objeto directamente. Incluso, puede captar detalles con una fineza que no necesariamente es captada por el ojo. In the forensic field, expert reports in general and in the investigation of corpses in particular should be understandable and easy to understand. Photography is the best support for the opinion and the images must clearly reveal the results obtained. The photograph will supply human accommodation and, therefore, must provide the same vision as when observing the object directly. You can even capture details with a finesse that is not necessarily captured by the eye.

Para documentar de modo preciso la escena de illl crimen u otros eventos, tales como fosas comunes o escenas de accidentes, los fotógrafos forenses necesitarán aunar esfuerzos en buscar la iluminación adecuada y el uso de lentes y ángulos correctos para representar de manera fidedigna lo ocurrido. Además, es importante para éstos obtener fotografias desde illla gran variedad de puntos de vista distintos, proporcionando así una informadón más completa. To accurately document the illl crime scene or other events, such as mass graves or accident scenes, forensic photographers will need to join forces in seeking adequate lighting and the use of correct lenses and angles to accurately represent what happened. In addition, it is important for them to obtain photographs from a variety of different points of view, thus providing more complete information.

La fotografia forense reconoce cuatro tipos diferentes de fotografias que pueden ser tomadas del escenario de los hechos: vistas generales (desde distintos ángulos, donde aparezcan la víctima y los objetos afectados); vistas medias (desde diferentes ángulos, se tornan el cadáver rdacionándolo siempre con los objetos que lo rodean); acercamientos y grandes acercamientos, que representan la macrofotografia. En todas ellas, el equipo fotográfico requerido se compone de cámara fotográfica con objetivos intercambiables, trípode firme con cabezal rotativo, teleobjetivo luminoso y lentes o accesorios para macrofotografia (Forensic light and photography support US2006115264Al, Vezard, N.; Verrier, G.). La práctica de la fotogrametría aérea en apoyo a la metodología prospectiva, por ejemplo para documentar la .localización, de . fosas, está limitada al . tener que contar con un presupuesto económico elevado (Moveable forensic photography platform CN20l8l2l26(U), Ying, X.). Es en este punto, donde la presente patente aporta su gran ventaja al pennitir la obtención semi-automática de fotografias desde una posición vertical, dificil mente alcanzable sin la ayuda de este sistema. Forensic photography recognizes four different types of photographs that can be taken from the scene of the events: general views (from different angles, where the victim and the affected objects appear); middle views (from different angles, they turn the corpse by always rendering it with the objects that surround it); approaches and great approaches, which represent the macro photography. In all of them, the required photographic equipment consists of a camera with interchangeable lenses, a firm tripod with a rotating head, a bright telephoto lens and lenses or accessories for macro photography (Forensic light and photography support US2006115264Al, Vezard, N .; Verrier, G.). The practice of aerial photogrammetry in support of the prospective methodology, for example to document the location of. graves, is limited to. having to have a high economic budget (Moveable forensic photography platform CN20l8l2l26 (U), Ying, X.). It is at this point that the present patent provides its great advantage by allowing semi-automatic photography to be obtained from an upright position, difficult to achieve without the help of this system.

Para explotar la infonnación métrica de las fotografías cenitales obtenidas y así completar el estudio de los distintos elementos, pennitiendo además la cuantificación y la medida directa de, por ejemplo, la superficie afectada por una anomalía, es imprescindible conocer los parámetros de calibración de la cámara réflex empleada, que nos indican su orientación interna, como son las distorsiones radial y tangencial de la lente, las coordenadas del punto principal, la distancia focal de la lente, el tamaflo del sensor, etc. Estos parámetros combinados con la orientación externa de la imágenes obtenidas del objeto y realizando los cálculos adecuados, basados en gran parte en el principio de colinealidad, permiten la obtención de las coordenadas espaciales tridimensionales del objeto. La orientación externa establece una relación entre el sistema de coordenadas del sensor y el correspondiente al mundo real. El modelo obtenido se debe dimensionar empleando por ejemplo dianas de control de coordenadas geométricas conocidas o barras de escala. To exploit the metric information of the zenith photographs obtained and thus complete the study of the different elements, also quantifying and quantifying the direct measurement of, for example, the surface affected by an anomaly, it is essential to know the camera's calibration parameters SLR used, which indicate its internal orientation, such as the radial and tangential distortions of the lens, the coordinates of the main point, the focal length of the lens, the size of the sensor, etc. These parameters combined with the external orientation of the images obtained from the object and making the appropriate calculations, based largely on the principle of collinearity, allow obtaining the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the object. External orientation establishes a relationship between the sensor coordinate system and that corresponding to the real world. The model obtained must be sized using, for example, known geometric coordinate control targets or scale bars.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

El sistema aqul desarrollado pennite obtener. de manera semi-automática mediante un disparador, fotografias cenitales de gran interés en el ámbito forense, muy válidas tanto para el inventariado de huesos encontrados como para la observación de detalles, que desde otras perspectivas serian dificiles de capturar. El conjunto se compone principalmente de dos trípodes que soportan una barra de distancia regulable y sobre la que se ensambla un actuador lineal que desplaza una plataforma. Sobre dicha plataforma, empleando un brazo metálico en L se sujeta la cámara digital. La cámara se ha de posicionar de tal modo que su óptica se encuentre perpendicular respecto del suelo. The system developed here to obtain. semi-automatically using a trigger, zenith photographs of great interest in the forensic field, very valid both for the inventory of bones found and for the observation of details, which from other perspectives would be difficult to capture. The set consists mainly of two tripods that support an adjustable distance bar and on which a linear actuator that moves a platform is assembled. On said platform, using a metal arm in L the digital camera is held. The camera must be positioned so that its optics are perpendicular to the ground.

El sistema es portátil, ligero y se coloca apoyado sobre dos trípodes localizados en sus extremos, asegurando la horizontalidad del conjunto y por The system is portable, lightweight and placed on two tripods located at its ends, ensuring the horizontality of the set and by

consiguiente, que el plano focal de la cám.ara sea paralelo a la fosa objeto de estudio. Al mismo tiempo, su carácter modular hace que sea fácilmente desmontable y trasladable por el operario para la realización de tomas fotográficas de distintas fosas. consequently, that the focal plane of the chamber is parallel to the pit under study. At the same time, its modular nature makes it easily removable and translatable by the operator to take photographic shots of different graves.

La principal ventaja que presenta t;~sta invención consiste en que permitirá de una forma sencilla la toma de fotografias cenitales. Su configuración con materiales ligeros y de bajo coste, facilita asimismo su montaje y gran portabilidad. The main advantage of this invention is that it will allow the taking of overhead photographs in a simple way. Its configuration with lightweight and low-cost materials also facilitates assembly and great portability.

BREVE DESCRlPCION DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Para una mejor comprensión dt;~ cuanto queda descrito en la presente memoria, se acompafian los siguientes dibujos. For a better understanding of what is described herein, the following drawings are attached.

La figura 1 muestra una vista frontal del sistema para la obtención de fotografias cenitales en la que se observan sus componentes principales que son, un actuador lineal (constituido por un motor y una plataforma móvil que sujeta la cámara) que se apoya al mismo tiempo sobre una barra de mayor longitud, a su vez regulable, y que se sostiene sobre los trípodes topográficos. La figura 2 muestra en detalle cada uno de los elementos que constituyen el actuador lineal. La figura 3 ilustra el brazo metálico en L con detalle. Figure 1 shows a front view of the system for obtaining zenith photographs in which its main components are observed, a linear actuator (consisting of a motor and a mobile platform that holds the camera) that is supported at the same time on a bar of greater length, in turn adjustable, and that is supported on the topographic tripods. Figure 2 shows in detail each of the elements that constitute the linear actuator. Figure 3 illustrates the L-shaped metal arm in detail.

DESCRlPCION DE UNA REALIZACJON PREFERIDA DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

El sistema para la obtención de fotografias cenitales consta de una barra rígida (1), de aluminio y longitud regulable que se apoya sobre dos trípodes topográficos (2). Sobre dicha barra se coloca el actuador lineal (3), también de aluminio, que opera al convertir. la rotación del motor (4) en un desplazamiento lineal controlado de la plataforma móvil (5). A su vez, dicha plataforma presenta un brazo metálico en L (7) al cual se sujeta la cámara digital (6) empleada para la realización de las fotografias. The system for obtaining zenith photographs consists of a rigid bar (1), of aluminum and adjustable length that rests on two topographic tripods (2). The linear actuator (3), also of aluminum, which operates when converting is placed on said bar. the rotation of the motor (4) in a controlled linear displacement of the mobile platform (5). In turn, said platform has a metal arm in L (7) to which the digital camera (6) used to take the photographs is attached.

Claims (1)

REIVINDICACIONES l. Sistema para la obtención de fotografías cenitales en aplicaciones forenses, l. System for obtaining zenith photographs in forensic applications, 5 caracterizado por comprender fila barra metálica, rígida y de longitud regulable (1) que se apoya sobre dos tripodes topográficos (2), la barra dispone de un actuador lineal (3) cuya plataforma móvil (5) y sobre la que se ubica la cámara digital (6) se desplaza gracias a la rotación de un motor (4). 5 characterized by comprising a rigid, adjustable length metal rod row (1) that rests on two topographic tripods (2), the bar has a linear actuator (3) whose mobile platform (5) and on which the Digital camera (6) moves thanks to the rotation of an engine (4). ,.. •> •>
ES201100609A 2011-05-31 2011-05-31 SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CENITAL PHOTOGRAPHS IN FORENSIC APPLICATIONS. Active ES2401449B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201100609A ES2401449B1 (en) 2011-05-31 2011-05-31 SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CENITAL PHOTOGRAPHS IN FORENSIC APPLICATIONS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201100609A ES2401449B1 (en) 2011-05-31 2011-05-31 SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING CENITAL PHOTOGRAPHS IN FORENSIC APPLICATIONS.

Publications (3)

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ES2401449A2 ES2401449A2 (en) 2013-04-19
ES2401449R1 ES2401449R1 (en) 2013-05-03
ES2401449B1 true ES2401449B1 (en) 2013-11-21

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Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2103815B (en) * 1981-07-28 1985-04-03 George Danny Ealovega Photographing a moving car
US6161807A (en) * 1995-09-27 2000-12-19 Steiner; Michael Portable optometric support stand
GB2452197B (en) * 2006-06-15 2009-11-11 Matthew Edward Rosen A knockdown-type track wheel system for a camera dolly
EP2064873A2 (en) * 2006-08-10 2009-06-03 Botha, Conrad, D'Auvergne Crowd photography
US7789356B1 (en) * 2006-11-14 2010-09-07 Jones Steven P Stand assembly for an optical device
FR2935080B1 (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-09-03 Jocelyn Fontaine REPLACEMENT OF A MANUAL DRIVING SYSTEM OF A MOVING CAMERA ON A TRAVELING BY AN AUTOMATIC MECHANISM. CAMERA MANAGEMENT IN THE FIELDS OF MULTIMEDIA, VIDEO, AUDIOVISUAL AND CINEMA
US8287195B2 (en) * 2009-11-10 2012-10-16 Dezeeuw Paul Motor controlled macro rail for close-up focus-stacking photography

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ES2401449R1 (en) 2013-05-03
ES2401449A2 (en) 2013-04-19

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