ES2368804T3 - DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRESSED PACAS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) for the production of pressed bales (5) in a parallelepipedic way with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C, based on pieces of compressible material suitable for pressing (50) presenting the device (1 ) a press body (10) with at least one pressing chamber (15) and with a pressing shield (17) that can be moved inside it in the direction of pressing (71) and backwards by means of a drive mechanical (18, 18 '), an accumulation chamber (15) being located next to the pressing chamber (15), the pressing chamber (15) being separated from the accumulation chamber (20) by a separation wall (12) that can be moved between a closed position and an open position, which seen in the direction of pressing (17) forms at least one last part of a wall of the pressing chamber (15) and which in its position open leaves a gap (12 ') free, characterized in that the chamber of p Pressed (15) has a sectional area of A x C / n, viewed in a direction perpendicular to that of pressing (71), being n greater than or equal to 2, because the gap that is free by the movable separation wall (12 ) in its open position it has minimum dimensions of A x B, because the device (1) comprises a partial pressed bale conveyor installation (40) with a mechanical drive (49), presenting the partial pressed bale transport facility (40) ) a direction of transport (74) that runs parallel to the C / n dimension of the pressing chamber (15), from the pressing chamber (15) through the gap (12) to the accumulation chamber (20), and because next to or next to the accumulation chamber (20) there is a tying device by means of which a tying or strapping (60) or an envelope that runs parallel to the height B and the length can be applied automatically or semi-automatically. depth C of the pressed bale (5) a respectively n partial pressed bales (5.1 - 5.n) with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C / n, which meets and holds these together to form the pressed bale (5) with width edge lengths A, height B and depth C.

Description

Device and procedure for the production of pressed bales

The present invention relates to a device for the production of pressed bales in a parallelepipedic manner with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C, of pieces of material suitable for pressing, the device having a press body with at least one pressing chamber and with a pressing shield that moves inside it in the direction of pressing and recoil by means of a mechanical drive, a storage chamber being arranged next to a pressing chamber, the chamber being separated of pressing of the accumulation enclosure by a separating wall that can be moved between a closed position and an open position, which forms at least one last part of a wall of the pressing chamber, seen in the direction of pressing, and which in its open position leaves a gap free. The invention further relates to a method for the operation of the device.

The packing presses for the various applications are equipped with a press shield that can either be moved vertically or with a press shield that can be moved horizontally, and they have been known for years in the market. The pressed bales produced generally have a parallelepipedic or cubic shape, depending on the dimensions of the edge lengths of the pressed bales especially the means of transport by which the pressed bales are to be transported after production. If the transport is to be carried out on Europallets, then the width and depth of the bales are conveniently adapted to the floor surface of the pallet and then have measures of approximately 800 mm x 1,200 mm. So that the bale has safety against overturning, its maximum height is about 1,200 mm. If container transport is planned, a measure of the usual bales in the market is approximately 1,100 mm x 1,100 mm x 1100 mm, that is, a cubic shape. The press chamber of the presses for the production of this class of pressed bales is made with dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of the pressed bales to be produced, and the area of the section of the press chamber then has the measurements which correspond to the width and depth of the pressed bales.

In presses with a press shield that can be moved in a vertical direction, the pressing shield is activated by means of one or more hydraulic cylinders. The loading of the vertical packing presses of a single chamber takes place through a door that closes the loading chamber or the entire pressing chamber, and to partially load it to carry out the loading. The pieces of material suitable for pressing are introduced into the pressing chamber through the door opening, below the pressing shield which is then in its highest position, and eventually placed on already pressed material. If the loading area of the pressing chamber is so full that there is no longer any new material suitable for pressing, the door is closed and the movable press shield moves in a direction towards a bottom of the pressing chamber that limits the chamber from pressing down. In order to obtain the highest possible bale weights, large hydraulic cylinders are used today, which at the corresponding pressure exert a high pressing force on the material suitable for being pressed to form a pressed bale.

In packing presses with a scrolling press shield in the vertical direction, the conduction of the pressing shield in the pressing chamber represents a problem that should not be neglected. Various guides of the pressing shield have been made in the pressing chamber, which all of them are unable to prevent in practice that damage to the pressing shield or in the hydraulic drive elements (hydraulic cylinder) in practice occurs, especially in the event that there is an uneven load in the pressing chamber. Another problem of packing presses with a vertical directional shifting shield is that only the desired high compaction of the material suitable for pressing is achieved, that is a high bale density, with the corresponding high pressure per surface unit which in turn can only be achieved with a maximum hydraulic system pressure by means of large hydraulic cylinders. These hydraulic cylinders have a high volume that has to be transported or pumped in a short time by means of the hydraulic pumps. In order to be able to do this in a short cycle time required by the users of the press (time required by the pressing cycle from the beginning to the end, that is until the press can be reloaded again), they require large electric drives for hydraulic pumps, which in turn require the corresponding electrical infrastructure. This infrastructure often does not exist in the locations of the presses, or can only be carried out expensively afterwards.

In packing presses with a horizontally movable press shield, the loading of the pressing enclosure also takes place through a door of the closing chamber that can be closed. In this case, the press chamber is loaded when the press shield is in its rearmost position. Once the pressing chamber has been loaded with sufficient material suitable for pressing, so that it is no longer possible to introduce more material suitable for pressing, then the press chamber door and the movable press shield are closed in horizontal direction advances and compresses the material suitable for pressing which is in front of the pressing shield to form a pressed bale. Also in presses with horizontally movable press shield there are often disturbances and failures in the conduction of the press shield.

Damage to the conduction of the pressing shield can occur or even the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder that drives the pressing shield can become deformed, especially if the load is uneven

or if the load is made with pieces of material suitable for being pressed with a different degree of compressibility. Also, in horizontal packing presses, high pressure per unit area must be exerted on the bale surface to achieve the desired high degree of compaction. This in turn requires large hydraulic cylinders. Therefore, comparable requirements regarding the design of the electric drives for hydraulic pumps are also produced in these presses.

Document US-A-3 693 541 shows a pressing device having the characteristics of the preamble of claims 1 and 36. This document cites the creation of a device that can produce bales from residual products, with a density from 500 - 870 kg / m3. The solution of the proposed objective is to achieve because the compaction takes place in several stages. This document also indicates that an important feature of the invention consists in each of the partial pressed bales formed in the pressing chamber has a relatively reduced height. In this way, it is intended to avoid the problem that there are differences in density in the interior of the pressed bale depending on the height, which occurs if a higher amount of material suitable for compaction is to be compacted on a single pressing road. pressing that is in a pressing chamber. In this known state of the art it is therefore essential that in the pressing chamber there are n partial press bales of low height, that is to say with measures of width A, height B / n and depth C. These n partial press bales are They are then stacked on top of each other outside the pressing chamber and tied together to form the pressed bale of dimensions A, height B and depth C. In this case it is also essential that this pressing device has a sectional area of the chamber of pressing of A x C, that is to say a surface corresponding to the entire section area of the pressed bales produced. In addition, in the known device intended for the passage of a partial pressed bale out of the pressing chamber to the collecting chamber present the dimensions of width A and height B / n. In US-A-3 693 541 a device is therefore proposed by means of which press bales are produced in layers or discs of reduced height, which are then stacked on top of each other in the collecting enclosure located below. The surfaces by which the partial pressed bales are attached to each other in the finished pressed bale are in this case the surfaces with an orientation parallel to the plane of the surface of the pressing shield.

Document EP-A-677 376 discloses a pressing device in which a pressed bale is formed in a horizontal pressing chamber. The objective here is to prevent wrapping and tying a pressed bale to prevent pressing another bale, that is, to avoid downtime and increase productivity. This objective is solved by taking the bale out of the pressing chamber, to an auxiliary chamber composed of two parts to wrap and tie it. By doing so, a second tubular mobile auxiliary chamber can slide along the outer surface of a first auxiliary chamber. After passing the newly produced bale by pulling it out of the pressing chamber and passing it to the auxiliary chamber and closing the pressing chamber, the press can now begin pressing the next bale. Meanwhile, the bale that is in the auxiliary chamber is wrapped and tied. The essential thing about this known device is therefore that the pressing of the pressed bales and the wrapping and binding of the pressed bales takes place separately in the space. The number of tied can be chosen freely. It is seen that several partial pressed bales are not wrapped or tied here to form a pressed bale but rather that a pressed bale may contain several bundles.

Document DE-A-2819 807 shows a procedure and a device for forming bulky material forming bales, by pressing and tying. Here a previous compaction of the material suitable for pressing in several presses connected in series is carried out, it is successively transferred in several layers to the next press, it is compacted again, it is passed again in several layers successively to the last press where again Compact and then tied. The surfaces by which the different layers that are respectively attached to each other are here surfaces that run parallel to the plane of the surface of the pressing shields, which all have pressing shields with parallel surface planes and having a surface corresponding to the total section area of the finished pressed bale.

Document US-A-4 573 403 shows a special arrangement of a door of a packing press. Through a first folding lower door or trapdoor, material suitable for pressing into a loading chamber is introduced. A press press shield travels in this case in a press run from the bottom up through the loading chamber and compresses the material suitable for pressing into a pressing chamber located above the loading chamber. The withdrawal of the finished pressed bale takes place through a second folding top door.

US-A-5 195 429 describes a device for punching, compressing and pressing crushing objects, this device being located in front of a conventional packing press.

The aim of the present invention is therefore the creation of a device of the class mentioned above by means of which high density pressed bales can be produced, that is to say with a high bale weight for predetermined bale dimensions, with a less expense but with a high degree of performance and safety. The device aims to work safely and reliably and with a lower expense of technique, energy and placement space. For this purpose, it is especially necessary to ensure that, in the case of a higher pressure per unit area, deformation of the pressing shield or damage to the force transmission and / or the guides of the pressing shield does not occur. At the same time it is about achieving short press cycle times and high pressures per unit area to achieve a bale density as high as possible. It is also about describing a procedure for the operation of the device.

The solution of the part of the stated objective relating to the device is achieved according to the invention by means of a device of the class initially mentioned, which is characterized

because the pressing chamber has, in the direction perpendicular to the pressing direction, a sectional area of A x C / n, n being greater than or equal to 2,

because the gap that is free by means of the adjustable separation in the open position of this presents the dimensions of A x B,

because the device comprises a partial pressed bale transport installation with a mechanical drive, the partial pressed bale transport installation presenting a transport direction that runs parallel to the C / n dimension of the pressing chamber, leaving the chamber of pressed through the hollow to the accumulation enclosure, and

because to the accumulation chamber it corresponds to or is located next to it a tying device by means of which partial press bales with edge lengths of width A, height B and can be joined together automatically or semi-automatically each time. depth C / n to form pressed bales with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C joining them and holding them together or applying a trimming or wrap that runs parallel to the height B and depth C of the pressed bale.

In the packing press according to the invention it is essential that the pressing itself of the pieces of the material suitable for pressing takes place in a pressing chamber having an area of section considerably lower than what happens in the known packing presses up to the date and before described, specifically only a depth with a dimension C / n. In the pressing chamber of the device according to the invention, the pieces of material capable of being pressed under high pressure are compressed by first forming individual partial pressed bales that are transported one by one to an accumulation enclosure arranged below, and then joined between yes with other partial pressed bales that are already pressed or are still pending pressing to form a pressed bale based on partial pressed bales stacked one after another. The pressing chamber has a depth corresponding to only 1 / n of the depth of the pressed bale C, so that n partial pressed bales meet to form a pressed bale. The number n is greater than or equal to 2, being preferably n between 2 and 10, most preferably between 3 and 5. Since in the press chamber itself these only partial pressed bales of the pressed bale are produced which are forming, and which are smaller in one of the dimensions, and the pressing shield therefore has only a correspondingly smaller surface area, a relatively higher pressure is produced with a given power of the mechanical operation of the pressing shield. In this way a better compaction of the partial pressed bale is obtained and therefore of the whole of the pressed bale. The actual pressing chamber of the device made according to the invention can be sized for this reason with relatively small dimensions. This results in not only a relative reduction in the necessary driving forces but also and due to having reduced one of the dimensions of the area of the pressing shield, a reduction in the length of the lever arms and therefore a discharge of the drive mechanical and guides, without forgetting a reduction of weight and therefore a reduction of costs of the whole device.

In order to hold together the partial pressed bales produced before joining them together to form the pressed bale, it is provided that the accumulation chamber is provided with limiting elements that exert a preload force on the partial pressed bales that are inside, that prevent a new expansion of partial pressed bales.

Since the new expansion appears essentially only in the opposite direction of pressing, it is preferably provided that the limiting elements are only provided in an arrangement that acts parallel to the pressing direction.

In order to be able to adapt to different properties of pressing material, it is convenient that at least one of the limiting elements is adjustable.

To facilitate the handling of the device, a mechanical drive is preferably provided for adjusting the limiting element.

In another embodiment it is provided that the separation wall between the pressing chamber and the accumulation chamber can be adjusted along its entire length, preferably in a direction parallel to the pressing direction.

Especially for reasons of the ergonomic arrangement of the components of the device, the separation wall between the pressing chamber and the accumulation chamber is conveniently a rear wall of the pressing chamber.

In order to give a high density to the pressed bale that is formed from the n partial pressed bales it is preferably provided that the accumulation chamber has a movement stop for the first partial pressed bale that is in the accumulation chamber. Thus, a force can be exerted on a last partial pressed bale, n, which is located in the accumulation chamber, which compresses the n partial pressed bales together by their flat faces, thanks to the extension in the direction of transport of the installation of transport or by means of a wedge shape of the separation side facing the accumulation chamber, by its movement in the direction of closure. The finished pressed bale can preferably be removed from the accumulation chamber or ejected from it or pushed out of it or turned out of it in a direction transverse to the transport direction of the transport installation, preferably laterally. In this version it is not required to have access to the device from its rear face which allows a space-saving installation, for example in front of a wall.

Alternatively, the movement stop is provided to be adjustable and / or removable. In this way, the finished pressed bale can be removed or pushed out or ejected or tipped out of the accumulation chamber in a direction oriented in the transport direction of the transport facility.

In order to achieve an especially high compaction of the material suitable for pressing, the press shield and its mechanical drive are preferably made for a complete stroke, that is to say a stroke that reaches just before the bottom of the pressing chamber. .

In order to achieve an especially simple and safe handling of the device, it is proposed that a loading hatch that forms one of the walls of the pressing chamber, which can be folded around a wall, be placed on an upper part of the press body horizontal axis and that in an open position free a loading hole of the pressing chamber and that in a closed position it clears the loading hole.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the axis of the loading hatch passes through the lower part thereof, because the loading hatch is essentially in its open position essentially in a horizontal plane and because a flat face of the open loading hatch that is oriented towards Above it forms a receiving surface for the pieces of material suitable for pressing. In this way, when the press shield is displaced upwards, the pieces of material capable of being pressed into the pressing chamber can be overturned, the loading hatch tilting to its closed position. This avoids that the maneuvering personnel can put their hand in the pressing chamber, which excludes the possible risks of injuries that this entails.

To facilitate handling, the loading hatch can be conveniently folded down by a mechanical drive.

In order to assure the maneuvering staff a good access to the loading hatch, it is preferably located on a side opposite the accumulation chamber, preferably on a front wall of the press body.

In order that the pieces of the material capable of being pressed which are placed on the flat face of the open loading hatch facing upwards do not fall laterally when turning it, it is advantageously proposed that the loading hatch present on the sides of the conductive walls that rotate together with it or that laterally adjacent to the loading hatch are provided conductive walls fixed in the body of the press, in which case the conductive walls laterally limit the receiving surface.

It is also provided in the invention that an upper conductive wall is located above the filling flap, whose vertical distance to the filling flap can be adjusted between an open position that allows the placement of the pieces of material suitable for being pressed on the receiving surface of the open cargo flap and a closed position that covers the receiving surface of the open flap loading flap and which rotates in the closing direction. In this way, the upper conductive wall ensures in its closed position the complete discharge of the material capable of being pressed placed on the receiving surface, in the pressing chamber, without in its open position impeding the placement of pieces of material suitable for be pressed on the receiving surface.

In order to achieve the necessary forces, it is preferred that the mechanical drive or each of the mechanical drives be formed respectively by at least one hydraulic cylinder.

In order to achieve a compact arrangement of the parts of the device, it is preferred that the at least one hydraulic cylinder forming the mechanical drive for the movement of the pressing shield is located in the press body above or to one side together to the pressing chamber.

It is also preferred that the mechanical drive for displacement of the pressing shield be formed by a pair of master-slave hydraulic cylinders. In this way a good synchronism of the two cylinders or of the respective pistons and piston rods is achieved, which prevents the pressing shield from being minted or overturned which is harmful or at least annoying.

In a preferred embodiment of the device it is provided that the direction of pressing passes in the vertical direction from top to bottom or in the horizontal direction, and that in each case the transport direction runs perpendicular to this horizontally and in the direction of the edges of the partial pressed bales that have the length of edges C / n. For transport in the transport direction, the partial pressed bales can thus be subjected to the transport force acting on the greater of their surfaces, which may less damage the connection of the partial pressed bales.

Another embodiment of the device is characterized in that the pressing chamber has a longitudinal direction that runs in the vertical direction and the pressing direction runs parallel to the longitudinal direction, vertically from top to bottom, and because the accumulation chamber is located at the height suitable in relation to a lower area of the pressing chamber. This embodiment of the device has a discharge outlet for the partial pressed bales located approximately at the height of the floor on which the device is placed. The unloaded partial pressed bales can be joined together at the same level to form the larger pressed bale, and the finished pressed bale can be made available for withdrawal transport above ground level.

An alternative version of the device is characterized in that the pressing chamber has a longitudinal direction that runs vertically and because the pressing direction runs parallel to the longitudinal direction, vertically from the bottom up, and because the accumulation chamber is arranged at a height suitable with respect to an upper area of the pressing chamber. In this embodiment of the device, the direction of pressing runs from the bottom up, whereby the partial pressed bale produced in each case is formed in an upper area of the pressing chamber, and is also discharged from the upper area of the chamber Pressing In this case, the accumulation chamber is also in an elevated position relative to the ground level, so that the joining of the partial pressed bales together to form the finished pressed bale can also take place at a high level. The device can then be advantageously arranged next to a loading ramp, the height level of the accumulation chamber being adapted to the height level of the loading ramp. From the loading ramp you can then pass the pressed bales finished for example at the same height to a transport vehicle. In this embodiment of the device there is alternatively the advantageous possibility of arranging the device in a recess or pit, in which case the arrangement is then conveniently taken in such a way that the accumulation chamber to which the partial pressed bales are discharged has the ground level surrounding the recess or pit. Since in this device the sense of pressing runs from the bottom up, the loading of the pressing chamber with the pieces of material suitable for pressing is necessarily carried out in a lower area of the pressing chamber. By placing the device in a recess or pit this facilitates the loading of the pressing chamber with the pieces of material suitable for pressing since the operator then does not have to lift the pieces of material suitable for pressing but can introduce them into the pressing chamber in a downward direction.

Another alternative embodiment of the device is characterized in that the pressing chamber has a longitudinal direction that runs obliquely in relation to the vertical direction, and the pressing direction runs parallel to the longitudinal direction, obliquely from bottom to top, and because the accumulation chamber is located at the right height in an upper area of the pressing chamber, running obliquely downwards. With this embodiment of the device it is achieved in particular that the force of gravity facilitates the passage of the partial pressed bales from the pressing chamber to the accumulation chamber and the evacuation of the complete finished pressed bales from the accumulation chamber. In this way the necessary mechanical drives can be performed with a lower power. The inclined position of the pressing chamber further reduces the height of space necessary for the installation of the device, for a predetermined length of the pressing chamber.

In one embodiment it is proposed that between the vertical direction and the inclined direction of pressing of the pressing chamber there is a maximum angle of 45 °, preferably between 15 and 30 °.

The accumulation chamber preferably has a longitudinal direction that runs in the direction of transport and perpendicular to the pressing direction of the pressing chamber, since in this way it is possible to make a convenient passage of the partial pressed bales to the accumulation chamber , and a compact arrangement of the parts of the device is achieved. In this way, transport problems are avoided by transferring a partial pressed bale from the pressing chamber to the accumulation chamber, for example jams are avoided.

The direction of pressing from the bottom up offers the possibility of having a section of gravity transport for the pressed bales next to the accumulation chamber. A gravity transport section offers the advantage of not requiring its own drive elements such as electric motors, since only the force of gravity acting on the pressed bales is sufficient for transport. The gravity transport section can be used particularly advantageously in the embodiment of the device with an accumulation chamber located in the upper part of the device, since a sufficient slope of the transport section can then be made a sufficient slope of the section of transport to remove the pressed bales. In this way, for example, each pressed bale can be unloaded with a minimum technical expense on a flat transport vehicle or on a pallet, in order to be able to remove the pressed bale.

The gravity transport section is preferably made by means of a sliding track or by an inclined path roller path.

It is also preferably provided for the device that this comprises a loading installation comprising at least one rotating cylinder with rotation drive, provided with transport spikes, located before or in the device's orifice. By rotating the rotating cylinder, the pieces of material capable of being pressed from outside the press body can then be transported through the loading hole to the pressing chamber. With a loading installation of this kind, a relatively large quantity of pieces of material capable of being pressed can be forcedly introduced into the pressing chamber, which already produces a prior compaction. In this way, the pressing process is accelerated since a smaller number of press runs are required to produce a partial pressed bale. In addition, the maneuvering of the device for maneuvering personnel is simplified since it does not have to introduce pieces of material suitable for pressing into the pressing chamber by applying large forces.

Another simplification of the maneuvering of the device and an increase in work safety for maneuvering personnel are achieved because the loading installation preferably has a filling enclosure prior to the rotating cylinder. The pieces of material suitable for pressing can be placed or placed in the filling chamber, and from the filling area the pieces of material suitable for pressing can be transported to the pressing chamber by means of the rotating cylinder.

In another embodiment, it is preferably provided that the filling enclosure is formed by a drawer open at the top and that a recess oriented towards the rotating cylinder is oriented towards the loading hole of the device.

So that the pieces of material suitable for pressing placed in the filling enclosure safely reach the rotary filling cylinder, are safely captured by it and transported to the pressing chamber, it is also proposed in the invention that in the enclosure of Filling is located a transport facility for pieces of material suitable for pressing. With this transport installation, the pieces of material capable of being pressed placed in the filling enclosure can be driven to a reception area of material suitable for being pressed from the rotating cylinder.

In a first embodiment, the transport installation may consist of a tilting shield or pusher shield that can be conveniently moved by a mechanical drive.

In an alternative embodiment, the transport installation is provided with a conveyor belt.

In an improvement of the aforementioned embodiment, it is provided that one end of the conveyor belt that forms the conveyor installation, oriented towards the feeding installation, can be adjusted in height in relation to the feeding installation and can be immobilized at a level of desired height In this way, the delivery of the pieces of material capable of being pressed from the conveyor belt to the rotating cylinder of the feeding installation can be optimized, especially depending on the properties of the pieces of material to be pressed, so that fast transport can be made without retentions.

To solve the part of the objective that affects the procedure, a procedure is proposed for the production of pressed bales in a parallelepipedic way with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C based on pieces of material suitable for pressing that can be pressed pressing each other, the device presenting a press body having at least one press chamber with a press shield movable inside in the direction of pressing and backwards by means of a mechanical drive, being arranged next to the pressing chamber an accumulation chamber, the pressing chamber being separated from the accumulation chamber by a separation wall that can be adjusted between a closed position and an open position, which forms at least one last part of the wall of the Pressing chamber, seen in the direction of pressing, and which in its open position leaves a gap free, which is characterized by Orchestra in the pressing chamber, which viewed perpendicular to the pressing direction has a sectional area of A x C / n being n greater than or equal to 2, where n partial press bales are produced in n first phases of pressing, each one in a parallelepipedic form of low height, with edge lengths A, B, and C / n, presenting each of the partial pressed bales formed in the pressing chamber is passed after its production through the gap that has at least the dimensions A x B, in a transport direction that runs parallel to the dimension C / n of the pressing chamber to the accumulation chamber, until in the accumulation chamber there are n partial pressed bales with their flat faces with their edge lengths A and B contiguous, and because in the accumulation chamber the n partial pressed bales join together to form the pressed bale in a parallelepipedic manner with edge lengths A, B and C by applying at least one joining means, the joining means being conducted in a direction parallel to the edges of lengths B and C.

Advantageous embodiments and refinements of the process are described in claims 37 to 40.

Examples of embodiment of the invention are described below in greater detail using a drawing. The figures in the drawing show:

Fig. 1 a device in a first embodiment, in an oblique assembly view from the front, during a first phase of work,

fig. 2 the device in a vertical section, in a second phase of work,

fig. 3 the device in a vertical section, in a third phase of work,

fig. 4 the device in a vertical section, in a fourth phase of work,

fig. 5 the device in an oblique assembly view from behind, in a fifth phase of work,

fig. 6 a second embodiment of the device in a vertical longitudinal section,

fig. 7 the device of Figure 6 in an oblique perspective view from the front,

fig. 8 the device of Figure 6 in an oblique perspective view from behind,

fig. 9 the device in a third arrangement in a side view, and

fig. 10 the device of figure 9 in an enlarged detailed representation in the area of its power installation.

The device 1 according to the first embodiment shown consists, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, of a press body 10 arranged vertically with a front wall 11, a rear wall 12, two side walls 13 and a bottom 14. The walls 11 to 13 and the bottom 14 limit a pressing chamber 15 for housing pieces of material suitable for pressing 50. It is recognized that the width As measured in a horizontal direction, the body of the press 10 is a multiple of the depth c of the press body 10 measured horizontally, and therefore of the pressing chamber 15 located therein. The section of the pressing chamber 15 is therefore narrow, rectangular and thus clearly differs from the rather square sections of the usual packaging presses.

In the upper part of the front wall 11 there is a loading gap 30 with a hinged loading hatch

31. In this case, the loading flap 31 can rotate around the horizontal axis 32 which runs along the lower edge of the loading flap 31, by means of a mechanical drive 39 in the form of a hydraulic cylinder. This filling hatch 31 is brought to a horizontal position to fill the pressing chamber 15. Then the pieces of material suitable for pressing 50 are placed on a first receiving surface 33 which is formed by the upper face of the loading hatch 31. In order to prevent chunks of material suitable for pressing 50 that fall from the receiving surface 33, the loading hatch 31 is limited to the left and to the right by two lateral conductive walls 14, which they are fixed and attached to the body of the press 10.

In order to avoid that when the loading hatch 31 is operated, pieces of material capable of being pressed 50 are compressed by expelling them upwards, an upper limiting element of the feeding zone is provided on the receiving surface 33 of the filling hatch 31 by means of a collapsible upper conductive wall 35, in this case in the form of a grid. The collapsible upper conductive wall 35 is brought to a higher position when filling the receiving surface 33. Prior to hydraulically displacing the loading hatch 31, the upper conductive wall 35 is carried, adapted in its shape to the radius of movement of the leading edge of the loading flap 31, to its lower position and during the movement of the loading flap 31 leads upwardly to the pressing chamber 15, upwards to the pressing chamber 15 the pieces of material suitable for pressing 50 which are located on the receiving surface 30.

Inside the body of the press 10, a press shield 17 is driven in a vertical direction in the direction of pressing downwards and vice versa, while loading pieces of material suitable for being pressed 50 through the gap loading 30, the pressing shield 17 is in its uppermost position.

To move the pressing shield 17 a mechanical drive 18, 18 'serves, in this case in the form of two hydraulic cylinders that run parallel to each other and form a master-slave system, which are supported on a transverse yoke 16 located in the upper part in the body of the press 10, above the pressing chamber 15 which extends in the vertical direction, and protruding upwards above the body of the press 10. In the case of installation premises of especially low height, these cylinders can alternatively be arranged for these cylinders also on the sides next to the body of the press 10, which in this case are connected to the pressing shield 17 for example by means of cranked levers.

In the pair of master-slave cylinders of the mechanical drive 18, 18 ’, the return oil flow of the master cylinder is used as the drive oil flow of the corresponding slave cylinder, and vice versa. With the proviso that the annular surface of the master cylinder has the same dimensions as the surface of the piston of the slave cylinder, it is assured that both rods and plunger of the pair of master-slave cylinders extend and collect equally. The use of a pair of master slave cylinders of this class stabilizes the conduction of the pressing shield 17. And it is that the pressing shield 17 is operated on both sides by synchronized hydraulic cylinders and thus is conducted safely. In the event that the feed is hindered by an irregular load or by pieces of material capable of being pressed 50 of different degree of compressibility, then the whole system is stopped.

Since, in order to adapt to the narrow rectangular section A x c of the pressing chamber 15, the pressing shield 17 only has a corresponding low depth, the forces that could arise due to an irregular load in this dimension can be easily compensated. While in the conventional packaging presses a jamming of the pressing shield 17 in the horizontal depth dimension frequently arises, however in the represented device 1 this dimension assumes only a fraction of the depth of the resulting pressing chamber in the presses of known vertical packing. In this way it is quite unlikely that a jamming of the pressing shield 17 will occur along the depth of the pressing chamber 15.

For a pressing process, the best compaction results and bale densities are obtained if the pressing shield 17 can carry out a full stroke as far as possible to the bottom 14 of the pressing chamber 15. In this way it is achieved that the 5.1 -5.n partial pressed bales produced in the present device 1 are compressed with equal firmness seen throughout their height B. Thanks to the special sectional shape of the pressing chamber 15, partial pressed bales 5.1 - are produced in this 5.n with dimensions A x B xc, dimension c being an integer fraction of the corresponding dimension C of the complete pressed bale 5 that is to be produced; Therefore we have c = C / n. In this case n is greater than or equal to 2, with n being preferably between 2 and 10, most preferably between 3 and 5.

The rear wall 15 of the press body 10 can be moved vertically by another mechanical drive 19, in this case a hydraulic cylinder. Behind the rear wall 12 is an accumulation chamber 20 in which the n partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n are housed, which are successively produced in different pressing processes in the pressing chamber 15 and are then transported out from the pressing chamber 15 to the accumulation chamber 20. Before a partial pressed bale 5.1 -5.n is pushed into the accumulation chamber 20 by means of a horizontal action conveyor 40 with a conveyor shield 4.1, it is moved towards up the rear wall 12 thus leaving a sufficiently large gap 12 'free that has at least the dimensions A x B of the pressing chamber 15, open towards the accumulation chamber 20. The conveyor shield 41 of the transport installation 40 is It can be moved by another mechanical drive 49, which is also formed by a hydraulic cylinder.

The accumulation chamber in which the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n are provisionally accumulated and stored, which will then form a complete pressed bale 5, is formed by two limiting elements 21 and 22 acting in the pressing direction, which run in horizontal direction parallel to each other, distanced in vertical direction. The limiting elements 21, 22 are in the form of relatively narrow sliding tracks whose separation is adjusted to the height B of the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n, such that the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n is prevented They expand again.

The pressed material which in the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n is located on its vertical sides does not tend to separate, and practically only antagonistic forces are registered in the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n in a direction opposite to the sense of pressing 71. This makes it possible for partial bales 5.1

5.n

they are very well accessible in the accumulation chamber to join them together and form the pressed bale 5, so that, for example, a strap or a wire used to make the tying can be placed in a simple way. Tying can be done manually or by means of an automatic or semi-automatic tying system not shown in the drawing.

The tying to form the finished pressed bale 5 takes place after the n partial pressed bales 5.1

5.n

which meet to form the pressed bale 5, have been produced and transported successively to the accumulation chamber 20 by means of the horizontal effect transport installation 40. By means of the transport shield 41, the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n attached to each other by their flat faces 51 and subject to pressure between the limiting elements 21, 22, can be compressed horizontally for final compaction, and to be tied.

In Figure 5, for example, 4 partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n (in this case n = 4) are assembled each with respective measures of A x B x C / 4 to form the pressed bale 5 with the dimensions A x B x C.

If necessary, the limiting elements 21, 22 may have at their free end a movement stop for the first partial pressed bale 5.1, if the partial pressed bales tightening 5.1 -5.n between the limiting elements 21, 22 It is not enough to perform final horizontal compression. Alternatively, the rear wall 12 can be made in such a way that its face oriented towards the accumulation chamber is not oriented parallel to its side oriented towards the pressing chamber 15, but rather runs at an acute angle with it. Thus, the rear wall 12 compresses the partial pressed bales 5.1, 5.2 during their downward movement, so that the intermediate spaces between the different partial pressed bales 5.1-5.n are minimized, since the limiting elements 21, 22 of the accumulation chamber 20 by the stops provided therein prevent the first partial pressed bale 5.1 from continuing to slide.

Alternatively, it can also be imagined that the side of the rear wall 12 facing the accumulation chamber 20 can still be adjusted in a sufficient way, by a hydraulic mechanism or a lever or spring mechanism in direction towards the partial pressed bale 5.1 -5.n to effect final horizontal compression of these.

In this compressed state the partial pressed bales 5.1 -5.n are joined together to form the pressed bale 5, for example by a suitable trunking material such as wire or PP strap. The means used for tying are then tensioned and tied or tied.

Following this, removal of the finished pressed bale 5 can take place by removing it from the device 1. For this purpose, the upper limiting element 22 of the accumulation chamber 20 is lowered or slid up, for which another mechanical drive 29 is provided here. This mechanical drive 29 is again formed by a hydraulic cylinder that rests on a crossbar 16 'of the press body 10 on its rear face.

The pressed bale 5 can, for example, be tipped over or slid on a pallet located in the longitudinal direction of the accumulation chamber 20 and parallel to it, since the dimensions A and B are in this case essentially the same. Dimension C is in this case approximately 50% larger than dimensions A and B. The discharge of the pressed bale 5 conveniently takes place by means of a hydraulic drive lever mechanism.

or manual that is not represented in the drawing. The surface of the pressed bale 5 with the edges B and C, or A and C, which becomes located on the pallet due to tipping or sliding, essentially corresponds to the dimensions of the pallet in order to be able to take advantage of the space conveniently of transport, which in the case of the Europallet are for example 1,200 mm x 800 mm.

To start a new cycle, the conveyor shield 41 of the horizontal effect transport system 40 is pulled back and the hydraulically adjustable rear wall 12 is moved down again.

Figure 6 of the drawing shows a second device 1 for the production of pressed bales 5 from pieces of material suitable for pressing, in particular waste such as old paper, old paper cartons, plastic sheets or empty plastic bottles. The core of the device 1 is formed by a press consisting of a press body 10 within which a press shield 17 can be moved, by means of a mechanical drive 18. In Figure 6 the press shield 17 is represented in its retired position, that is in a state prior to a pressing run.

The pressing shield 17 and its mechanical drive 18 are located in this case at a lower end of the pressing chamber 15, whereby a pressing direction 71 of the pressing shield 17 is obtained from the bottom up according to the arrow.

The body of the press 10 with the pressing chamber 15 is arranged obliquely in relation to the vertical direction, whereby between the pressing direction 71 and the vertical direction there is an angle α which in this case is approximately 20 °.

Forward, that is to the right in Figure 6, the pressing chamber 15 is limited by a front wall 11. This front wall 11 can be moved backwards, that is to the left in the drawing, by means of such a mechanical drive like a hydraulic cylinder, perpendicular to its surface plane. Backwards, that is to the left in Figure 6, the pressing chamber 15 is limited by a rear and separation wall 12. This rear and separation wall 12 can be moved in such a way, for example by running it upwards, that optionally close the pressing chamber 15 or leave a gap free for the discharge of a partial pressed bale 5.1 to 5.4. The pressing chamber 15 is limited upwards by a crossbar 16. Laterally the pressing chamber 15 is closed by two side walls.

To the right of the body of the press 10 is a loading space 32 ’in the form of an open drawer from above, in which the pieces of material suitable for pressing can be thrown. The loading chamber 32 ’has a curved bottom 35’, which can be covered by a transport shield of a transport facility 33 ’that can be rotated in parallel to that.

Between the loading chamber 32 'and a loading gap 30 of the pressing chamber 15 is located a feeding installation 3. The feeding installation 3 consists in this case of a rotating cylinder 30' with rotary drive, which has its perimeter Busy with 31 'conveyor spikes. The pieces of material capable of being pressed into the loading chamber 32 'can be driven by means of the conveyor installation 33' to a reception area of material suitable for pressing 34 'of the rotating cylinder 30', where the pieces of suitable material to be pressed they are dragged by the rotating cylinder 30 'and its conveyor tines 31' which forcefully transport them into the pressing chamber 15. As soon as the pressing chamber 15 is sufficiently filled with pieces of material suitable for pressing the separation between a conductive surface 10 located below the conveyor tines 31 'with respect to the conveyor tines 31' is first reduced to the minimum possible distance. In this way the remaining pieces of material that are still in the rotating cylinder 30 'are transported to the pressing chamber 15, without the rotating cylinder 30' picking up new pieces of material suitable for being pressed from the loading chamber 32 ' . Next, and once other pieces of material suitable for pressing from the pressing chamber 15 to the loading chamber 32 'do not pass, the feeding installation 3 is stopped and the press shield 17 is moved by its actuation mechanical 18 in the direction of pressing 71. This process is repeated several times as needed until a partial pressed bale 5.1 to 5.4 with the desired dimensions and density has been produced in the upper area of the pressing chamber 15.

After opening the rear and separation wall 12, each partial pressed bale 5.1 to 5.4 is evacuated to an accumulation chamber from the pressing chamber 15, in the direction of transport indicated by arrow 74. The evacuation takes place because the wall frontal 11 moves in the direction of the arrow by means of its mechanical drive, for example a hydraulic piston and cylinder unit. The accumulation chamber 20 has a lower limiting element 21 and an upper limiting element 22 which together make sure that the partial pressing bales 5.1 to 5.4 remain attached to each other by their flat faces, and prevent the bales from expanding again .

The four partial pressed bales 5.1 to 5.4 of the exemplified embodiment are joined together by zipping them with similar strips or joining means to form a pressed bale 5, which is delivered to a gravity transport section 8 located next to the accumulation chamber 20 The gravity transport section 8 is in this case an inclined sliding track, by means of which the finished pressed bale 5 can be placed on a pallet 80. The finished pressed bale 5 has a height B and a length C which is It consists of partial lengths C / n (in this case n = 4). The width of the finished pressed bale 5 measured perpendicular to the drawing plane is A, and it is not visible here.

Figure 7 shows the device of Figure 6 in an oblique perspective view from the front. In front of the right, the loading chamber 32 ’can be seen from which the pieces of material suitable for pressing arrive at the feed system 3 with the rotating cylinder 30’. Behind the loading chamber 32 'is the body of the press 10 of the device 1, from which the front wall 11 and the left side wall 13 are seen. On the upper part the cross member 16 rests on the body of the press 10 In the center of the front wall 11 there is a sliding profile 11 'in the form of a square section tube in which the mechanical drive for the adjustment of the front wall 11 is located.

Behind the body of the press 10 is the accumulation chamber 20 with its lower limiting element 21 and its upper limiting element 22. The rear and last part of the device 1 is finally formed by the gravity transport section 8, by means of the which the finished pressed bale 5 is discharged, composed of the partial pressed bales 5.1 to 5.4 produced before individually, on the pallet 80. The partial pressed bales 5.1 to 5.4 are held together by the joining means 60, for example strips of plastic strapping

In Figure 8, the device 1 of Figures 6 and 7 is shown in an oblique perspective view from behind. To the right in Figure 1 is located the loading chamber 32 ’with the conveyor installation 33’ located inside. Looking to the left, the feed system 3 follows, followed by the body of the press 10. From the body of the press 10 the rear and separating wall 12, one of the side walls 13, and the wall are recognized here. crossbar 16 located at the top.

Further to the left in Figure 8, the accumulation chamber 20 is then formed, which is formed by the lower limiting element 21 and the upper limiting element 22.

The last part of the device 1 that can be seen in Figure 8 in front to the left is formed by the gravity transport section 8, which serves to place the finished pressed bale 5 on the pallet 80.

Figure 9 of the drawing shows a third embodiment of the device 1 for the production of pressed bales 5 from pieces of compressible material that can be pressed. Except for the loading chamber 32 'arranged before the feeding installation and its conveyor installation 33' provided therein, the device 1 of Figure 9 corresponds to the second embodiment described in Figures 6 to 8. As regards The design of the body of the press, of the feed system 3, of the accumulation chamber 20 and of the gravity conveyor 8, therefore refers to the above description of figures 6 to 8.

Disagreeing the embodiment described above, in the example of the device 1 according to figure 9, a conveyor belt is provided as a conveyor installation 33 in the loading chamber 32 ’, arranged before the feeding installation 3. The conveyor belt runs upwards towards the feed system 3 and ends immediately before the rotary cylinder 30 'thereof. The loading chamber 32 ’is closed at the sides and has a collapsible lid 32’ here in the upper part, which in figure 9 is shown in its open position. In this position of the lid 32 ’an operator 9 can throw the pieces of compressible material that is desired to be pressed into the loading chamber 32’.

When starting a drive not shown here of the conveyor belt that constitutes the transport installation 33 ', it transports the pieces of compressible material that have been thrown inside it to the feeding installation 3 and to the working area of its cylinder 30 'rotary. Here the pieces of compressible material are dragged by the rotating cylinder 30 ’and transported thereto into the body of the press 10, as already described in detail above.

Figure 10 shows in an enlarged detail drawing a delivery area from the conveyor installation 33 'to the feed installation 3. In the upper left part of Figure 10 the feed installation 3 can be seen with the rotating cylinder 30' . The rotating cylinder 30 ’consists of a hollow cylindrical central tube 30’ on whose outer perimeter the conveyor tines 31 ’are arranged.

Under the rotating cylinder 30 'there is a grooved conductive surface 37', made with a curved shape to approximately follow the layout of the outer perimeter of the rotating cylinder 30 ', and whose separation from the rotating cylinder 30' can be adjusted in the direction of the double arrow 37 ''. In Figure 10, the conductive surface 37 ’is represented in a position where it is as close as possible to the rotating cylinder 30’, in which case the conveyor tines 31 ’penetrate the grooves of the conductive surface 37’. This position is the one that is adopted when the feeding of pieces of compressible material to the pressing chamber that is not visible here is finished.

On the right, in figure 10, the end zone of the conveyor belt that constitutes the conveyor installation in the loading chamber 32 ', oriented towards the feeding installation 3 is recognized. The height of the horizontal line is shown here. discharge 36 'of the conveyor installation 33'. From this discharge height 36 ’, the conveyor installation 33’ delivers the pieces of compressible material that can be pressed to a material receiving area suitable for pressing 34 ’of the rotating cylinder 30’. This is where the conveyor tines 31 ’drag the pieces of material suitable for pressing when the rotating cylinder is rotating

30 ’and transport them along the conductive surface 37’ to the press chamber provided below. The discharge height 36 ’can be varied by means of vertical articulation of the discharge end of the conveyor belt in order to optimize the delivery of the pieces of material suitable for being pressed to the feeding installation 3.

During the feeding of a pressing chamber the conveyor installation 33 'continuously conveys a flow of pieces of material suitable for being pressed to the rotating cylinder 30', which continues to transport the pieces of material suitable for being pressed into the pressing chamber and in doing so It already performs a previous compaction. When the pressing chamber is full, the conveyor installation 33 'is stopped so that new pieces of material no longer transported to the rotating cylinder 30' are transported. The rotating cylinder 30 ’continues to transport for a certain time until the last pieces of material suitable for pressing have been transported along the conveyor surface 37’ to the pressing chamber.

For the continuous transport described first to fill the pressing chamber, the conductive surface 37 ′ has a greater separation from the rotating cylinder 30 ’in order to be able to transport as much material as possible for pressing. At the end of the filling process of the pressing chamber the separation between the conductive surface 37 'and the rotating cylinder 30' is reduced to transport all the remains of pieces of material suitable for being pressed from the receiving area 34 'of the rotating cylinder 30 'to the pressing chamber. The adjustment of the separation between the conductive surface 37 ’and the rotating cylinder 30’ takes place in the direction of the double arrow 37 ’. Once the residual transport is finished and there are no more pieces of material suitable for pressing in a transition zone between the feeding installation 3 and the pressing chamber, the rotating cylinder 30 'is also stopped and a Pressing process as described above.

On the side of the conveyor belt next to the feeding installation 3 there is a deflector 38 ', adapted to the curved path that it has there, which ensures that all the pieces of material suitable for being pressed fed from the conveyor belt are safely delivered from the conveyor belt to the feeding installation 3. During the adjustment of the sliding surface 37 ', a downwardly angled plate that limits the sliding surface 37' to the conveyor installation 33 ', angled approximately at right angles from the sliding surface 37 'downwards slides during the adjustment of the sliding surface 37 along a parallel tracing surface of the deflector 38', so that at all times a tight connection between the conveyor installation 33 'is ensured and the power installation 3.

As figures 6 to 9 show symbolically, the pressing direction 71 runs obliquely with respect to the vertical, forming an angle α whereby the total height of the device 1 is reduced. The longitudinal and transport direction 74 of the accumulation chamber 20 it runs perpendicular to the pressing direction 71, whereby the passage or discharge of a partial pressed bale 5.1 to 5.4 from the pressing chamber 15 to the accumulation chamber 20 is facilitated, since in this case jamming is avoided. cause of the absence of a change of address.

It is further recognized that the transport direction 74 runs with a slope inclined from top to bottom, which facilitates the transport of partial pressed bales 5.1 to 5.4 due to the assistance by the force of gravity. The gravity transport section 80 is finally inclined downwards with an even more steep angle, so that here a finished pressed bale 5 is transported without any drive means, exclusively by the force of gravity and can be placed on the pallet. 80, for which the pallet 80 is removed forward by removing it from under the gravity transport section 8, that is to say it moves to the left according to figures 6 to 9.

Reference List

Sign Designation 1 Device as a whole 10 Press body 11 Front wall 12 Rear and separating wall 12 'Hollow 13 Side walls 14 Bottom 15 Pressing chamber 16 Crossbar 16' Transverse support 17 Pressing shield 18, 18 'Mechanical drive for 17 19 Mechanical drive for 12 20 Accumulation chamber 21 Lower limiter element 22 Upper limiter element 29 Mechanical drive for 22 3 Power installation 30 Loading hole 30 'Rotating cylinder 30' 'Central tube 30' 31 Loading hatch 31 'Tines Conveyors 32 Swing axis 32 'Load chamber 32' 'Cover 32' 33 Reception surface 33 'Conveyor installation in 32' 34 Side conductive walls 34 'Reception area of material suitable for pressing 30' 35 Upper conductive wall 35 '32' bottom 36 'Discharge height 37' Grooved conductive surface 37 '' 37 '38' D adjustment device eflector 39 Mechanical drive for 31 40 Conveyor installation 41 Conveyor shield 49 Mechanical drive for 41 5 Pressed bale

5.1 -5.n Partial pressed bales 50 Pieces of material suitable for pressing 51 Flat faces of 5.1 -5.n 60 Joining means 71 Pressing direction of 17 74 Sense of transport of 40 and 20 8 Transport section with gravity 80 Pallet 9 Operator A, B, C Edge length 5 A, B, C / n Edge length 5.1 - 5.n Α Angle between vertical direction and 71

Claims (40)

1. Device (1) for the production of pressed bales (5) in a parallelepipedic manner with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C, based on pieces of compressible material suitable for pressing (50) presenting the device (1) a press body (10) with at least one pressing chamber (15) and with a pressing shield (17) that can be moved inside it in the direction of pressing (71) and backwards by a mechanical drive (18, 18 '), an accumulation chamber (15) being located next to the pressing chamber (15), the pressing chamber (15) being separated from the accumulation chamber (20) by a wall of separation (12) that can be moved between a closed position and an open position, which seen in the direction of pressing (17) forms at least one last part of a wall of the pressing chamber (15) and which in its open position leaves a gap (12 ') free, characterized in that the pressing chamber (15) has a sectional area of A x C / n, viewed in a direction perpendicular to that of the pressing (71) , n being greater than or equal to 2, because the gap that is free by the movable separation wall (12) in its open position has minimum dimensions of A x B, because the device (1) comprises a press bale conveyor installation partial (40) with a mechanical drive (49), with the installation of transport of partial pressed bales (40) presenting a direction of transport (74) that runs parallel to the C / n dimension of the pressing chamber (15), from the pressing chamber (15) through the gap (12) to the accumulation chamber (20), and because next to or after the accumulation chamber (20) is a tying device by means of which it can be applied automatically or semiautomatically a tying or zunchado (6 0) or an envelope that runs parallel to the height B and depth C of the pressed bale (5) to respectively n partial pressed bales (5.1 - 5.n) with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C / n, which gathers and holds these together to form the pressed bale (5) with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C.

2.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the accumulation chamber (20) is provided with limiting elements (21, 22).

3.

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the limiting elements (21, 22) are only provided in an arrangement that acts parallel to the pressing direction (71).

Four.

Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one of the limiting elements (21, 22) is adjustable.

5.

Device according to claim 6, characterized in that a mechanical drive (29) is provided for the adjustment of the limiting element (21, 22).

6.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the separation wall (12) located between the pressing chamber (15) and the accumulation chamber (20) can be adjusted along its entire length.

7.

Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the separation wall (12) can be adjusted in a direction parallel to the pressing direction (71).

8.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separation wall (12) between the pressing chamber (15) and the accumulation chamber (20) constitutes a rear wall (12) of the pressing chamber (15) .

9.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the accumulation chamber (20) has a movement stop for a first partial pressed bale (5.1) that is in the accumulation chamber (20).

10.

Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the movement stop is adjustable or removable.

eleven.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pressing shield (17) and its mechanical drive (18, 18 ') are made to carry out a complete stroke, that is to say, for a stroke that reaches up to immediately before the bottom ( 14) of the pressing chamber (15).

12.

Pressing device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a loading hatch (31) forming a part of one of the walls (11 -13) of a pressurized part is located on an upper part of the press body (10). the pressing chamber (15), which can be folded around the horizontal axis (32) and which in an apposition

open leaves a loading gap (30) free of the pressing chamber (15), and in a closed position closes the loading gap (30).

13.

Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the axle (32) of the loading hatch (31) passes through the lower part thereof, because the loading hatch (31) is located in its open position in a horizontal plane and because a flat face facing upward of the open loading flap (31) forms a positioning surface (33) for the pieces of material suitable for pressing (50).

14.

Device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the loading hatch (31) can be folded down by means of a mechanical drive (39).

fifteen.

Device according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the loading hatch (31) is located on one side of the body of the press (10) opposite the accumulation chamber (20).

16.

Device according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that on the sides of the loading hatch

(31) there are conductive walls (34) that can be folded down with that or that laterally adjacent to the loading hatch (31) there are fixed conductive walls (34) in the body of the press (10), limiting the conductive walls (34) laterally the receiving surface (33).

17.

Device according to claim 16, characterized in that an upper conductive wall (35) whose vertical distance to the loading hatch (31) can be adjusted above the loading flap (31) is arranged on the body of a press (10) between an open position that allows the pieces of material suitable for pressing (50) to be placed on the receiving surface (33) of the open loading flap (31), and a closed position covering the receiving surface (33) of the loading hatch (31) open and that is lowered to the closed position.

18.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the / each mechanical drive (18, 18 ′, 19, 29, 39, 49) are each formed by at least one hydraulic cylinder.

19.

Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the at least one hydraulic cylinder constituting the mechanical drive (18, 18 ') for the displacement of the pressing shield (17) is arranged, in the body of the press (10) above or laterally next to the pressing chamber (15).

twenty.

Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the mechanical drive (18, 18 ’) for moving the pressing shield (17) is formed by a pair of master-slave hydraulic cylinders.

twenty-one.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the pressing direction (71) runs in the vertical direction from top to bottom or in the horizontal direction and in each case the transport direction (74) runs perpendicular to that in the horizontal direction and in the direction of the edges of the partial pressed bales (5.1-5n) of a length of edges C / n.

22

Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the pressing chamber (15) has a longitudinal direction of vertical tracing and the pressing direction (71) runs parallel to the longitudinal direction, vertically from top to bottom, and because The accumulation chamber (20) is located at a suitable height with respect to a lower area of the pressing chamber (15).

2. 3.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the pressing chamber (15) has a longitudinal direction that runs vertically and the pressing direction (71) runs parallel to the longitudinal direction, vertically from the bottom up and because the accumulation chamber (20) is arranged at a suitable height with respect to an upper area of the pressing chamber (15),

24.

Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the pressing chamber (15) has a longitudinal direction that runs inclined with respect to the vertical direction and the pressing direction (71) runs parallel to the longitudinal direction, obliquely from below to above and because the accumulation chamber (20) is located at the appropriate height with respect to an upper area of the pressing chamber (15), with a course inclined downwards.

25.

Device according to claim 14, characterized in that between the vertical direction and the pressing direction (71) of the pressing chamber (15) that passes obliquely with respect thereto, there is a maximum angle α of 45 °.

26.

Device according to claim 24, characterized in that the accumulation chamber (20) has a longitudinal axis that runs in the transport direction (74) and is perpendicular to the pressing direction (71) of the pressing chamber (15).

27.

Device according to claim 26, characterized in that a gravity transport section (8) for the pressed bales (5) is located next to the accumulation chamber (20).

28.

Device according to claim 27, characterized in that the gravity transport section (8) is formed by a sliding track or inclined track roller path.

29.

Device according to one of the claims 28, characterized in that it has a feeding installation (3) comprising at least one rotating cylinder (30 ') with rotation drive and provided with conveyor tines (31'), which is arranged before or in a loading bay (30) of the device (1).

30

Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the supply system (3) has a loading chamber (32 ') arranged in front of the rotating cylinder (30').

31.

Device according to claim 30, characterized in that the loading chamber (32 ') is formed by a drawer open at the top and which on its side oriented towards the loading gap (30) of the device (1) has a gap oriented towards the rotating cylinder (30 ').

32

Device according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that in the loading chamber (32 ’) there is located a conveyor installation of pieces of material suitable for pressing (33’).

33.

Device according to claim 32, characterized in that the transport installation (33 ') consists of a tilting shield or a sliding shield.

3. 4.

Device according to claim 32, characterized in that the transport installation (33 ') consists of a conveyor belt.

35

Device according to claim 34, characterized in that one end of the conveyor belt constituting the transport installation (33 ') oriented towards the feeding installation (3) can be adjusted in height in relation to the feeding installation (3) and is You can immobilize to the desired height.

36.

Procedure for the operation of a device (31) for the production of pressed bales (5) in a parallelepipedic manner with edge lengths of width A, height B and depth C based on pieces of compressible material that can be pressed (50) , the device (1) presenting a press body (10) with at least one pressing chamber (15) and with a pressing shield (17) that can be moved inside by a mechanical drive (18, 18 ' ) in the direction of pressing (71) and backwards, an accumulation chamber (15) being located next to the pressing chamber (20), the pressing chamber (15) being separated from the accumulation chamber (20) by a separating wall (12) adjustable between a closed position and an open position, which forms at least one last part of the pressing chamber (15), seen in the direction of pressing

(71) and in its open position it leaves a gap (12 '), characterized in that in the pressing chamber (15), which in the direction perpendicular to the pressing direction (71) has a sectional area of A x C / n, being n greater than or equal to 2, there are n partial pressed bales (5.1 - 5.n) in n first phases of pressing, each with a flat parallelepipedic shape with edge lengths a, b and C / n , because each of the partial pressed bales (5.1 - 5.n) formed in the pressing chamber (15) is conducted after its production through the gap (12 ') having at least the dimensions A x B, a the accumulation chamber (20) in a transport direction (74) that runs parallel to the C / n dimension of the pressing chamber (15), until in the accumulation chamber (20) there are n pressed bales attached to each other partial (5.1 -5.n) by their flat faces (51) with edge lengths A and B, and because in the accumulation chamber tion (20) the n partial pressed bales (5.1 - 5.n) are joined together respectively by placing at least one joining means (60) to form the pressed bale (5) in a parallelepipedic fashion with the lengths of edge A, B and C, the joining means (60) being conducted in a direction parallel to the edges with the lengths B and C.

37.

A method according to claim 36, wherein the device has the characteristic of claim 2, characterized in that a preload force is exerted on the partial pressed bales (21, 22) in the accumulation chamber (20). 5.1 - 5.n) that are inside and that prevent partial pressed bales (5.1 - 5.n) from expanding again.

38.

Method according to claim 36 or 37, wherein the device has the characteristics of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that by means of the transport installation (40) and its exit in the direction of transport (74) or by a wedge shape on the side of the separation wall (12) oriented towards the accumulation chamber (20) and by its displacement in the closing direction it is exerted on a last partial pressed bale n

5 (5.n) found in the accumulation chamber (20) a force that compresses each other by their flat faces (51) the n partial pressed bales (5.1 -5.n). 39. Method according to one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the device has the characteristic of claim 10, characterized in that the finished pressed bale (5) is pulled out or ejected or pushed out of or swung out of the chamber of accumulation (20), in a direction transverse to the transport direction (74) of the 10 conveyor installation (40). 40. A method according to one of claims 36 to 39, wherein the device has the characteristic of claim 11, characterized in that the finished pressed bale (5) is removed or pushed out of or ejected or swung out of the chamber of accumulation (20) in a direction oriented in the transport direction (74) of the conveyor installation (40).