ES2350819T3 - QUICK CHANGE DEVICE WITH A HYDRAULIC COUPLING FOR MEDIA MOUNTED ON A CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick change attachment comprising a hydraulic coupling for media on a piece of construction equipment. Said quick change attachment encompasses a quick-release replacement item (30) that is fastened at the equipment end and can be interlocked with an adapter plate (12) which is fixed at the tool end. The quick-release replacement item (30) is provided with a movably driven locking bolt (36) that can be inserted into an associated recess (21) of the adapter plate (12). The inventive quick change attachment further encompasses an actuation device (50, 21, 22) which cooperates with the locking bolt (6) and is used for locking/unlocking the hydraulic coupling in a direction extending perpendicular to the closing direction of the locking bolt (36). One respective coupling valve (1, 3) is disposed on the quick-release replacement item (30) and on the adapter plate (12). When pressed together, the two coupling valves (1, 3) can be brought into the flow-through state by means of a lifting movement of the actuation device (21, 22, 50). According to the invention, the actuation device is formed by the embodiment of the ends (50) of the locking bolt (36) and the corresponding opening (21, 22) of the adapter plate (12).

Description

Quick change device with a coupling hydraulic for means mounted on a construction equipment.

Background of the invention

The invention relates to a device of Quick change with a hydraulic coupling for media mounted on a construction apparatus according to the generic concept set forth in the claim 1.

The mentioned means that must be united each other by means of the hydraulic coupling, they serve, for example, for operating tools or other actuated actors of hydraulic shape However, they should not be formed necessarily by high pressure hydraulic oil; the invention It refers to all liquid and gaseous media.

From GB-PS 1 594 923 it recognizes a device according to its rapid change typology with a hydraulic coupling for front loaders. The device Quick change consists of a quick changer mounted on the front loader; by a conduit mounted on a tool, by example, a hydraulic conduit with adjustable lateral ducts; and by the adapter plate assigned to the quick changer. For him front loader hydraulic pipe coupling with the hydraulic lines of the tool, the quick changer is provided with the first coupling valves that constitute the hydraulic coupling for media that are placed in the second coupling valve of the adapter plate. The changer fast rotates around a pivoting axis until it fits in a cavity of the adapter plate. The adapter plate with the tool rises over the quick changer, using an arm Adjustable front loader. With this, the tool with plate adapter is oriented to the quick changer due to the force of gravity. Then, in a direction parallel to the pivot axis, by a quick change device interlocking mechanism, it make a fixed connection of the quick changer with the plate adapter To do this, a locking bolt parallel to the pivot axis, moves to the corresponding openings of the plate adapter

With the displacement of the closing bolt, Activate a drive device. This device of drive engages clutch valves perpendicularly with the direction of travel of the locking bolt. The device drive features a transmission element with a roller, which moves along a lever control curve of mobile stored control when the locking bolt is operated. By circulating the roller along the command curve, the joystick, against the force of a spring, exerts pressure on a male coupling valve of the exchanger Quick / front loader on the coupling valve added on the adapter / tool plate in outgoing bolt direction of closing. The quick changer coupling and also the coupling valve is performed by a movement linear.

The elaboration of this construction is very thorough, since it is composed of many pieces. This hydraulic coupling is also subject to constant breakdowns because the drive device is exposed to dirt and filth. During the operation of the front loader, the dirt enters the parts of the drive device, what which causes a rapid deterioration of it. On the other hand, the drive device could even get locked due to dirt. For example, if there are dirt particles in the female coupling valve penetrating the orifice of valve supply, once the closure has been made of means, these will be introduced into the oil circuit. Of this mode, the hydraulic groups are subjected to a load of dirt inadmissible. On the other hand, if deterioration occurs it will no longer be possible to get an exact coupling, which will be a waste of the hydraulic coupling.

Another quick change device is recognized with the characteristics of the generic concept of claim 1 from EP A 0 963 688.

There is evidence of another device with hydraulic coupling for means mounted on other equipment construction extracted from EP 0 483 232 B1. It's about the coupling of a drive system located in an auxiliary apparatus of a excavator machine or similar, with a tool. The coupling It is done in the same way as a motion interlock. For the quick changer is provided in its lower part with a first hydraulic coupling valve and is fixed to a excavator machine through a horizontal pivot shaft of a side of the excavator shaft that can rotate. Adapter plate located in front of the quick changer, a secondary valve hydraulic, is mounted on an auxiliary device, e.g. ex. on a shovel swingarm. The quick changer fits into a pivoting axis of the adapter plate and pivots on the adapter plate. On the plus side away from the adapter plate with respect to this pivoting axis, an interlocking device acts between the quick changer and the adapter plate to hold them together.

The mentioned interlocking movement of the Quick change device is represented as follows: during pivoting the quick changer to the side of the plate adapter, first a hydraulic coupling is established between the clutch valves facing each other; and then, the quick change device lockout takes place.

This then means that: the two clutch valves of the hydraulic coupling join together and are connected to each other in a waterproof manner; and, that the continuous pivoting movement that the rapid changer brings on the side of the excavator shaft with the adapter plate on the side of the equipment, finally reaches the interlocking device in the opposite position. In this way the quick changer and the adapter plate remain
nestled

However, the interlocking movement mentioned has a disadvantage. Because there is still a interlocking the quick changer during submerging of the two assigned clutch valves, there is always a radial clearance which displaces the two clutch valves of the quick coupling separately when they dive and that can damage your seat watertight. Complex steering curves and guides not shown to prevent deterioration of this type of related meetings and, above all, to ensure the hydraulic coupling operation. Another disadvantage of mentioned motion interlock is that the two valves of Clutch are facing each other unprotected. And the submerged movement of the two valves also takes place from unprotected form on the outside, so that the two valves they are exposed to a high risk of deterioration caused by the dirt and water.

Since the two clutch valves in the form of arc rotate inward, around the pivot axis mounted more section between the adapter plate and the quick changer, the guides and long capture surfaces, provided for this in the direction Upon entry, they are exposed to a high risk of deterioration.

In EP 0 602 165 B1 another device is mentioned Quick change with hydraulic pipe coupling hydraulic, in which the clutch valve coupling coordinates do not act in terms of rotating movements, but in terms of linear movements. However, with this link hydraulic mentioned the connection between the plate is made adapter and quick changer by rotating movement. But, once the quick changer and the adapter plate are joined together, then the linear connection of the clutch valves facing each other, using another interlocking element.

A drawback of this type of device Quick change with a hydraulic coupling device is that another additional linear displacement element is required to get the necessary blockage and, the connection of both valves clutch. Another drawback is that the interlocking device of the quick change system, which is placed in a diameter relatively large with capture bolt, demonstrates constantly a considerable slack, even during the interlocking This clearance causes the valves located a face each other are subject to this slack and cannot avoid a high risk of deterioration.

By plunging the two assigned clutch valves together, the two joined pieces are separated. This causes a great deterioration, and in the worst case, it can damage the together.

This type of inconvenience takes place especially when it comes to long clutch valves career. These valves demonstrate sinking depths of more than 20 mm; that reach large areas and affected by the dirt; and that they are especially sensitive to damage.

From DE 101 59 417 A1 another known quick change device with a docking device hydraulic for media. In this, the realization of the movement is used in the sense of EP 0 483 232 B1, but which is provided in the last part of the rotating movement a linear / straight guide. In First, this avoids the inconvenience of the rotating movement arc-shaped, especially that the clutch valves that are going to submerge are subject to a strong deterioration.

However, the drawback of this hydraulic coupling is that, due to the linear realization employed, a considerably large guide length is required. What constitutes large areas affected by dirt, so which is a problem of consequent deterioration. With a use repeated, the guide surfaces break and cause the valves of inner clutch that are going to plunge keep a slack, what It causes damage to the joints.

Due to the long depths of submerged they can even cause breaks in the guide surfaces, when these are subject to unexpected movements of the songs, bumps and dirt.

The invention aims to create, from according to the generic concept set forth in claim 1, a quick change device with a docking device hydraulic for means mounted on an auxiliary or similar device that continually be protected against dirt and that the hydraulic coupling, which is sensitive to deterioration and clearances, Be assured.

This task is solved by characteristic cited in claim 1 in relation to its generic concept features.

The fundamental intention of this invention is that the drive device for a hydraulic coupling in the area of the end of the locking bolt and the cavity can be integrate into the adapter plate, simply getting a considerably more compact and protected construction for damage during operation. According to the invention, the drive device is formed by the formation of the Bolt end and corresponding plate opening adapter

Especially, at the free rotating end of the Quick changer and adapter plate are respectively a coupling valve of a valve block that sets the hydraulic coupling

For this reason, the locking bolt offers preferably a conical limb which, during the insertion of the adapter plate in the cavity appropriate to its shape, originates the translation movement of the clutch valves one above the other.

According to a form of execution of the invention, the connection between the quick changer and the plate adapter is formed by a unilateral rotating bearing, in whose distal end of the locking bolt fits into the cavity of the adapter plate perpendicularly towards the pivoting axis of this rotating bearing

Above all, before the creation of the passage of means in both valves, it was locked in the two clutch valves of the quick changer, a partial bevel gear of the locking bolt on the adapter plate. And in this state the two connection surfaces of the valves of the hermetic clutch With which there is still no step of liquids A fundamental feature of the invention is that joint clutch valves somewhat form a movement interlocking; and the lower clutch valve exterior is placed behind the end of the adapter plate of a tool that must be attached to an excavator bar and similar, while the other upper valve, located in front, is connected to the external rotating end of the changer fast, which is the one that is connected to the excavator bar. A movable locking bolt is mounted on the quick changer, which has a conical limb. In locked state this fits in a conical opening of a plate closure plate adapter With one of the translation movements produced by the closing bolt, through its cone plate breakage closing, the two clutch valves are compressed and moved to the state of passage

With this technical experience this constitutes a fundamental advantage First, an interlocking is established between the adapter plate and the quick changer; and this interlocking establishes a closed connection between the changer fast side of excavator bar and adapter plate side of the tool, to get the valves centered clutch and lead to a tight intermediate position, without existing danger in this intermediate position of dirt entering sealed connection surfaces. In accordance with the invention it is now planned that the closing bolt make a small career, which will later be called a higher degree, because the Quick changer, in locked state, directs against the plate side closure to the adapter plate for an additional transfer.

This short run is transferred in the form of lifting movement to the upper coupling valve in the outer swivel end of the quick changer which, meanwhile, actuates a block of floating valves located in the valve upper coupling, which is stored in the valve Top and tensioned coupling with an elastomeric spring.

This reduced movement of translation over the Quick changer is enough to steer the valve floating upper coupling and extended by a spring against the fixed lower coupling valve on the adapter plate and This mode, you can put both bodies of the coupling valve in open position.

Favorably, these are race valves reduced, in which only 1 to 5 mm is enough for actuate the valve.

This constitutes a fundamental advantage for the state of the art, since for the state of the art they were necessary strokes of 20 to 30 mm to carry the valve coupling from one state to the other.

Because of the use of the stroke valve reduced there is the advantage that only races can be designed you cut what conditions that only few surfaces remain affected by liquids. This also avoids inconveniences of known long stroke valves that produced by plunging the valves with this invention this avoid.

Therefore, it is important for the invention, that a positive bonding interlock be established first between the adapter plate and the quick changer. And also, in concept of A long run of this interlocking. Even if it has already been established a positive interlocking union, you still have to establish, through the short route of the state of valve coupling.

To cite a numerical example, the rapid changer, in the direction of its rotational movement on the adapter plate with the interlocking already established, still carries out an upper stroke of, for example, 6 mm in length. These 6 mm stroke are transformed into 3 mm clearance compensation in the stored floating valve block, plus a 3 mm opening travel of the valve block fixed in the direction of the lower clutch valve
fixed.

For the realization of the union block positive described, the object that has its origin in the same patent holder EP 0 569 026 A1. Full content of the aforementioned discovery must have been covered by this invention.

The development according to the invention of interlocking in the quick change device has the advantage of that during the locking procedure, the closing bolts exert a support function in the upper half of the surface of Conical area wrap. And the oblique tension surface of The closing plate is directed to the oblique tension surface of the closing plate, so that when starting the procedure of closing, a multiaxial insurance of the adapter and work apparatus.

During the coupling procedure, the Quick changer is pressed forward against the axis of coupling And, through open space preferably elliptical, which has formed between the locking bolt and the openings Conical closing plate, it has been guaranteed that the bolts of closure are permanently postponed, that is, they can be moved in the closed position. Locking bolts subjected under initial tension, especially elastic initial tension, assume with It a low voltage function. Therefore, through the claw intake installation on the coupling shaft, it originates a surface compression between oblique surfaces mentioned above.

In case tolerances originate, caused by the deterioration, these will have to be compensated by trying that the spring-covered closing bolts continue to be deferred to the clearance of the openings of the closure plate. Through the centering organs placed on the side, pins cylindrical, a previous centering is reached when the changer descends fast to the adapter plate assigned to the work apparatus. With what which, not only facilitates the closing procedure nor decreases the risk of deterioration due to the decentralization between Quick changer and adapter plate, but also enables a free change of instruction of work teams.

The clutch shaft drive of interlocking device can be performed mechanically or hydraulically Whereupon, in the form of mechanical execution this it is done by means of a lever mechanism articulated with interlocking on neutral and, in the form of execution hydraulic, the articulation of the closing bolts is made through an oscillating pressure compensation bridge and a hydraulic cylinder

More advantages and possibilities of using the The present invention results from the following description together with the drawing that represents a mode of execution.

In the description, in the claims, of summary and in the figure, the concepts that are used included in the following list and assigned numbers of reference. They show:

Figure 1 a sectional view of a device interlocking the quick changer after the invention in open position;

Figure 2 a sectional view of the device interlocking of figure 1 in closed position;

Figure 3 an enlarged sectional view of the interlocked device in closed position prior to establishment of the passage of means;

Figure 4 an enlarged partial presentation of the figure 3;

Figure 5 the enlarged partial presentation of the figure 4 in the step during the upper run effort of the interlocking device, and

figure 6 the side view of the device of the figure 5 in the direction where arrow VI in the figure indicates 5.

A device of Quick change with reference number 10. This contains a 30 quick changer and 12 adapter plate. The quick changer 30 is fixed on an articulated arm that is not represented and in an earthmoving machine, which is also not represented in the figure. Adapter plate 12 is added and connected staring at a work team that is not represented either.

The adapter plate 12 is formed by a base plate 14, which at one end has a closure plate 16 welded and, at the other end, a pivot shaft / shaft welded coupling, by means of a fixing flange 17. The plate closure 16 has a tensioning surface 20 directed to the side of the coupling shaft This surface is inclined from 3 to 35 degrees, preferably 5 to 15 degrees, to a surface horizontal of the adapter plate 12.

The closing plate 16 is provided in addition to two conical openings 21 and 22, placed away from each other and in the cross section. The degree of the truncated cone angle of conical openings 21, 22, limited by conical surfaces are measured respectively and, in the execution example represented, are from 5 to 15 degrees.

These conical surfaces covering 360 degrees of conical openings 21 and 22 are located at the same distance with respect to two centers, so that there are respectively two conical surfaces, of which, in relation with the lower conical surface of figure 1, against what imagined, the upper conical surface has a truncated cone complete to complete the conical surface and a bearing set What remains to be described.

Quick changer 30 of almost rectangular shape it presents in each of its lateral surfaces a claw of intake 31, which in the collected state, see figure 2, surround the axis coupling 19. The front surface of the quick changer 30 which is located between the claws of admission 31, becomes a stirrup surface 32 shaped like a cylinder liner. This surface, as also shown in figure 2, is shown supported in a collected state to the cylinder lining surface of the coupling shaft 19. The front part 34 away is inclined 3 to 35 degrees, preferably 5 to 15 degrees, compared to the horizontal corresponding tensioning surface 20 of the plate closure 16 and also has two openings 35, by which it can pass a longitudinally operated locking bolt 36 in the quick changer 30.

Each locking bolt 36 has a spring 38 placed in a blind hole 37, which rests with its free end in a spring support 39, to which the front part of an angular lever 41. The angular lever 41 is articulated, by means of a connecting bolt 42, to a change cam 43 which is fixedly attached to a change shaft 44. By means of a bolt connection 45, which through a longitudinal hole 46 reaches the end of locking bolt 36, lever-oriented arm angular 41 is flexibly connected with the locking bolt 36.

The pieces described above form a Spaniard, which through the 44 change tree powered by the movement from the stable situation shown in figure 1 to the work situation shown in figure 2, a line moves imaginary midpoint connection of the 4 4 shift shaft and the connection bolts 45, beyond the neutral position. With This occurs an interlocking.

In this way a detachment is avoided independent of extended locking bolts 36 from position closed shown in figure 2. Conical ends apart 50 of the locking bolts 36 are formed at an angle of taper from 5 to 15 degrees with a truncated cone shape. Also I know correspond to the openings 21, 22 in the closure plate 16, such and as can be seen clearly in figure 2.

With the objective of a lateral prior centering during the descent of the quick changer 30 to the adapter plate 12 of the work team, centering bodies are planned. Of the which, the centering organs that are added to the changer fast 30 are formed as cylindrical pins 52, see figure 1, which are located at the level of the front part 34 to both sides of movable locking bolts 36. The organs of centered aggregates to closure plate 16 are located in the descent route of the quick changer 30 located on surfaces oblique 51.

When the quick changer 30 is lowered to the plate adapter 12, see figure 1, fit due to surfaces inclined 51 of the quick changer 30 and with that, the bolts of Scrollable closure and therefore, focus. In this way, the coupling procedure between closure bolts 36 and openings 21, 22 is done without problem.

As a result of eccentricity, the game of the bearing S of the conical partial bottom surfaces of the openings 21, 22 in the closure plate 16, are located the conical end zones 50 of locking bolts 36 in position of grip, according to figure 2, very close to the partial surfaces conical openings 21, 22. While the surfaces conical partials of the lower zone are not close, but they are free, as shown in figure 2 with cavity S. To do this, the levels of the centers are thus organized that the connecting bolts 45 of the closing bolts 36 cut by center. The closing bolts 36 are carried in parallel with the Quick changer 30, by means of a sliding support 49 measured at respect.

In this gear position, the changer fast fits between the stirrup surface 32 of the shaft coupling 19 and tensioning surface 20 of the closure plate 16. On the front 34 of the quick changer, the bolts of closure 36 bracing quick changer 30 to the adapter plate 12, as a consequence of the movement of the closing bolt 36 of the stable situation (represented in figure 1) to the position of efficiency (represented in figure 2) as a wedge change of effective conical surfaces and form the second foothold that supports the loading of the quick change device 10, which is It is located in front of the first support point that makes up the coupling shaft 19, which encompasses the intake claws 31.

Naturally other geometric shapes of the tensioning surfaces and closing surfaces are possible, without this implying abandoning the idea of the invention. For example, instead of partial conical surfaces, they can be surfaces inclined flat for the mobile closing bodies and for their attached coupling members in the housing. Only is decisive that there is a bearing S play between the members of affected coupling and a wedge mechanism.

It is also noted that in the example of execution has been described, however, a displacement subjected to elastic-mechanical pressure of the closing bolts 36. At this point, the invention is not limited either. In other formation of the invention is provided that the actuation of the Locking bolts 36 run hydraulically or pneumatically.

It is also not necessary that the installation of interlocking with its interlocking drive be placed in the quick changer on the side of the excavator bar. In other arrangement, the interlocking drive may be arranged the side adapter plate of the tool. Figure 3 shows that a suspension 7 is attached to the adapter plate 30, which is composed of two side walls, parallel to each other and separated. On each side wall there are two housings 7, 8 arranged in a row respectively for the fitting of an intake bolt (not represented) from an excavator shaft.

After the description of the installation of interlocking of the quick change device 10, the media couplings fixed in the installation of interlocking

With this, the lower part of the valve 1 of coupling is arranged on the base plate 14 of the plate adapter 12. The coupling valve has a surface of upper connection 2, in whose area the steps are arranged media.

In an analogous way, at the rear end free and mobile quick changer 30 valve is arranged upper clutch, upper part of valve 3, which presents in its lower part a connection surface 5 with the arrangement from the place of media steps.

The upper part of the valve 3 is fixed otherwise in a stirrup, which is fixed on the changer fast 30. The two parts 12, 30 of the interlocking device they are therefore in the direction of arrow 6, facing each other and they They can move. In addition, the mobile free end is fixed arranged media couplings, composed of the bottom and top of the valves. Figure 2 shows the procedure complete closing of the two clutch valves 1 and 3 with the passage of established media. For this it is important that the interlocking It has already been done in the higher race, because the limb conical 50 of the closure bolt 36 is fully collected in the conical disposed opening 21 of the closure plate.

In this case it is a route that develops extraordinary strength in transverse direction. Due to which the conical tip 50 is made well proportioned and, therefore, it enters through a long travel path in the conical opening 21. So, due to the great influence of the quick changer 30 that is produced with that, is compressed with a high tensile force against adapter plate 12 and with this, also the upper part of the valve 3 against the lower part of valve 1.

With this, when introducing the conical tip 50 of the closing bolt 36 in the conical opening 21 a force is assumed Favorable closing, although large in the coupling valves arranged 1 and 3.

In addition, the oil expansion force of High pressure flowing through the media steps is also exceeded. The expansion force is relatively high, because the oil high pressure exerts pressure on a relatively large surface in the cross sections of the valve e, try to brac the two valve connection surfaces of each other. This Expansion movement is avoided by compression force, which is achieved through the superior career of introducing the conical tip 50 in the conical opening 21. The counter support is formed by the expansion element, the support rubber 23. A through this formation, multiaxial tension is also reinforced of the interlocking device of the quick-change device 10.

Figure 3 shows other details, which are established during interlocking between adapter plate 12 and the quick changer 30, but that has not yet been established top connection career for creating a step of Clutch valve fluids 1, 3.

In figure 3 you can see that the part Bottom of valve 1 with a thread block 61 is fixed in the back of the closure plate 16 and that the top of the valve 3 is floatingly fixed to the stirrup 4, which at its time is fixed to the quick changer 30.

In addition, Figure 3 shows that during the introduction of the conical tip 50 into the conical opening 21 of the closing plate, a superior stroke movement is performed arranged in the direction of arrow 11. Through this movement, the two clutch valves 1 and 3 arranged reciprocally move one in front of the other and move to the step position.

Figure 4 shows an enlarged representation of Figure 3, in which the two clutch valves 1 and 3 in the area of its connection surfaces 2 and 5 are located one above of the other hermetically, but which, however, still does not have Place no media step.

Figure 4 shows how in the area of tensioning surfaces 20 there is still a minimum clearance between the adapter plate 12 and quick changer 30. And, in addition, both clutch valves 1 and 3 are located one above the other practically waterproofed without play by means of a gasket flange 13. Only when the depth of introduction 15 is exceeded is performs the opening of the side valve.

Therefore, no additional input inclination, box or other introducing element is required, because only the longitudinal guides of the quick changer 30 on the tensioning surfaces 20 of the closing plate 16 are sufficient to enable a closed and unintended entry. play and centering of the added clutch valves
1 and 3

Otherwise it is represented that the bottom of the valve 1 is fixed, by means of adjustable plates 57, in the back of the closure plate 16. These adjustable plates 57 serve for the exact and adapted assembly of the lower part of valve 1.

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For example, when the coupling shaft 19 or the bearing surface 32 is welded on the quick changer 30, the top 3 with stirrup 4 continues moving towards the left. Then the adjustable plate 57 is removed, bringing the bottom of the complete valve 1 also moves towards the left and fixed with screws back to the closing plate 16.

This way a weld of all is compensated the interlocking device and the clutch valves are permanently focused on each other.

The floating support is shown below. from the top of the valve 3.

The upper part of the valve 3 is housed floating in the direction of the closing movement of the arrow direction 11. To do this, it has been arranged on each valve, in a cavity in stirrup 4, a guide screw whose end of the Bolt side is attached with a rotating part 24.

The end of the bolt side of the screw guide 25 is screwed to a threaded housing arranged in the valve block 60 from the top of the valve 3.

Floating storage from the top of the valve 3 in the stirrup is distinguished primarily by a lateral clearance distance 28, as seen in Figure 4.

The lower part of the rotating part 24 is resting on a seat 26 in the area of the cavity in the stirrup Four.

A pressure device is provided for the valve block 60, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is formed by a spring of elastomer spring with its end from the bottom of the stirrup 4 press and with its other end floating: it rests on the upper surface of the valve block 60

The use of this spring rubber 23 has the advantage that dirt penetration in the part is avoided upper valve block 3; and also the top of the complete valve 3 is kept floating in perpendicular to the guide screw 25.

When this description refers to "a" guide screw 25, only one is also described single media guide composed of a valve top and by a lower part of valves 1 and 3. It is understandable in itself that with a lot of media steps arranged next to each other of others, there is such a floating storage with a corresponding guide screw 25. All media steps are arranged in a row on top of the longitudinal valve 3 and the outgoing valve block from the top of the valve 3 full is housed floatingly. This prolongs the expansion element over the total length of the upper part of valve 3 and is formed as a concave body.

On the other hand, the spring rubber 23 of the expansion element is prestressed by fixing the corresponding guide screw 25. In addition, it has a shape circular, so that its front parts also press leaning and focusing on the entire surface of the top from valvule. For all this, the top of the valve 3 by full stays floating in parallel and centered on the part bottom of stirrup 4.

In the valve block 60 at the top of the valve 3 a screw housing 54 is screwed on, in whose inside is placed a valve disc 29 under pressure scrollable elastic. The conical surface of the valve disc 29 is tightly compressed on a sealed surface 33 in the screw housing 54. The screw housing 54 leads to a oil splice 56.

It is now important that the lower part of the screw housing 54 forms a spout-shaped shoulder 18 in the direction of axial movement outgoing towards the cross-section. In this area there is a flange gasket 13. As a double sealing system, behind the shoulder 18 there is an emergency gasket 59 inlet at another peak, so that in case of failure of the first flange gasket 13, it comes into operation emergency flange
59.

The position shown in Figure 4 is a state of gasket, with which the hermetic flange gasket 13 is located above the top of the valve housing 47 in the bottom of the valve 1.

At the bottom of the valve 1 there are placed a rigid valve disc 40, which is supported with its conical watertight surface over an aggregate watertight surface 48 in the moveable valve housing formed 47.

The valve housing 47 floating and subjected Elastic pressure is stored in the housing to screw 53 at the bottom of the valve 1. With the spring drawn, extends in axial direction of travel.

Thus, the valve housing 47 is keeps this spring in final position against the surface sealing of the flange gasket 13 at the top of the valve 3. The upper part of valve 1 has the connection of the oil 55.

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As can be seen in this description, so only the two connection surfaces 2, 5 of the two valves remain of clutch 1, 3 hermetic one on the other, without there being no passage of media through the oil joints 55, 56.

This media stream opens once the tapered end 50 of locking bolt 36 is inserted completely in the conical openings 21 of the closure plate 16 in the depth of introduction 15 and also the quick changer 30 has moved down in the direction of arrow 11. Then, for example, a 3 mm travel is made.

The complete upper path that is carried out between the quick changer and the 6 mm adapter plate causes then, according to figure 5, that p. ex. by a length of 3mm travel, floating valve block storage 60 at the top of valve 3 rise to stirrup 4. The valve block 60, under the overcoming of the elastic force of the spring rubber 23 is pressed down against the part bottom of the valve 1, whereby the rotating part 24 is detaches from its seat 26 and at the same time, the distance of clearance 27 between the top of the valve 3 and the stirrup 4. In this way, the spring rubber 23 of the element of elastomeric firing under a large recovery force. With this is ensured that the axial preceding shoulder 18 is permanently centered accurately and facing the housing floating valve 47 from the bottom of valve 1 and the scope.

If the upper course is exceeded again in arrow direction 11 the upper housing will collide to screw 54 with its shoulder 18 against the floating housing of the valve 47 at the bottom of valve 1. And, by another travel of p. ex. 3 mm, will lift the surface gasket airtight 48 of the valve disc 40, bringing the oil passage it will be released by the bottom of the valve 1. At the same time, it will detaches the disc from valve 29 from its conical sealed surface 33, which also releases the oil flow of the part upper valve 3. This way you get a step of oil between oil joints 55 and 56. High data here indicated for a travel of more than 6 mm should be understood as An example. In no way, this numerical data should be limited to the scope of protection of the invention. The top 6 tour mm according to this numerical example is distributed in a partial path 3 mm for lifting floating storage in the part upper valve 3 and in another 3 mm partial travel for the exceeding the depth of introduction 15 in order to valve drive.

Otherwise it is not necessary for dissolution, that the seat 58 be made free of gaps, that is, that the upper part of the valve 3 is located directly on the part bottom of the stirrup 4. In the seating area 58 you can also having provided an axial clearance, because it is possible that the force of spring rubber tension 23 is adjusted so strong that the expansion force of the spring rubber is enough to open the passage media.

It is important that when comparing figures 4 and 5 check that by simply pressing the conical tip 50 of the locking bolt 36, travel between stirrup 4, the valve block 60 at the top of the valve 3 and, the bottom of the fixed valve 1. For the first time, with the interlocking of an automatic switching device 10 is used an attained and additional career, a superior career for the activation of short stroke valves 1 and 3 for coupling media.

With an extraordinary compression force high the upper part of the floating stored valve is pressed 3 against the bottom of the fixed valve 1. For this media coupling drive no more parts required additional. Above all, no means of own drive or any means of valve movement to establish the passage of means between valves 1 and 3, since for this, only the upper stroke of the device is used of closing for the creation of the passage of means.

An advantage of this measure is that it can be subsequently mount a media passage in a device usual quick coupling, which is not possible without another device for other media steps.

Due to the last use of valves long run as described above in the prior art, in the state of the art there is a drawback: the surfaces guide and the other sliding surfaces are exposed to large dirt, because they form large areas and constitute large guide tracks.

This avoids the invention, because a relatively short upper stroke using the device interlocking in the media coupling. And, through the use of short stroke valves, the step of media with high closing force and with the greatest precision.

With the use of short stroke valves there are small surfaces, which keep only very little dirt, with what that the risk of dirt entering the circuit disappears of oil during step creation. It may also have provided an auxiliary cleaning device that cleans dry or wet the connecting surfaces 2 and 5 of the upper and lower part of the valves before the passage of media between the clutch valves 1 and 3. Such a device can work with a high pressure liquid dispenser windshield washer or with a gas under pressure; and / or mechanical cleaning provided with a scourer or a scraper element.

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In figure 6 you can see that only one screw guide (shown in figure 5) is placed in a row to get a completely safe and focused part transfer upper valve 3, prolonged and floatingly supported over the entire length of the valve block.

It is preferable for this to be used for each coupling valve an own guide screw 25, as represents with oil joints 55 and 56 arranged in parallel. In the same way it is extracted from the representation of the figure 6 than the spring rubber described above 23, seen from Above is something oval like a hollow rubber and is quite thick, to enable a high elastic force for the upper part of the extended floating valve 3, over the complete elastic stroke towards the bottom of the valve 1.

Reference list

one

Bottom of the valve

2

Connection surface (bottom)

3

Upper part of the valve

4

Stapes

5

Connection surface (upper)

6

Arrow direction

7

Suspension

8

Admission Zone

9

Admission

10

Arrow direction

eleven

Arrow direction

12

Adapter plate

13

Flange gasket

14

Motherboard

fifteen

Introduction Depth

16

Closing plate

17

Fixing flange

18

Outgoing

19

Coupling shaft

twenty

20 'tensioning surface

twenty-one

Conical opening

22

Conical opening

2. 3

Spring rubber

24

Rotating part

25

Guide screw

26

Seat

27

Clearance distance

28

Clearance distance

29

Valve disc

30

Adapter housing

31

Admission claw

32

Bearing surface

33

Waterproof surface

3. 4

Front part

35

Opening

36

Locking bolt

37

Blind drill

38

Spring

39

Spring stand

40

Valve Disc (rigid)

41

Angle lever

42

Connection bolt

43

Shift cam

44

Change tree

Four. Five

Connection bolt

46

Longitudinal hole

47

Valve housing

48

Waterproof surface

49

Sliding support

fifty

Conical tip

51

Inclined surface

52

Cylindrical pin

53

Screw housing (bottom)

54

Screw housing (upper)

55

Oil splice

56

Oil splice

57

Adjustable plate

58

Seat

59

Emergency board

60

Valve block

61

Thread block

Claims (11)

1. Quick-change device that includes a hydraulic coupling mechanism for means mounted on construction equipment, which is formed by a quick-change device mounted on the equipment and can be locked with an adapter plate (12) supplied with the tool , whose quick-change device (30) includes a sliding lock bolt (36) that can be arranged for the corresponding cavity (21) in the adapter plate (12), with an actuating device (50, 21, 22) that interacts with the closing bolt (36) for closing / opening the hydraulic coupling in the direction perpendicular to the closing direction of the closing bolt (36), on the quick-change device (30) and on the adapter plate (12), respectively, there is a coupling valve (1, 3), both valves (1, 3) can be compressed against each other through a movement of movement of the actuator (50, 21, 22 ) to allow a passage state, characterized in that the drive device is formed through the specific design of the ends (50) of the closing bolt (36) and the corresponding opening (21, 22) of the adapter plate (12 ), that respectively, on the rotating free end of the quick-change device (30) and on the adapter plate (12) is a coupling valve (1, 3) of a group of valves whose function is to obtain the hydraulic coupling, and that the displacement movement mentioned above results in the stirrup (4) at the rotating end of the quick-change device (30) driving a floating mobile valve block (60) located inside the upper coupling valve (3), the valve group is mounted (60) on the upper coupling valve (3) under preload of an elastomeric pressure element (spring rubber 23). 2. Quick-change device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking bolt (36) has a conical end (50) which, when connected to the corresponding cavity (21, 22) of the adapter plate (12) it will cause the coupling valves (1, 3) to move towards each other. 3. Quick change device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection between the quick change device (30) and the adapter plate (12) consists of a unilateral rotating bearing (19, 30, 31), at the end distal of which, the closing bolt (36) is fitted with the cavity (21, 22) of the adapter plate (12), in a direction perpendicular to the rotating axis of this rotating bearing (19, 30, 31). 4. Quick coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coupling valves (1, 3) are in the form of short stroke valves, with an opening / closing ratio of between 1 mm and 8 mm. 5. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower coupling valve (1) is mounted on the back of the closing plate (16) by means of adjustment plates (57). 6. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper coupling valve (3) is arranged in the closing direction according to the arrow (11), is topped by a guide screw for each coupling valve ( 3) and which is located in a cavity in the stirrup (4), with the screw end facing the bolt side connecting to a rotating part (24) that rests on the cavity, the guide screw end (25) oriented towards the bolt it is screwed into a threaded bore in the valve block (60) of the aforementioned upper coupling valve (3) with axial play and a lateral distance (28). 7. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a screw housing (54) firmly screwed to the valve block (60) of the upper coupling valve (3) and which inside the screw housing is a valve disc (29) is provided and subjected to elastic-mechanical pressure, with the conical surface of the valve disc (29) pressing a sealed surface (33) inside the screw housing for sealing, tightening this housing to screw (54) into an upper oil connection (56). 8. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the lower part of the box for screwing (54) there is a projection (18) protruding in the axial direction of movement and protrusion in cross-section, with a joint flange (13) arranged in the area, said projection (18) forms the actuator for the lower coupling valve (1). 9. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the lower coupling valve (1) there is a rigid valve disc (40) whose sealed conical surface exerts a tight sealing pressure on an assigned sealing surface ( 48) in the valve housing, slidably mounted (47), the box is subjected to elastic-mechanical pressure and slidably mounted in a screw housing (53) of the lower coupling valve (1). 10. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage of means is open when the conical end (50) of the closing bolt (36) is fully inserted into the cavity - a conical opening (21) - of the adapter plate (12), thus attracts the quick change device (30) against the adapter plate (12) with this displacement movement. 11. Quick coupling device of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to obtain a passage of means, the movement of movement will eliminate the floating housing of the valve block (60) on the upper coupling valve (3) in the stirrup (4), and the valve block (60) will cope with the pressure of the elastic rubber and will be pressed down against the lower coupling valve (1), with the protrusion of the housing screwed (54) adjacent to the sliding housing of the valve (47) in the lower coupling valve (1) and canceling the sealing action on the watertight surface (48) of the valve disc (40), thus allowing the passage of oil through the coupling valve bottom (1) and, at the same time causing the disc valve (29) to take off its conical surface, thus allowing oil flow to the upper coupling valve (3).