ES2344884B1

ES2344884B1 - PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF INSULATING PLATES AND INSULATING PLATE OBTAINED.

Info

Publication number: ES2344884B1
Application number: ES201030507A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Alejandro Barreras Perez
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-04-07
Filing date: 2010-04-07
Publication date: 2011-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-07
Also published as: ES2344884A1

Abstract

Procedimiento para la fabricación de placas aislantes y placa aislante obtenida.Plate manufacturing procedure insulators and insulating plate obtained.

El procedimiento consiste en introducir dentro de un molde, con la configuración de la placa aislante que se pretende obtener, pinocha triturada procedente de la mazorca del maíz desgranado y látex diluido, en una proporción variable dependiendo de las aplicaciones especificas que se le vaya a requerir a la placa aislante obtenida. La mezcla de pinocha triturada y látex se realiza en un molde asociado a una fuente de calor para el secado y el posterior desmoldeado de la placa, pudiendo estar destinada ésta a sonorización, a insonorización, aislamiento térmico y a protección, dependiendo del grado de trituración grueso de la pinocha, de la proporción en el diluido de látex en agua, en incluso el que la placa pueda resultar con canales y/o vacíos internos, para constituir en estos últimos casos una placa de aislamiento térmico y/o de protección contra golpes, respectivamente.The procedure consists of introducing into of a mold, with the configuration of the insulating plate that intends to obtain crushed pine from the cob of the shelled corn and diluted latex, in a variable proportion depending on the specific applications that are going to require the insulating plate obtained. The Pinocha Mix Crushed and latex is done in a mold associated with a source of heat for drying and subsequent unmolding of the plate, it may be intended for sound, soundproofing, thermal insulation and protection, depending on the degree of coarse crushing of the pinocha, of the proportion in the diluted of latex in water, even where the plate can result with channels and / or internal gaps, to constitute in these last cases a thermal insulation and / or shock protection plate, respectively.

Description

Object of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento para la fabricación de placas aislantes, basándose en la utilización como materia prima de la pinocha como corazón de la mazorca de maíz, que se mezcla con látex diluido para conseguir, en el molde correspondiente, una placa aislante para distintos fines.The present invention relates to a procedure for the manufacture of insulating plates, based on the use as raw material of the pinocha as the heart of the corncob, which is mixed with diluted latex to get, in the corresponding mold, an insulating plate for different purposes.

La utilización de la pinocha de la mazorca de maíz como materia prima supone una reducción de costes en la fabricación de placas aislantes, así como posibilidad de utilizarse como material de desecho para distintos usos, al ser la pinocha un producto biodegradable.The use of the pineapple on the cob maize as raw material supposes a reduction of costs in the manufacture of insulating plates, as well as the possibility of being used as waste material for different uses, being the pinocha a biodegradable product

Es igualmente objeto de la invención la placa aislante obtenida en base al procedimiento de la invención, que puede materializarse de muy distintas formas o tipos, para su utilización o diferentes tipos de aplicaciones.The plate is also an object of the invention. insulation obtained based on the process of the invention, which it can materialize in very different ways or types, for its use or different types of applications.

Background of the invention

La recolecta del maíz se efectúa mediante máquinas cosechadoras, produciéndose el desgranado de la mazorca, y separación del grano de maíz de la pinocha como corazón de la mazorca, siendo dicha pinocha junto con el resto del producto que no sea grano, desechado, para quedar en el terreno, aunque a veces se recoge para ser triturado y poderlo utilizar, por ejemplo, como material combustible, pero siempre con una minimización de uso y sin aprovechamiento apropiado de dicha pinocha.Corn is collected by harvesting machines, producing the shelling of the cob, and separation of the corn grain from the pinocha as the heart of the cob, said pinocha being along with the rest of the product that does not be grain, discarded, to remain on the ground, although sometimes collects to be crushed and can be used, for example, as combustible material, but always with a minimization of use and without appropriate use of said pinocha.

Por otro lado, las placas aislantes en la actualidad se fabrican a base de materiales sintéticos de naturaleza plástica, los cuales son altamente contaminantes puesto que tardan cientos e incluso miles de años en degradarse.On the other hand, the insulating plates in the Today they are manufactured based on synthetic materials of nature plastic, which are highly polluting since they take hundreds and even thousands of years to degrade.

Description of the invention

El procedimiento que se preconiza está previsto para la fabricación de placas aislantes, basándose en la utilización, como materia prima, de la pinocha del maíz, mezclada con látex mas o menos diluido, de manera que la pinocha sometida a un tratamiento conveniente de secado, y mezclada con el látex, permite obtener placas aislantes en los correspondientes moldes, que son mas económicas que las convencionales, biodegradables y por lo tanto no contaminantes, permitiendo además reciclar la pinocha que hasta la fecha normalmente era desechada en el campo.The procedure that is recommended is planned for the manufacture of insulating plates, based on the use, as raw material, of corn pineapple, mixed with latex more or less diluted, so that the pine tree subjected to a convenient drying treatment, and mixed with the latex, allows to obtain insulating plates in the corresponding molds, which they are cheaper than conventional, biodegradable and so both non-polluting, also allowing the pineapple to be recycled To date it was normally discarded in the field.

Evidentemente, las pinochas, tras su secado, serán sometidas a un proceso de troceado o molido, con una u otra granulometría, dependiendo de la función del tipo de placa a obtener, es decir de la aplicación practica prevista para la misma, bien pudiéndose utilizar como barrera térmica, como barrera acústica, etc., es decir poderse obtener una placa aislante destinada a sonorización, o bien obtener una placa aislante destinada a insonorización, incluida la placa aislante obtenida como aislamiento térmico o bien como placa aislante destinada como mero elemento de protección.Obviously, the pinochas, after drying, will be subjected to a process of slicing or grinding, with one or the other granulometry, depending on the function of the type of plate a obtain, that is to say from the practical application planned for it, well being able to be used as a thermal barrier, as a barrier acoustics, etc., that is to say that an insulating plate can be obtained intended for sound, or get an insulating plate intended for soundproofing, including the insulating plate obtained as thermal insulation or as an insulating plate intended as a mere protection element

Por consiguiente, el procedimiento de la invención consiste en llevar a cabo un triturado de la pinocha resultante del desgranado de la mazorca de maíz, con un grado de trituración de mayor o menor grosor, de manera que en la siguiente fase la pinocha triturada es mezclada con látex, con mayor o menor grado de dilución, introduciéndose la mezcla o pasta resultante en el molde en base al cual se conseguirá la placa aislante pretendida, de manera que una vez llevado a cabo el moldeado se efectúa un secado rápido con una fuente de calor cercana a dicho molde, para proceder definitivamente al desmoldeado de la placa, quedando ésta apta para su comercialización.Therefore, the procedure of the invention consists in carrying out a crushing of the pinocha resulting from the shelling of the corn cob, with a degree of crushing of greater or lesser thickness, so that in the following The crushed pineapple phase is mixed with latex, with more or less degree of dilution, the resulting mixture or paste being introduced into the mold based on which the intended insulating plate will be achieved, so that once the molding is carried out a quick drying with a heat source close to said mold, to proceed definitively to unmold the plate, leaving it suitable for marketing.

La placa obtenida puede ser destinada a sonorización, en donde el grado de trituración grueso será o estará comprendido preferentemente entre 0,5 cm y 1,5 cm, y en donde el látex está diluido con agua en relación de dos partes a una, resultando una placa porosa destinada a la sonorización, para que las ondas sonoras que incidan sobre la misma se rompan y sean absorbidas.The plate obtained can be destined to live sound, where the degree of coarse crushing will be or will be preferably between 0.5 cm and 1.5 cm, and where the latex is diluted with water in relation to two parts to one, resulting in a porous plate intended for sound, so that the sound waves that hit it break and be absorbed

En el caso de que la placa aislante esté destinada a insonorización, entonces la trituración se realizará con un grueso comprendido entre 0,3 cm y 0,9 cm., en donde el látex estará diluido con agua en una relación o proporción de tres partes a una, resultando una placa menos absorbente que la anterior y utilizable, como se decía, para la insonorización.In the event that the insulating plate is intended for soundproofing, then crushing will be done with a thickness between 0.3 cm and 0.9 cm., where the latex it will be diluted with water in a ratio or proportion of three parts to one, resulting in a less absorbent plate than the previous one and Usable, as it was said, for soundproofing.

En el caso de que la placa esté prevista para su utilización como aislante térmico, entonces el grado de trituración estará igualmente comprendido entre 0,3 cm y 0,9 cm, también con tres partes de látex por una de agua, pero con la particularidad de que en este caso el molde está provisto de una serie de vacíos que no son rellenados, consiguiéndose una placa menos absorbente y con la creación interior de vacíos, lo que proporciona o da lugar a puentes térmicos, para su uso como aislante térmico.In the event that the plate is intended for use as thermal insulator, then the degree of crushing it will also be between 0.3 cm and 0.9 cm, also with three parts of latex for one of water, but with the particularity of that in this case the mold is provided with a series of voids that they are not filled, getting a less absorbent plate and with the inner creation of gaps, which provides or gives rise to thermal bridges, for use as thermal insulator.

Adicionalmente, podrá añadirse yeso a la mezcla, en orden a obtener un carácter ignífugo para el panel.Additionally, plaster may be added to the mixture, in order to obtain a flame retardant character for the panel.

Finalmente, cuando la placa está destinada como elemento de protección, el grado de trituración de la pinocha será de un grueso comprendido entre 1 cm y 2 cm, y en donde el látex no estará diluido, teniendo el molde una serie de vacíos que no son rellenados, obteniéndose en definitiva una placa de gran poder de elasticidad, destinada a la protección de zonas en las que existan posibles peligros, como son columnas de garajes, quitamiedos destinados a la red vial, parques infantiles, y en donde la creación interior de los vacíos proporciona una mayor absorción de los posible golpes, estando destinada lógicamente a la precaución y protección de espacios con un índice de aislamiento térmico.Finally, when the plate is intended as protection element, the degree of crushing of the pine will be of a thickness between 1 cm and 2 cm, and where the latex does not it will be diluted, the mold having a series of voids that are not filled, ultimately obtaining a plate of great power of elasticity, intended to protect areas where they exist possible dangers, such as garage columns, quitamiedos intended for the road network, playgrounds, and where creation interior of the voids provides greater absorption of possible blows, being logically intended for caution and space protection with an index of thermal insulation.

Description of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that then it will be done and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of that description, a set of drawings in where illustrative and not limiting, it has been represented the next:

La figura 1.- Muestra una representación de una porción de placa aislante realizada de acuerdo con el procedimiento de la invención, cuyo grano de trituración puede considerarse como de pequeño tamaño.Figure 1.- Shows a representation of a insulating plate portion made according to the procedure of the invention, whose crushing grain can be considered as Small size

La figura 2.- Muestra una vista como la de la figura anterior, en donde el grado de trituración es en este caso de mayor tamaño.Figure 2.- Shows a view like that of the previous figure, where the degree of crushing is in this case of larger size

La figura 3.- Muestra otra porción de placa, en este caso dotada de canales en correspondencia con una de las caras, y en donde el grado de trituración de la pinocha puede considerarse también como de notable tamaño.Figure 3.- Shows another plate portion, in this case with channels corresponding to one of the faces, and where the degree of crushing of the pinocha can be considered also as of remarkable size.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, la placa aislante que se obtiene en base al procedimiento de la invención, está constituida por un cuerpo (1) determinado con un conglomerado de pinocha triturada y látex diluido, observándose en la figura 1 como la granulometría correspondiente al granulado (2) de la trituración de látex es de reducido grosor, mientras que en la figura 2 puede observarse como la placa (1) presenta una granulometría (2') de mayor grosor, en lo que respecta a trituración de la pinocha, observándose en la figura 3 una placa (1) con el grano de trituración (2'') distinto a los anteriores, y afectada de unos canales (3) en correspondencia con una de sus caras, dependiendo de la aplicación especifica de la placa (1), que puede ir dotada de esos canales (3) o bien de vaciados internos, etc.As you can see in the referred figures, the insulating plate that is obtained based on the procedure of the invention, is constituted by a body (1) determined with a conglomerate of crushed pine and diluted latex, observed in Figure 1 as the granulometry corresponding to the granulate (2) of the latex crushing is of reduced thickness, while in the Figure 2 can be seen as the plate (1) presents a granulometry (2 ') of greater thickness, in terms of crushing of the pinocha, observing in figure 3 a plate (1) with the crushing grain (2 '') different from the previous ones, and affected by channels (3) in correspondence with one of its faces, depending on the specific application of the board (1), which can be equipped with these channels (3) or internal emptying, etc.

Claims

1. Procedure for the manufacture of insulating plates, which may be used as plates intended for sound, soundproofing, thermal insulation and even protection, is characterized in that it consists in mixing, on a mold, pine kernel of the corn chop , and previously dried, and latex diluted in greater or lesser proportion, depending on the practical application of the insulating plate itself.

2. Method for the manufacture of insulating plates, according to claim 1, characterized in that when a flame retardant character is intended for the plate, together with the latex, plaster is added to the mixture.

3. Method for the manufacture of insulating plates, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold into which the mixture of crushed pine and latex is introduced, is associated with a heat source to achieve a rapid drying that allows the plate to be demoulded. correspondent.

4. Method for the manufacture of insulating plates, according to previous claims, characterized in that the degree of crushing of the pinocha has a thickness between 0.5 cm and 1.5 cm, while the proportion of latex diluted in water is two to one

5. Method for the manufacture of insulating plates, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the degree of crushing of the pine has a thickness between 0.3 cm and 0.9 cm, and the latex is in a proportion of three to One regarding water.

6. Method for the manufacture of insulating plates, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the degree of crushing of the pine has a thickness between 0.3 cm and 0.9 cm, and the proportion of latex diluted in water is of three to one, the mold also being provided with voids for the creation in the thermal bridge plate.

7. Process for the manufacture of insulating plates, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the degree of crushing of the pine has a thickness between 1 cm and 2 cm, the mixture being carried out with latex without being diluted in water and presenting the mold a series of internal voids to provide the plate with shock absorption power.

8. Insulating plate, which is obtained based on the process of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is constituted by a crushed pine conglomerate from the corncob and diluted latex.

9. Insulating plate according to claim 8, characterized in that it is a porous insulating plate intended for sound.

10. Insulating plate according to claim 8, characterized in that it is an insulating plate with low absorption power.

11. Insulating plate according to claim 8, characterized in that it is an insulating plate with channels corresponding to one of its faces, establishing thermal bridges.

12. Insulating plate according to claim 8, characterized in that it is an insulating plate affected by internal voids with high shock absorption power.