ES2220169A1 - Water filled tire countering rebound and giving vehicle vertical stability includes a constant volume air chamber, with an inflator valve and a water filled tread - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydraulic wheel rim for transport, with anti-jump device, for permanent and instantaneous control of wheel re-inflation and improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle. Rim for hydraulic transport wheel with anti-jump device, made up of a rigid box with an invariable volume, O-ring shape and rectangular trapezoidal section, made up of two concentric, circular plates, the outer one constituting the rim itself, and completed with two parallel side faces, having an air chamber inside, in the form of an open ring with both ends sealed, provided with an inflation valve from the outside and having an outer rolling cover, perfectly attached to the box, which will be full of a body of water, being provided with one-way valves from the deck to the interior of the rigid box and a controller for the flow and speed of return of the water to the deck, so that when the wheel is crushed against the ground , the excess water will pass inside the box, compressing the chamber, inverting the direction of the water flow when ceasing overpressure and preventing jarring or bouncing.

Description

Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with antibiotics device, for permanent and instantaneous control of the  wheel reinforcement and improved vertical stability of the vehicle.

The present invention patent makes reference to a wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, characterized essentially because it is provided with an antibiotic device that allows you to permanently and instantly control the speed of the rehinchado, and whose application achieves an important improvement in the vertical stability of certain vehicles during its progress, described herein essential features

There are a number of vehicles, such as tractors for agricultural use, machines intended for the movement of lands and other similar, which do not incorporate any element of suspension between wheel axles and frame.

This particularity is essential in such vehicles as they must be carriers of starter instruments of land or tillage, such as shovels, plows and other similar ones, which at one end are strongly fixed to the mentioned frame and at the other end they operate on the ground; by  this, the smaller the height variations that occur between the frame and the ground, the greater the regularity and precision of the work of these instruments.

Of the various types of vehicles mentioned, those who move on pneumatic wheels, rely on really all its weight on elastic compressed air cushions, Which are the wheels themselves. The same happens with those wheels that have been partially filled with water to increase their weight total and, thereby, increase its adhesion against the ground.

This particularity has a very inconvenient important, and is that the elasticity offered by the wheel is uncontrolled this is the reason why when the wheel has just receive an overpressure because of a downward sway or when cross an obstacle, thereby increasing the surface of its base of support on the ground, reacts immediately and in a manner instant, making a sudden push, with full force expansive, which shifts the entire mass of the vehicle up, establishing with this initial acceleration an inertia in state of upward movement, with such force that it can sometimes reach to overcome gravity completely, raising the ground wheel in a boat effect causing the subsequent fall, the start of a new jump or bounce, and boosting these bounces, with the speed, reaching the vehicle much greater unevenness that the unevenness of the path that causes them.

The frequency and violence of these jumps, usually be a cause of fatigue in the operators who drive these machines, as well as the reduction of work performance, given the unavoidable need to have to reduce the speed of advance in order to mitigate the violence of jumps and rebounds.

Likewise, this situation described affects the own performance of the different components of the vehicle, subjected to unwanted shaking, for the reasons mentioned above and causing supplementary fatigue of the material.

The hydraulic wheel equipped with the object rim of the present invention, provided with a device for control of the rapidity of the rehinchado, offers a great softness during the march with respect to the pneumatic wheels used and  known to the present, by avoiding boats and consequent rebounds, since it makes inactive the principle that cause, which is the rapidity with which the cover is repainted in those pneumatic wheels.

The essential elements that give effectiveness to the practical embodiment of the invention, are the following:

to)

Rim proper, normally in its outward appearance, with regarding those that are currently made and used, suitable for fit conveniently with a rubber and fabric cover, essentially said tire characterized by having a box circular, of considerable size, fixed inside, which may be single volume or provided with sector divisions, which It can take different forms, the most appropriate being realization in the form of an O-ring, of trapezoidal section rectangular delimited by two concentric circumferences, being the largest of them the iron itself that constitutes the tire, while the smaller circumference is a tube located to the center, with length equal to the width of the rim and parallel to her.

This box or internal cavity circular, it is completed by two crown-shaped side faces circular, whose inner edges coincide with the circumference outside of the tube and at its ends, fitting the outer edge of the first crown with the side edge of the tire. The second crown, previously stamped, has a conical surface appearance in obtuse angle, and coinciding with its outer diametral edge and axially where the cylindrical profile of smaller diameter begins from inside the tire. Next to this second crown is the third, equal to the first in shape and dimensions, also located in the same place, but on the opposite side; this third crown no It has contact with the inside of the box and its purpose is to reinforce set.

All these parts, properly joined and reinforced, they form a rigid cavity and hermetic, with its own invariable volume and of a preferred value  not less than five times the volume of water to be admitted. This box or internal cavity that has been described, will be denominated in the rest of the description as "rigid cavity" or "interior of the tire ".

b)

One or more valves unidirectional passage, relief or escape, spaced symmetrically and located within the circular wall of the tire, are fixed to it by the seat ring, which has fixed on the guide bushing. These relief valves have a large water passage capacity and are arranged in the direction passing from the wheel into the rigid cavity, valves that allow the rapid exit of water from inside the wheel in the event that it suffers heavy blows, making it eliminate overpressure by this occasional relief.

However, it may be added a certain resistance to the opening of these valves, provided that the sum of this pressure with the compressed air pressure, not exceed the maximum recommended pressure for the cover.

c)

A device control, whose purpose is to control limiting the speed of displacement of water from the rigid cavity in its return to the wheel This device, without excluding any other modality, it may be, in the case described as an embodiment of the present invention, an adjustable, adjustable stopcock by a flared support, fixed to the structure by means of thymes and equipped with a threaded central stud with a wide head, capable to gradually close and open an opening that has the tire in its lateral face, the approximation of the aforementioned being adjustable head from the outside, driving said stud screwed.

d)

An air chamber, of flexible material, similar to the cameras used formerly inside the wheel covers. That camera shaped like an open ring, it has its two closed ends, welded preferably by vulcanization, so that you can easily enter inside the cavity rigid, introducing one of its ends through the opening it has said cavity for that purpose. This camera will be made of a material of sufficient resistance to perform its function, and in a way suitable to adapt properly to the interior space of the rigid cavity, losing its periphery with a belt elastic, firmly subject its ends to each other, and enhanced with Other accessories

and)

A cover of wheel, which hereafter will be called "wheel", of the usual type for operation without a camera inside.

They should be noted as features Complementary, the following elements:

to)

An opening to exterior located in a certain area of one of the faces sides of the rigid cavity, and provided with a suitable cover of closure, and that will allow the placement of the air chamber, the valves and other components inside the mentioned rigid cavity Said opening may, in certain embodiments, cover the entire lateral face of the cavity, with the purpose of allowing the placement of an air chamber so completely toric, although this will represent a detriment of the strength of the structure of the cavity itself, which should be properly compensated.

b)

A hole, which It must remain closed, once the valve It is attached to the air chamber.

c)

A valve type commonly used on cameraless wheels, which will allow the entry of water from outside to inside the cavity rigid and from there you can fill and swell the cover, passing through the controlled return passage.

d)

One tube, provided at its outer end of a tight seal, reaching the other end the space enclosing the cover and facing the highest point of its interior, which allows the arrangement inside inside of a second rigid tube of smaller diameter, whose length allows you to reach the top, to give air located on the aforementioned cover when it is being filled with water, tube that will be removed once the cover is full of Water.

This item may remain located on the side reinforced with the two crowns, in the event that allows accessibility in the vehicle and others similar circumstances.

and)

On a wall of the rigid camera, a peephole or viewfinder, consisting of a small, elongated opening radially to the wheel, and equipped with a fixed cover of transparent material, which allows observe the state of dilation or shrinkage in which it is found The air chamber.

F)

Inside of Rigid cavity is secured, by some spacers in front of the air chamber, that all spaces have free exit from water to the return valve.

g)

The possible Centrifugal imbalance will be duly compensated with the relevant counterweights.

Described the components to which it has been made reference in the previous paragraphs, the rim operation, which is based on the essential fact of that the cover or wheel attached to the mentioned tire is totally  filled with water, permanently, or other liquid identical hydraulic characteristics, for special applications concrete.

Inside the rigid cavity, during operation, two elements coexist: the air chamber, full always pressurized air, occupying almost all of the mentioned rigid cavity while the remaining space of said cavity is occupied by an extension of the same mass of water or similar liquid that contains the cover or wheel, although separated from it, but communicated with it through the unidirectional inlet valves and return passage.

When the wheel is subject to deformation by crushing against the ground, its interior space decreases, and because its water content is incompressible, a part of it becomes surplus, opening, because of the greater pressure, large unidirectional valves and penetrating the inside the rigid cavity, in all its circumference, distributing around the air chamber, especially in its periphery, which chamber yields space, thanks to its flexibility and to the fact that its content, the air, is compressible.

\hbox{vertical,}

conocida como bote.When the overweight action that pressed the wheel ceases, the translation current is reversed, and because the inlet valves are closed in this direction, the water must necessarily pass through the controlling device that limits the speed of movement of the water, thus preventing sudden wheel reinflation, an action that would be the cause that would cause an upward shake

 \ hbox {vertical,} 

known as boat.

In order to describe the different elements that have been listed before and that make up the wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, object of the present invention, some drawings are attached in which, by way of non-limiting example, a practical embodiment has been represented Of the same.

In these drawings,

Figure 1 is a side view, partially section of the tire assembly, fully assembled, with the essential exterior elements of said set.

Figure 2 is a front view of the same set, sectioned by AA to show the disposition of its interior elements

Figure 3 is a detail, on a larger scale and schematic of the constitution of the rigid cavity, showing its elements, without any such complementary device.

Figure 4 is a schematic, side view, of the air chamber.

Figure 5 is a larger scale detail of the adjustable stopcock, which controls the passage of water between the rigid cavity and wheel.

Figure 6 is a detail, in section, of the rim assembly, according to figure 2, at a time when the cover begins to yield when bumping into the sudden elevation of floor at the exit of a pothole, causing an escape of water that Open the relief valve.

Figure 7 shows, in a detail identical to that of the previous figure, the crush state of the cover by having absorbed, in large part, the unevenness of the exit of the bump, also looking at the air chamber that is more compressed, and the valve that has returned to the closed position, because finished the water leak.

Finally, Figures 8, 9 and 10 show schematically the different forms that the camera acquires air, filled with air, according to the amount of water that is at its environment, whether it is due to the effect of inflation or by a deformation of the cover. Figure 9 also shows the location of the peephole or viewfinder.

According to these drawings, the tire for hydraulic transport wheel, provided with antibiotics device, It consists of the tire itself (1) and the cavity rigid, formed by the two sides (1a) and (1c) attached and fixed to the rim, and the inner cylindrical face (1b), reinforced the set with the flat face (1a), its circular edges being soldiers with the tire and the tube.

Around this set and perfectly fitted to the rim (1) is the wheel cover (2).

Inside the rim (1) the air chamber (3) closed at its ends (3a) and (3b), and the one way valves (4) that regulate the passage of the zone inside A of the wheel cover (2), filled with water, with the zone inside B of the rim (1). Said camera (3) together with others accessories, will be introduced inside the rim (1) a through the side opening (1e) that will close so totally waterproof

As seen in the drawings, the inner zone C of the chamber (3) is full of pressurized air.

The tire (1) is provided with a mouth of water inlet (5), as well as the air chamber (3) is in one air inlet (6). Filling zone A of the roof of the wheel (2) is carried out through the adjustable stopcock (7) or through a valve for this purpose.

The tire assembly (1) is conveniently fixed on the shaft drum (8), for a correct rotation, thanks to the circular plate (1d) that has.

As the drawings show, and specifically the Figure 6, at the time the hydraulic transport wheel cross a pothole (9a) or other obstacle on the ground (9) suffers a deformation of the cover (2), causing the water to push from zone A, which opens the unidirectional bypass valve (4) overcoming the resistance of its spring and passing water to the zone B of the rim (1), which also causes, consequently, the compression of the air chamber (3), compression that is performed absorbing the outer deformation of the cover (2) and, all this, without causing greater balance of the axis of the set.

According to figure 7, the wheel is observed (2) that has already risen from the bottom of the pothole (9a) and is in the upper floor plan (9) having been deformed at its base by the absorption of the steep slope, the air chamber (3) that is smaller and the one-way valve (4) is already closed, which represents the end of the compression phase and the beginning of the expansion phase. In this second phase, the camera of air (3), with its own inflation pressure plus the increase had by the absorption of the deformation of the wheel (2), it has a great expansive force that transmits to the surrounding water, but thanks to the antibiotics device, this impetuous thrust is retained and not transmitted directly to the wheel, because the The tire itself (1) is permanently interposed between Zone B subjected directly to the thrust of the air chamber (3) and the zone A inside the wheel (2), meeting the valves (4) closed by the action of their springs; in this way the wheel can continue to march low pressure, lifting slowly the vehicle while, using the step controller key of return (7), gradually recover your swelling, which will complete without too much delay, getting fit for absorb the next blow that will also be retained and will be dissolved in the same way, as described above, and so  successively, achieving a mode of operation with which wheel crashes do not entail, as a result, any boat, essential purpose of the present invention.

Unidirectional relief or exhaust valve (4) consists of the base (4a) which, in the closed position, rests fully on the seat ring (10) of the valve, ring fitted with a circular flange (10a) in a very low grid height, and that also prevents the air chamber (3) from being able to hinder the start of the valve (4). This valve is complete with the guide bushing (4b), of sufficient clearance to allow lateral displacement movements of the valve, and the spring (11) located around the axial valve stem.

From outside to zone A of the roof (2) the tube (12) facing the highest point of the inside of it, arranged to locate inside the tube (12b) of sufficient length to reach the top and enable air to escape from inside the cover (2) when the zone A is filled with water. Once full the tube (12b) will be removed. The mentioned air outlet tube (12) is closed with the outer cap (12a).

The passage of water return from the cavity rigid, zone B, to zone A of the wheel (2), is controlled and graduate using the stopcock (7). This key is formed by a flared inward support (13), preferably fixed by screws (13a) to the rim structure. The support it has the nut (14) fixed on its bottom and the threaded pin thyme (15) of wide inner head (15a) which, by approach or separation will take less or more step through the opening (16) that the tire (1) has on its side. This pin it will be fixed in position thanks to the locknut (14a) being accessible its external head from the outside to allow the convenient graduation.

The tire (1) is also provided with a peephole or viewfinder (17) that allows observation of the camera air (3) from outside.

Finally, on the side (1a) of the tire is located the opening with lid (1e) that communicates the circular box with the outside and allows to extract or place the camera (3) and others Accessories inside the rigid cavity.

Thus constituted the whole of the tire for hydraulic transport wheel, the inflation of the wheel is carried out as follows.

By placing the wheel lifted off the ground, it will inflate moderately the air chamber, then filling with water the Rigid cavity and wheel until the air chamber recoil, reach the correct position mark, printed on the sight glass or viewfinder (17).

The air chamber will then be inflated to the operating pressure, lowering the wheel and correcting, if necessary, water excess or defect; will be returned, immediately, to verify air pressure So that the peephole or viewfinder indication be more representative of the state of dilation or shrinkage of the air chamber, the viewfinder will be in horizontal position and at the wheel hub height.

Another procedure, in the absence of the referred peephole, may be: lifted the wheel and fully unloaded from pressure, the air chamber (3) will be inflated to approximately 92% of the pressure determined for the wheel, and then it will inflate the wheel with water up to 100% of the pressure that had been determined.

If the wheel has been totally or partially empty, or has had an air inlet, it will be essential to carry out the air purging; for this, the exit steps will be arranged in the upper part, then using the drain pipe (12b) the which will be removed when the wheel is completely filled and before acquiring pressure.

To empty the hydraulic assembly, the purge tubes in inverted position proceeding to introduce Pressurized air in the rigid cavity.

\hbox{hidráulico.}

Figure 8 shows the chamber (3) inside the rim (1) with an incorrect position due to lack of water volume in the whole system

 \ hbox {hydraulic.} 

\hbox{reposo.}

Figure 9 shows the chamber (3) when the wheel and its entire hydraulic assembly have the correct volume of water, framing the limits of the space that the air chamber must occupy in time of

 \ hbox {rest.} 

And Figure 10 shows the camera (3) already in work, when you just received, through the valve unidirectional (4) a large water inlet from zone A of the wheel cover (2).

Described sufficiently the object of the present invention, it should be noted that any variation in dimensions, shapes and exterior appearance, as well as types and quality of materials used in the practical realization of the aforementioned invention, nothing will alter the essentiality of it, which remains summarized in the following claims.

Claims (6)

1. Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with anti-biotics device, for the permanent and instantaneous control of wheel reinforcement and the improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle, essentially characterized by being constituted by a circular, single-volume and invariable box, optionally provided with sectoral separations, of O-shaped and rectangular trapezoidal section, said box formed by two concentric plate circumferences, the largest of which is the one that constitutes the tire itself (1) on which the cover (2) is fixed, completing with two parallel lateral faces (1a) and (1c), also of iron, with the appropriate added reinforcement, located with a third lateral face, constituting the circular box assembly as a rigid and hermetic cavity; having an opening (1e) to the outside, located on one of its lateral faces (1a), which will allow access to its interior for placement of the elements of the antibiotics device; having in addition a valve (6) of inflation of the chamber (3) that is disposed inside the box; a side tube (12) for the placement of the air purge tube (12b) during the filling of water and a sight glass (17) of the state of expansion or shrinkage of said chamber. 2. Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with antibiotics device, for the permanent and instantaneous control of the wheel reinforcement and the improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle, according to the previous claim, characterized by the special arrangement inside the box Rigid circular of an air chamber (3), of flexible material, in the form of an open ring and with its two ends (3a) and (3b) sealed, and external shape suitable to fit perfectly against the inside of the rigid circular box, said chamber having the appropriate valve (6) for its swelling with air from the outside, and also characterized by having a wheel cover (2), of the "without chamber" type, which constitutes the rolling base of the assembly, and which is perfectly attached on the outer circumference of the rigid circular box. 3. Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with antibiotics device, for the permanent and instantaneous control of the wheel reinforcement and the improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle, according to the previous claims, characterized in that, during operation, inside the rigid box will coexist the air chamber (3), always swollen with pressurized air and occupying almost all of said box, and an extension of the mass of water contained in the wheel cover (2), separated from it but communicated through unidirectional valves (4), as well as by the return steps (7), all in such a way that when the assembly is subjected to a crushing deformation against the ground (9), the surplus of incompressible water it will cause the opening of the unidirectional valves (4), occupying part of the rigid box, along its entire periphery and compressing the air chamber (5), while when the over-action stops pressure on the wheel cover (2), the water transfer current will be reversed, the return being made through the controlling device (7) of the movement movement of the water, thereby preventing sudden wheel reinflation and the consequent vertical upward shake or boat. 4. Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with antibiotics device, for the permanent and instantaneous control of the wheel reinforcement and the improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle, according to the preceding claims, characterized by being provided with one or more passage valves unidirectional (4) of relief or exhaust, of great capacity of passage and arranged in the direction of passage from the wheel cover to the inside of the rigid box, in order to allow the rapid movement of water from inside the cover of it rolls to said rigid box at the moment when it is subjected to accidental overpressure, said unidirectional valve being formed by a base (4a) that rests, in its closed position, on the seat ring (10), provided with a perimeter flange in the form of a grid (10a) protective against the obstruction of the valve by the inner chamber itself (3), being completed with a guide bushing (4b) of wide clearance, and the pressure spring, arranged around the axial stem of the valve. 5. Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with antibiotics device, for permanent and instantaneous control of wheel reinforcement and improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle, according to the previous claims, characterized by being provided with a controlling device (7) of the flow and the speed and speed of the passage of the water coming from the rigid box when returning to the wheel cover (2), consisting of an adjustable stopcock from the outside, formed by a flared support (13) properly fixed to the side of the structure of the rigid housing, and a threaded central axial stud (15), provided with a wide conical head (15a) which, by approximation, will reduce the opening of the hole (16) existing on the side of the rim, increasing the step when activating said stud in the opposite direction. 6. Wheel for hydraulic transport wheel, with antibiotics device, for permanent and instantaneous control of wheel reinforcement and improvement of the vertical stability of the vehicle, characterized in that the air inflation of the chamber (3) at the appropriate pressure of service, it will be carried out once the rigid box and the wheel cover (2) have been filled with water, after slight swelling of the chamber, by means of the peephole, the adequate control of the dilation or shrinkage of the aforementioned chamber and the drain tube (12a) being adequately arranged for the essential evacuation of the air from inside the wheel cover when it has been totally or partially emptied.