ES2291109A1 - Method for preventing or reducing aluminosilicates scale in industrial processes, involves utilizing polymers in end group containing formula, where polymers are used in industrial process that includes alkaline stream - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves utilizing polymers with less than 0.5 mole percent in the end group containing a formula. The polymers are used in an industrial process that includes an alkaline stream like the stream of milling reduction. The end group contains a formula, that is Si(OR") 3. R" : H, an alkyl group, Na, K or NH 4.

Description

Procedure for the prevention or reduction of the aluminosilicate scale in industrial processes.

Summary of the Invention

The invention describes materials and procedures for the prevention or inhibition of the formation of inlays on or in equipment used in industrial processes with alkaline process currents.

Background of the invention

The problem of inlays on and over processing equipment used in industrial processes and particularly in those who have a process stream Alkaline is very well known. Inlays pose a problem important when they accumulate on the surface of the equipment processed and cause a loss in the transfer coefficient of heat Thus, it may be necessary to supply additional heat to the evaporator equipment in these processes resulting in a cost additional.

An example of such an industrial process that has a stream of an alkaline process is the recovery process of Kraft for the manufacture of paper that has been known for 100 years and is described eloquently in numerous texts on the subject (see G.A. Smook "Handbook for Pulp and paper technologists ", 3rd edition). More recently, the development of Closed cycles in kraft paper mills have resulted in an increase in the problems of embedding in the equipment of processed due to the accumulation of aluminum and silicon in the system as described by P.N. Wannamaker and W.J. Frederick in "Application of solubility data to predicting the accumulation of aluminum and silicon in alkaline pulp mills ", Minimum Effluent Mills Symposium, 1996, p. 303. There is, therefore, a very need recognized for providing a method and compositions for the  Inhibition of aluminosilicate inlay formation in Kraft pasta factories. The US document 5,409,571 describes the use of terpolymers of maleic acid, acrylic acid and acid hypophosphorus as scale inhibitors for factories Kraft pasta This type of polymer proves to be effective against calcium carbonate inlay but not yet proved effective for inlays of aluminosilicate.

Facilities with a high level of nuclear waste (HLNW) process solid and liquid waste highly radioactive to minimize the volume of waste and freeze hazardous materials for storage for prolonged periods. The HLNW treatment is currently performs through two processes; a process is carried out in conditions acidic and the other in alkaline conditions. In conditions of alkaline processing, increased scale of sodium aluminosilicate is an important problem during the stage of pretreatment, before vitrification of waste.

Within the pretreatment facility, the residue is evaporated, filtered, subjected to phonic exchange and evaporate again. During evaporation, they can form aluminosilicate inlay on the surfaces of the Evaporator walls and heating surfaces. Further, transfer pipes can also be blocked due to the accumulation of these encrustations and precipitates, needing The closure for maintenance.

Pretreated HLNW waste passes to vitrification facilities. HLNW waste passes to a fuser preparation reactor where silica and others are added crystal formation materials. Then the mixture it is heated and the molten mixture is poured into steel containers Large stainless, cools and takes temporary storage until a location is selected for storage permanent.

In the operation of the vitrification unit, a fraction of the materials that form crystals and that contain If recycled back to the evaporator unit (during pretreatment) Dissolved aluminum, in the form of aluminate sodium, and sodium silicate species react slowly in solution to form a hydrated complex of species of sodium aluminosilicate. Among these species there are families of amorphous aluminosilicates (aluminosilicate hydrogel), zeolites, sodalites, and cancrinites, collectively known as "sodium aluminosilicate". These waste streams nuclear also contain high concentrations (up to 2 M for each ion) of nitrate and nitrite ions, and concentrations very high (up to 16 M in some sections of the tank) ion OH <->. These factors greatly increase the speed of aluminosilicate scale formation. As a result, the sodium aluminosilicate inlays formed have a Low solubility in alkaline HLNW liquid.

In addition, the inlays of are considered sodium aluminosilicate are an undesirable HLNW product due to the incorporation of lanthanides and radioactive actinides to reticular structures of aluminosilicate inlays and to the coprecipitation of sodium diurate. (Peterson, R. A. and Pierce, R. A., (2000), Sodium diuranate and sodium aluminosilicate pracipitation testing results, WSRC-TR-2000-00156, Westinghouse Savannah River Company, Aiken, SC). Therefore for HLNW installations it is desirable to minimize the volume of HLNW, including those that result from the inlays of aluminosilicate. Thus, it can be seen that, the increase in Sodium aluminosilicate inlay has an impact significantly negative operating and economic treatment of nuclear waste.

Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a solution to the problem of scale formation of sodium aluminosilicate in waste evaporators nuclear.

Attempts to solve the aforementioned problems have had limited success, see Wilmarth et al. (Wilmarth, WR, Mills, JT and Dukes, VH, (2005), Removal of silicon from high-level waste streams via ferric flocculation, Separation Sci Technol ., 40, 1-11 These authors have investigated the use of ferric nitrate to remove Si in solution in the form of a ferric precipitate, to reduce or eliminate the formation of aluminosilicate inlays, although this approach has some positive aspects , the elimination of high levels of ferric precipitate has yet to be carried out and an additional operation of the filtration unit is necessary Ademds, WR Wilmarth and JT Mills "Results of Aluminosilicate Inhibitor Testing", WSRC-TR-2001-00230 have proposed the use of low molecular weight compounds as scale inhibitors for HLNW, but they have not found any that are satisfactory.

Thus, there is a need for a procedure economical and effective for reducing the accumulation of aluminosilicate inlay in equipment used in processes industrials in which such accumulation is a problem such as example, the process of manufacturing Kraft paper pulp and in nuclear waste treatment streams.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention solves the problems previously mentioned, and others, providing materials and a process by which polymers are used which have the minus 0.5% molar of the group - -Yes (OR '') 3 (in the that R '' is H, an alkyl group, Na, K, or NH,) as a terminal group or that hangs on it to reduce or eliminate the formation of aluminosilicate inlays in a process that has a current from an alkaline process such as a pasta factory Kraft or a stream of evaporation process treatment of products with a high level of nuclear waste. When the materials of the present invention are added to these streams of industrial processes, reduce or even completely prevent the aluminosilicate scale formation on the equipment surfaces. In addition, the present materials are effective at treatment concentrations that make them economically practical

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention relates to a procedure and materials for scale reduction that contain aluminosilicate in an industrial process that has a stream of an alkaline process such as in the streams of the process of a kraft pasta factory or a stream of treatment of products with a high level of waste nuclear. The current of the process to be treated can be any process current with alkaline conditions and in which produce scale, for example, black, green and targets of the kraft process or a stream of the process evaporation with a high content of nuclear waste.

The process comprises the step of adding to the process current of an aluminosilicate that contains a amount of a polymer that inhibits the scale it has at minus 5% molar of a group that hangs on it or a terminal group containing - -If (OR '') 3 in which R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4. The function amount - -If (OR '') 3 present in the polymer will be enough to get the results desired and can range from a minimum of 0.5 molar% of the total monomeric groups present in the polymer up to a maximum 100% molar. However, the most economical will be to use the minimum amount needed to achieve the desired results. The polymers are preferably prepared initially in the form of silyl ether derivatives, Polymer- -If (OR '') 3 in which R '' = C 1 -C 3 alkyl, aryl, for example, Polymer- -Yes (OCH2CH) 3 or Polymer- -Yes (OCH 3) 3. Silyl ether derivatives can be added directly to the current industrial process or you can hydrolyze silanol derivatives to form polymers of following generic structures, Polymer- -Yes (OH) 3, Polymer- -Yes (ONa) 3, Polymer- -Yes (OK) 3, and Polymer- -Yes (ONH_4) 3 before the addition to the process stream. A convenient feature of this invention is that any of these forms can be added to the process stream. The molecular weight of the polymer should be at least about 500, more preferably at minus 1000 approximately.

In a preferred embodiment, the group containing - -If (OR '') 3, in which R '' = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4 It comprises a group according to - -G- -R- -X- - R'- -If (OR '') 3, in which G = no group, NH, NR '' or OR;
  R = no group, C = O, O, alkyl C 1 -C 10, or aryl; X = no group, NR, O, NH, amide, urethane, or urea; R '= no group, O, alkyl C 1 -C 10, or aryl; and R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4.

In one embodiment, the group is - -NH- -R- -X- -R'- -If (OR '') 3, in which R = no group, O, alkyl C 1 -C 10, or aryl; X = O, NH, an amide, urethane, or urea; R '= no group, O, alkyl C 1 -C 10, or aryl; and R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3 aryl, Na, K, or NH 4.

In another embodiment the polymer of which hangs the group can comprise at least one nitrogen to which The hanging group is united. The examples of polymers that they comprise at least one nitrogen to which the group that is attached They include, but are not limited to, a polymer according to the following formula:

one

in which x = 0.1-100%, y = 99.9-0%; and R = none group, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl, or -COX-R '; in which X = O or NH and R '= no group, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, or aryl; and R '' = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4; in which polymers are preferred according to the formula:

2

in which x = 0.5-20%, y = 99.5-80% and R = C_ {2} -C_ {6}, and in which they are examples specific polymers according to the formula:

3

in which x = 0.5-200, y = 99.5-80%.

In another embodiment the polymer that has a group that hangs on it or a terminal group that contains - -If (OR '') 3 is derived from a polymerizable monomer unsaturated containing the group - -If (OR '') 3, in which R '' = H, C 1 -C 10 aryl alkyl, Na, K, or NH4 and is optionally copolymerized with one or more additional polymerizable monomers. Examples of such Additional polymerizable monomers include, but are not limited to, vinyl pyrrolidone, (meth) acrylamide, acrylamides M-substituted such as N-alkylacrylamides or acid acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, (meth) acrylic acid and its salts or esters, maleimides, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and styrene Particularly unsaturated polymerizable monomers Preferred containing groups - -Yes (OR '') 3 are the monomers of formula V and VI:

4

in the that

P = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -CO_ {R} '', -CONHR

R = C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl,

R '= H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or aryl

X = O, NH, or NR

R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4.

Examples of such polymers include homo- and  copolymers of trialkoxyvinylsilanes such as CH2 = CHSi (OCH 2 CH 3) 3 and monomers of formula VII:

5

in which P = H, R = -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, R '= H, X = NH and R' '= H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K or NH4.

Monomers of this type can be copolymerize with any other polymerizable monomer such as those described above. Copolymerizable monomers Particularly preferred include vinyl pyrrolidone, (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylamides N-substituted, (meth) acrylic acid and its salts or esters and maleimides. Acrylamides N-substituted containing 4-20 carbon atoms are particularly preferred, such as N-Methylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N-propylacrylamide, N-Butylacrylamide, N-amylacrylamide, N-hexyl acrylamide, N-phenylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide.

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In a preferred embodiment a polymer according to the formula:

6

in which w = 0-99%, x = 1-99%, y = 1-99%, z = 0.5-20% and M = H, Na, K, NH4; and R '' = H, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl, Na, K, or NH4; P = H or CH 3; L = H, or alkyl C 1 -C 10, aryl or arylalkyl, F = - -G- -R- -X- -R'- -Yes (OR '') 3 in which
  G = no group, NH, NR '' or O; R = no group, C = O, O, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, or aryl; X = no group, NR, O, NH, amide, urethane, or urea; R '= no group, O, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, or aryl; and R '' = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4 and VPD is a moiety derived from a vinyl pyrrolidone monomer substituted or unsubstituted. Examples of polymers are homogenous. copolymers of one or more comonomers of formula VII:

7

in which P = H, R = -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, R '= H, X = NH and R' '= H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K or NH 4 in which specific examples are polymers according to the following formula:

8

in which w = 0-90%, x = 0-50%, y = 0-90%, z = 2-50% cool.

In another embodiment, a polymer is used  according to the formula:

9

in which w = 1-99.9%, x = 0.1-50%, y = 0-50%, z = 0-50%; and Q = alkyl C 1 -C 10, aryl, amide, acrylate, ether, COXR in which X = O or NH and R = H, Na, K, NH4, alkyl C_ {1} -C_ {10} aryl, or any other substituent; X = NH, NP at qua P = alkyl C 1 -C 3, or aryl, or O; R '= alkyl C 1 -C 10, or aryl; V '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4 or form an anhydride ring; R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4; and D = NR1 2 or OR1 in which R1 = H, alkenyl alkyl C_ {1} -C_ {20}, or aryl, with the proviso that all groups R, R '', V '' and R1 do not have to be the same, and in which are specific examples polymers according to the formula:

10

in which w = 1-99.9%, x = 0.1-50%, y = 0-50%, z = 0-50%; and Q is phenyl, Y:

eleven

in which w = 1-99.9%, x = 0.1-50%, y1 + y2 = 0-50%, y1 and y2 = 0-50%, z = 0-50%; and Q is phenyl.

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In another embodiment a polymer is used according to a formula:

A-O- (CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH 2 CH (CH 3) O) y (CH 2 CH 2 O) z - O - B

in which x = 5-100% (as a molar%), y y z = 0-100% and at least one unit A and / or B is a group that  contains the group - -Yes (OR '') 3, in which R '' = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, aryl, Na, K, or NH4. Examples of such polymers include AO- (CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH 2 CH (CH 3) O) y (CH 2 CH 2 O) z -OB wherein A y / o B = R-Si (OR '') 3, and x = 5-50%, y = 5-95% and z = 0-50%, that is, an ethylene oxide copolymer and propylene oxide substituted with groups -Si (OR '') 3, and AO- (CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH 2 CH (CH 3) O) y (CH 2 CH 2 O) z -OB where A y / o B = R - Si (OR '') 3, x = 100%, y - 0% and z = 0%, that is, a substituted polyethylene oxide hcmopolymer is used with groups R- -Yes (OR '') 3.

In another embodiment a polymer is used prepared from a polyaccharide pol or a derivative of polysaccharide. Any polysaccharide which can be used can be used. they can join the hanging groups -Yes (OR '') 3. Preferably the polysaccharide should be soluble in the stream of the industrial process such as the liquid from the streams of the kraft pulp mill process or process stream of products with a high level of nuclear waste. The Polysaccharides useful in this invention include, but are not limited to cellulose and its derivatives, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxybutyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch and derivatives of starch such as cationic starch, guar, dextran, dextrins, xanthan, agar, carrageenan and the like. Are particularly preferred starch and cellulose derivatives, in which the reaction product of hydroxyethyl cellulose with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is an example specific.

The polymers used in the invention can be Prepare in multiple ways. For example, they can be prepared polymerizing a monomer containing the group - -If (OR '') 3 in which R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4, such such as a silane monomer, or by copolymerizing such monomer with one or more ccmonomers. Silane monomers Suitable for use in the present invention include, but not are limited to vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, allyltriethoxysilane, butenyltriethoxysilane, gamma-N-acrylamidopropyltriethoxysilane, p-triethoxysilylstyrene, 2- (methyltrimethoxysilyl) -1,4-butadiene,  N-triethoxysilylpropyl-maleimide and other reaction products of maleic anhydride and others unsaturated anhydrides with amino compounds containing the group - -Yes (OR '') 3. These monomers can be hydrolyzed with an aqueous base, before or after polymerization. The comonomers suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, styrene, (meth) acrylic acid and its salts or esters, (meth) acrylamide and substituted acrylamides such as acid acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, N-methylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N-propylacrylamide, N-butylacrylamide, N-amylacrylamide,  N-hexylacrylamide, N-f enylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide. Copolymers they can also be grafted copolymers such as acid polyacrylic-g-poly (vinyltriethoxysilane) and poly (vinyl acetate-co-acid crotonic) -g-poly (vinyltriethoxysilane). These polymers can be prepared in a variety of solvents. Suitable solvents for such uses include, but are not limited to, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, xylene, etc. In in some cases the polymer is soluble in the reaction solvent and It is recovered by removing the solvent. Alternatively, if the polymer is not soluble in the reaction solvent, the product is Recover by filtration. Initiators suitable for use in The present invention includes, but is not limited to, 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, and cumene hydroperoxide.

In another embodiment of the present invention, polymers useful in the invention can be prepared by reacting a compound that contains a group - -Yes (OR '') 3 in addition to a reactive group that reacts with a group that hangs or with an atom of the skeleton of a existing polymer For example, polyamines and polysaccharides they can be reacted with a variety of compounds that contain groups - -Yes (OR '') 3, to give polymers which can be used for the invention. Reactive groups Suitable include, but are not limited to, a halide group of alkyl, such as, for example, cyclopropyl, bromoethyl, chloromethyl, and bromoundecyl. The compound it contains - -If (OR '') 3, it may contain an epoxide function such as glycidoxypropyl, 1,2-epoxyamyl, 1,2-epoxidecyl or 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyl. He 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is a compound particularly preferred

The reactive group can also be a combination of a hydroxyl group and a halide, such as 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl. The reactive moiety may also contain an isocyanate group, such as isocyanatopropyl, or isocyanatomethyl which reacts to form a urea bond. In addition, silanes containing groups anhydride, such as triethoxysilylpropylsuccinic anhydride are  suitable for use in the manufacture of polymers for present invention The reactions can be carried out without dilute or in a suitable solvent. In addition, others can be added functional groups, such as alkyl groups, reacting other amino groups or nitrogen atoms on the polymer with alkyl halides, epoxides or isocyanates. The polyamines are They can prepare by a variety of procedures. Can be prepare by opening polymerization of the aziridine ring or similar compounds. They can also be prepared by condensation reactions of amines, such as ammonia, methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylenediamine, etc., with compounds reagents such as 1,2-dichloroethane, epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin and similar compounds.

Polymers containing anhydride groups are they can react with a variety of compounds that they contain - -Yes (OR '') 3 to prepare polymers suitable for use in the present invention. The polymers that contain suitable anhydride include copolymers of the anhydride maleic with ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene, ethylene, alpha-olefins such as octadecene, met (acrylamide), (meth) acrylic acid, acrylate esters such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl acrylate and methyl vinyl ether. Polymer it can also be a grafted copolymer such as poly (1,4-butadiene) -g-anhydride maleic or polyethylene-g-anhydride Maleic and the like. Other suitable anhydride monomers include, but are not limited to, itaconic anhydrides and Citraconic Suitable reactive silane compounds include, but they are not limited to, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, bis (gamma-triethoxysilylpropyl) amine, N-phenyl-gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, p-aminophenyltriethoxysilane, 3-(m-aminophenoxypropyl) -trimethoxysilane, and gamma-aminobutyltriethoxysilane. Can be added other functional groups to the polymer by reacting it with amines, alcohols and other compounds. In a preferred polymer For use in the present invention, maleic anhydride is the anhydride and the comonomer is styrene. A preferred silane is the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. It is also advantageous to react some of the anhydride groups with other amines such as diethylamine.

The same type of amino compounds that contain a group - -If (OR '') 3 can be reacted with polymers containing a clue pendant isocyanate group, such as copoilmers of, for example, isopropenyldimethylbenzyl isocyanate and vinyl isocyanate, with comonomers that include, but are not limited to, acetate vinyl, styrene, acrylic acid, and acrylamide. These polymers they can also be reacted with other compounds, such as amines, to improve their behavior.

Compounds with isocyanate function with a group - -Yes (OR '') 3 such as the gamma-isocyanatopropyl trimethoxysilane is also can react with polymers that contain groups hydroxyl such as hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate and copolymers of vinyl acetate with other monomers. Others hydroxyl-containing polymers suitable for use include, but are not limited to, polysaccharides and polymers that contain N-methylolacrylamide.

In the present process, the amount of polymer added to the process stream may depend on the composition of the flow of the industrial process current involved (by example, a process of a kraft paste factory or streams of products with a high level of nuclear waste) and generally all that is required is an aluminosilicate that contain an amount for the inhibition of the formation of its scale. In general, the polymer is preferably added to the process current in economic concentrations and practically favorable. A preferred concentration is that which is greater than 0 ppm approximately up to 300 ppm approximately, more preferably in a concentration that is greater than 0 ppm approximately to approximately 50 ppm, and what more preferably the polymer is added to the stream of the process at a concentration that is greater than 0 ppm approximately up to 10 ppm approximately.

The polymer can be added directly to any current of an industrial process in which you can produce the formation of scale, for example, in black liquid evaporators from the pasta manufacturing process kraft, and in the currents of the green liquids process and target of said process. However, it is preferred to add the polymer at a charge current or a recirculation current or to the liquid conducted to the evaporator of the black liquid. Although the polymer can be added to the process stream industrial at any time during the process, it is preferable add it at any convenient point in the process before or during The application of heat. Normally, the polymer is added immediately before the evaporator.

Examples High level of nuclear waste

Comparative example TO

The reaction product preparation of the styrene / maleic anhydride copolymer with butylamine (Polymer Comparative A) is as follows: 10.0 g of copolymer of styrene / dry maleic anhydride (SMA), with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of approximately 1.1 and a M_ {w} of About 16,000 were suspended in 100 ml of toluene. Be added a solution of 1.72 g of butylamine in 10 ml of toluene to  room temperature. The mixture was heated to a temperature of reflux for 3 hours. The solid product was filtered, washed, and It dried up. This gave a polymer containing 53 mol% of styrene, 24% molar of N-butyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, and 23% molar of maleic anhydride.

Comparative example B

The preparation of the reaction product of SMA with tallow amine and diethylamine (Comparative Polymer B) is as follows: 100.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of approximately 1.1 and a M_ {w of approximately 16,000, they were suspended in 941.7 g of toluene. A solution of 25.2 g of tallow amine and 27.5 g of diethylamine in 35.2 g of toluene was added at room temperature and then the mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 30 minutes. The resulting toluene suspension was cooled to room temperature and then 2% aqueous caustic soda was added with stirring to approximately 700 ml. The toluene phase was separated and the residual toluene in the aqueous phase was distilled off. The aqueous solution was further purified by ultrafiltration using a 0.2 µm hydrophilic polyethersulfone filter and then dried to obtain the dry polymer. This gave a polymer containing 53% mole of styrene, 38% mole of N-diethyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, and 9% mole of tallow N-hemi-amide of anhydride
Maleic

Comparative example C

The preparation of a copolymer of N- tert- acylacrylamide and acrylic acid (Comparative Polymer C) is as follows: 2.81 g of acrylic acid, 2.52 g of N- tert- octyl acrylamide, and 0.14 g of 2- Mercaptoethanol was dissolved in 12.5 g of DMF and 13.87 g of dioxane and purged with nitrogen. The mixture was heated to 75 ° C and 0.16 g of 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) in 3 g of dioxane was added. After 6 hours at 75 ° C, the mixture was cooled, giving the desired polymer in solution. This gave a polymer containing 73.7 mol% acrylic acid and 26.3 mol% N- tert -octylacrylamide.

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Example 1 Polymer i

The preparation of the SMA reaction product with butylamine and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to give a polymer with 1% molar of monomer units containing silane (Polymer i) is as follows: 10.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of 1.0 approximately and an M_ {w} of approximately 16,000, suspended in 100 ml of toluene. A solution of 1.72 was added g of butylamine and 0.21 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane in 10 ml of toluene at room temperature. The mixture was heated to temperature. of reflux for 3 hours. The solid product was filtered, washed, and dried up. This gave a polymer containing 53 mol% of styrene, 23.9% molar of N-butyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, 1% molar of N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, and 22.1% molar of maleic anhydride.

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Example 2 Polymer ii

The preparation of the SMA reaction product with butylamine and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to give a polymer with 3.8 mol% monomer units containing silane (Polymer ii) is as follows: 10.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of 1.1 approximately and an M_ {w} of approximately 16,000, suspended in 100 ml of toluene. A solution of 1.72 was added g of butylamine and 0.83 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane in 10 ml of toluene at room temperature. The mixture was heated to temperature. of reflux for 3 hours. The solid product was filtered, washed, and dried up. This gave a polymer containing 53 mol% of styrene, 23.9% molar of N-butyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, 3.8% molar of N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, and 19.3% molar of maleic anhydride.

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Example 3 Polymer iii

The preparation of the SMA reaction product with butylamine and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to give a 7.6% mole polymer of monomer units containing silane (Polymer iii) is as follows: 10.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of 1.1 approximately and an M_ {w} of approximately 16,000, suspended in 100 ml of toluene. A solution of 1.72 was added g of butylamine and 1.66 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane in 10 ml of toluene at room temperature. The mixture was heated to temperature. of reflux for 3 hours. The solid product was filtered, washed, and dried up. This gave a polymer containing 53 mol% of styrene, 23.9% molar of N-butyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, 7.6 mol% of N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, and 15.5% molar of maleic anhydride.

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Example 4 Iv polymer

The preparation of the. SMA reaction product with tallow amine, diethylamine, and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to give a polymer with 3.8 mol% monomer units containing silane (Polymer iv) is as follows: 100.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of 1.1 approximately and an M_ {w} of approximately 16,000, suspended in 941.7 g of toluene. A solution of 25.2 g of tallow amine, 24.8 g of diethylamine, and 8.3 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane in 38.9 g of toluene at room temperature and then the mixture is heated at reflux temperature for 30 minutes. The suspension of the resulting toluene was cooled to room temperature and to then 2% aqueous caustic soda was added with stirring up to 700 ml approximately. The toluene phase was separated and the residual toluene in the aqueous phase was removed by distillation. The aqueous solution was further purified by ultrafiltration using a 0.2 µm hydrophilic polyethersulfone filter and at It was then dried to obtain the dry polymer. This gave a polymer containing 53% molar of styrene, 3.8 molar of N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, 9.4% molar of Anhydride tallow N-hemi-amide maleic, and 33.8% molar of N, N-diethyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride.

Example 5 Polymer v

The preparation of the SMA reaction product with tallow amine, diethylamine, and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to give a 7.5% molar polymer of monomer units containing silane (Polymer v) is as follows: 100.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of 1.1 approximately and an M_ {w} of approximately 16,000, suspended in 941.7 g of toluene. A solution of 20.2 g of tallow amine, 23.4 g of diethylamine, and 16.7 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane in 40.2 g of toluene at room temperature and then the mixture is heated at reflux temperature for 30 minutes. The suspension of the resulting toluene was cooled to room temperature and to then 2% aqueous caustic soda was added with stirring up to 700 ml approximately. The toluene phase was separated and the residual toluene in the aqueous phase was removed by distillation. The aqueous solution was further purified by ultrafiltration using a 0.2 µm hydrophilic polyethersulfone filter and at It was then dried to obtain the dry polymer. This gave a polymer containing 53% molar of styrene, 7.5% molar of N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, 7.5 mol% of Anhydride tallow N-hemi-amide maleic, and 30% molar of N, N-diethyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride.

Example 6 Polymer vi

The preparation of the SMA reaction product with tallow amine, diethylamine, and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane to give a polymer with 3.8 mol% monomer units containing silane (Polymer vi) is as follows: 100.0 g of dry SMA, with a molar ratio of styrene to maleic anhydride of 1.1 approximately and an M_ {w} of approximately 16,000, suspended in 941.7 g of toluene. A solution of 10.1 g of tallow amine, 28.9 g of diethylamine, and 8.3 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane in 31.3 g of toluene at room temperature and then the mixture is heated at reflux temperature for 30 minutes. The suspension of the resulting toluene was cooled to room temperature and to then 2% aqueous caustic soda was added with stirring up to 700 ml approximately. The toluene phase was separated and the residual toluene in the aqueous phase was removed by distillation. The aqueous solution was further purified by ultrafiltration using a 0.2 µm hydrophilic polyethersulfone filter and at It was then dried to obtain the dry polymer. This gave a polymer containing 53% molar of styrene, 3.8 molar of N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride, 3.8% molar of Anhydride tallow N-hemi-amide maleic, and 39.4% molar of N, N-diethyl-hemi-amide of maleic anhydride.

Example 7

The preparation of the N- (3-triethoxysilyl) propylacrylamide (TESPA) It is as follows: 197.4 g of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and 89.9 g of triethylamine in 330 g of THF, purged with nitrogen, and cooled to 0 ° C. With stirring, 83.9 g of acryloyl chloride, and after the addition the mixture was heated at 40 ° C for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. and the salt was filtered. The resulting TESPA solution (42% in THF) It was used as it was without further purification.

Example 8 Polymer vii

The preparation of the N- tert- octactyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidincna tetrapoilimer, and TESPA to give a polymer with 5% molar silane-containing monomer units (Polymer vii) is as follows: dissolved 1.89 g of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 0.66 g of acrylic acid, 2.21 g of N- tert- octylacrylamide, 1.30 g of TESPA (42% in THF), and 0.14 g of 2-mercaptoethanol in 14 g of DMF and 11.64 g of dioxane and purged with nitrogen. The mixture was heated to 75 ° C and 0.16 g of 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) in 3 g of dioxane was added. After 6 hours at 75 ° C, the mixture was cooled, giving the desired polymer in solution. The polymer was further purified by precipitation with isopropyl alcohol, washed, and dried. This gave a polymer containing 42.5% molar of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 22.5% molar of acrylic acid, 5% molar of TESPA, and 30% molar of N- tert -octylacrylamide.

Example 9 Viii polymer

The preparation of the copolymer of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone and TESPA to give a polymer with 5% molar units of monomer containing silane (Polymer viii) is as follows: dissolved 4.69 g of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 1.44 g of TESPA (42% in THF), and 0.14 g of 2-mercaptoethanol in 12.5 g of DMF and 13.07 g of dioxane and purged with nitrogen. The mixture was heated to 75 ° C and 0.16 g of 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) in 3 g of dioxane. After 6 hours at 75 ° C, the mixture was cooled, giving the desired polymer in solution with a concentration of fifteen%. This gave a polymer containing 95% molar of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 5% molar of TESPA.

Example 10 Ix polymer

The preparation of the N- tert- octyl acrylamide, acrylic acid, and TESPA terpolymer to give a polymer with 5% molar of monomer units containing silane (Polymer ix) is as follows: 2.46 g of acrylic acid were dissolved, 2.21 g of N- tert -octylacrylamide, 1.56 g of TESPA (42% in THF), and 0.14 g of 2-mercaptoethanol in 12.5 g of DMF and 12.97 g of dioxane and were purged with nitrogen The mixture was heated to 75 ° C and 0.16 g of 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) in 3 g of dioxane was added. After 6 hours at 75 ° C, the mixture was cooled, giving the desired polymer in solution with a concentration of 15%. This gave a polymer containing 70% molar acrylic acid, 5% molar TESPA, and 25% molar N- tert- octyl acrylamide.

Example 11 Polymer x

The preparation of the oxide reaction product polyethylene with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 2.2 mol% monomer units that contain silane (Polymer x) is as follows: 20.0 g were dissolved of polyethylene oxide (approximately M n 2000) in 10.0 g of DMSO and purged with nitrogen. To this mixture were added 2.63 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, followed of 1.36 g of 45% KOH. The resulting mixture was heated to 80 ° C. for 1 hour, giving the desired polymer in solution with a 65.8% concentration. This gave a polymer containing 97.8% molar of ethylene oxide approximately and 2.2% molar of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

Example 12 Polymer xi

The reaction product preparation of poly (ethylene glycol) -block-poly (propylene glycol) -block-poly (ethylene glycol) with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 3.1% molar monomer units containing silane (Polymer xi) is as follows: 30.0 g of poly (ethylene glycol) -block-poly (propylene glycol) -block-poly (ethylene glycol) (with 50% by weight of ethylene oxide and a M n of 1900 approximately) with 4.52 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane in nitrogen. Be 2.34 g of 45% KOH was added and the resulting mixture was heated to  80 ° C for 1 hour, giving the desired polymer with a 92.6% concentration. This gave a polymer containing 55.1% molar ethylene oxide approximately, 41.8% molar oxide of propylene, and 3.1% molar of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

Example 13 Polymer xii

The reaction product preparation of poly (ethylene glycol) -block-poly (propylene glycol) -block-poly (ethylene glycol) with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 3.0 mole% monomer units containing silane (Polymer xii) is as follows: 30.0 g of poly (ethylene glycol) -block-poly (propylene glycol) -block-poly (ethylene glycol) (with 10% by weight of ethylene oxide and a M n of 2000 approximately) with 4.3 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane in nitrogen. Be they added 2.22 g of 45% KOH and the resulting mixture was heated to 80 ° C for 1 hour, giving the desired polymer with a 92.9% concentration. This gave a polymer containing 12.3% molar ethylene oxide approximately, 84.7% molar oxide of propylene, and 3.0 molar% of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

Example 14 Polymer xiii

The reaction product preparation of polyethyleneimine with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 0.5 mol% monomer units that contain silane (Polymer xiii) is as follows: 25.4 g were mixed of polyethyleneimine (M w of approximately 25,000) with 0.7 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the mixture resulting was heated at 70 ° C for 16 hours, giving the polymer desired as a soft friable gel.

Example 15 Xiv polymer

The reaction product preparation of polyethyleneimine with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 1.0 mol% monomer units that contain silane (Polymer xiv) is as follows: 25.72 g were mixed of polyethyleneimine (M w of approximately 25,000) with 1.43 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the mixture resulting was heated at 70 ° C for 16 hours, giving the polymer desired as a soft friable gel.

Example 16 Xv polymer

The preparation of the reaction product of polyethyleneimine with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 2.0% molar monomer units containing silane (Polymer xv) is as follows: 11.39 g of polyethyleneimine (M_ {w about 25,000) with 1.28 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the resulting mixture was heated at 70 ° C for 16 hours, giving the desired polymer as a friable gel
soft.

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Example 17 Xvi polymer

The reaction product preparation of polyethyleneimine with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with 4.0 mol% monomer units that contain silane (Polymer xvi) is as follows: 10.0 g were mixed of polyethyleneimine (M w of approximately 25,000) with 2.29 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the mixture resulting was heated at 70 ° C for 16 hours, giving the polymer desired as a soft friable gel.

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Example 18 XVII polymer

The reaction product preparation of hydroxyethylcellulose with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to give a polymer with a high content (~ 30 mol%) of units of monomer containing silane (Polymer xvii) is as follows: se mixed 8.0 g of dried hydroxyethyl cellulose (molecular weight 24,000-27,000) with 2.0 g of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane in 5 g of acetone. The acetone was removed by evaporation and the resulting mixture was heated at 100 ° C for 16 hours, giving the desired polymer.

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TABLE 1 Summary of the polymers used in the test of scale formation inhibition

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12

13

14

fifteen

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Example 19 Test procedure

A synthetic liquid with a level was prepared high nuclear waste adding sodium carbonate, sulfate sodium, sodium hydroxide, a solution of sodium aluminate (prepared by digesting alumina trihydrate in caustic soda), sodium silicate, sodium nitrate, and sodium nitrite in water deionized The final composition of the liquid is shown in the Table 2.

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TABLE 2

16

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All polymer samples were dissolved in  2% aqueous NaOH before addition to waste liquid nuclear, hydrolyzing any anhydride group and trialkoxylsilane that had not previously reacted, transforming trialkoxylsilane groups into silanol groups or in sodium salts In a 125 ml polyethylene bottle, it was put the additive for reducing scale (if used) in 0.5% solution form in 2% aqueous NaOH for doses lower and a 3% solution was used for higher doses. Then 120 ml of the stock synthetic solution was added with a high level of nuclear waste to the bottle with agitation. The sealed bottle was heated with stirring at 102 ° C for 18 ± 2 hours. Up to 24 such tests were performed (bottles) at once. At the end of 18 hours, the bottles are opened and the solution was filtered (0.45 µm filter). Be noted that aluminosilicate inlay had formed considerable in the form of loose aluminosilicate in the liquid (which may have initially formed on the surface of polyethylene). In the examples below, the weight of the inlays formed in the test are expressed in the form of percentage of the average weight of the scale formed in two comparative blank tests (i.e. no additive was used) that They are part of the same test group.

Using the summary test procedure previously, they were analyzed for their inhibition activity of aluminosilicate inlay formation a series of SMA type polymers reacted with butylamine and that they contained varying amounts of silane and the results were presented in Table 3.

TABLE 3

17

Example 20

Using the test procedure summarized in the  Example 19, were analyzed for their inhibition activity of scale formation a series of SMA polymers made react with tallow amine and diethylamine and they contained Variable amounts of silane and the results are presented in the Table 4

TABLE 4

18

Example 21

Using the test procedure summarized in the  Example 19, were analyzed for their inhibition activity of scale formation a series of polymers prepared with the TESPA monomer containing silane and the results are presented in Table 5.

TABLE 5

19

Example 22

Using the test procedure summarized in the  Example 19, were analyzed for their inhibition activity of scale formation a series of poly6ter type polymers which contained varying amounts of silane and the results were presented in Table 6.

TABLE 6

twenty

Example 23

Using the test procedure summarized in the  Example 19, were analyzed for their inhibition activity of scale formation a series of type polymers polyethyleneimine containing varying amounts of silane and the Results are presented in Table 7.

TABLE 7

twenty-one

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Example 24

Using the test procedure summarized in the  Example 19, was analyzed for its inhibition activity of scale formation a hydroxyethyl cellulose derivative that It contained silane and the results are presented in Table 8.

TABLE 8

22

Test of inhibition of the formation of inlays in a kraft pasta factory.

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Example 25

To simulate the conditions found in a typical black liquid from a kraft pasta factory was prepared from the following a synthetic process liquid that simulates a typical black liquid.

A solution of basic aluminate was prepared according to the following recipe adding aluminate and solution NaOH to water and stirring overnight. Then the solution was filtered through a 3 µm membrane filter (Pall Versapor-3000 T w / wa, 47 mm):

Na_ {2} O \ cdotAl_ {2} {3} \ cdot3H_ {2} O 100.0 g NaOH al fifty% 146.6 g Deionized water 753.4 g

Total \ hskip5.4cm 1000.0 g

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This basic aluminate solution was used to prepare a simulated solution of black kraft liquid according to the following recipe and procedure. Sodium acetate was added to achieve the desired sodium ion concentration. The amounts they are in grams and the percentages are in p / p unless indicated another thing.

Carbonate sodium 121.9 Sulfate sodium 32.7 Thiosulfate sadistic 36.4 Sadistic Hydrosulfide, 60% 70.9 Acetate sodium 445.3 Sodium hydroxide fifty% 290.7 SiO 2 at 29.55% 14, 0 Aluminate solution basic 25.1 Water deionized 1746.0

Total \ hskip5.6cm 2783.0 g = 2.30 liters

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Calculated concentration

[CO 3 2-] = 0.5 M

[SO4 {2-2] = 0.1 M

[SO 2 O 3 2] = 0.1 M

[SH -] = 0.33 M

[Na +] = 5.7 M

[OH -] = 1.6 M

[Yes] = 0.03 M

[Al] = 0.01 M

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The solution was prepared by adding carbonate sodium, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium hydrosulfide, and water sodium acetate with rapid agitation. After stirring for 30 minutes, the solution was filtered through a frit thick glass to remove smaller amounts of material insoluble. The sodium hydroxide solution, the silica solution, and finally aluminate solution basic, with stirring after each addition. The solution was used  immediately as described below.

For each of Examples 26 to 33, pre-diluted polymer solutions of the polymers iii (Example 3), v (Example 5), vii (Example 8), viii (Example 9), x (Example 11), xi (Example 12), xvi  (Example 17) and xvii (Example 18) up to 1% (w / w) of active concentration in a 2% NaOH solution before use.

An amount of 1.45 g of a polymer solution, (or 1.45 g of water for the control test), to a wide-mouth glass with 4 oz (113.4 g) of labeled HDPE. TO 145 g (120 ml) of simulated solution of Black liquid kraft to each glass before covering and shaking. Each glass It then contained a "test solution." The dose of polymer is 100 ppm.

Then the plugs of the vessels to release pressure, and the vessels were placed in the floor of an oven at 102 ° C to simulate heating in a Kraft process liquid. After 1.5 hours the plugs are adjusted and the glasses were placed in a roaster located inside from the oven. After turning the roaster in the oven for overnight (16.5 hours), each sample was filtered using a filter 3 µm membrane (Pall Versapor-3000 T w / wa, 47 mm) previously weighed. Each membrane plus any solid collected was washed with approximately 5 ml of water and put in a clock glass of 6.35 cm in diameter. He put a tray of steel that contained all watch glasses and membranes in an oven at 102 ° C for 30 minutes to dry the solids filtered. Each membrane was weighed plus solids and the weight of the Solid was calculated by difference. The% of Inlay formation inhibition of the following way:

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% inhibition of the formation of inlays = 100 x weight of the inlays formed with the polymer present / weight of scale formed in the absence from polymer

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The results of the polymers tested in the Examples 26-33 at 100 ppm are presented in the Table 9.

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TABLE 9

2. 3

Claims (15)

1. A composition for use in reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process alkali comprising a polymer according to the formula: 24 in which w = 1-99.9%, x = 0.1-50%, y = 0-50%, z = 0-50%; and Q = alkyl C 1 -C 10, aryl, amide, acrylate, ether, COXR wherein X = O or NH and R = H, Na, K, NH4, alkyl C_ {1} -C_ {10}, or aryl, or any other substituent; X = NH, NP in which P = alkyl C 1 -C 3 or aryl, or O; R '= alkyl C 1 -C 10, or aryl; V '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4 or form an anhydride ring; R '' = H, alkyl C 1 -C 3, aryl, Na, K, or NH 4; and D = NR1 2 or OR1 in which R1 = H, alkyl C 1 -C 20, alkenyl C_ {1} -C_ {20} or aryl, with the proviso that all groups R, R '', V '' and R1 do not have to be same. 2. The composition according to claim 1 which It comprises a polymer selected from the formula:

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25

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in which w = 1-99.9%, x = 0.1-50%, y = 0-50%, z = 0-50%; and Q is phenyl, and the formula:

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26

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in which w = 1-99.9%, x = 0.1-50%, y1 + y2 = 0-50%, y1 and y2 = 0-50%, z = 0-50%; and Q is phenyl. 3. A composition for use in reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process alkaline comprising a polymer that is a polysaccharide that has a group that hangs on it or a terminal group of formula I:   Formula I - -Yes (OR '') 3 in which R '' = Na, K or NH4. 4. The composition according to claim 3 in which the polysaccharide is a hydroxyethyl cellulose derivative. 5. The composition according to claim 4, in which the polysaccharide is a hydroxyethyl cellulose derivative and is makes react with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. 6. A composition for the reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process that comprises a polymer that is a homopolymer or a copolymer derived from an unsaturated monomer of formula V: 27 in the that P = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -CO_ {R} '', -CONHR R = C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl, R '= H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or aryl X = O, NH, or NR R '' = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl,  aryl, Na, K, or NH4. 7. A composition according to claim 6 which  comprises a polymer derived from the monomers of formula V. and one or more polymerizable monomers selected from the group constituted by vinylpyrrolidone, (meth) acrylamide, N-substituted acrylamides, acid (meth) acrylic and its salts or esters and maleimides. 8. A composition for the reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process that comprises a homopolymer or a copolymer derived from the monomers of formula VI: 28 in the that P = H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, -CO_ {R} '', -CONHR R = C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl, R '= H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or aryl X = O, NH, or NR R '' = Na, K, or NH4. 9. A composition according to claim 8 which  comprises a polymer derived from the monomers of formula VI and one or more polymerizable monomers selected from the group constituted by vinylpyrrolidone, (meth) acrylamide, N-substituted acrylamides, acid (meth) acrylic and its salts or esters and maleimides. 10. The composition according to claims 6 or 3, wherein the polymer is a copolymer of one or more comonomers of formulas V or VI and one or more comonomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl pyrrolidone, N-octylacrylamide, acrylic acid and its salts. 11. A composition for the reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process that It comprises a polymer according to formula XI: Formula XI A-O- (CH 2 CH 2 O) x (CH 2 CH (CH 3) O) y (CH 2 CH 2 O) z - O - B in which = 5-100%, y y z - = 0-100 'and at least one unit A and / or B is a group containing the group - -Yes (OR '') 3, in the that R '' = Na, K, or NH4. 12. The composition according to claim 11, where x = 100% is used, y y z = 0%. 13. The composition according to claim 11, where x = 5-50% is used, y = 5-95% and z = 0-50%. 14. A composition for the reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process that it comprises a polymer that is the reaction product of poly (ethylene glycol) -block-poly (propylene glycol) -block-poly (ethylene glycol) with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. 15. A composition for the reduction of aluminosilicate inlays in an industrial process that it comprises a polymer that is the reaction product of polyethyleneimine with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.