ES2259897A1 - Blood sampler with negative pressure tubes includes two interconnected hollow cylinders with a manual safety system and a hollow needle protecting against contamination - Google Patents

Abstract

The blood sampler with negative-pressure tubes has a hollow cylinder with a manual safety system actuated after extraction of the sample. A second hollow cylinder with a perforated connector to the first cylinder supplements a chamfered hollow needle and two springs with an elastic guide, for protection of water contaminated by blood and accidental exposure to biohazardous material.

Description

Device for blood sampling using test tubes with negative pressure incorporating a safety system that prevents accidental exposures to material biohazardous

Technical sector

Instruments for obtaining samples blood tests for clinical analysis using tubes test with negative pressure.

Background of the invention

Obtaining blood samples for analysis It is usually done with ordinary syringes mount a hollow needle to aspirate the blood from the vein; East procedure raises a number of problems that include highlight:

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Difficulty in addressing the vein by forcing an excessive angle to the skin surface, in case of not using syringes that have   Offset the cone where the needle is inserted.

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Transfer Difficulty from the blood to the different test tubes once it has been the vein needle removed, which sometimes forces use large syringes that make handling difficult.

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The one that stains the surface external test tubes with the consequent risk of pollution.

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The risk of punctures accidental when trying to pierce the cap of the pipes test.

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The possibility of them forming needle clots that make it difficult to transfer to the tubes and alteration of certain analytical parameters.

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Obtaining quantities insufficient or excessive blood.

Some of the above problems are mitigated in the case of using test tube carrier cylinders with negative pressure, where the blood sample goes directly to the tubes in the exact amount that determines the amount of vacuum thereof.

In either case, the needle used to pierce the skin and channel the blood vessel is unprotected after completion of the technique.
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The unprotected needle is the cause of a large number of occupational accidents due to punctures that usually occur in the following situations:

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When trying to reposition the original protector in which the needle is protected.

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When deposited on any surface

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When deposited on bats in which the rest of the materials used are found during the performance of the technique.

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Even the containers themselves of biohazardous material where these needles are deposited unprotected, they may lose part of them due to rollovers accidental.

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Sometimes, when depositing needles in these containers and when they reach a certain level of filled, they stand up protruding from their opening.

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Needle removal by error in other containers, such as garbage cans, increases the risk of said accidents.

With the device object of this invention all the above inconveniences are avoided described and especially the risk of accidents at work for accidental punctures both in the healthcare staff and in the non-sanitary, and that may be the cause of acquisition of communicable diseases, some of them, especially serious for the affected person, with the consequent health impact, personal, family and social that they carry.

Description

The present invention consists of a device Usable for blood sampling. With this device negative pressure test tubes are used that allow get a predetermined amount of blood needed for the Determination of analytical parameters.

The invention incorporates an additional system of security that would be activated, using only one hand, once the blood sample extraction process concluded, avoiding accidental punctures and therefore the exposure of health personnel to the biohazardous material (blood) contained in the needle used to pierce the skin and channel the vessel blood

This security device consists of two hollow cylinders, a structure that joins them longitudinally, two springs, a hollow bevel needle, an elastic piece and an eyelash lock

Description of a preferred embodiment

The present invention is described below. in greater detail, referring to the drawings that the accompany by way of example and in a way that is not in mode some exhaustive, although it does correspond to the preferred form of realization.

In the hollow cylinder, larger diameter (9) is where the test tubes with negative pressure are housed. This open at the back and closed at the previous one.

At the rear end of the cylinder, carrier of test tubes with negative pressure, fully open, exists an ellipse shaped flange (10) that facilitates the manipulation of the same during the extraction and subsequent Security device activation.

At the front end of the carrier cylinder of test tubes with negative pressure, completely closed and truncated, it is located in the internal part, and centered in the same, a bevel hollow needle (7) surrounded by a first spring (6) which supports an elastic piece (8) at its rear end.

The bevel hollow needle (7) of which the cylinder bearing test tubes with negative pressure, opens at its front end to a transverse hole (20) located in this cylinder and that allows to establish a communication with the cone Luer type (1) located in the structure (16) described more ahead. The bevelled rear end of the needle is the one allows the test tube caps to be pierced with pressure negative (23) and thus obtain the blood sample. This bezel goes protected by a small elastic piece (8).

The elastic piece (8) that has its end rounded back to fit the gap available to the rubber caps of the test tubes with negative pressure, in addition to serve as a security element in the case of introduction accidental of a finger, prevents blood from flowing freely (thing what would happen when establishing a blood vessel communication with the outside) and only do it when the needle bezel is is unprotected, a fact that only occurs when the referral Bevel has pierced the rubber cap of the tube with negative pressure. During the channeling of the blood vessel, when there is no tube inserted into the test tube carrier cylinder with pressure negative or during the exchange thereof, it would not occur outflow of blood to the outside, since the elastic piece prevents the establishment of the communication of the glass with the outside. The elastic piece, in addition to supporting the needle itself, goes anchored to the first spring (6) described below.

The first spring (6) surrounding the hollow needle bevel is attached to an anchor (5) at its end front and back is surrounded by the elastic piece referred to above. Its mission is to keep the elastic piece in the proper position (surrounding the needle bevel when the device is not in use) during the exchange of tubes negative pressure test and after completing the technique. The spring retracts as a result of the manual pressure exerted on the test tube with negative pressure, freeing the bevel of the hollow needle that pierces the rubber stopper of the test tube with negative pressure, allowing to obtain the blood sample. Once the tube is removed, the spring returns to its initial position causing the elastic piece to surround the needle bevel again and close the communication of the blood vessel with the outside.

At the closed front end of the cylinder, where the negative pressure test tubes are housed for blood samples and on the outside, a tab of lock (3) whose function is to retain the safety device (which described below) until its activation once the technique. The pressure exerted with a finger on this tab lock activates the safety mechanism. To avoid pressing this accidentally tab while performing the technique or during The exchange of test tubes with negative pressure has been arranged in it a projection (4) that serves as a stop to the rearward displacement and forces the pressure exercised on it, and which results in the activation of the safety mechanism, have to be performed forward of contrary to what is the usual trend.

Likewise, in the anterior zone of the cylinder and of lateral form thereto, a structure (16) is placed that contains a part of the anchorage of the safety device (15), one of the anchors of the second trigger spring of the safety device (17), a transverse hole (19) and a Luer cone (hollow) (1) where the standard needle (22) used to pierce the Skin and blood vessel.

The part of the structure (16) that forms one of the two anchoring elements of the safety mechanism have, in its back, wedge-shaped (fig. 3 nº 15) with a double bevel which acts as an element that allows the two to move laterally tabs (fig. 4 nº 11) (these tabs constitute the other anchoring element) located in the safety cylinder. Your part anterior is flat (fig. 3 nº 26), in such a way that it is impossible the displacement of the eyelashes when applying pressure in the direction previous.

As can be seen in figure 1, the cone Luer type is offset from the carrier cylinder of tubes to facilitate the performance of the technique, allowing the standard hollow needle used to pierce the vein (22) and the which serves to (7) fill the sample tubes are placed in different plane. Communication between the Luer cone and the needle anchored in the center of the cylinder is established through a cross hole (19) that exists in said structure and which coincides with that existing in the carrier cylinder (20). On this structure is on which a cylinder of protection (14), of smaller diameter than the previous one and where it is located the other part of the anchor (the two tabs) (fig. 4 nº 11) that Shape the security device.

This protection cylinder is open in its front end to allow its displacement and cover the needle to protect, while closed in the back, in the which is the second anchor (13) of the second spring (12) that Activate the security device. The cylinder is located transversely divided into two halves to facilitate the process of assembly of the complete device.

This protection cylinder, near its end previous, it has a small exterior (2) projection that maintains the device ready for use and serving as a retainer to the tab of block, referred to above, located at the front end of the cylinder designed to house the test tubes with pressure negative. At this same end, but located further back and in the opposite face, two stabilizing fins (18) of it are located length whose function is to allow the entire device to keep the two cylinders superimposed on a horizontal plane as well as allow fixation on the skin during the performance of the sample extraction technique.

Longitudinally this protection cylinder It has a slot that allows you to move over the structure adhered to the other cylinder, described above. This slot (fig. 4 nº 24) widens at the back to accommodate two tabs (fig. 4 nº 11) and allow lateral displacement of the same. These tabs are minimally separated from each other in their rear end in such a way that they reduce the light of the groove. These two small tabs move laterally through the action of the other part of the anchoring mechanism of the device security, which as described above is wedge-shaped (fig. 3 nº 15) with double bevel on its back and flat (fig. 3 nº 26) in its previous part, and that once they return to their position original prevent the cylinder from moving back from new since the flat part in contact with them cannot separate them laterally.

Inside this protection cylinder is locate a spring (12) anchored at its rear end to it by a anchor (13) and by the previous one to the referred structure previously by means of an anchor (17). This pier remains in extension when the cylinder is retracted and ready for use, returning to its original position when the device is activated security (by moving the locking tab forward (3)) and The cylinder goes on to protect the needle. This pier provides automatism to the protective cylinder since it allows it to push to cover the needle used to pierce the vein and the safety mechanism that prevents the cylinder from being activated protection can move again.

Description of the drawings

In Figure 1 the invention is presented in a position in which the protection cylinder (14) is located retracted to fit the standard needle (22) in the cone type Luer (1) and proceed to use the set for an extraction. Be shows in this figure how the inner spring (12) of the cylinder inferior is extended in its maximum route, being prevented the movement of the protection cylinder by action joint seal (2) and locking tab (3).

Figure 2 (side view) shows the arrangement of the different elements that make up the invention, including standard needle (22) and test tube with pressure negative (23). In this figure the safety device is is activated by protecting the needle protection cylinder standard.

Figure 3 contains two more detailed views of the joint structure of the two hollow cylinders. It's formed by the cone type Luer (1), a support (17) of the activating spring of the safety device, a transverse hole (19) and one of the parts of the wedge-shaped safety anchors with double bezel (15).

Figure 4 shows the cylinder of security (14) in top view. In it you can appreciate the arrangement of the stabilization fins (18), the mechanism of anchor (11) and groove (24) used to guide the cylinder safety (14) in its displacement between the two positions extreme that said cylinder can reach.

Figure 5 shows the shape of the locking tab (3). This tab serves to release the safety cylinder (14) of the operating position and allow its  displacement to the position in which the needle is covered and protected. You can see in this figure a detail of the stop (4) that prevents accidentally releasing the lock when handling the invention.

An alternative form is presented in Figure 6 of the joint structure between the cylinders. In it a needle hollow bevel (25) is integrated into the structure making unnecessary using a standard needle (22) and eliminating the Luer cone (1).

Figure 7 shows the carrier cylinder of test tubes with negative pressure together with the spring (6), the elastic piece (8) and elliptical flange (10).

Embodiment

The assembly of the invention, assembled as indicated in Figure 1, it is constructed from four subsets which correspond to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 7. Alternatively the subset of Figure 3 may be replaced by the one collected in Figure 6.

The subset of Figure 3 is constructed in plastic material of polycarbonate, synthetic resins or similar, easily sterilizable with the usual methods of sterilization, by pressure molding technique. In the alternative construction indicated in Figure 6, the construction It is the same type except that during the molding process it is inserted the hollow metal needle (in surgical steel) in order that the Subset form a single integral body. In this form of realization would therefore eliminate the cone type Luer.

The transverse hole in the structure and that communicates the Luer cone and the existing hole in the carrier cylinder and that communicates with the hollow needle, both are They can be replaced by a single hollow metal cylinder.

Alternatively the elastic piece and the first spring can be replaced by a single elastic piece that covers the entire hollow needle and be anchored at its end before the cylinder Carrier of test tubes with negative pressure.

The subset presented in Figure 7 is Build in two stages. First the cylinder is built (9) in plastic material of the polycarbonate, resin types synthetic or similar, by pressure molding technique. In Second, the elastic piece (8) is constructed in material plastic of the rubber or silicone types by the technique of pressure molding, during which the hollow needle is incorporated Bevelled (7) in surgical steel. Then the subset by inserting the spring (6) so that one of its ends fit into the support (5) that is part of the cylinder while the other end fits inside the elastic piece. This way the subset would be ready full.

The subset presented in Figure 5 is builds in plastic materials of the polycarbonate types, resins synthetic or similar, by pressure molding technique. Alternatively it can be built as an integral part of the cylinder (9).

The subset of Figure 4 is constructed in two halves separated by a transverse plane in plastic material of Polycarbonate, synthetic resins or similar types by means of pressure molding technique. Both parts are joined by a tongue and groove with strong adhesive (epoxy resin or similar).

The assembly of the invention would be carried out. based on the subset of Figure 7.

First the second spring is introduced (12) inside the rear half cylinder that forms the cylinder lower protection (14) so that one of the ends of the spring is fitted to the anchor (13) located therein. TO then the spring is anchored in the anchor for it arranged in the structure (5). Slightly extend the spring and It stops to prevent its displacement. The structure is introduced in the previous half cylinder with a part of it housed in the slot the two half-cylinder are joined and subsequently adheres the structure to the test tube carrier tube with pressure negative, at which point the pier extends throughout its entire length until the cylinder is retained by the flange of blocking moment in which the brake can be removed from the dock.

Under these conditions, the invention is ready for packaging, sterilization and storage so far in That should be used.

Claims (10)

1. Device for blood sampling using test tubes with negative pressure that incorporates a safety system that prevents accidental exposures to biohazardous material characterized by:

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A hollow cylinder (9) of greater diameter to accommodate the test tubes with negative pressure, opened in its back and closed in the previous one, which it has an outer elliptical flange (10) at its rear end and which has its truncated anterior end, a transverse hole (20) in its anterior part and an anchor for the first spring (5).

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A bevel hollow needle (7) that is inserted longitudinally in this cylinder, forming a body with the same; it has its non-beveled anterior end open to cross hole of the cylinder (20).

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A first pier (6) that surrounds the bevel hollow needle and is on its anterior part subject to the anchor (5) existing in the cylinder and its back embedded in the elastic piece (8).

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An elastic piece (8) with its rounded rear end covering the bezel and part of the bevel hollow needle (7) and surrounding the rear end of the First dock (6).

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A locking tab (3) with a stop (4) located on the outside and front of the cylinder larger diameter that fixes the hollow safety cylinder (14) in the operating position and retains it until it is activated said tab, at which time a second spring (12) drives the protection cylinder (14) and brings it to the extended position, providing the necessary force to block it.

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A structure (16) located in the front part and laterally to the larger diameter cylinder which houses a cone type Luer (1), a transverse hole (19), a anchor point of a second spring (17) and one of the two parts of the anchorage of the safety mechanism (11).

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A second cylinder (14), parallel to the previous one and which constitutes the protective cylinder of the needle that pierces the blood vessel. This protection cylinder, open at the front and closed at the back, characterized by having a small shoulder (2) that acts as a retainer, a groove (24) that ends at its front in a widening that contains two tabs (11 ), an anchor of the second spring (13) and two stabilizing fins (18).

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A second pier (12), anchored at its end before the anchor existing in the structure (17) and by its rear end to the anchor located in the protective cylinder (13), which is the impeller of the protective cylinder.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the anchoring mechanism located in the structure is wedge-shaped (15) with a double bevel, its front part being flat (26). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove (24) of the safety cylinder undergoes a further widening to accommodate two tabs (11) minimally spaced from each other at its rear end in such a way as to reduce the light of the groove. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second spring (12) provides the force necessary to move the protective cylinder (14) until it is anchored when it is in extension. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the test tube carrying cylinder (9) has a transverse hole (19) in its front part and located laterally that communicates with the hollow needle (7) test tube perforator . Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes located in the cylinder carrying test tubes (20) with negative pressure and the one located in the structure (19) are coincident. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse hole located in the structure (19) communicates with the cone type Luer (1) located therein. 8. Device according to claim 1.6 and 7 in that both holes can be replaced by a single hollow cylinder metal. 9. Device according to claim 1 in the that the standard hollow needle is replaced by a hollow needle bevel integrated into the structure making unnecessary use of a standard needle and removing the cone type Luer. 10. Device according to claim 1 in the that the elastic piece and the first spring are replaced by a single elastic piece that covers the entire hollow needle and is anchored by its end before the test tube carrier cylinder with negative pressure