ES2251293B1 - HYDRAULIC SHOCK ABSORBER WITH HYDRAULIC LOCK IN COMPRESSION. - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydraulic shock absorber with hydraulic compression lock. The shock absorber includes a hydraulic blocking valve (10) adjusted inside a distributor (11) so that by means of a coil (13) the flow of fluid from the compression chamber to the auxiliary chamber (9) limited between two coaxial tubular bodies (1 and 2) that are part of the shock absorber assembly. Activation of the coil (13) produces an axial displacement of the valve (10), so that in this activated position, the fluid will pass from the compression chamber (6) to the auxiliary chamber (9) through opposite grooves of the valve and distributor. On the other hand, in the deactivated position of the coil that flow of fluid will be almost completely interrupted.

Description

Hydraulic damper with hydraulic lock in compression

Object of the invention

The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a hydraulic shock absorber with hydraulic compression lock, which has significant relevant characteristics in relation to conventional shock absorbers that can be considered as such.
kind.

The aim of the invention is to achieve a precise control of the fluid from the compression chamber to the auxiliary chamber and vice versa by means of an electric coil.

Background of the invention

The shock absorbers used preferably in vehicles, regardless of the type, they are part of the suspension system, together with the wheels and crossbows, torsion bars or springs and are the elements that collect the oscillations of the springs or springs, absorbing them and transforming them into heat.

Hydraulic shock absorbers are based on the resistance offered by all viscous fluid as it passes through a calibrated hole.

In the case of hydraulic shock absorbers, generally used in motor vehicles, these are They consist of a cylinder for whose interest a piston runs connected to a drive rod, defining the piston in the inside the cylinder two chambers, one compression and one of traction, both flooded with fluid, usually oil.

The piston has a series of holes and valves that block the flow of fluid to a greater or lesser extent, thus achieving a variable difficulty to the circulation of oil that passes from one chamber to another.

In the movements of the wheels with respect to chassis there are displacements up and down the same and the shock absorber works in this case, displacing the stem of drive in the sense that the piston compresses the fluid contained inside the cylinder.

It is said that the shock absorber works at compression when the wheel axle moves towards the body or chassis, or by passing the wheel through an obstacle. He shock absorber works by traction or expansion when the wheel returns to its previous position either goes through a depression or bump.

The behavior of a hydraulic shock absorber is determined by the efforts obtained at speeds given from the drive rod.

This behavior is a compromise between comfort and safety

It is an object of the invention that the compression motion lock increases so significant level of security without changing the level of comfort of a conventional shock absorber.

Description of the invention

The device that allows hydraulic locking of compression is of the sliding type, in which the camera auxiliary is divided into two subchambers through a valve that slides axially inside a distributor and is Powered by an electric coil.

This valve is constantly driven towards the piston through a spring, having been planned between the valve and said spring a copper or material washer not magnetic, so that there is no contact between the valve and the coil when the valve is attracted to the coil.

The non-magnetic material washer allows improve the passage time from the activated to deactivated state, avoiding the magnetization of the valve by contact and allowing that the spring brings the valve to the deactivated position in the as little time as possible

To achieve a good guidance of the pier, it has been provided a stud in the valve and a blind hole in the coil.

The valve has holes in its base to allow the passage of fluid from one side to the other by reducing this mode the hydraulic resistance to sliding and balancing the pressures on both sides.

In addition, the valve presents on its surface cylindrical grooves, which when coinciding in position with other grooves of the distributor allow the passage of fluid from the chamber of compression towards the auxiliary chamber and vice versa.

As a connecting piece between the coil, the cylinder inside and the valve there is a distributor.

This distributor has a portion cylindrical in its upper part that fits with the cylinder or body tubular inner shock absorber tightly, either by of an elastic seal, either by means of interference in the assembly of the two metal parts.

To position the distributor with respect to the coil, this one has the cylindrical bottom so that only there is a possible mounting position in the shaft direction, no taking into account the angular position of a piece with respect to the other. This cylinder supports the two possible constructions, inside or outside, with respect to the coil.

On the other hand, and according to the invention, in the intermediate zone of the distributor have planned a series of slots that can allow the passage of fluid from the chamber of compression to the auxiliary chamber, depending on the position of the valve, said valve will prevent the passage of fluid between the chambers when the cylindrical part with grooves thereof is faced with the cylindrical wall without grooves of the distributor.

The fluid flow due to the difference in diameters between the two pieces, necessary for assembly, is minimal and irrelevant against the passage of fluid in the radial direction when the grooves of the two pieces match.

To soften the pressure rise in the chamber compression, and consequently the compression efforts, there is the possibility of making slots that define a step permanent fluid at the top of the valve.

To facilitate the understanding of characteristics of the invention and forming an integral part of the Descriptive report, accompanying some sheets of plans in whose figures, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature has been represented The object of the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1. - Shows a schematic view of a conventional bitubo hydraulic shock absorber, whose piston divides it in two chambers occupied by a fluid.

Figure 2. - It is a partial view of a shock absorber, bitube, which includes the device for blocking compression, in accordance with the invention.

Figure 3. - Shows a plan view of a valve that is part of the invention.

Figure 4. - Shows a sectional view of the valve shown in the previous figure.

Figures 5 and 6. - They show each section of a distributor that is also part of the whole of the invention.

Figure 7. - Shows a sectional view where the housing of a spring or spring is shown in detail It is also part of the whole of the invention.

Figure 8.- Shows a detailed view of the fluid passages from the compression chamber to the auxiliary chamber of the shock absorber.

Description of the preferred embodiment

Considering the numbering adopted in the figures, and in principle according to figure 1, we can see schematically a conventional shock absorber comprising basically a cylinder or outer tubular body 1, in which inside a tube or coaxial tubular body is housed inside 2 in which adjusts piston 3 connected to the drive rod Four.

Piston 3 divides the internal compartment into two chambers: one of traction 5 and another of compression 6. This piston it also incorporates calibrated holes 7 and valves 8 that allow the passage of fluid from one chamber to another.

In accordance with the invention and now attending to the Figure 2 and following, a bitube damper has been shown where valves and intercom steps are included between the compression chamber 6 and an auxiliary chamber 9 limited between two coaxial tubes 1 and 2.

Also according to the invention, it has been provided a hydraulic lock valve 10 associated with a coil electrical 13 and housed inside a tubular distributor 11 which closes in principle one end of the inner tube 2 that corresponds to one end of the outer tube 1 closed by the electric coil 13, these two ends being arranged in the opposite side of the shock absorber where the stem 4. appears valve presents a general configuration of bowl.

The bottom of this blocking valve 10 is faced in proximity to coil 13 against resistance of a spring 12 and with interposition of a flat washer 14 of non-magnetic material, located specifically between spring 12 and valve 10. This washer 14 prevents contact between the surfaces of the valve 10 and the coil 13 when it is activated, which is when the major step is essentially allowed fluid flow rate from compression chamber 6 to chamber auxiliary 9 and vice versa through valve 10 and distributor eleven.

To do this, the side wall of the valve 10 incorporates calibrated through grooves 19, which in the position activated coil 13 will be faced with other slots rear intern 18 of the distributor 11.

Thus, when coil 13 is activated, the valve 10 is axially attracted according to the direction indicated by the arrow 22 (figure 8), making contact with the coil 13, through of the washer 14, allowing the passage of fluid through the slots 19 of valve 10 and rear slots 18 of distributor 11, as mentioned above.

Instead, when coil 13 is not activated, the slots 19 of the valve will face the wall of the distributor blocking the passage of fluid through said slots 19 and 18 of valve 10 and distributor 11, respectively.

However, in this case of blocking there is a small flow of fluid that will pass through small ones notches 20 arranged on the free edge of the valve 10, and a through other anterior grooves 17 arranged in the wall of the distributor, being in this case that free edge butt against a stepped surface 16 of the distributor 11 by the spring action 12.

On the other hand, it should be noted that in the position activated from the coil 13, the fluid will also flow into the auxiliary chamber 9 through the anterior slots 17 of the distributor 11.

In addition and in order to facilitate the sliding of the valve 10 inside the distributor 11, front holes 15 are provided at the bottom of this valve 10 allowing the passage of the retained fluid part between the base or bottom of the valve 10 and the coil 13.

This coil 13 has a blind hole that helps to the guiding of the spring 12, into which a central pin also enters of the valve 10 when it is attracted by the coil 13.

Claims (6)

1. Hydraulic shock absorber with hydraulic compression lock, the type comprising two coaxial tubular bodies, exterior (1) and interior (2), between which an auxiliary chamber is formed, this one and the inner tube containing a fluid and a piston (3) with its actuating rod (4), the piston (3) defining two chambers: one of traction (5) and compression ring (6), the fluid passing in the relative movements between the wheel and the chassis of the vehicle where the shock absorber is mounted, from one chamber to another, through calibrated holes and valves provided in the piston (3), there is a valve that allows the hydraulic blocking of the wheel travel when it approaches the vehicle chassis , characterized in that the hydraulic blocking valve (10) is associated with an electric coil (13) to control and limit the passage of fluid from the compression chamber (6) to the auxiliary chamber (9); all this in order that in the activated position of the coil the passage of a controlled fluid flow to the auxiliary chamber (9) is allowed, while in the rest position that fluid flow is minimized, thus regulating the speed to which the drive rod (4) is inserted into the shock absorber. 2. Hydraulic shock absorber with hydraulic compression lock, according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (10) has a bowl-shaped structure and is fitted inside a fixed tubular distributor (11) closing one end of the inner body (2 ) of the shock absorber, at the same time that the side wall of such valve (10) has calibrated anterior grooves (17) and other calibrated posterior grooves (18) that in the active position of the electric coil (13) face each other slots (19) of the valve (10) for the passage of fluid to the auxiliary chamber (9), which also runs through the anterior slots (17), while in the rest position the slots (19) of the Valve (10) will be faced with a closed surface of the side wall of the distributor (11). 3. Hydraulic shock absorber with hydraulic compression lock, according to claim 2, characterized in that the valve (10) includes notches (20) at its free edge that abuts against a front stepped surface (16) of the distributor (11) in the resting position of the coil (13), by the action of a spring (12) located between the bottom of the valve (10) and the coil (13) with interposition of a non-magnetic washer (14); all this in order that in this resting position there is a small flow of fluid to the auxiliary chamber (9) that runs through those notches (20) and anterior grooves (17) of the distributor (11). 4. Hydraulic damper with hydraulic compression lock, according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom of the valve (10) includes at least a small through hole (15). 5. Hydraulic damper with hydraulic compression lock according to claim 3, characterized in that a portion of the spring (12) is housed within a central recess of the coil (13), while another end portion of the spring (12) is adjusted around a central pin of the bottom of the valve (10). 6. Hydraulic damper with hydraulic compression lock, according to claim 2, characterized in that the coil (13) is embedded within the outer tubular body (1) closing one end thereof in correspondence with the distributor (11) closing another end even of the inner tubular body (2) of the shock absorber.