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ES2182358T5 - Procedimiento y dispositivo para iluminación multicolor a diodos electro luminiscentes - Google Patents

Procedimiento y dispositivo para iluminación multicolor a diodos electro luminiscentes Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2182358T5
ES2182358T5 ES98944539.0T ES98944539T ES2182358T5 ES 2182358 T5 ES2182358 T5 ES 2182358T5 ES 98944539 T ES98944539 T ES 98944539T ES 2182358 T5 ES2182358 T5 ES 2182358T5
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Spain
Prior art keywords
leds
data
led
controller
current
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES98944539.0T
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English (en)
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ES2182358T3 (es
Inventor
George G. Mueller
Ihor A. Lys
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Signify North America Corp
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Philips Lighting North America Corp
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Application filed by Philips Lighting North America Corp filed Critical Philips Lighting North America Corp
Publication of ES2182358T3 publication Critical patent/ES2182358T3/es
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/0616Skin treatment other than tanning
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/0618Psychological treatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S4/00Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
    • F21S4/20Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
    • F21S4/28Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports rigid, e.g. LED bars
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/04Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
    • G09G3/06Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/12Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using electroluminescent elements
    • G09G3/14Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2014Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20Controlling the colour of the light
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32Pulse-control circuits
    • H05B45/325Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/395Linear regulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/46Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10Controlling the light source
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/155Coordinated control of two or more light sources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/18Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
    • H05B47/184Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission using digital multiplexed [DMX] communication protocols
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61NELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/065Light sources therefor
    • A61N2005/0651Diodes
    • A61N2005/0652Arrays of diodes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20Light sources comprising attachment means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F21V33/0004Personal or domestic articles
    • F21V33/004Sanitary equipment, e.g. mirrors, showers, toilet seats or paper dispensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F21V33/006General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/02Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
    • F21W2111/027Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like for indicating kerbs, steps or stairs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/08Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for handles or handrails
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/06Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0264Details of driving circuits
    • G09G2310/0272Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers communicating data to the pixels by means of a current
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0666Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3283Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Psychology (AREA)
  • Social Psychology (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)

Description

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DESCRIPCION
Procedimiento y dispositivo para iluminacion multicolor a diodos electro luminiscentes
Esta solicitud reivindica la prioridad de la Solicitud de Patente N° 08/920.156 de los Estados Unidos, presentada el 26 de Agosto de 1997 y se refiere a un aparato de iluminacion que comprende una pluralidad de emisores de luz de al menos dos colores diferentes adaptados para ser acoplados a un circuito de potencia, que incluye una fuente de potencia y una referencia de potencial comun, medios de accionamiento para accionar la pluralidad de emisores de luz, comprendiendo los medios accionadores al menos dos conmutadores conectados a la pluralidad de emisores de luz y a dicho circuito de potencia y que corresponde a trayectorias de corriente respectivas de al menos dos emisores de luz de diferente color. Un aparato de iluminacion de este tipo se describe en el documento US-Aa-5.420.482.
La presente invencion se refiere a proporcionar luz de un color seleccionable que utiliza fuentes de luz, tales como LEDs. Mas particularmente, la presente invencion se refiere a un aparato para proporcionar iluminacion multicolor. Mas particularmente todavfa, la presente invencion es un aparato para proporcionar una red de iluminacion multicolor controlada por ordenador capaz de un alto rendimiento y rapida seleccion y cambio del color.
Se conoce bien que combinando la luz proyectada de un color con la luz proyectada de otro color resultara en la creacion de un tercer color. Es bien conocido tambien que los tres colores primarios utilizados comunmente --rojo, azul y verde-- pueden combinarse en diferentes proporciones para generar casi cualquier color en el espectro visible. La presente invencion toma ventaja de estos efectos combinando la luz proyectada desde al menos dos diodos de emision de luz (LEDS) de colores primarios diferentes. Debena entenderse que para propositos de esta invencion el termino "colores primarios" abarca cualquiera de los colores diferentes que pueden combinarse para crear otros colores.
Las redes de iluminacion por ordenador no son nuevas. La Patente de los Estados Unidos N° 5.420.482, concedida a Phares, describe una red de este tipo que utiliza LEDs coloreados diferentes para generar un color seleccionable. La patente de Phares esta destinada principalmente para uso como un aparato de representacion. Sin embargo, el aparato tiene varios inconvenientes y limitaciones. Primero, cada uno de los LEDs de tres colores en la patente de Phares es accionado a traves de un esquema de polarizacion de transistor en el que la base de transistor es acoplada a un registro de enganche a traves de resistores de polarizacion. Los tres enganches estan conectados todos simultaneamente a las mismas lmeas de datos en el bus de datos.
Esto significa que es imposible en la patente de Phares cambiar las tres desviaciones de transistor LED independiente y simultaneamente. Ademas, la polarizacion de los transistores es ineficiente porque la potencia administrada a los LEDs es mas pequena que la disipada en la red de polarizacion. Esto hace que el dispositivo sea adaptado pobremente para aplicaciones de iluminacion eficientes. La polarizacion del transistor utilizada por la patente de Phares hace tambien diffcil, sino imposible, intercambiar grupos de LEDs que tienen diferentes velocidades de potencia, y de ah diferentes niveles de intensidad.
La Patente de los Estados Unidos N° 4.845.481 concedida a Havel, se dirige a un dispositivo de representacion multicolor. La patente de Havel dirige algunos, pero no todos los problemas de conmutacion asociados con la patente de Phares. La patente de Havel utiliza una senal modulada de anchura de impulso para proporcionar corriente a LEDs respectivos en un ciclo de trabajo particular. Sin embargo, no se hace provision para el control preciso y rapido sobre los colores emitidos. Como una unidad autonoma, el aparato en la patente de Havel sugiere solamente la iluminacion de la red, y por lo tanto carece de cualquier ensenanza de como implementar una red de iluminacion por ordenador modulada de anchura de impulso. Ademas, la patente Havel no aprecia el uso de LEDs mas alla de simples representaciones, tales como para iluminacion.
La Patente de los Estados Unidos N° 5.184.114 concedida a Brown, muestra un sistema de representacion de LE. Pero la patente de Brown carece de cualquier sugerencia de utilizar LEDs para iluminacion, o de utilizar LEDs en un medio de red por ordenador configurable. La Patente de los Estados Unidos N° 5.134.387, concedida a Smith y col., dirigida a una pantalla de matriz LED, contiene problemas similares. Su esquema de control de corriente rudimentaria limita de forma severa el intervalo posible de colores que pueden representarse.
El documento US-A-4.887.074 describe un sistema de representacion de LED controlado por ordenador en el que los LEDs son conmutados on y off, utilizando conmutadores accionados por un controlador, de manera que los LEDs son accionados por un tren de impulsos de luz accionados por intervalos de intensidad de luz substancialmente cero. Sin embargo, D1 no describe ni una tecnica de modulacion de anchura de impulso para ajustar de forma individual la intensidad de luz de los LEDs de diferente color, ni el funcionamiento del controlador en respuesta a una porcion de corriente de datos identificada en una corriente de entrada de datos como que pertenece a ese controlador.
El documento FR-A-2 640 791 describe una red de iluminacion que tiene una pluralidad de unidades de iluminacion, en las que la intensidad de luz de los LEDs se controla variando la magnitud de la corriente
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suministrada. Sin embargo, no se describe el uso de modulacion de anchura de impulso para ajustar un ciclo de trabajo para los LED(s) de cada color, para variar la brillantez. Adicionalmente, tampoco se describe un controlador que, de acuerdo con su direccion alterable ajustada, identifica una porcion de corriente de datos correspondiente utilizada para producir senales PWM para determinar los ciclos de trabajo respectivos de los LEDs de color diferente.
De acuerdo con la invencion se proporciona un aparato de iluminacion de acuerdo con lo reivindicado en la reivindicacion independiente 1.
En una forma de realizacion, el aparato de iluminacion incluye una configuracion de red de arbol binario de unidades de iluminacion (nodos). En otra forma de realizacion, el aparato comprende una carcasa de disipacion del calor, fabricada de un material termo-conductor, para alojar el conjunto de iluminacion. La carcasa de disipacion del calor contiene dos cuadros de circuito apilados que fijan el modulo de potencia y el modulo de luz respectivamente. El modulo de luz esta adaptado para ser intercambiado convenientemente con otros modulos de luz que tienen regfmenes de corriente programable, y de intensidad de luz maxima. Otros modulos de luz de este tipo pueden incluir LEDs organicos, tiras electro-luminiscentes, y otros modulos, ademas de LEDs convencionales.
Aqu se describe una red de iluminacion multicolor controlada por ordenador de alto rendimiento, que es una red de iluminacion de LED.
Aqu se describe una estructura de red de iluminacion de LED capaz tanto de una cadena lineal de nodos como de una configuracion de arbol binaria.
Aqu se describe un aparato de iluminacion de la red de iluminacion que comprende una carcasa de disipacion de calor para contener el aparato de iluminacion.
Aqu se describe un aparato de iluminacion de LED regulado con corriente, donde el aparato contiene modulos de iluminacion teniendo cada uno su propio regimen de corriente maxima y cada uno intercambiable de forma conveniente entre sf.
Aqu se describe un conjunto de iluminacion de LED controlado por corriente por ordenador para uso como un dispositivo de iluminacion general capaz de emitir multiples colores en un espectro de 24 bits programable continuamente.
La invencion se entendera mejor por referencia, por medio de ejemplo, a los dibujos que se acompanan, en los que:
La figura 1 es un circuito electrico estilizado esquematico de un modulo de luz incluido en una primera forma de realizacion de la presente invencion.
La figura 2 es un circuito electrico estilizado esquematico del modulo de potencia de la primera forma de realizacion de la presente invencion.
La figura 3 es una vista despiezada de la carcasa de una realizacion practica de la presente invencion.
La figura 4 es una vista en planta del lado que contiene LED del modulo de luz de esta forma de realizacion.
La figura 5 es una vista en planta del lado del conector electrico del modulo de luz de la misma forma de realizacion.
La figura 6 es una vista en planta del lado del terminal de potencia del modulo de potencia de la misma forma de realizacion.
La figura 7 es una vista en planta del lado del conector electrico del modulo de potencia de la misma forma de realizacion.
La estructura y funcionamiento de una forma de realizacion preferida se describira ahora. Debena entenderse que son disponibles muchas otras formas de practicar las invenciones, y las formas de realizacion descritas aqrn son ejemplares y no limitativas, distintas de las que caen dentro del alcance de las reivindicaciones adjuntas.
Volviendo a la figura 1, se muestra una representacion esquematica electrica de un modulo de luz 100 de la presente invencion. Las figuras 4 y 5 muestran el lado que contiene LED y el lado de conector electrico del modulo de luz 100. El modulo de luz 110 es autonomo y esta configurado para ser un artfculo estandar intercambiable con cualquier modulo de luz construido de forma similar. El modulo de luz 100 contiene un conector electrico de diez pines 110 del tipo general. En esta forma de realizacion, el conector 110 contiene pines macho adaptados para
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ajustar dentro un conjunto hembra de conector de diez pines complementario, que se describe a continuacion. El pin 180 es el suministro de potencia. Una fuente de potencial electrico DC entre en el modulo 100 en el pin 180. El pin 180 es conectado electricamente al extremo del anodo de los conjuntos (LED) de diodo de emision de luz 120, 140 y 160 para establecer un potencial alto uniforme en cada extremo del anodo.
El conjunto de LED 120 contiene LEDs rojos, el conjunto 140 contiene LEDs azules y el conjunto 160 contiene LEDs verdes, cada uno se puede obtener a partir de Nichia America Corporation. Estos LEDs son colores primarios, en el sentido de que tales colores cuando se combinan en proporciones preseleccionadas pueden generar cualquier color en el espectro. Aunque los tres colores primarios son preferidos, se entendera que la presente invencion funcionara casi igual con solamente dos colores primarios para generar cualquier color en el espectro. De igual modo, mientras los colores primarios diferentes estan dispuestos aqrn en conjuntos de LED coloreados uniformemente, se apreciara que el mismo efecto puede conseguirse con LEDs individuales que contienen tintes semiconductores de emision de color multiples. Los conjuntos de LED 120, 140, y 160 contienen cada uno preferiblemente una matriz en serie/paralelo de LEDs de la manera descrita por Okuno en la Patente de los Estados Unidos N° 4.298.869 incorporada aqrn por referencia. En la presente forma de realizacion, el conjunto de LED 120 contiene tres filas conectadas en paralelo de nueve LEDs rojos (no mostrados), y los conjuntos de LED 140 y 160 contienen cada uno cinco filas conectadas en paralelo de cinco LEDs azul y verde, respectivamente (no mostrados). Debe entenderse por los tecnicos en la materia que, en general, cada LED rojo hace caer el potencial en la lmea por una cantidad mas baja que cada LED azul o verde, aproximadamente 2,1 V, comparada a 4,0 V, respectivamente, que representa las longitudes de fila diferentes. Esto es porque el numero de LEDs en cada fila se determina por la cantidad de cafda de tension deseada entre el extremo de anodo en la tension de suministro de potencia y el extremo del catodo del LED ultimo en la fila. Ademas, la disposicion paralela de filas es una medida a prueba de fallos que asegura que el modulo de luz 100 funcionara todavfa incluso si un LED individual falla en una fila, abriendo asf el circuito electrico en ese fila. Los extremos del catodo de las tres filas paralelas de nueve LEDs rojos en el conjunto de LED 120 son conectadas entonces en comun, y van al pin 128 en el conector 110. De igual modo, los extremos del catodo de las cinco filas paralelas de cinco LEDs azul en el conjunto de LED 140 se conectan en comun y van al pin 148 en el conector 110. Los extremos del catodo de las cinco filas paralelas de cinco LEDs verde en el conjunto de LED 160 estan conectados en comun, y van al pin 168 en el conector 110. Finalmente, en el modulo de luz 100, cada conjunto de LED se asocia con un resistor de programacion que se combina con otros componentes, descritos a continuacion, para programar la corriente maxima a traves de cada conjunto de LEDS. Entre el pin 124 y 126 esta el resistor 122, 6,2 Q. Entre el pin 144 y 146 esta el resistor 142, 4,7 Q. Entre el pin 164 y 166 esta el resistor 162, 4,7 Q. El resistor 122 programa la corriente maxima a traves del conjunto LED rojo 120, el resistor 142 programa la corriente maxima a traves del conjunto LED azul 140, y el resistor 162 programa la corriente maxima a traves del conjunto LED verde 160. Los valores que estos resistores debenan adoptar son determinados empmcamente, basados en la intensidad de luz maxima deseada de cada conjunto de LED. En la presente forma de realizacion, las resistencias programan antes corrientes rojo, azul y verde de 70, 50 y 50 |uA, respectivamente.
Con la estructura electrica del modulo de luz 100 descrito, se prestara atencion ahora a la estructura electrica del modulo de potencia 200, mostrado en la figura 2. Las figuras 6 y 7 muestran el lado del terminal de potencia y el lado del conector electrico de una forma de realizacion del modulo de potencia 200. Como el modulo de luz 100, el modulo de potencia 200 es autonomo. La interconexion con el conjunto de pin macho 110 se consigue a traves del conjunto de pin hembra complementario 210. El pin 280 se conecta con el pin 180 para suministrar potencia, administrada al pin 280 desde el suministro 300. El suministro 300 se muestra como un bloque funcional para simplicidad. En la actualidad, el suministro 300 puede adoptar numerosas formas para generar una tension DC. En la presente forma de realizacion, el suministro 300 proporciona 24 Voltios a traves de un terminal de conexion (no mostrado), acoplado al pin 280 a traves de condensadores de proteccion transitorios (no mostrados) del tipo general. Se apreciara que el suministro 300 pude tambien suministrar una tension DC despues de la transformacion de rectificacion y/o tension de un suministro AC, como se describe mas completamente en la Patente de los Estados Unidos N° 4.298.869.
Tambien estan conectados al conector de pin 210 tres circuitos integrados de programacion de corriente, ICR 220, ICB 240 e ICG 260. Cada uno de estos es un regulador ajustable tres terminales, preferiblemente numero de partes LM317B, disponible de National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Las ensenanzas de la hoja de datos LM317 se incorporan aqrn por referencia. Cada regulador contiene un terminal de entrada, un terminal de salida y un terminal de ajuste, etiquetado I, O, y A, respectivamente. Los reguladores funcionan para mantener un corriente maxima constante dentro del terminal de entrada y fuera del terminal de salida. Esta corriente maxima es pre-programada ajustando una resistencia entre la salida y los terminales de ajuste. Esto es debido a que el regulador provocara la tension en el terminal de entrada para ajustar a cualquier valor que sea necesario para provocar 1,25 V para aparecer a traves del resistor de conjunto de corriente fija, provocando asf que fluya corriente constante. Puesto que cada una de las funciones de forma identica, solamente se describiran ahora ICR220. Primero, la corriente entra en el terminal de entrada de ICR 220 desde el pin 228. Por supuesto, el pin 228 en el modulo de potencia es acoplado al pin 128 en el modulo de luz, y recibe corriente directamente desde el extremo del catodo del conjunto de LED rojo 120. Puesto que el resistor 122 esta dispuesto de forma ordinaria entre los terminales de salida y de ajuste de ICR 220 a traves de los pines 224/124 y 226/126, el resistor 122 programa la cantidad de corriente regulada por ICR 220. Eventualmente, la salida de corriente desde el terminal de ajuste de ICR 220 entra en un accionador Darlington. De este modo, ICR 220 y el resistor asociado 122 programa
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la corriente maxima a traves del conjunto de LED rojo 120. Se consiguen resultados similares con ICB 240 y el resistor 142 para conjunto de LED azul 140, y con ICG 260 y el resistor 162 para conjunto de LED verde 160.
Las corrientes de LED rojo, azul y verde entran en otro circuito integrado, IC1380, en nodos respectivos 324, 344 y 364. IC1 380 es preferiblemente un accionador Darlington de corriente/tension alta parte n° DS2003 disponible de National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. IC1380 se utiliza como un disipador de corriente, y funciona para conmutar corriente entre conjuntos de LED respectivos y tierra 390. Como se describe en la hoja de datos DS2003, incorporada aqrn por referencia, ICI contiene seis conjuntos de transistores Darlington con resistores de polarizacion de cuadro apropiados. Como se muestra, los nodos 324, 344 y 364 acoplan la corriente desde los conjuntos de LED respectivos a tres parejas de estos transistores Darlington, de la manera bien conocida para tomar ventaja del hecho que el regimen de corriente de IC1380 puede doblarse utilizando parejas de transistores de Darlington para profundizar corrientes respectivas. Cada una de las tres parejas de Darlington de cuadro se utilizan en la siguiente manera como un conmutador. La base de cada pareja de Darlington esta acoplada a las entradas de senal 424, 444 y 464, respectivamente. De atu, la entrada 424 es la entrada de senal para conmutar corriente a traves del nodo 324, y por lo tanto el conjunto de LED rojo 120. La entrada 444 es la entrada de senal para conmutar corriente a traves del nodo 344, y por lo tanto el conjunto de LED azul 140. La entrada 464 es la entrada de senal para conmutar corriente a traves del nodo 364, y por lo tanto el conjunto de LED verde 160. Las entradas de senal 424, 444 y 464 estan acopladas a salidas de senal respectivas 434, 454 y 474 en el microcontrolador IC2 400, como se describe a continuacion. Esencialmente, cuando una onda cuadrada de alta frecuencia es incidente en una entrada de senal respectiva, ICI 380 conmuta corriente a traves de un nodo respectivo con el ciclo de frecuencia y de trabajo identicos. Por lo tanto, en funcionamiento, los estados de entradas de senal 424, 444 y 464 tienen correlacion directamente con la apertura y cierre del circuito de potencia a traves de conjuntos de LED respectivos 120, 140 y 160.
La estructura y funcionamiento del microcontrolador IC400 se describira ahora. El microcontrolador IC2 400 es preferiblemente una marca de MICROCHIP PIC16C63, aunque casi cualquier microcontrolador o microprocesador programado de forma adecuada pueden realizar las funciones de software descritas aqrn. La funcion principal del microcontrolador IC2 400 es convertir los datos numericos recibidos en el pin Rx en serie 520 dentro de las ondas cuadradas de alta frecuencia de frecuencia uniforme pero independientemente ciclos de trabajo en pines de salida de senal 434.454 y 474. La representacion de la figura 2 del microcontrolador IC2 400 es estilizada, porque personas tecnicas en la materia apreciaran que algunos de estos veintiocho pines estandar se han omitido o combinado para mayor claridad.
El microcontrolador IC2 400 es accionado a traves del pin 450, que es acoplado a una fuente de 5 voltios de potencia DC 700. La fuente 700 es accionada preferiblemente desde el suministro 300 a traves de un acoplamiento (no mostrado) que incluye un regulador de tension (no mostrado). Un regulador de tension ejemplar es el regulador positivo de terminal-3 LM340-3, disponible de National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Las ensenanzas de la hoja de datos LM340 son incorporadas por lo tanto por referencia. Aquellos tecnicos en la materia apreciaran que muchos microcontroladores, y muchos otros circuitos integrados digitales accionados de forma independiente, son ajustados para no mas de una fuente de potencia de 5 voltios. La frecuencia del reloj del microcontrolador IC2400 se ajusta por el cristal 480, acoplado a traves de pines apropiados. El pin 490 es la referencia de puesta a tierra IC2 400 del microcontrolador.
El conmutador 600 es un conmutador de profundidad de posicion doce que puede ser ajustarse de forma alterable y mecanicamente para identificar unicamente el microcontrolador IC2 400. Cuando se cierran algunos de los doce conmutadores mecanicos dentro del conmutador profundo 600, se genera una trayectoria desde los pines correspondientes 650 en el microcontrolador IC2 400 hasta tierra 690.
Los doce conmutadores crean ajustes posibles 2", permitiendo que cualquier microcontrolador IC2 400 tome uno de los 4096 IDs diferente, o direcciones. En la forma de realizacion preferida solamente nueve conmutadores son utilizados realmente debido a que se emplea el protocolo DMX-512, descrito a continuacion.
Una vez que el conmutador 600 se ajusta, el microcontrolador IC2 400 "conoce" su direccion unica ("quien soy"), y "escucha" en lmea de serie 520 para una corriente de datos dirigida de forma espedfica a el. Un protocolo de red de alta velocidad, preferiblemente, un protocolo DMX, se utiliza para dirigir los datos de red a cada microcontrolador dirigido de forma individual IC2 400 desde un controlador de red central (no mostrado). El protocolo DMX se describe en un United States Theatre Tecnology Inc., publicacion titulada "DMX512/1990 Digital Data Transmission Standard for Dimmers and Controllers", incorporado aqrn por referencia. Basicamente, en el protocolo de red utilizado aqrn, un controlador central (no mostrado) crea una corriente de datos de red que consta de paquetes de datos secuenciales. Cada paquete contiene primero una cabecera, que es verificado para conformacion a la norma y descartado, seguido por una corriente de bytes secuenciales que representan datos para dispositivos dirigidos secuencialmente. Por ejemplo, si el paquete de datos esta destinado para iluminar el numero quince, entonces los catorce bytes desde la corriente de datos se descartaran, y el dispositivo salvara el byte numero quince. Si como en la forma de realizacion preferida, se necesita mas de un byte, entonces la direccion es considerada que es una direccion de inicio, y mas de un byte es salvado y utilizado. Cada byte corresponde a un numero decimal 0 a 255, linealmente que representa la intensidad deseada desde Desconexion
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a Completo. (Para simplicidad, los detalles de los paquetes de datos tales como cabeceras y bits de parada se omiten a partir de esta descripcion, y seran bien apreciados por aquellos tecnicos en la materia). Esta manera, cada uno de los tres colores LED es asignado a valor de intensidad discreto entre 0 y 255. Estos valores de intensidad respectivos son almacenados en registro respectivos dentro de la memoria del microcontrolador IC2 400 (no mostrada). Una vez que el controlador central expulsa todos los paquetes de datos, se inicia en un ciclo de regeneracion continuo. El ciclo de regeneracion se define por la norma para ser un mmimo de 1196 microsegundos, y un maximo de 1 segundo.
El microcontrolador IC2 400 es programado continuamente para "escuchar" sus corrientes de datos. Cuando el microcontrolador IC2 400 esta "escuchando", pero antes de que detecte un paquete de datos destinado para el, ejecuta una rutina disenada para crear las salidas de senal de onda cuadrada en pines 434, 454 y 474. Los valores de registro de color determinan el ciclo de trabajo de la onda cuadrada. Puesto que cada registro puede adoptar un valor de 0 a 255, estos valores crean 256 posibles ciclos de trabajo diferentes en un intervalo lineal desde 0 % a 100 %. Puesto que la frecuencia de onda cuadrada es uniforme y determinada por la ejecucion del programa en el microcontrolador IC2 400, estos diferentes ciclos de trabajo discretos representan variaciones en la anchura de los impulsos de onda cuadrada. Esto es conocido como modulacion de anchura de impulso (PWM).
La rutina de interrupcion PWM es implementada utilizando un contador simple, que incrementa desde 0 a 255 en un ciclo durante cada periodo de salida de onda cuadrada en pines 434, 454 y 474. Cuando el contador pasa a cero, todas las tres senales se ajustan altas. Una vez que el contador iguala el valor de registro, la salida de senal se cambia a baja. Cuando el microcontrolador IC2 400 recibe nuevos datos, congela el contador, copia los nuevos datos a los registros de trabajo, compara los nuevos valores de registro con la cuenta de corriente y actualiza los pines de salida por consiguiente, y entonces reinicia el contador exactamente donde lo dejo. Por lo tanto, los valores de intensidad pueden actualizarse en la mitad del ciclo PWM. La congelacion del contador y la actualizacion simultanea de las salidas de senal tienen al menos dos ventajas. Primero, permite que cada unidad de iluminacion impulse/seleccione como lo hace una luz de seleccion. Tal seleccion sucede cuando el controlador central envfa datos de red que tienen valores de alta intensidad alternativamente con datos de red que tienen valores de intensidad cero a una velocidad rapida. Si uno reinicia el contador sin actualizar primero las salidas de senal, entonces el ojo humano sena capaz de percibir la desactivacion escalonada de cada LED de color individual que es ajustado en una anchura de impulso diferente. Esta caractenstica no tiene que ver con luces incandescentes debido al efecto de integracion asociado con el ciclo de calentamiento y de refrigeracion del elemento de iluminacion. LEDs, a diferencia de los elementos incandescentes, se activan y desactivan esencialmente de forma instantanea en la presente solicitud. La segunda ventaja es que uno puede "reducir la intensidad" de los LEDs sin parpadear que ocurrina de otra manera si el contador fuera reajustado a cero. El controlador central puede enviar una senal de reduccion de intensidad continua cuando crea una secuencia de valores de intensidad que representan una disminucion uniforme y proporcional en la intensidad de luz para cada LED de color. Si uno no actualizara las senales de salida antes del reinicio del contador, existe una posibilidad que un LED de color individual ira a traves casi de dos ciclos sin experimentar el estado de corriente cero de su ciclo de trabajo. Por ejemplo, se supone que el registro rojo es ajustado a 4, y el contador es ajustado a 3 cuando es congelado. Aqrn, el contador es congelado justo antes de la "parte de desconexion" del ciclo PWM se produce para los LEDs rojos. Ahora se supone que los datos de red cambian el valor en el registro rojo desde 4 a 2 y el contador es reiniciado sin desactivar la senal de salida. Aunque el contador es mayor que el valor de la intensidad en el registro rojo, el estado de salida esta todavfa en "conexion", lo que significa que la corriente maxima esta todavfa fluyendo a traves de los LEDs rojos. Entretanto, los LEDs azul y verde probablemente se desconectaran en sus tiempos apropiados en el ciclo pWm. Esto sena percibido por el ojo humano como un parpadeo rojo en el curso de oscurecimiento de las intensidades del color. La congelacion del contador y la actualizacion de la salida para el resto del ciclo PWM superan estos inconvenientes asegurando que no se produzca el parpadeo.
La interfaz de red para el microcontrolador IC2 400 se describira ahora. Las clavijas 800 y 900 son clavijas de red RJ-8 estandar. La clavija 800 es utilizada como una clavija de entrada, y se muestra para simplicidad como que tiene solamente tres entradas: entradas de senal 860, 870 y de tierra 850. Los datos de la red entran en la clavija 800 y pasan a traves de las entradas de senal 860 y 870. Estas entradas de senal estan acopladas entonces a IC3 500, que es un repetidor de bus diferencial RS-485/RS-422 del tipo estandar, preferiblemente un DS96177 desde el National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Las ensenanzas de la hoja de datos DS96177 se incorporan por lo tanto por referencia. Las entradas de senal 860, 870 entran en IC3500 en pines 560, 570. La senal de datos se pasa a traves del pasador 510 al pasador 520 en el microcontrolador IC2 400. La misma senal de datos es entonces retornada desde el pin 540 en IC2 400 al pin 530 en IC3 500. La clavija 900 es utilizada como una clavija de salida y se muestra para simplicidad como que tiene solamente cinco salidas: salidas de senal 960, 970, 980, 990 y a tierra 950. Las salidas 960 y 970 estan divididas directamente desde las lmeas de entrada 860 y 870, respectivamente. Las salidas 980 y 990 salen directamente desde IC3 500 pines 580 y 590, respectivamente. Se apreciara que el conjunto precedente permite que se conecten dos nodos de red para recibir los datos de red. Por lo tanto, una red puede construirse como una cadena tipo margarita, si solamente nodos individuales son ensartados juntos, o como un arbol binario, si dos nodos son fijados a la salida de cada nodo individual.
A partir de la descripcion precedente, se puede ver que una red direccionable de unidades de representacion o de iluminacion LED puede construirse a partir de una acumulacion de modulos de potencia cada uno conectado a un modulo de luz respectivo. Mientras al menos se utilizan dos LEDs de color primario, puede generarse cualquier
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color de iluminacion o de representacion simplemente preseleccionando la intensidad de luz que emite cada LED de color. Ademas, cada LED de color puede emitir luz a cualquiera de las intensidades diferentes 255, dependiendo del ciclo de trabajo de onda cuadrada PWM, con un impulso de intensidad volatil generado pasando la maxima corriente a traves del LED. Todavfa ademas, la intensidad maxima puede programarse convenientemente ajustando simplemente el techo para la corriente maxima permisible utilizando resistencias de programacion para los reguladores de corriente que residen en el modulo de luz. Los modulos de luz de regfmenes de corriente maxima diferentes pueden por lo tanto intercambiarse de forma conveniente.
La forma de realizacion precedente puede residir en cualquier numero de diferentes carcasas. Una carcasa preferida se describe para una unidad de iluminacion. Volviendo ahora a la figura 3, se muestra una vista despiezada de una unidad de iluminacion de la presente invencion que comprende una seccion de cuerpo substancialmente cilmdrico 10, un modulo de luz 20, un manguito conductor 30, un modulo de potencia 40, un segundo manguito conductor 50, y una placa de recinto 60. Debe asumirse aqu que el modulo de luz 20 y el modulo de potencia 40 contienen la estructura electrica y software de modulo de luz 100 y modulo de potencia 200, descrito antes. Los tornillos 62, 64, 66, 68 permiten que el aparato entero se conecte mecanicamente. La seccion de cuerpo 10, los manguitos conductores 30 y 50 y la placa de recinto 60 estan hechos preferiblemente de un material que conduzca calor, mas preferiblemente aluminio. La seccion de cuerpo 10 tiene un extremo abierto, una porcion interior reflectora y un extremo de iluminacion, al que se fija mecanicamente el modulo 20. El modulo de luz 20 esta configurado en disco y tiene dos lados. El lado de iluminacion (no mostrado) comprende una pluralidad de LEDs de colores primarios diferentes. El lado de conexion fija un conjunto de pin macho de conector electrico 22. Tanto el lado de iluminacion como el lado de conexion estan revestidos con superficies de aluminio para permitir mejor la conduccion de calor hacia la pluralidad de LEDs a la seccion de cuerpo 10. De igual modo, el modulo de potencia 40 esta configurado en disco y tiene cada superficie disponible cubierta con aluminio por la misma razon. El modulo de potencia 40 tiene un lado de conexion que fija un conjunto de pin hembra de conector electrico 44 adaptado para ajustar los pines desde el conjunto 22. El modulo de potencia 40 tiene un lado de termina de potencia que fija un terminal 42 para conexion a una fuente de potencia DC. Puede utilizarse cualquier clavija AC o DC estandar, como sea apropiado.
Entre el modulo de luz 20 y el modulo de potencia 40 esta interpuesto un manguito de aluminio conductor 30, que incluye substancialmente el espacio entre los modulos 20 y 40. Como se muestra, una placa de recinto en forma de disco 60 y los tornillos 62, 64, 66 y 68 sellan juntos todos los componentes, y el manguito conductor 50 es interpuesto por lo tanto entre la placa de recinto 60 y el modulo de potencia 40. Una vez sellado junto como una unidad, el aparato de iluminacion puede conectarse a una red de datos como se describe anteriormente y se monta de cualquier manera conveniente para iluminar un area. En funcionamiento, preferiblemente un medio de difusion de luz se insertara en la seccion de cuerpo 10 para asegurar que los LEDs en el modulo de luz 20 aparecen para emitir una frecuencia uniforme individual de luz.
A partir de lo que precede, se apreciara que el control de corriente PWM de LEDs para producir multiples colores puede incorporarse dentro de medios incontables, con una red.
Aunque lo precedente ha sido una descripcion detallada de la forma de realizacion preferida de la invencion, las reivindicaciones que siguen definen mas libremente el alcance de la invencion de la que es titular la Firma solicitante.

Claims (11)

  1. 5
    10
    15
    20
    25
    30
    35
    40
    45
    REIVINDICACIONES
    1. Un aparato de iluminacion que comprende:
    una pluralidad de emisores de luz de al menos dos colores diferentes adaptados para ser acoplados a un circuito de potencia que incluye una fuente de potencia (300) y una referencia de potencial comun (390); medios de accionamiento (380) para accionar la pluralidad de emisores de luz, comprendiendo los medios accionadores al menos dos conmutadores conectados a la pluralidad de emisores de luz y dicho circuito de potencia y que corresponde a trayectorias de corriente respectivas de al menos dos emisores de luz de color diferentes; y
    responder a una porcion de respectiva de una corriente de entrada de datos asignada a la misma, cuya porcion de corriente de datos es asignada al controlador, cada emisor de luz es un LED; y
    estando dispuesto dicho controlador (400) para generar una pluralidad de senales PWM, las senales PWM tienen una frecuencia uniforme, correspondiendo cada senal a un color, respectivamente, de la pluralidad de LEDs de colores diferentes, provocando cada una de dichas senales PWM que se abra y se cierre uno respectivo de al menos dos conmutadores a la frecuencia uniforme de acuerdo con los respectivos ciclos de trabajo independiente, y donde dicha porcion de corriente de datos comprende datos para determinar los ciclos de trabajo respectivos de al menos dos LEDs de color diferentes.
  2. 2. Aparato de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 1, donde el controlador comprende al menos dos registros para al menos LEDs de color diferente, dispuestos, respectivamente, para almacenar valores de datos respectivos de la porcion de corriente de datos para al menos dos LEDs de color diferente, estando dispuesto el controlador para utilizar estos valores de datos para determinar los ciclos de trabajo respectivos de los LEDs de color correspondientes.
  3. 3. Aparato de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 1 o 2, que comprende una carcasa que incluye substancialmente la pluralidad de LEDs, los medios accionadores y el controlador.
  4. 4. Aparato de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 1 o 2, que comprende adicionalmente un regulador de corriente para
    controlar las corrientes maximas respectivas suministradas a lo largo de dichas trayectorias de corriente a la
    pluralidad de LEDs, para mantener las corrientes maximas en valores maximos constantes.
  5. 5. Aparato de acuerdo con la reivindicacion 3, que comprende adicionalmente un regulador de corriente para
    controlar las corrientes maximas respectivas suministradas a lo largo de dichas trayectorias de corriente a la
    pluralidad de LEDs, para mantener las corrientes maximas en valores maximos constantes, incluyendo substancialmente la carcasa el regulador de corriente, ademas de la pluralidad de LEDs, los medios accionadores y el controlador.
  6. 6. Aparato de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde cada LED es un LED organico.
  7. 7. Aparato de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde el controlador esta dispuesto para identificar y responder a dicha porcion de corriente de entrada de datos respectiva de acuerdo con un protocolo de datos DMX.
  8. 8. Aparato de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde cada porcion de corriente de entrada de datos comprende un byte respectivo para cada color de LED, conteniendo dicho byte 8 bits de datos para definir la intensidad del color de LED respectivo dentro de un intervalo que corresponde con los numeros decimales 0 a 255, estando dispuesto el controlador para controlar la anchura del impulso de cada senal PWM de acuerdo con el contenido de bit de cada byte respectivo.
  9. 9. Aparato de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde dicha pluralidad de LEDs comprende LEDs rojo, verde y azul.
  10. 10. Aparato de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, donde dicha pluralidad de LEDs comprende una matriz en serie/paralelo de LEDs.
  11. 11. Una red de iluminacion que comprende un controlador central para crear una corriente de entrada de datos; y una pluralidad de aparatos de iluminacion de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicacion precedente, estando dispuesto dicho aparato para recibir dicha corriente de datos y que tiene su conjunto de direccion alterable para responder a porciones diferentes de la corriente de entrada de datos.
ES98944539.0T 1997-08-26 1998-08-26 Procedimiento y dispositivo para iluminación multicolor a diodos electro luminiscentes Expired - Lifetime ES2182358T5 (es)

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US08/920,156 US6016038A (en) 1997-08-26 1997-08-26 Multicolored LED lighting method and apparatus
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US6016038A (en) 2000-01-18
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