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EP4532393B1 - Procédé de mesure de la distance de freinage d'un escalier roulant ou d'un tapis roulant - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure de la distance de freinage d'un escalier roulant ou d'un tapis roulant

Info

Publication number
EP4532393B1
EP4532393B1 EP23723908.2A EP23723908A EP4532393B1 EP 4532393 B1 EP4532393 B1 EP 4532393B1 EP 23723908 A EP23723908 A EP 23723908A EP 4532393 B1 EP4532393 B1 EP 4532393B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
escalator
conveyor belt
braking distance
moving walkway
marking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP23723908.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4532393A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Neszmerak
Christoph Makovec
Gerhard Kleewein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Publication of EP4532393A1 publication Critical patent/EP4532393A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4532393B1 publication Critical patent/EP4532393B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B31/00—Accessories for escalators, or moving walkways, e.g. for sterilising or cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B27/00—Indicating operating conditions of escalators or moving walkways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the braking distance of an escalator or moving walkway, a braking distance measuring device for carrying out this method, and an escalator or moving walkway with such a braking distance measuring device.
  • Escalators and moving walkways are used to transport people and are found in department stores, shopping malls, train stations, airports, and similar locations. They feature a conveyor belt that is mounted around the perimeter of the escalator or moving walkway and can be driven by a motor. Because these systems transport people, they are subject to stringent safety requirements, such as those defined in the European standard EN115-1 or the US standard ASME A17.1 / CSA B44.
  • EN 115-1 specifies a standard braking distance for escalators and moving walkways with a nominal speed of 0.75 m/s (operating speed) in the range of 0.4 m to 1.5 m, whereby the maximum permissible deceleration of 1 m/ s2 must not be exceeded.
  • the JP2008265971A a braking distance measuring device and a method for carrying out this measurement.
  • a linear measuring scale is attached to the conveyor belt, and an optical sensor is temporarily mounted on a fixed part of the escalator or moving walkway and connected to the escalator's control system.
  • the conveyor belt is then brought up to operating speed.
  • a stop signal is sent to the control system, and the conveyor belt is braked.
  • the distance traveled by the optical sensor on the measuring scale corresponds to the standard braking distance.
  • This measurement method thus fully complies with the EN115-1 standard, which stipulates that the braking distance must be measured from the moment the stop signal is triggered until the conveyor belt comes to a complete stop. Furthermore, the standard recommends keeping the standard braking distance as close as possible to the lower limit of the range (0.4 m in this example).
  • the braking distance measurement method described above has the disadvantage that it also records periods without braking torque, such as the reaction times of the optical sensor, the control unit, and the electromechanical switches (contactor or relay) controlled by the control unit, as well as the brake's reaction time from the interruption of the ventilation current until the braking torque begins to act. Therefore, the described braking distance measurement method does not provide results that accurately reflect the actual braking behavior of the brake (braking distance while the braking torque is acting).
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a braking distance measurement method which delivers more precise measurement results regarding the actual braking behavior of the brake.
  • This task is solved by the following procedure for measuring the braking distance of an escalator or moving walkway, and with a braking distance measuring device for carrying out this procedure.
  • the escalator or moving walkway on which such a measurement can be performed has a conveyor belt, at least one drive motor for powering the conveyor belt, a brake for decelerating the conveyor belt, and a control unit.
  • the drive motor and the brake can be controlled by the control unit.
  • the method for measuring the braking distance can be used for all known brake types. Escalators and moving walkways are used.
  • a braking distance measuring device is arranged in the area of the conveyor belt, which includes at least one triggering device connectable to the control system, an optically detectable linear measuring scale and an optical sensor.
  • the procedure for measuring the braking distance comprises several steps, which can be carried out in the following order. However, this order is not mandatory; where appropriate, steps can be performed before or after others, or further steps, as described in the following paragraphs, can be inserted between these steps.
  • the linear measuring scale is positioned in the escalator or moving walkway such that, as a result of the conveyor belt's movement, it exhibits a relative motion to a marker.
  • This relative motion can be captured by the optical sensor, for example, as an image sequence.
  • the conveyor belt is accelerated to a predetermined speed.
  • This predetermined speed typically corresponds to the normal operating speed, usually referred to as the rated speed.
  • the predetermined speed can also be faster or slower than the rated speed if different operating conditions of the service brake are to be tested.
  • a stop signal is sent to the control unit via the release mechanism.
  • This stop signal can be triggered manually, for example, by entering a command into the release mechanism.
  • the stop signal can be generated automatically by the release mechanism, for example, by having the predefined speed trigger the stop signal in the release mechanism.
  • the optical sensor is used to record the relative motion sequence at least from the stop signal until the The conveyor belt must come to a complete standstill.
  • the braking distance measuring device also includes an acoustic sensor that records the brake operating noises synchronously with the optical recording. These brake operating noises represent the actual braking action in chronological order. Since the recording of the relative motion sequence was synchronous, the beginning of the brake operating noises can be clearly assigned to a specific frame of the relative motion sequence captured as an image sequence. To determine the braking distance, a subsequent frame from the captured image sequence of the motion sequence must be selected, one that was clearly captured at a point in time when no brake operating noises were present. By comparing the two frames, the braking distance traveled during the actual braking action can be read from the different positions of the marker relative to the measuring scale.
  • the braking distance measured in this way allows, for example, a more precise calculation of the average deceleration of the brakes. It is also possible to record a braking curve (distance/time diagram, where time is defined by the number of frames per second) by evaluating the braking distance step by step from frame to frame, from which the maximum deceleration can be read. Based on these measurement results, the brakes can be adjusted to near the maximum permissible deceleration. This minimizes the actual braking distance without exceeding the defined maximum deceleration value.
  • Measuring the braking distance during actual brake application also offers advantages for diagnosing the technical condition of escalators or moving walkways. For example, the condition of the brake pads and/or their changes compared to previous measurements can be assessed more precisely.
  • the triggering time of the stop signal can also be recorded, allowing it to be associated with a corresponding image in the recorded sequence. If the optical recording of the motion sequence begins with the stop signal, this is logically the first image. The reaction time of the braking system until the actual application of braking torque, and the distance traveled during this process, can then be determined by comparing the two recording times: this first image and the image from the beginning of the... Brake operating noises will occur.
  • reaction length The distance traveled by the marker, hereinafter referred to as the reaction length, can also be determined using these two images.
  • a reaction time or reaction length that is too long compared to expected values may indicate that, for example, the contactors mentioned above need to be replaced.
  • the EN115-1 standard stipulates that the braking distance measurement must be taken from the moment the stop signal is triggered until the conveyor belt has come to a complete standstill. This standard braking distance can be determined by simply adding the reaction length and the braking distance.
  • the recording of the relative motion and the recording of the synchronously recorded brake operating noises are displayed as a graphically represented audio track in parallel within an image sequence. This makes it much easier to identify the two or three relevant images within an image sequence, as previously described, since the images no longer need to be first assigned based on the temporal sequence of the brake operating noises by reading out the recording times.
  • a starting position of the marker relative to the measuring scale is extracted using a starting point of the brake operating noise. Furthermore, an end position of the marker relative to the measuring scale is also extracted from the cessation of the brake operating noise.
  • the image containing the end position can also be defined by a fixed end position at which no brake operating noise is present, since once the conveyor belt has come to a standstill, no brake operating noise is present and all subsequently recorded images in the image sequence look exactly the same.
  • the starting and ending positions are determined automatically from the graphically represented brake operating noise or the audio track using an image processing program.
  • the image processing program uses known image analysis methods and algorithms from the electronic processing of video sequences. These analysis algorithms are based, for example, on Known image processing techniques are optimized and applied in self-learning processes using artificial intelligence in neural networks.
  • a common image processing technique for generating information from an image is, for example, the calculation of the histogram, which provides information about the statistical brightness distribution in the image. Such a histogram can serve, for example, as a configuration for further image processing steps or as information for a human user of software.
  • Other computable information about an image includes its entropy or average brightness.
  • vector analyses can be performed to determine how individual distinctive points shift relative to each other, and from this, conclusions can be drawn about movement scenarios of the markers relative to the measurement scale.
  • an image analysis of the sound track optically represented in the image sequence can be performed, and the image containing the starting point of the brake noise, as well as one of the images in the sequence where the disappearance of the brake noise is clearly recognizable, can be marked within the image sequence.
  • an analysis of the noise level of the recorded brake operation noise can also be carried out, so that the time of the start and end of brake operation can be determined and the corresponding images from the image sequence can be identified via the temporal assignment.
  • the distance between the starting position and the end position is determined by comparing the two marked images in the image sequence. This distance corresponds to the braking distance covered during braking.
  • the different positions of the marker relative to the measuring scale can be read, for example, by optical character recognition (OCR) of numbers plotted on the measuring scale and subsequent difference calculation.
  • OCR optical character recognition
  • the triggering device is connected to the control unit.
  • the triggering device receives operating data of the drive motor from the control unit, and a stop signal is sent to the control unit as soon as the drive motor reaches a speed that corresponds to the predetermined speed of the conveyor belt.
  • the stop signal can be manually entered into the triggering device, for example, by pressing a push button or via a keypad on the triggering device. Once the stop signal has been entered, it is immediately transmitted from the triggering device to the controller. Additional commands can be transmitted to the controller via the keypad, which can also be generated on a touchscreen of the triggering device.
  • the start command can be entered via the keypad so that the controller sets the conveyor belt in motion.
  • the conveying direction or the direction of movement of the conveyor belt can also be entered via the keypad.
  • the controller can transmit operating data of the passenger transport system, such as the current speed, to the triggering device, which can then be displayed on the screen.
  • the controller can also transmit safety-related messages to the triggering device, so that, for example, a refusal of the start command and the underlying reason can be displayed on its screen.
  • the braking distance measuring device for carrying out the aforementioned method comprises at least one triggering device connectable to the controller, an optically detectable linear measuring scale, an optical sensor, and an acoustic sensor.
  • the optical sensor, the acoustic sensor, and the triggering device are preferably integrated into a smartphone or tablet with a software application (computer program).
  • the software application includes at least program steps that enable the synchronous recording of the relative movement of the arranged or defined marker to the measuring scale and the braking noises.
  • the software application may also contain program components by means of which the image processing described above can be performed.
  • a wired or wireless connection to the controller of an escalator or moving walkway can be temporarily established.
  • the braking distance measuring device comprises a holder for the smartphone or tablet, wherein this holder can be temporarily attached to a fixed part of an escalator or moving walkway.
  • This fixed part can, for example, be a balustrade or balustrade base or a floor covering of the escalator or moving walkway.
  • At least the linear measuring scale, the optical sensor, and the acoustic sensor of the braking distance measuring device are preferably located in the drive area of the escalator or moving walkway.
  • the drive area is typically located in the upper access area so that primarily tensile forces act on the conveyor belt.
  • the drive motor, a drive shaft, a gearbox, and the brake are usually located in the drive area beneath a walkable floor covering. This walkable floor covering allows access to and from the escalator. Moving walkways are designed in a similar manner.
  • the linear measuring scale preferably has a slat-shaped support with a metric length scale and/or a length scale in inches.
  • the marking can be an existing contour of the escalator or moving walkway, but also a temporarily affixed object such as a sticker, a colored dot, etc.
  • the marker is positioned or defined on the conveyor belt, and the linear measuring scale is located on a fixed part of the escalator or moving walkway.
  • the marker is preferably defined.
  • the marker could be a gap between two escalator steps or a gap between two pallets on the moving walkway conveyor belt.
  • a marker that can be temporarily attached to the conveyor belt can also be used, such as a line drawn with a waterproof marker that extends perpendicular to the direction of travel of the conveyor belt.
  • the measuring scale is positioned on the conveyor belt, and the marking is defined or located on a fixed part of the escalator or moving walkway.
  • the marking could be a metal joint between two cladding panels of a balustrade on the escalator or moving walkway.
  • a marking that can be temporarily attached to the balustrade can also be used, for example an arrow-shaped sticker.
  • the Figure 1 Figure 1 schematically shows a cutaway side view of an escalator 1 and its main components. Escalator 1 can be used to transport people, for example, between two levels E1 and E2 of a building.
  • the escalator 1 has a conveyor belt 26 with several escalator steps 3 arranged one behind the other and which are moved by means of two ring-shaped closed and parallel conveyor chains 5 (in Figure 1 (only one visible) can be moved in a direction of movement 6 along a travel path.
  • the double arrow indicating the direction of movement 6 shows that the escalator 1 can transport users both from level E1 to level E2 and in the opposite direction.
  • Each escalator step 3 is attached to the two conveyor chains 5 between them.
  • the escalator 1 has a drive section 13 in which a drive shaft 17, a gearbox 16, a drive motor 19, and a brake 18 are arranged.
  • the escalator 1 can have different types of brakes, for example, the one described in the Figure 1
  • the service brake shown is usually designed as a drum brake or band brake.
  • the escalator may also have a safety brake, such as those found in... WO2014/009227A1 has been revealed.
  • the drive section 13 is typically located on the upper level E2 of the structure, while a tensioning station 7 (shown only schematically) with a deflection axis 15 is located on the lower level E1.
  • the drive shaft 17 and the deflection axis 15, as well as other load-bearing components of the escalator 1, are held in a supporting structure 2, usually in the form of a truss structure, which is Figure 1 For the sake of clarity, it is only shown as an outline.
  • the escalator 1 also has two balustrades 8 (only one visible), each with a handrail 4 arranged around its perimeter.
  • the escalator steps 3 are moved during an upward movement direction 6 in the forward direction from a lower access area 10 of the escalator 1 adjacent to the lower level E1, via a middle inclined area 11, to an upper access area 12 adjacent to the upper level E1 and then moved back in the opposite direction in the return direction.
  • the drive motor 19 and the brake 18, located in the drive area 13, are controlled and regulated by a control unit 14.
  • the torque or rotational movement of the motor shaft (concealed by the gearbox) of the drive motor 19 is controlled by the control unit 14.
  • the power is transmitted via the gearbox 16 (a worm gear and a drive chain are shown as examples) to the drive shaft 17. Since there are usually two conveyor chains 5 between which the escalator steps 3 are arranged, the drive shaft 17 must also have two drive sprockets (not shown in detail) over which the conveyor belt 26 is guided to transmit motion. All components of the drive area 13 are also housed in the supporting structure 2 and are spanned by a walkable floor covering 9, which is part of the upper access area 12.
  • a braking distance measuring device 30 for measuring the braking distance is arranged in the drive area 13 of the escalator 1.
  • this braking distance measuring device 30 can be installed temporarily, meaning it can be installed, used, and removed as needed.
  • a permanent installation of the braking distance measuring device 30 is also conceivable, for example, in a balustrade base 20 of the balustrade 8.
  • the Figure 2 shows a three-dimensional, enlarged partial view of the [device/structure] in the Figure 1
  • the designated drive area 13 includes a braking distance measuring device 30 installed there.
  • the braking distance measuring device 30 has a linear measuring scale 31 and a smartphone 32 with an optical sensor 35 and an acoustic sensor 36 (see Figure 3
  • the braking distance measuring device 30 also includes a holder 33 for the smartphone 32 and fastening means 34 for the linear measuring scale 31.
  • the slat-shaped measuring scale 31 is placed with its first end 31A on the floor cover 9 and fixed to the floor cover 9 with the fastening means 34, which is shaped like a brick.
  • the linear measuring scale 31 is arranged in the drive area 13 with respect to its longitudinal extent parallel to the direction of movement 6.
  • the holder 33 has a suction cup 37, which is fixed to a cladding plate 21 of the balustrade base 20.
  • the smartphone 32 rests on the holder 33, the holder 33 being arranged on the cladding plate 21 such that the optical sensor 35 of the smartphone 32 detects both the linear measuring scale 31 and at least two escalator steps 3 of the conveyor belt. 26 can detect. Since the brake 18 is located below the floor cover, the acoustic sensor 36 (see Figure 3 ) of the smartphone 32 for recording brake operating noises 51 (see Figures 5A to 5C ) ideally positioned.
  • FIG 3 shows a three-dimensional view of a smartphone 32 with a software application 38, which enables the smartphone 32 to be used as a component of the braking distance measuring device 30. Furthermore, in Figure 3 The components drive motor 19, brake 18 and control 14 of the escalator 1 are shown schematically to illustrate their interactions with the smartphone 32.
  • a conventional smartphone 32 has sufficient computing and storage capacity for storing and processing the software application 38 and features an optical sensor 35 (symbolically represented as a video camera), an acoustic sensor 36 (symbolically represented as a hand microphone), and a touch-sensitive screen 39 on which graphic buttons 41, 42, 43, 44, and thus manually operable elements of a triggering device 45, can be generated.
  • the smartphone 32 has a communication module 47 through which a data connection to the escalator control unit 14 can be established. Since a tablet has the same components and properties, a tablet can also be used instead of the smartphone 32.
  • components of the same type which are to be used instead of the smartphone 32 for the braking distance measuring device 30, can also be combined in a device specifically designed and built for the braking distance measuring device 30. It is even possible to arrange the aforementioned components separately from one another in the drive area 13, whereby a communication link 47 must be established, at least temporarily, between the release device 45, the optical sensor 35, the acoustic sensor 36, and, if applicable, the control unit 14.
  • the release device 45 can be designed as a handheld device with a push button (not shown) to, for example, input a stop signal 46.
  • the aforementioned software application 38 for the smartphone 32 includes at least program steps which enable a synchronous recording of a relative movement of a marker 53, 54, 55 to the linear measuring scale 31 and the brake operating noises 51 of the Brake 18 enables (see Figure 4 Further explanations regarding the linear measuring scale 31 and the mentioned markings 53, 54, 55 are provided below in the description. Figure 4 to find.
  • the software application 38 also includes program steps by which, following the procedure sequence, the required graphic buttons 41, 42, 43, 44 and/or graphical representations 48 of operating data can be generated on the screen 39.
  • a first button 41 serves to control the escalator 1 (see also Figure 1 ) to move escalator 1 in a direction of travel 6 from the lower floor E1 to the upper floor E2.
  • a second button 42 can move escalator 1 in a direction of travel 6 from the upper floor E2 to the lower floor E1.
  • a graphical representation 48 can be created and displayed by further program steps of the software application 38.
  • the measurement data required for this are transmitted from the controller 14 via the communication module 47 to the smartphone 32, which serves as the trigger device 45.
  • the graphical representation 48 of the exemplary embodiment shows the acceleration behavior of the conveyor belt 26 from standstill V 0 to the nominal speed V N.
  • a stop signal 46 can be entered via a third button 43 of the trigger device 45 and sent to the controller 14 of the escalator 1. With the input of the stop signal 46, the optical sensor 35 and the acoustic sensor 36 are simultaneously activated to record an image sequence 60 and an associated audio track 65 (see Figures 4 and 5A to 5C to record.
  • the stop signal 46 is immediately processed by the control unit 14, so that the drive motor 19 is disconnected from a power supply (not shown) and the brake 18 is activated by switching off a ventilation current.
  • a loud braking noise 51 is emitted, decreasing in volume, until the conveyor belt 26 (see Figure 1 ).
  • the brake operating noises 51 of a service brake and a safety brake can differ, especially during the decay of the brake operating noise 51.
  • all brake types are They have in common that the start of the braking noises 51 is very clearly audible on the audio track 65.
  • the Figure 4 shows image 64 from an image sequence 60, which was taken by the optical sensor 35 of the in the Figures 1 and 2
  • the braking distance measuring device 30 shown was recorded.
  • the linear measuring scale 31, located above the escalator steps 3 of the conveyor belt 26, is clearly visible.
  • the balustrade base 20 is partially visible, in particular two cladding plates 22, 23 of the balustrade base 20, as well as the floor cover 9 and the comb plate 27.
  • the linear measuring scale 31 is arranged in the drive area 13, and a marking 53, 54 is defined or also arranged.
  • a gap located between two escalator steps serves as marking 53, which moves relative to the stationary measuring scale 31 when the conveyor belt 26 is running.
  • the gap is defined as marking 53.
  • a special marking 54 can be temporarily attached to the conveyor belt 26, for example, the arrow indicated by a broken line, preferably using a clearly visible color or as a sticker on one of the escalator steps 3.
  • the gap between two pallets can be defined as marking 53. Due to the very narrow design of pallets, it may be better to provide a temporarily attachable marking 54 in this case.
  • the measuring scale 56 can, for example, also be arranged as a sticker on the conveyor belt 26.
  • the marking 24, 55 is to be provided on a fixed part of the escalator 1 or the moving walkway.
  • Marking 24 can, for example, be defined as a sheet metal joint between the two cladding panels 22, 23.
  • marking 55 can also be an arrow-shaped sticker which can be temporarily attached to a fixed part of escalator 1 or moving walkway.
  • Figures 5A to 5C The procedure that can be carried out with the braking distance measuring device 30 described above is explained below using the following example.
  • the Figure 5A a first image 61 from an image sequence 60 recorded by the braking distance measuring device 30 at the time of input 67 of a stop signal 46.
  • the Figure 5B A second image 62 from the same image sequence 60 is shown at a starting point 68, at which parallel recorded brake operating noises 51 begin.
  • Figure 5C shows a third image 63 from the same image sequence 60 at the time of an end position 69, at which the parallel recorded brake operating noise 51 ends.
  • the procedure for measuring the braking distance L ⁇ sub> B ⁇ /sub> of an escalator 1 or a moving walkway comprises preparatory steps on the one hand and measurement and evaluation steps on the other.
  • the preparatory steps include installing a braking distance measuring device 30 in the drive area 13 above the conveyor belt 26. Possible configurations for this have already been described above. Figures 2 and 4 has been described.
  • the triggering device 45 of the braking distance measuring device 30 is connected to the control unit 14 of the escalator 1 via signal transmission.
  • the measurement steps include the procedural steps required to generate image sequences 60 and their corresponding audio tracks 65 with the braking noises 51.
  • a manual input at the trigger device 45 brings the conveyor belt 26 to a predetermined speed V ⁇ sub> V ⁇ /sub>, such as the nominal speed V ⁇ sub> N ⁇ /sub> .
  • a stop signal 46 is sent to the controller 14 via the trigger device 45. It is also possible for the trigger device 45 to receive operating data from the drive motor 19 from the controller 14 and automatically send a stop signal 46 to the controller 14 as soon as the drive motor 19 reaches a speed corresponding to the predetermined speed V ⁇ sub> V ⁇ /sub> of the conveyor belt 26.
  • the optical sensor 35 Upon input of the stop signal 46, the optical sensor 35 begins recording the relative motion sequence between the marker 53 and the linear measuring scale 31, at least from the stop signal 46 until the conveyor belt 26 comes to a standstill V 0. Simultaneously with the optical recording, the acoustic sensor 36 of the braking distance measuring device 30 records the sound track 65 containing the braking operating noises 51 of the brake 18.
  • the recording of the relative movement between the marker 53 and the linear measuring scale 31 and the recording of the synchronously recorded sound track 65 are combined in parallel to each other in a picture sequence 60.
  • the first recorded image 61 of image sequence 60 can be assigned to the time of input 67 of the stop signal 46.
  • the audio track 65 is not simply a horizontal line, but exhibits a noise level that reproduces the normal operating noises of the escalator 1 at its nominal speed V N.
  • the signal input position 81, shown with a dashed line, at the time of the stop signal 46 can be read and recorded on the first image 61 from the position of the marker 53 to the measuring scale 31.
  • audio track 65 exhibits a sudden increase in noise level, which then decreases continuously.
  • This section of audio track 65 contains the brake operating noises 51.
  • the second figure 62 shows the position of marker 53 relative to the linear measuring scale 31 at a starting point 68, at which the parallel recorded brake operating noises 51 begin.
  • the second figure 62 is displayed when the sudden increase in noise level coincides with the fixed mark 75. Again, the position of marker 53 can be read from the measuring scale 31 and used as the starting position 82 of the Brake operating noises 51 are recorded.
  • the distance traveled from the marker 53 between the signal input position 81 and the start position 82 is the reaction length L R , which arises from the fact that the control 14 and the components involved in a brake application, such as contactors for interrupting the ventilation flow (not shown) and the brake 18 itself, have a certain reaction time.
  • the third image 63 of image sequence 60 shows the position of the marker 53 relative to the linear measuring scale 31 at the point in time when the simultaneously recorded brake operating noises 51 on the audio track 65 end and thus the conveyor belt 26 is stationary.
  • the third image 63 is displayed when the noise level of the audio track 65 has dropped to its lowest level.
  • the audio track 65 now only exhibits background noise. Since the conveyor belt 26 is stationary from this point onward, all subsequent images of image sequence 60 look exactly the same.
  • an image 63 is preferably chosen that reliably depicts a static state of the conveyor belt 26. This is the case when two temporally separated images at the end of image sequence 60 show an identical position of the marker 53 relative to the measuring scale 31. Again, the position of mark 53 can be read from the measuring scale 31 and recorded as final position 83.
  • the distance traveled from marker 53' between the starting position 82' and the end position 83' is the actual braking distance L ⁇ sub> B ⁇ /sub> during the braking operation of brake 18.
  • the standard EN115-1 stipulates that the braking distance measurement must begin at input 67 or from the occurrence of the stop signal 46 until the conveyor belt 26 has come to a complete standstill.
  • This standard braking distance can be determined by simply adding the reaction length L ⁇ sub>R ⁇ /sub> and the braking distance L ⁇ sub> B ⁇ /sub> .
  • the previously described manual evaluation of image sequence 60 can also be automated using an image processing program. This involves performing an image analysis of the optically represented progression of the recorded brake operating noises 51 in image sequence 60 and marking the image in image sequence 60 containing the starting point 68 of the brake operating noise 51, as well as one of the images in image sequence 60 where the cessation of the brake operating noise 51 is clearly recognizable.
  • the braking distance L ⁇ sub> B ⁇ /sub> between the starting position 82 and the end position 83 is also determined by comparing the two marked images in image sequence 60.
  • the different positions of the marker 53 relative to the measuring scale 31 are read, and the braking distance L ⁇ sub> B ⁇ /sub> is determined by calculating the difference.

Landscapes

  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de mesure d'une distance de freinage (LB ) d'un escalier roulant (1) ou d'un trottoir roulant , l'escalier roulant (1) ou le trottoir roulant comportant une bande transporteuse (26), au moins un moteur d'entraînement (19) pour entraîner la bande transporteuse (26), un frein (18) pour freiner la bande transporteuse (26) et une commande (14), le moteur d'entraînement (19) et le frein (18) pouvant être commandés par la commande (14) et un dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) étant disposé au moins temporairement dans la zone de la bande transporteuse (26) est disposé, au moins temporairement, un dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) qui comprend au moins un dispositif de déclenchement (45) pouvant être relié à la commande (14), une échelle de mesure linéaire (31) pouvant être détectée optiquement ainsi qu'un capteur optique (35),
    caractérisé en ce
    • que l'échelle de mesure linéaire (31) est disposée sur l'escalier roulant (1) ou le trottoir roulant de telle sorte que son mouvement relatif par rapport à un repère (24, 53, 54, 55) à la suite d'un mouvement de la bande transporteuse (26) puisse être détecté par le capteur optique (35) ;
    • que la bande transporteuse (26) est amenée à une vitesse prédéfinie (VV ) ;
    • qu'après avoir atteint la vitesse prédéfinie (VV ), un signal d'arrêt (46) est envoyé à la commande (14) au moyen du dispositif de déclenchement (45) ;
    • que l'enregistrement du déroulement du mouvement relatif est effectué au moins à partir du signal d'arrêt (46) jusqu'à l'arrêt complet de la bande transporteuse (26) à l'aide du capteur optique (35) ; et
    • que le dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) comprend en outre un capteur acoustique (36) qui enregistre les bruits de freinage (51) du frein (18) de manière synchronisée avec l'enregistrement optique.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'enregistrement du mouvement relatif ainsi que l'enregistrement des bruits de freinage (51) enregistrés de manière synchrone avec le mouvement relatif sont représentés sous forme de piste sonore (65) représentée graphiquement, parallèlement l'un à l'autre dans une séquence d'images (60).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel une position de départ (82, 82') du repère (24, 53, 54, 55) par rapport à l'échelle de mesure (31) est extraite à partir d'un point de départ (68) du bruit de freinage (51), et une position finale (83) du repère (24, 53, 54, 55) par rapport à l'échelle de mesure (31) est extraite à partir de la disparition du bruit de freinage (51).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la détermination de la position de départ (82, 82') et de la position finale (83) s'effectue à l'aide d'un programme de traitement d'images, en réalisant une analyse d'images de l'évolution représentée optiquement dans la séquence d'images (60) des bruits de freinage enregistrés (51) et en comparant l'image (62) de la séquence d'images (60) contenant le point de départ (68) du bruit de freinage (51) et l'une des images de la séquence d'images (60) sur laquelle la disparition du bruit de freinage (51) est clairement reconnaissable sont marqués dans la séquence d'images (60).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la détermination de la distance de freinage (LB ) entre la position de départ (82, 82') et la position finale (83) s'effectue au moyen d'une comparaison des deux images marquées (62, 63) de la séquence d'images (60), en lisant les différentes positions du marquage (24, 53, 54, 55) par rapport à l'échelle de mesure (31) et en déterminant la distance de freinage (L(B) )par calcul de la différence.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le dispositif de déclenchement (45) est relié à la commande (14) et reçoit de celle-ci des données de fonctionnement du moteur d'entraînement (19), un signal d'arrêt (46) étant envoyé à la commande (14) dès que le moteur d'entraînement (19) a atteint une vitesse de rotation qui correspond à la vitesse prédéfinie (V(V) )de la bande transporteuse (26).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel un signal d'arrêt (46) peut être entré manuellement dans le dispositif de déclenchement (45), lequel signal d'arrêt (46) est transmis directement du dispositif de déclenchement (45) à la commande (14).
  8. Dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) pour la mise en œuvre du procédé sur un escalier roulant (1) ou un trottoir roulant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) comprend au moins un dispositif de déclenchement (45) pouvant être relié à la commande (14), une échelle de mesure (31) linéaire pouvant être détectée optiquement de manière , un capteur optique (35) ainsi qu'un capteur acoustique (36).
  9. Dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le capteur optique (35), le capteur acoustique (36) et le dispositif de déclenchement (45) font partie d'un smartphone (32) ou d'une tablette équipé(e) d'une application logicielle (38), l'application logicielle (38) comprenant au moins des étapes de programme qui permettent un enregistrement synchrone d'un mouvement relatif du repère (24, 53, 54, 55) par rapport à l'échelle de mesure (31) et des bruits de freinage (51).
  10. Dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) selon la revendication 9, comprenant un support (33) pour le smartphone (32) ou la tablette, lequel support (33) peut être disposé temporairement sur une partie fixe d'un escalier roulant (1) ou d'un trottoir roulant.
  11. Escalier roulant (1) ou trottoir roulant avec un dispositif de mesure de freinage (30) selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'échelle de mesure linéaire (31), le capteur optique (35) et le capteur acoustique (36) du dispositif de mesure de la distance de freinage (30) sont disposés dans une zone d'entraînement (13) de l'escalier roulant (1) ou du trottoir roulant.
  12. Escalier roulant (1) ou trottoir roulant selon la revendication 11, le marquage (53, 54) étant disposé ou défini sur la bande transporteuse (26) et l'échelle de mesure (31) étant disposée sur une partie fixe de l'escalier roulant (1) ou du trottoir roulant.
  13. Escalier roulant (1) ou trottoir roulant selon la revendication 12, le marquage (53) étant un espace entre deux marches (3) du tapis roulant (26) de l'escalier roulant (1), ou un espace entre deux palettes du tapis roulant (26) du trottoir roulant, ou un marquage (54) pouvant être apposé temporairement sur le tapis roulant (26).
  14. Escalier roulant (1) ou trottoir roulant selon la revendication 11, dans lequel l'échelle de mesure (56) est disposée sur la bande transporteuse (26) et le repère (24, 55) est disposé sur une partie fixe de l'escalier roulant (1) ou du trottoir roulant.
  15. Escalier roulant (1) ou trottoir roulant selon la revendication 14, dans lequel le repère (55) est un autocollant en forme de flèche qui peut être fixé temporairement sur une partie fixe de l'escalier roulant (1) ou du trottoir roulant.
EP23723908.2A 2022-05-24 2023-05-02 Procédé de mesure de la distance de freinage d'un escalier roulant ou d'un tapis roulant Active EP4532393B1 (fr)

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EP22174998 2022-05-24
PCT/EP2023/061520 WO2023227333A1 (fr) 2022-05-24 2023-05-02 Procédé de mesure de la distance de freinage d'un escalier mécanique ou d'un trottoir roulant

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JP5022736B2 (ja) * 2007-03-02 2012-09-12 株式会社日立ビルシステム 乗客コンベア運転装置
JP2008265971A (ja) 2007-04-23 2008-11-06 Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd エスカレータブレーキスリップ距離測定装置およびその測定方法
KR102061380B1 (ko) 2012-07-13 2020-02-11 인벤티오 아게 에스칼레이터 또는 트래블레이터를 위한 안전 브레이크
CN105731234B (zh) * 2016-04-11 2018-02-06 广东省特种设备检测研究院珠海检测院 一种自动扶梯制动性能检测装置及其方法
CN107986125A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-05-04 安徽省特种设备检测院 非接触式自动扶梯/人行道三路速度同步检测装置及方法
JP2019210076A (ja) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-12 東芝エレベータ株式会社 乗客コンベア停止距離測定装置

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CN119365409A (zh) 2025-01-24
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WO2023227333A1 (fr) 2023-11-30
US20250263271A1 (en) 2025-08-21

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