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EP4566126A1 - Antennes multibandes comprenant en leur sein des éléments rayonnants dipolaires à polarisation croisée hautement intégrés - Google Patents

Antennes multibandes comprenant en leur sein des éléments rayonnants dipolaires à polarisation croisée hautement intégrés

Info

Publication number
EP4566126A1
EP4566126A1 EP23850889.9A EP23850889A EP4566126A1 EP 4566126 A1 EP4566126 A1 EP 4566126A1 EP 23850889 A EP23850889 A EP 23850889A EP 4566126 A1 EP4566126 A1 EP 4566126A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating
antenna
band
arms
radiating arms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23850889.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Haifeng Li
Peter J. Bisiules
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Outdoor Wireless Networks LLC
Original Assignee
Outdoor Wireless Networks LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Outdoor Wireless Networks LLC filed Critical Outdoor Wireless Networks LLC
Publication of EP4566126A1 publication Critical patent/EP4566126A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to cellular communication systems and, more particularly, to base station antennas (BSAs) utilized in cellular and other communication systems.
  • BSAs base station antennas
  • Cellular communications systems are well known in the art.
  • a geographic area is often divided into a series of regions that are referred to as "cells" which are served by respective base stations.
  • the base station may include one or more base station antennas that are configured to provide two-way radio frequency (“RF") communications with mobile subscribers that are within the cell served by the base station.
  • RF radio frequency
  • each base station is divided into "sectors.”
  • a hexagonally shaped cell is divided into three 120° sectors, and each sector is served by one or more base station antennas that have an azimuth Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW) of approximately 65°.
  • HPBW azimuth Half Power Beamwidth
  • the base station antennas are mounted on a tower or other raised structure, with the radiation patterns (also referred to herein as “antenna beams”) that are generated by the base station antennas directed outwardly.
  • Base station antennas are often implemented as linear or planar phased arrays of radiating elements.
  • RVV antenna which includes one linear array of "low-band” radiating elements that are used to provide service in some or all of the 694-960 MHz frequency band (which is often referred to as the "R-band”) and two linear arrays of "high-band” radiating elements that are used to provide service in some or all of the 1695-2690 MHz frequency band (which is often referred to as the "V- band”). These linear arrays are mounted in side-by-side fashion.
  • R2V4 base station antennas which refer to base station antennas having two linear arrays of low-band radiating elements and four linear arrays of high-band radiating elements.
  • R2V4 antennas are challenging to implement in a commercially acceptable manner because achieving a 65° azimuth HPBW antenna beam in the low-band typically requires low-band radiating elements that are at least 200 mm wide.
  • the base station antenna may have a width of perhaps 600-760 mm.
  • Such a large antenna may have very high wind loading, may be very heavy, and/or may be expensive to manufacture. Operators would prefer base station antennas having narrower widths based on higher degrees of multi-band array integration.
  • a highly integrated multi-band antenna includes: (i) a first dipole radiating element having a first pair of radiating arms extending forwardly of an underlying reflector, and (ii) a second dipole radiating element having a second pair of radiating arms extending within an opening (e.g., closed-loop) in a first one of the first pair of radiating arms.
  • an electrically conductive (and “floating”) isolation frame is also provided, which surrounds the second pair of radiating arms, and the first and second pairs of radiating arms are coplanar.
  • first and second pairs of radiating arms and the isolation frame may be patterned on a forward facing surface of a dielectric substrate (e.g., PCB board).
  • the first one of the first pair of radiating arms and the electrically conductive isolation frame may also be configured as polygonal-shaped (e.g., rectangular-shaped) loops.
  • a multi-band antenna may include: (i) a dipole radiating element having first and second radiating arms extending forwardly of an underlying reflector, (ii) a first cross-polarized dipole radiating element having a pair of radiating arms extending within an opening in the first radiating arm, (iii) a second cross-polarized dipole radiating element having a pair of radiating arms extending within an opening in the second radiating arm, and (iv) a first isolation frame surrounding the pair of radiating arms of the first cross-polarized dipole radiating element, and extending within the opening in the first radiating arm.
  • first and second radiating arms, the pair of radiating arms of the first cross-polarized dipole radiating element, and the first isolation frame are patterned as coplanar metal traces on a forward facing surface of a dielectric substrate.
  • a forward facing surface of the reflector may have first regions spaced closer to the radiating arms of the first and second cross-polarized radiating elements relative to second regions extending opposite the first and second radiating arms, to thereby operate as a frequency-selective surface (FSS).
  • FSS frequency-selective surface
  • a multi-band antenna includes a relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element including first through fourth radiating arms, and first through fourth relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms extending within respective first through fourth openings within the first through fourth radiating arms.
  • the first through fourth relatively-h igh band cross-dipole radiating arms, and the first through fourth radiating arms of the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element are coplanar.
  • first through fourth “electrically floating” isolation frames may be provided within the first through fourth openings, respectively.
  • first through fourth radiating arms of the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element may operate to provide cloaking with respect to radiation provided by the first through fourth relatively high- band cross-dipole radiating arms (e.g., operating in a frequency range of 1695 MHz to 2690 MHz).
  • a dielectric substrate e.g., PCB board
  • the radiating arms of the first through fourth relatively-high band cross-dipole radiating elements may be provided, upon which: (i) the radiating arms of the first through fourth relatively-high band cross-dipole radiating elements, (ii) the first through fourth radiating arms of the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element, and (iii) the first through fourth isolation frames within the first through fourth openings, respectively, are patterned as metallized traces.
  • this dielectric substrate may be supported by a feed stalk, which extends forwardly of an underlying reflector.
  • a forward facing surface of the reflector may also have first regions (e.g., floating “ground” boxes) spaced closer to the first through fourth relatively-high band cross-dipole radiating arms relative to “grounded” second regions extending opposite the first through fourth radiating arms of the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element.
  • first (second, third, and fourth) isolation frame may be spaced closer to an outer perimeter of the first (second, third, and fourth) relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms relative to an inner perimeter of the first (second, third, and fourth) radiating arm of the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element.
  • FIG. 1 A is a plan view of a multi-band antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 B is a side view of the multi-band antenna of FIG. 1A, which includes “ground” plane boxes positioned rearwardly of relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms.
  • FIG. 1 C is a perspective view of a quad-arrangement of the “ground” plane boxes illustrated by FIG. 1 B.
  • FIG. 2A is a front perspective view of a multi-band antenna with feed stalk, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a rear perspective view of the multi-band antenna of FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a base station antenna that utilizes multiple columns of the multiband antenna of FIG. 1A, which are integrated with relatively high-band radiating elements, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a perspective view of an array of modified “ground” plane boxes with cutouts, which may be used in the multi-band antenna of FIGS. 2A-2B, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a perspective view of an array of modified “ground” plane boxes with cutouts, which may be used in the multi-band antenna of FIGS. 2A-2B, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 5A-5D are plan views of sheet metal reflector segments, which may be used to form a frequency selective surface (FSS) of a reflector, according to embodiments of the invention.
  • FSS frequency selective surface
  • a multi-band antenna 100 is illustrated as including a relatively low-band crossdipole radiating element 10, and first through fourth relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d associated with a quad arrangement of first through fourth relatively high-band radiating elements 20, respectively.
  • the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element 10 includes first and third polygonal-shaped radiating arms 10a, 10c associated with a first dipole radiating element (e.g., +45°), and second and fourth polygonal-shaped radiating arms 10b, 10d associated with a second dipole radiating element (e.g., -45°).
  • first through fourth relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are positioned within first through fourth openings 12 within the first through fourth radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, respectively, along with corresponding first through fourth “electrically floating” isolation frames 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d.
  • these isolation frames 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d which may be spaced closer to the relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d relative to the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, can operate to improve the electrical properties (e.g., beam pattern, cross-band isolation) of the relatively low and high band radiating elements 10, 20, and provide some degree of cloaking to the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element 10.
  • electrical properties e.g., beam pattern, cross-band isolation
  • the sizes of the isolation frames 14a-14d may also influence an impedance match to corresponding ones of the high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, but the spacing therebetween should be sufficient to inhibit strong coupling by being somewhat greater than a spacing between each of the four generally square-shaped radiating arms with a corresponding one of the high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d.
  • the four radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d of the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element 10 may be configured and dimensioned to operate within a frequency range of about 694 MHz to about 960 MHz, whereas the first through fourth relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d may be configured and dimensioned to operate within a frequency range of about 1695 MHz to about 2690 MHz, however, other bands and frequency ranges are also feasible.
  • PCB dielectric printed circuit board
  • first through fourth radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d and the first through fourth isolation frames 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d may be patterned as rectangular-shaped metal loops, whereas the first through fourth relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d may be patterned to have generally rectangular-shaped outer perimeters, with square corner patches 22 and cross-shaped (and inwardly directed) arm extensions 24 within each radiating arm.
  • other configurations of the radiating arms are also possible according to other embodiments of the invention.
  • the criss-crossing metal jumpers 32, 34 on the forward-facing surface of the substrate 30 may be used for simulation modeling/testing, but otherwise omitted from a commercial embodiment.
  • the multi-band antenna 100 may further be provided with a hybrid reflector 40 extending opposite a rear facing surface of the substrate 30, as shown by FIGS. 1 B-1 C.
  • This hybrid reflector 40 is illustrated as including a planar ground plane reflector 42 and a quad-arrangement of electrically conductive boxes 44a - 44d (or elevated sheet metal segments), which may be mounted to extend more closely adjacent the rear facing surface of the substrate 30.
  • each box 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d may extend diametrically opposite and below a corresponding arrangement of high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, respectively.
  • these boxes 44a - 44d may be configured to operate as three-dimensional (3D) electrically ‘floating” ground plane segments that are spaced more closely to the substrate 30 relative to the ground plane reflector 42, such that first regions of the hybrid reflector 40 are spaced closer to the first through fourth relatively-high band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d relative to “grounded” second regions extending opposite the first through fourth radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.
  • 3D three-dimensional
  • each of the boxes 44a - 44d may be configured with hardware and apertures therein (not shown) that supports the vertical routing of feed signal lines (e.g., 2x coaxial cables, etc.) from adjacent the planar reflector 42 to the substrate 30 and corresponding feed signal traces associated with the relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d.
  • feed signal lines e.g., 2x coaxial cables, etc.
  • the outer conductors of each of the pair of coaxial cables may be electrically connected, or otherwise sufficiently coupled, to a corresponding one of the four boxes 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d, which may remain electrically “floating” relative to a corresponding one of the first through fourth radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d (and each other).
  • the boxes 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d may be provided with slots or cutouts (not shown) to enhance their frequency selective surface (FSS) and cloaking characteristics, and may have lateral dimensions that correspond to (or are greater than) the lateral dimensions of the isolation frames 14a-14d, yet smaller than the lateral dimensions of the first through fourth radiating arms 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d (e.g., to prevent excessive coupling therebetween).
  • FSS frequency selective surface
  • the vertical feed signal routing associated with the relatively low-band cross-dipole radiating element 10 may be provided by a conventional feed stalk 50, which extends forwardly of (and possibly through) an underlying ground plane reflector 42 (see, e.g., FIG. 1 B).
  • this feed stalk 50 may be modified to include additional signal routing (not shown) to the feed signal traces associated with the relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating arms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d.
  • centrally located comers may be omitted from the quad-arrangement of electrically conductive boxes 44a’ - 44d’.
  • a relatively narrow base station antenna (BSA) 300 that includes three rows and two side-by-side columns of the multiband antenna 100 of FIGS. 1A-1 C and 2A-2B, is illustrated. Within each column, three separate rows of relatively high band radiating elements 20 (i.e. , without low-band inclusion) are also provided with underlying “ground” plane boxes (not shown).
  • BSA base station antenna
  • the use of the multiband antennas 100 enables a BSA 300 that may fit within a narrower housing (not shown), while still maintaining relatively high cross-band isolation.
  • the “ground” plane boxes 44a - 44d of FIG. 1 C may be modified to include corner “cutouts” 46 of varying size to improve high band isolation between the relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating elements 20 within each multiband antenna 100.
  • corner “cutouts” 46 of varying size to improve high band isolation between the relatively high-band cross-dipole radiating elements 20 within each multiband antenna 100.
  • sheet metal reflector segments 52a, 52b, 52c and 52d having varying-shaped cutouts may be used to form a frequency selective surface (FSS) of a reflector, with each planar segment (52a, 52b, 52c or 52d) replacing an elevated “ground” plane box 44a - 44d, and each cutout including a centrally-located and generally polygonal-shaped opening 54a with four radially-extending openings 54b (e.g., arrow-shaped, Y- shaped, V-shaped) directed towards the four comers of each segment.
  • the sheet metal reflector segments 52a, 52b, 52c and 52d may be configured using patterned metallization (single-sided or dual-sided) on a planar dielectric substrate (e.g., PCB board).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Une antenne multibande comprend un élément rayonnant à dipôles croisés à bande relativement basse comprenant des premier à quatrième bras rayonnants, et des premier à quatrième bras rayonnants à dipôles croisés à bande relativement haute dans des première à quatrième ouvertures respectives au sein des premier à quatrième bras rayonnants. Les premier à quatrième bras rayonnants à dipôles croisés à bande relativement haute et les premier à quatrième bras rayonnants de l'élément rayonnant à dipôles croisés à bande relativement basse sont coplanaires. Des premier à quatrième cadres d'isolation sont prévus au sein des première à quatrième ouvertures, respectivement. Un substrat diélectrique est prévu, sur lequel : (i) les premier à quatrième bras rayonnants à dipôles croisés à bande relativement haute, (ii) les premier à quatrième bras rayonnants de l'élément rayonnant à dipôles croisés à bande relativement basse et (iii) les premier à quatrième cadres d'isolation au sein des première à quatrième ouvertures, respectivement, sont représentés sous la forme de traces métallisées.
EP23850889.9A 2022-08-05 2023-08-01 Antennes multibandes comprenant en leur sein des éléments rayonnants dipolaires à polarisation croisée hautement intégrés Pending EP4566126A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202263370523P 2022-08-05 2022-08-05
PCT/US2023/071389 WO2024030880A1 (fr) 2022-08-05 2023-08-01 Antennes multibandes comprenant en leur sein des éléments rayonnants dipolaires à polarisation croisée hautement intégrés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4566126A1 true EP4566126A1 (fr) 2025-06-11

Family

ID=89849873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23850889.9A Pending EP4566126A1 (fr) 2022-08-05 2023-08-01 Antennes multibandes comprenant en leur sein des éléments rayonnants dipolaires à polarisation croisée hautement intégrés

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4566126A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN119631250A (fr)
WO (1) WO2024030880A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025226389A1 (fr) * 2024-04-25 2025-10-30 Corning Incorporated Surface intelligente reconfigurable (ris) à bandes multiples

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100526585B1 (ko) * 2002-05-27 2005-11-08 삼성탈레스 주식회사 이중 편파 특성을 갖는 평판형 안테나
FR2946806B1 (fr) * 2009-06-11 2012-03-30 Alcatel Lucent Element rayonnant d'antenne multi-bande
US9276329B2 (en) * 2012-11-22 2016-03-01 Commscope Technologies Llc Ultra-wideband dual-band cellular basestation antenna
US10770803B2 (en) * 2017-05-03 2020-09-08 Commscope Technologies Llc Multi-band base station antennas having crossed-dipole radiating elements with generally oval or rectangularly shaped dipole arms and/or common mode resonance reduction filters
WO2020140130A2 (fr) * 2020-05-14 2020-07-02 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Conception d'élément d'antenne composite et procédé de commande de largeur de faisceau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN119631250A (zh) 2025-03-14
WO2024030880A1 (fr) 2024-02-08

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