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EP4540657A1 - Optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera - Google Patents

Optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera

Info

Publication number
EP4540657A1
EP4540657A1 EP23731205.3A EP23731205A EP4540657A1 EP 4540657 A1 EP4540657 A1 EP 4540657A1 EP 23731205 A EP23731205 A EP 23731205A EP 4540657 A1 EP4540657 A1 EP 4540657A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective glass
camera
curvature
vehicle
optical system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23731205.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Renaud
Pierre Albou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Vision SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Publication of EP4540657A1 publication Critical patent/EP4540657A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B11/00—Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/08—Waterproof bodies or housings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera. It finds a particular but non-limiting application in motor vehicles.
  • an optical system for a vehicle comprises: - a camera configured to acquire images of the external environment of said vehicle, - a protective glass configured to be placed facing said camera, said protective glass comprising an external face facing the exterior of said vehicle and an internal face facing said camera.
  • the protective glass is configured to hide the camera so that it is not visible from outside the vehicle.
  • a disadvantage of this state of the art is that the protective glass affects the performance of the camera due to the curved shape of the protective glass and/or its semi-transparency or opacity.
  • the present invention aims to propose an optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera which makes it possible to resolve the mentioned drawback.
  • the invention proposes an optical system for a vehicle comprising: - a camera configured to acquire images of the external environment of said vehicle, - a protective glass configured to be placed facing said camera, said protective glass comprising an external face facing the exterior of said vehicle, and an internal face facing said camera, characterized in that said internal face of said protective glass has a local radius of curvature R2 defined so that the protective glass has a focal length which tends towards infinity.
  • said optical system may also include one or more additional characteristics taken alone or in all technically possible combinations, among the following.
  • said camera is an RGB or infrared camera.
  • said external face has a set of local radii of curvature R1.
  • said internal face has a set of local radii of curvature R2.
  • a protective glass for a vehicle configured to be placed facing a camera on board said vehicle, said protective glass comprising an external face facing the exterior of said vehicle, and an internal face facing said camera, characterized in that said internal face of said protective glass has a local radius of curvature R2 defined so that said protective glass has a focal length which tends towards infinity.
  • the protective glass may also include one or more additional characteristics taken alone or in all technically possible combinations, among the following.
  • said external face has a set of local radii of curvature R1.
  • said internal face has a set of local radii of curvature R2.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera and a protective glass arranged facing said camera, said protective glass comprising an external face and an internal face, according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an optical transfer function curve of a camera of a prior art optical system with protective glass.
  • the vehicle 2 is a motor vehicle.
  • motor vehicle we mean any type of motorized vehicle. This embodiment is taken as a non-limiting example in the remainder of the description. In the remainder of the description, the vehicle 2 is thus otherwise called motor vehicle 2.
  • the motor vehicle 2 comprises said optical system 1.
  • the optical system 1 comprises: - a camera 10 configured to acquire images I1 of the external environment of said motor vehicle 2, the acquisition of the images I1 taking place in the image focus f' of the optical system 100 of the camera 10, - a protective glass 11 configured to be placed facing said camera 10.
  • the optical system 1 is integrated into: - a logo, - a rotating logo, - a rear-view mirror, - a third brake light, otherwise called in English CHSML (“Center High Mounted Stop Lamp”), - in the trunk bar, - in the front grille of the motor vehicle 2, - at the rear of the motor vehicle 2.
  • CHSML Center High Mounted Stop Lamp
  • the protective glass 11 is part of the logo or pivoting logo.
  • the camera 10 is an RGB camera or an infrared camera. In a non-limiting embodiment, the camera 10 is a FishEye TM camera.
  • the camera 10 is used to: - parking assistance functions, functions called in English “rear view” or “surround view” (with a range of 0 to 30 meters in a non-limiting example), - a rearview mirror function (range of approximately 80 to 200 meters in a non-limiting example).
  • the protective glass 11 is configured to hide the camera 10 from the outside of the motor vehicle 2 but also makes it possible to define a form of style particular to an automobile manufacturer. In non-limiting embodiments, it is semi-transparent or opaque or transparent.
  • the protective glass 11 has a focus F and a focal length f and a field of vision FOV (illustrated on the ).
  • the protective glass 11 also has a thickness d.
  • the protective glass 11 comprises an external face 11.1 placed facing the exterior of the motor vehicle 2 and an internal face 11.2 placed facing the camera 10.
  • the external face 11.1 is convex while the internal face 11.2 is concave or vice versa. In another non-limiting embodiment, the external face 11.1 is convex as well as the internal face 11.2, or the external face 11.1 is concave as well as the internal face 11.2.
  • the protective glass 11 is made of PC (polycarbonate).
  • the PC provides a robust external face, which does not break unlike PMMA (poly-methyl methacrylate).
  • the protective glass 11 is made of PMMA.
  • the external face 11.1 Due to the style shape of the protective glass 11, its external face 11.1 has a set of local radii of curvature R1 which are defined by the style shape.
  • the internal face 11.2 has a set of local radii of curvature R2 adapted to the different local radii of curvature R1 of the external face 11.1.
  • the focal length f of the protective glass 11 is as large as possible. This makes it possible to obtain an optically neutral protective glass 11.
  • the focal length f thus tends towards infinity to avoid deflecting the light rays L1 coming from the outside onto the camera 10. Indeed, if the light rays L1 are deflected, this distorts the images I1 acquired by the camera 10 which results in less sharp I1 images.
  • focal length f is as follows:
  • the protective glass 11 includes the following characteristics: - n the refractive index of light equal to 1.58 for a protective glass 11 in polycarbonate, - the thickness d is 2.5mm (millimeters), - at the bottom of the protective glass 11, the external local radius of curvature R1 is equal to 150mm, - at the center of the protective glass 11, the external local radius of curvature R1 is equal to 177mm, and - at the top of the protective glass 11, the external local radius of curvature R1 is equal to 195mm.
  • the internal local radius of curvature R2 is equal to 149.08mm
  • the internal local radius of curvature R2 is equal to 176.08mm
  • the internal local radius of curvature R2 is equal to 194.08mm.
  • the drawing (b) of the illustrates a protective glass 11 with a focal length f whose internal face 11.2 includes a local radius of curvature R2 R1-(n-1)d/n.
  • the focal length f is greater than the focal length f 0 .
  • the field of vision FOV of the protective glass 11 is less than the field of vision FOV0 of the protective glass 31 of the prior art, which implies that the light rays L1 are less deviated and therefore they converge further towards the focus F.
  • Figures 3 to 5 respectively illustrate optical transfer function curves, otherwise called FTO curves: - a camera 10 without protective glass, - a camera 10 arranged facing the protective glass 11 defined with an internal radius of curvature R2 adapted to have a focal length f which tends towards infinity, - a camera 10 placed opposite a protective glass 31 of the prior art defined with an unsuitable radius of curvature R2.
  • the curves correspond to different angles of incidence (between 0° and 97°) of the light rays L1 which arrive on the optical system 100 of the camera 10.
  • optical transfer function curves of the serve as a reference.
  • An optical transfer function curve makes it possible to evaluate the ability of elements of an optical system such as a camera with or without protective glass to restore contrast depending on the fineness of the details of a target object; that is, its ability to transmit the spatial frequencies of the target object. It is used to evaluate the quality of the optical system 100. It thus makes it possible to evaluate the capacity of a protective glass 11 not to degrade the performance of the camera 10 compared to a camera 10 without protective glass or with a protective glass 31 of the prior art.
  • the protective glass 11 of the optical system 1 makes it possible to obtain the same performance for the camera 10 which is placed opposite it as a camera 10 which has no protective glass.
  • the protective glass 11 does not obstruct the camera 10.
  • the invention described has in particular the following advantages: - it makes it possible to integrate a camera 10 behind a protective glass 11 without reducing the performance of the camera 10, - it makes it possible to keep the style given to the protective glass 11 by the car manufacturer because it does not modify its external face 11.1, - it makes it possible to obtain an optically neutral protective glass 11 by locally adapting the internal face 11.2 of the protective glass 11, - it is simple to implement.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Camera Bodies And Camera Details Or Accessories (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical system (1) for a vehicle (2), which comprises: - a camera (10) configured to acquire images (11) of the external environment of the vehicle (2); and - a protective glass (11) configured to be arranged facing the camera (10), the protective glass (11) comprising an external face (11.1) facing the outside of the vehicle (2), and an internal face (11.2) facing the camera (10), characterised in that the internal face (11.2) of the protective glass (11) has a local radius of curvature R2 defined such that the protective glass (11) has a focal length (f) that tends towards infinity.

Description

Système optique pour véhicule comprenant une caméraOptical system for vehicle comprising a camera

La présente invention se rapporte à un système optique pour véhicule comprenant une caméra. Elle trouve une application particulière mais non limitative dans les véhicules automobiles.The present invention relates to an optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera. It finds a particular but non-limiting application in motor vehicles.

Dans le domaine des véhicules automobiles, un système optique pour véhicule connu de l’homme du métier comprend :
- une caméra configurée pour acquérir des images de l’environnement extérieur dudit véhicule,
- une glace de protection configurée pour être disposée en regard de ladite caméra, ladite glace de protection comprenant une face externe en regard de l’extérieur dudit véhicule et une face interne en regard de ladite caméra. In the field of motor vehicles, an optical system for a vehicle known to those skilled in the art comprises:
- a camera configured to acquire images of the external environment of said vehicle,
- a protective glass configured to be placed facing said camera, said protective glass comprising an external face facing the exterior of said vehicle and an internal face facing said camera.

La glace de protection est configurée pour cacher la caméra pour qu’elle ne soit pas visible depuis l’extérieur du véhicule.The protective glass is configured to hide the camera so that it is not visible from outside the vehicle.

Un inconvénient de cet état de la technique est que la glace de protection affecte les performances de la caméra en raison de la forme courbée de la glace de protection et/ou de sa semi-transparence ou opacité. A disadvantage of this state of the art is that the protective glass affects the performance of the camera due to the curved shape of the protective glass and/or its semi-transparency or opacity.

Dans ce contexte, la présente invention vise à proposer un système optique pour véhicule comprenant une caméra qui permet de résoudre l’inconvénient mentionné. In this context, the present invention aims to propose an optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera which makes it possible to resolve the mentioned drawback.

A cet effet, l’invention propose un système optique pour véhicule comprenant :
- une caméra configurée pour acquérir des images de l’environnement extérieur dudit véhicule,
- une glace de protection configurée pour être disposée en regard de ladite caméra, ladite glace de protection comprenant une face externe en regard de l’extérieur dudit véhicule, et une face interne en regard de ladite caméra,
caractérisé en ce que ladite face interne de ladite glace de protection possède un rayon de courbure local R2 défini de sorte que la glace de protection possède une focale qui tend vers l’infini.To this end, the invention proposes an optical system for a vehicle comprising:
- a camera configured to acquire images of the external environment of said vehicle,
- a protective glass configured to be placed facing said camera, said protective glass comprising an external face facing the exterior of said vehicle, and an internal face facing said camera,
characterized in that said internal face of said protective glass has a local radius of curvature R2 defined so that the protective glass has a focal length which tends towards infinity.

Ainsi, comme on le verra en détail par la suite, le fait de définir le rayon de courbure local pour avoir une focale de la glace de protection vers l’infini permet d’obtenir une glace de protection optiquement neutre ce qui ne diminue ainsi pas les performances de la caméra. Thus, as we will see in detail later, the fact of defining the local radius of curvature to have a focal length of the protective glass towards infinity makes it possible to obtain an optically neutral protective glass which thus does not decrease camera performance.

Selon des modes de réalisation non limitatifs, ledit système optique peut comporter en outre une ou plusieurs caractéristiques supplémentaires prises seules ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles, parmi les suivantes. According to non-limiting embodiments, said optical system may also include one or more additional characteristics taken alone or in all technically possible combinations, among the following.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, lequel ledit rayon de courbure local R2 est tel que R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, avec R1 un rayon de courbure local de ladite face externe, d’une épaisseur locale de ladite glace de protection et n l’indice de réfraction de ladite glace de protection.According to a non-limiting embodiment, which said local radius of curvature R2 is such that R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, with R1 a local radius of curvature of said external face, of a local thickness of said protective glass and n the refractive index of said protective glass.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, ladite caméra est une caméra RGB ou infrarouge.According to a non-limiting embodiment, said camera is an RGB or infrared camera.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, ladite face externe possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R1.According to a non-limiting embodiment, said external face has a set of local radii of curvature R1.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, ladite face interne possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R2.According to a non-limiting embodiment, said internal face has a set of local radii of curvature R2.

Il est en outre proposé une glace de protection pour véhicule configurée pour être disposée en regard d’une caméra embarquée sur ledit véhicule, ladite glace de protection comprenant une face externe en regard de l’extérieur dudit véhicule, et une face interne en regard de ladite caméra,
caractérisé en ce que ladite face interne de ladite glace de protection possède un rayon de courbure local R2 défini de sorte que ladite glace de protection possède une focale qui tend vers l’infini.It is further proposed a protective glass for a vehicle configured to be placed facing a camera on board said vehicle, said protective glass comprising an external face facing the exterior of said vehicle, and an internal face facing said camera,
characterized in that said internal face of said protective glass has a local radius of curvature R2 defined so that said protective glass has a focal length which tends towards infinity.

Selon des modes de réalisation non limitatifs, la glace de protection peut comporter en outre une ou plusieurs caractéristiques supplémentaires prises seules ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles, parmi les suivantes. According to non-limiting embodiments, the protective glass may also include one or more additional characteristics taken alone or in all technically possible combinations, among the following.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, ledit rayon de courbure local R2 est tel que R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, avec R1 un rayon de courbure local de ladite face externe, d’une épaisseur locale de ladite glace de protection et n un indice de réfraction de ladite glace de protection.According to a non-limiting embodiment, said local radius of curvature R2 is such that: R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, with R1 a local radius of curvature of said external face, of a local thickness of said ice protection and n a refractive index of said protective glass.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, ladite face externe possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R1.According to a non-limiting embodiment, said external face has a set of local radii of curvature R1.

Selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, ladite face interne possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R2.According to a non-limiting embodiment, said internal face has a set of local radii of curvature R2.

L’invention et ses différentes applications seront mieux comprises à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l’examen des figures qui l’accompagnent :The invention and its various applications will be better understood on reading the following description and examining the accompanying figures:

illustre un système optique pour véhicule comprenant une caméra et une glace de protection disposée en regard de ladite caméra, ladite glace de protection comprenant une face externe et une face interne, selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif de l’invention, illustrates an optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera and a protective glass arranged facing said camera, said protective glass comprising an external face and an internal face, according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention,

illustre une focale infinie de ladite glace de protection du système optique de la par rapport à une focale plus courte d’un état de la technique antérieur, selon un mode de réalisation non limitatif, illustrates an infinite focal length of said protective glass of the optical system of the compared to a shorter focal length of a prior state of the art, according to a non-limiting embodiment,

illustre une courbe de fonction de transfert optique d’une caméra d’un système optique d’un état de la technique antérieure sans glace de protection, illustrates an optical transfer function curve of a camera of an optical system of a prior art without protective glass,

illustre une courbe de fonction de transfert optique de la caméra avec la glace de protection du système optique de la , illustrates an optical transfer function curve of the camera with the protective glass of the optical system of the ,

illustre une courbe de fonction de transfert optique d’une caméra d’un système optique d’un état de la technique antérieure avec glace de protection. illustrates an optical transfer function curve of a camera of a prior art optical system with protective glass.

Les éléments identiques, par structure ou par fonction, apparaissant sur différentes figures conservent, sauf précision contraire, les mêmes références.Identical elements, by structure or function, appearing in different figures retain, unless otherwise specified, the same references.

Le système optique 1 pour véhicule selon l’invention est décrit en référence aux figures 1 à 5. Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, le véhicule 2 est un véhicule automobile. Par véhicule automobile, on entend tout type de véhicule motorisé. Ce mode de réalisation est pris comme exemple non limitatif dans la suite de la description. Dans la suite de la description, le véhicule 2 est ainsi autrement appelé véhicule automobile 2. Le véhicule automobile 2 comprend ledit système optique 1.The optical system 1 for a vehicle according to the invention is described with reference to Figures 1 to 5. In a non-limiting embodiment, the vehicle 2 is a motor vehicle. By motor vehicle we mean any type of motorized vehicle. This embodiment is taken as a non-limiting example in the remainder of the description. In the remainder of the description, the vehicle 2 is thus otherwise called motor vehicle 2. The motor vehicle 2 comprises said optical system 1.

Tel qu’illustré sur la , le système optique 1 comprend :
- une caméra 10 configurée pour acquérir des images I1 de l’environnement extérieur dudit véhicule automobile 2, l’acquisition des images I1 se faisant dans le foyer image f’ du système optique 100 de la caméra 10,
- une glace de protection 11 configurée pour être disposée en regard de ladite caméra 10.As illustrated on the , the optical system 1 comprises:
- a camera 10 configured to acquire images I1 of the external environment of said motor vehicle 2, the acquisition of the images I1 taking place in the image focus f' of the optical system 100 of the camera 10,
- a protective glass 11 configured to be placed facing said camera 10.

Dans des modes de réalisation non limitatifs, le système optique 1 est intégré dans :
- un logo,
- un logo pivotant,
- un rétroviseur,
- un troisième feu stop, autrement appelé en anglais CHSML (« Center High Mounted Stop Lamp »),
- dans la barre du coffre,
- dans la grille de face avant du véhicule automobile 2,
- à l’arrière du véhicule automobile 2.In non-limiting embodiments, the optical system 1 is integrated into:
- a logo,
- a rotating logo,
- a rear-view mirror,
- a third brake light, otherwise called in English CHSML (“Center High Mounted Stop Lamp”),
- in the trunk bar,
- in the front grille of the motor vehicle 2,
- at the rear of the motor vehicle 2.

Dans le cas où le système optique 1 est intégré dans le logo ou logo pivotant, la glace de protection 11 fait partie du logo ou logo pivotant.In the case where the optical system 1 is integrated into the logo or pivoting logo, the protective glass 11 is part of the logo or pivoting logo.

Dans des modes de réalisation non limitatifs, la caméra 10 est une caméra RGB ou une caméra infrarouge. Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, la caméra 10 est une caméra FishEyeTM. Les rayons lumineux L1 (illustrés sur la ) des sources de lumière extérieures, telles que la lumière naturelle dans un exemple non limitatif, permettent d’éclairer une scène à l’extérieur du véhicule automobile 2 et de la visualiser à l’aide du système optique de la caméra 10 qui acquiert des images I1 de ladite scène.In non-limiting embodiments, the camera 10 is an RGB camera or an infrared camera. In a non-limiting embodiment, the camera 10 is a FishEye TM camera. The L1 light rays (shown on the ) external light sources, such as natural light in a non-limiting example, make it possible to illuminate a scene outside the motor vehicle 2 and to visualize it using the optical system of the camera 10 which acquires images I1 of said scene.

Dans des modes de réalisation non limitatifs, la caméra 10 est utilisée pour :
- des fonctions d’aide pour se garer, fonctions appelées en anglais « rear view » ou « surround view » (de portée de 0 à 30 mètres dans un exemple non limitatif),
- une fonction de rétroviseur (de portée d’environ 80 à 200 mètres dans un exemple non limitatif). In non-limiting embodiments, the camera 10 is used to:
- parking assistance functions, functions called in English “rear view” or “surround view” (with a range of 0 to 30 meters in a non-limiting example),
- a rearview mirror function (range of approximately 80 to 200 meters in a non-limiting example).

La glace de protection 11 est configurée pour cacher la caméra 10 depuis l’extérieur du véhicule automobile 2 mais également permet de définir une forme de style particulière à un constructeur automobile. Dans des modes de réalisation non limitatifs, elle est semi-transparente ou opaque ou transparente. The protective glass 11 is configured to hide the camera 10 from the outside of the motor vehicle 2 but also makes it possible to define a form of style particular to an automobile manufacturer. In non-limiting embodiments, it is semi-transparent or opaque or transparent.

La glace de protection 11 possède un foyer F et une focale f et un champ de vision FOV (illustré sur la ). La glace de protection 11 possède en outre une épaisseur d. La glace de protection 11 comprend une face externe 11.1 disposée en regard de l’extérieur du véhicule automobile 2 et une face interne 11.2 disposée en regard de la caméra 10. The protective glass 11 has a focus F and a focal length f and a field of vision FOV (illustrated on the ). The protective glass 11 also has a thickness d. The protective glass 11 comprises an external face 11.1 placed facing the exterior of the motor vehicle 2 and an internal face 11.2 placed facing the camera 10.

Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, la face externe 11.1 est convexe tandis que la face interne11.2 est concave ou inversement. Dans un autre mode de réalisation non limitatif, la face externe 11.1 est convexe ainsi que la face interne 11.2, ou la face externe 11.1 est concave ainsi que la face interne 11.2.In a non-limiting embodiment, the external face 11.1 is convex while the internal face 11.2 is concave or vice versa. In another non-limiting embodiment, the external face 11.1 is convex as well as the internal face 11.2, or the external face 11.1 is concave as well as the internal face 11.2.

Dans un mode de réalisation non limitatif, la glace de protection 11 est réalisée en PC (polycarbonate). Le PC permet d’avoir une face externe robuste, qui ne casse pas contrairement à du PMMA (poly-méthacrylate de méthyle). Dans un autre mode de réalisation non limitatif, la glace de protection 11 est réalisée en PMMA. In a non-limiting embodiment, the protective glass 11 is made of PC (polycarbonate). The PC provides a robust external face, which does not break unlike PMMA (poly-methyl methacrylate). In another non-limiting embodiment, the protective glass 11 is made of PMMA.

Du fait de la forme de style de la glace de protection 11, sa face externe 11.1 possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R1 qui sont définis par la forme de style. La face interne 11.2 possède quant à elle un ensemble de rayons de courbures locaux R2 adaptés aux différents rayons de courbure locaux R1 de la face externe 11.1. Due to the style shape of the protective glass 11, its external face 11.1 has a set of local radii of curvature R1 which are defined by the style shape. The internal face 11.2 has a set of local radii of curvature R2 adapted to the different local radii of curvature R1 of the external face 11.1.

On joue sur l’épaisseur d de la glace de protection 11 et sur R2 le rayon de courbure de la face interne 11.2 de telle sorte que la focale f de la glace de protection 11 soit la plus grande possible. Cela permet d’obtenir une glace de protection 11 optiquement neutre. La focale f tend ainsi vers l’infini pour éviter de dévier les rayons lumineux L1 venant de l’extérieur sur la caméra 10. En effet, si les rayons lumineux L1 sont déviés, cela déforme les images I1 acquises par la caméra 10 ce qui entraîne des images I1 moins nettes.We play on the thickness d of the protective glass 11 and on R2 the radius of curvature of the internal face 11.2 so that the focal length f of the protective glass 11 is as large as possible. This makes it possible to obtain an optically neutral protective glass 11. The focal length f thus tends towards infinity to avoid deflecting the light rays L1 coming from the outside onto the camera 10. Indeed, if the light rays L1 are deflected, this distorts the images I1 acquired by the camera 10 which results in less sharp I1 images.

La définition de la focale f est la suivante : The definition of focal length f is as follows:

avec :
- R1 un rayon de courbure local de ladite face externe 11.1, autrement appelé rayon de courbure externe R1,
- R2 un rayon de courbure local de la face interne 11.2, autrement appelé rayon de courbure interne R2,
- d une épaisseur locale de ladite glace de protection 11, et
- n l’indice de réfraction de lumière (autrement appelé indice de réfraction n) de ladite glace de protection 11. with :
- R1 a local radius of curvature of said external face 11.1, otherwise called external radius of curvature R1,
- R2 a local radius of curvature of the internal face 11.2, otherwise called internal radius of curvature R2,
- a local thickness of said protective glass 11, and
- n the light refraction index (otherwise called refractive index n) of said protective glass 11.

A partir de la formule [Math 1], lorsqu’on fait tendre la focale f vers l’infini, on a la face interne 11.2 de la glace de protection 11 qui possède un rayon de courbure local R2 tel que R2=R1-(n-1)d/n [2]. Ainsi le rayon de courbure local interne R2 est toujours inférieur au rayon de courbure local externe R1. From the formula [Math 1], when we extend the focal length f towards infinity, we have the internal face 11.2 of the protective glass 11 which has a local radius of curvature R2 such that R2=R1-( n-1)d/n [2]. Thus the internal local radius of curvature R2 is always less than the external local radius of curvature R1.

On obtient ainsi une glace de protection 11 optiquement neutre qui garde la forme de style du constructeur puisque la face externe 11.1 n’est pas modifiée.We thus obtain an optically neutral protective glass 11 which retains the manufacturer's style shape since the external face 11.1 is not modified.

Dans un exemple non limitatif, la glace de protection 11 comprend les caractéristiques suivantes :
- n l’indice de réfraction de la lumière égal à 1.58 pour une glace de protection 11 en polycarbonate,
- l’épaisseur d est de 2.5mm (millimètres),
- en bas de la glace de protection 11, le rayon de courbure local externe R1 est égal à 150mm,
- au centre de la glace de protection 11, le rayon de courbure local externe R1 est égal à 177mm, et
- en haut de la glace de protection 11, le rayon de courbure local externe R1 est égal à 195mm.In a non-limiting example, the protective glass 11 includes the following characteristics:
- n the refractive index of light equal to 1.58 for a protective glass 11 in polycarbonate,
- the thickness d is 2.5mm (millimeters),
- at the bottom of the protective glass 11, the external local radius of curvature R1 is equal to 150mm,
- at the center of the protective glass 11, the external local radius of curvature R1 is equal to 177mm, and
- at the top of the protective glass 11, the external local radius of curvature R1 is equal to 195mm.

En adaptant le rayon de courbure local interne R2 avec la formule [2], on obtient :
- en bas de la glace de protection 11, le rayon de courbure local interne R2 est égal à 149.08mm,
- au centre de la glace de protection 11, le rayon de courbure local interne R2 est égal à 176.08mm, et - en haut de la glace de protection 11, le rayon de courbure local interne R2 est égal à 194.08mm.By adapting the internal local radius of curvature R2 with formula [2], we obtain:
- at the bottom of the protective glass 11, the internal local radius of curvature R2 is equal to 149.08mm,
- at the center of the protective glass 11, the internal local radius of curvature R2 is equal to 176.08mm, and - at the top of the protective glass 11, the internal local radius of curvature R2 is equal to 194.08mm.

Le dessin (a) sur la illustre une glace de protection 31 de l’état de la technique antérieur avec une focale f0 et un foyer F0. Le dessin (b) de la illustre une glace de protection 11 avec une focale f dont la face interne 11.2 comprend un rayon de courbure local R2= R1-(n-1)d/n. On peut voir que la focale f est plus grande que la focale f0. Par ailleurs, le champ de vision FOV de la glace de protection 11 est inférieur au champ de vision FOV0 de la glace de protection 31 de l’état de la technique antérieur, ce qui implique que les rayons lumineux L1 sont moins déviés et donc ils convergent plus loin vers le foyer F. On a ainsi f > f0. Drawing (a) on the illustrates a protective glass 31 of the prior art with a focal length f 0 and a focus F0. The drawing (b) of the illustrates a protective glass 11 with a focal length f whose internal face 11.2 includes a local radius of curvature R2= R1-(n-1)d/n. We can see that the focal length f is greater than the focal length f 0 . Furthermore, the field of vision FOV of the protective glass 11 is less than the field of vision FOV0 of the protective glass 31 of the prior art, which implies that the light rays L1 are less deviated and therefore they converge further towards the focus F. We thus have f > f 0 .

Les figures 3 à 5 illustrent respectivement des courbes de fonction de transfert optique autrement appelées courbes FTO :
- d’une caméra 10 sans glace de protection,
- d’une caméra 10 disposée en regard de la glace de protection 11 définie avec un rayon de courbure interne R2 adapté pour avoir une focale f qui tend vers l’infini,
- d’une caméra 10 disposée en regard d’une glace de protection 31 de l’état de la technique antérieur définie avec un rayon de courbure R2 non adapté.Figures 3 to 5 respectively illustrate optical transfer function curves, otherwise called FTO curves:
- a camera 10 without protective glass,
- a camera 10 arranged facing the protective glass 11 defined with an internal radius of curvature R2 adapted to have a focal length f which tends towards infinity,
- a camera 10 placed opposite a protective glass 31 of the prior art defined with an unsuitable radius of curvature R2.

Les courbes correspondent à différents angles d’incidence (entre 0° et 97°) des rayons lumineux L1 qui arrivent sur le système optique 100 de la caméra 10. The curves correspond to different angles of incidence (between 0° and 97°) of the light rays L1 which arrive on the optical system 100 of the camera 10.

Les courbes de fonctions de transfert optiques de la servent de référence. The optical transfer function curves of the serve as a reference.

Une courbe de fonction de transfert optique permet d’évaluer la capacité des éléments d’un système optique tels qu’une caméra avec ou sans glace de protection à restituer du contraste en fonction de la finesse des détails d’un objet cible ; autrement dit, sa capacité à transmettre les fréquences spatiales de l'objet cible. Elle est utilisée pour évaluer la qualité du système optique 100. Elle permet ainsi d’évaluer la capacité d’une glace de protection 11 à ne pas dégrader les performances de la caméra 10 par rapport à une caméra 10 sans glace de protection ou avec une glace de protection 31 de l’état de la technique antérieur.An optical transfer function curve makes it possible to evaluate the ability of elements of an optical system such as a camera with or without protective glass to restore contrast depending on the fineness of the details of a target object; that is, its ability to transmit the spatial frequencies of the target object. It is used to evaluate the quality of the optical system 100. It thus makes it possible to evaluate the capacity of a protective glass 11 not to degrade the performance of the camera 10 compared to a camera 10 without protective glass or with a protective glass 31 of the prior art.

En ordonnée des courbes, on trouve le contraste entre 0 et 1 (référencé ct). En abscisse, on trouve la fréquence spatiale de l’objet cible en cycle/millimètres (référencée spf(cy/mm)). Cela représente la finesse du détail de l’objet cible.On the ordinate of the curves, we find the contrast between 0 and 1 (referenced ct). On the abscissa, we find the spatial frequency of the target object in cycles/millimeters (referenced spf(cy/mm)). This represents the fine detail of the target object.

Comme on peut le voir sur la , avec une glace de protection 11 optimisée, à savoir un rayon de courbure interne R2 qui est adapté, quel que soit l’angle d’incidence considéré, on a une FTO non dégradée. On obtient quasiment les mêmes courbes que dans le cas de la , à savoir dans le cas sans glace de protection. Par contre, comme on peut le voir sur la , ce n’est pas le cas avec une glace de protection 31 non optimisée de l’état de la technique antérieur, à savoir avec un rayon de courbure interne R2 non adapté, on obtient des courbes totalement différentes de celles de la .As can be seen on the , with an optimized protective glass 11, namely an internal radius of curvature R2 which is adapted, whatever the angle of incidence considered, we have an undegraded FTO. We obtain almost the same curves as in the case of the , namely in the case without protective glass. On the other hand, as we can see on the , this is not the case with a non-optimized protective glass 31 of the prior art, namely with an internal radius of curvature R2 not adapted, we obtain curves completely different from those of the .

Ainsi, la glace de protection 11 du système optique 1 permet d’obtenir les mêmes performances pour la caméra 10 qui est placée en regard qu’une caméra 10 qui n’a aucune glace de protection. Ainsi, la glace de protection 11 ne gêne pas la caméra 10. Thus, the protective glass 11 of the optical system 1 makes it possible to obtain the same performance for the camera 10 which is placed opposite it as a camera 10 which has no protective glass. Thus, the protective glass 11 does not obstruct the camera 10.

Bien entendu la description de l’invention n’est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus et au domaine décrit ci-dessus. Of course the description of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and to the field described above.

Ainsi, l’invention décrite présente notamment les avantages suivants :
- elle permet d’intégrer une caméra 10 derrière une glace de protection 11 sans diminuer les performances de la caméra 10,
- elle permet de garder la forme de style donnée à la glace de protection 11 par le constructeur automobile car elle ne modifie pas sa face externe 11.1,
- elle permet d’obtenir une glace de protection 11 optiquement neutre en adaptant localement la face interne 11.2 de la glace de protection 11,
- elle est simple à mettre en œuvre.
Thus, the invention described has in particular the following advantages:
- it makes it possible to integrate a camera 10 behind a protective glass 11 without reducing the performance of the camera 10,
- it makes it possible to keep the style given to the protective glass 11 by the car manufacturer because it does not modify its external face 11.1,
- it makes it possible to obtain an optically neutral protective glass 11 by locally adapting the internal face 11.2 of the protective glass 11,
- it is simple to implement.

Claims (9)

Système optique (1) pour véhicule (2) comprenant :
- une caméra (10) configurée pour acquérir des images (I1) de l’environnement extérieur dudit véhicule (2),
- une glace de protection (11) configurée pour être disposée en regard de ladite caméra (10), ladite glace de protection (11) comprenant une face externe (11.1) en regard de l’extérieur dudit véhicule (2), et une face interne (11.2) en regard de ladite caméra (10),
caractérisé en ce que ladite face interne (11.2) de ladite glace de protection (11) possède un rayon de courbure local R2 défini de sorte que la glace de protection (11) possède une focale (f) qui tend vers l’infini. Optical system (1) for vehicle (2) comprising:
- a camera (10) configured to acquire images (I1) of the external environment of said vehicle (2),
- a protective glass (11) configured to be arranged facing said camera (10), said protective glass (11) comprising an external face (11.1) facing the exterior of said vehicle (2), and a face internal (11.2) facing said camera (10),
characterized in that said internal face (11.2) of said protective glass (11) has a local radius of curvature R2 defined so that the protective glass (11) has a focal length (f) which tends towards infinity. Système optique (1) selon la revendication 1, selon lequel ledit rayon de courbure local R2 est tel que R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, avec R1 un rayon de courbure local de ladite face externe (11.1), d’une épaisseur locale de ladite glace de protection (11) et n l’indice de réfraction de ladite glace de protection (11).Optical system (1) according to claim 1, according to which said local radius of curvature R2 is such that: R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, with R1 a local radius of curvature of said external face (11.1), d 'a local thickness of said protective glass (11) and n the refractive index of said protective glass (11). Système optique (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, selon lequel ladite caméra (10) est une caméra RGB ou infrarouge. Optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said camera (10) is an RGB or infrared camera. Système optique (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, selon lequel ladite face externe (11.1) possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R1.Optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, according to which said external face (11.1) has a set of local radii of curvature R1. Système optique (1) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, selon lequel ladite face interne (11.2) possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R2.Optical system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, according to which said internal face (11.2) has a set of local radii of curvature R2. Glace de protection (11) pour véhicule (2) configurée pour être disposée en regard d’une caméra (10) embarquée sur ledit véhicule (2), ladite glace de protection (11) comprenant une face externe (11.1) en regard de l’extérieur dudit véhicule (2), et une face interne (11.2) en regard de ladite caméra (10),
caractérisé en ce que ladite face interne (11.2) de ladite glace de protection (11) possède un rayon de courbure local R2 défini de sorte que ladite glace de protection (11) possède une focale (f) qui tend vers l’infini.Protective glass (11) for vehicle (2) configured to be arranged facing a camera (10) on board said vehicle (2), said protective glass (11) comprising an external face (11.1) facing the the exterior of said vehicle (2), and an internal face (11.2) facing said camera (10),
characterized in that said internal face (11.2) of said protective glass (11) has a local radius of curvature R2 defined so that said protective glass (11) has a focal length (f) which tends towards infinity. Glace de protection (11) selon la revendication précédente, selon laquelle ledit rayon de courbure local R2 est tel que R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, avec R1 un rayon de courbure local de ladite face externe (11.1), d’une épaisseur locale de ladite glace de protection (11) et n un indice de réfraction de ladite glace de protection (11). Protective glass (11) according to the preceding claim, according to which said local radius of curvature R2 is such that: R2=R1-(n-1)d/n, with R1 a local radius of curvature of said external face (11.1), a local thickness of said protective glass (11) and n a refractive index of said protective glass (11). Glace de protection (11) selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, selon laquelle ladite face externe (11.1) possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R1.Protective glass (11) according to claim 6 or claim 7, according to which said external face (11.1) has a set of local radii of curvature R1. Glace de protection (11) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, selon laquelle ladite face interne (11.2) possède un ensemble de rayons de courbure locaux R2.Protective glass (11) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, according to which said internal face (11.2) has a set of local radii of curvature R2.
EP23731205.3A 2022-06-17 2023-06-06 Optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera Pending EP4540657A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR2205928A FR3137614A1 (en) 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Optical system for vehicle comprising a camera
PCT/EP2023/065053 WO2023241990A1 (en) 2022-06-17 2023-06-06 Optical system for a vehicle comprising a camera

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