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EP4436926A1 - Système et procédé de traitement d'eau potable - Google Patents

Système et procédé de traitement d'eau potable

Info

Publication number
EP4436926A1
EP4436926A1 EP22818657.3A EP22818657A EP4436926A1 EP 4436926 A1 EP4436926 A1 EP 4436926A1 EP 22818657 A EP22818657 A EP 22818657A EP 4436926 A1 EP4436926 A1 EP 4436926A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ion exchanger
water
hydrogen
loaded
magnesium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22818657.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Katharina Weitgasser
Jürgen JOHANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BWT Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
BWT Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BWT Holding GmbH filed Critical BWT Holding GmbH
Publication of EP4436926A1 publication Critical patent/EP4436926A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
    • B01J39/09—Inorganic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
    • B01J47/026—Column or bed processes using columns or beds of different ion exchange materials in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J49/50—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents
    • B01J49/53—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents for cationic exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J49/75—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of water softeners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/685—Devices for dosing the additives
    • C02F1/688—Devices in which the water progressively dissolves a solid compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/006—Cartridges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
    • C02F2301/043—Treatment of partial or bypass streams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system and a method for treating drinking water.
  • the invention relates to a system with a plant for softening drinking water.
  • the invention also relates to a cartridge for mineralization, which is designed for such a system.
  • Water softening systems such as those used in particular in the household and in industry/catering, often include an ion exchanger which is regenerated with a salt solution.
  • ion exchanger which is regenerated with a salt solution.
  • BWT Aqua Perla is sold, for example, by the applicant under the trade name BWT Aqua Perla.
  • the input water is routed through the ion exchanger.
  • hardeners especially calcium and magnesium, are exchanged for sodium or potassium. These are concentration-dependent equilibrium reactions.
  • the ion exchanger can therefore be regenerated with a concentrated salt solution, in particular with a common salt solution, as soon as it is exhausted.
  • the water softened with such a system therefore has a relatively high sodium content, which is proportional to the hardness of the input water.
  • Such water can be optimally used for washing and cleaning.
  • the installation system and surfaces in the bathroom and kitchen are protected against limescale deposits.
  • Sodium is in itself an element that is necessary for the body, which in particular regulates the water balance in the body and the blood pressure. Sodium is also important for cell maintenance and the generation and transmission of nerve impulses.
  • the recommended upper limit for table salt consumption is 6 g per day. However, the average salt consumption of the population is usually much higher. reason are u . a. Finished products and processed animal products such as sausage and cheese products. Especially in risk groups, such as diabetics or people with kidney diseases, an oversupply of sodium can lead to health problems. Sodium binds water in the body and in the blood vessels, which can lead to an increase in blood pressure. Due to the increased water loss via the kidneys, calcium can also be excreted, which can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
  • the water treated with the softening system described above is therefore usually not ideal for drinking.
  • the invention is based on the object of at least reducing the stated disadvantages of the prior art. It is a particular object of the invention to provide a system or provide a process for the treatment of drinking water, with which sodium or low-potassium, but at the same time calcium or magnesium-containing water can be provided and adequate limescale protection can still be achieved.
  • the object of the invention is already achieved by a system and a method for treating drinking water and by a cartridge designed for the system according to one of the independent claims.
  • the invention relates to a system for treating drinking water.
  • the invention relates to a system that can be used, for example, in the home and in the catering trade for treating tap water.
  • the system includes a softening system with an ion exchanger which can be regenerated with an alkali salt.
  • the softening system can be regenerated with sodium or potassium chloride.
  • the softening system includes a brine tank in addition to the ion exchanger. When the ion exchange material is exhausted, concentrated salt brine is passed over the ion exchanger via a controller, with the ions deposited there (for example calcium and magnesium) being exchanged for sodium or potassium.
  • an ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen and then a mineralization material which releases calcium, magnesium and/or silicon is arranged on the flow side after the softening system and before an extraction point.
  • the system comprises a multiplicity of extraction points, with the water being routed over the hydrogen-laden ion exchanger and the mineralization material only at at least one extraction point at which water is to be extracted for drinking.
  • the sodium or potassium is first exchanged for hydrogen via the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen.
  • the water is then passed over the mineralization material, with calcium, magnesium and/or silicon being released into the water.
  • the pH value is increased when potassium or Sodium ions reduced against hydrogen ions.
  • the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen can be a strongly acidic ion exchanger.
  • Such ion exchangers include, for example, sulfonic acid groups.
  • a weakly acidic ion exchanger, in particular with carboxyl groups, can also be used.
  • the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen and the mineralization material are preferably arranged in a cartridge, in particular in a single cartridge.
  • the materials are located in separate chambers, in particular with a non-return valve between the chambers.
  • the mineralization material is preferably in the form of granules.
  • granules with an average particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 6 mm, can be used.
  • the grains of the granules can in particular be in the form of spheres. Such an embodiment ensures that the mineralization material dissolves only slowly, so that a long-lasting, uniform release is achieved.
  • the mineralization material can comprise magnesium and/or calcium oxide, magnesium and/or calcium hydroxide, magnesium and/or calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide.
  • the mineralization material can comprise calcium hydroxide granules and magnesium carbonate granules. In particular, these two materials can be present in a mixed bed.
  • the invention also relates to a cartridge which is designed for the above system.
  • the cartridge comprises a first chamber with the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen and a second chamber with the mineralization material.
  • a return lock is preferably located between the chambers. Instead of a non-return valve, however, there can also be a sufficiently long piece of pipe in between to ensure that no acidic water from the ion exchanger gets into the mineralization material.
  • the invention also relates to a method for treating drinking water, in particular using the system described above.
  • the input water is passed through an ion exchanger, which is loaded with alkali ions, especially sodium and potassium ions.
  • Hardeners such as magnesium and calcium are partially or completely removed so that the water is now soft.
  • the soft water is fed to an installation system with a large number of tapping points.
  • the water In front of at least one tapping point, the water is first passed through an ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen and then through a mineralization material which releases calcium, magnesium or silicon.
  • Only taps that are used to draw drinking water are, for example, equipped with a cartridge that removes the sodium from the water via the hydrogen-laden ion exchanger and enriches the water with magnesium and calcium via the mineralization material.
  • the hydrogen-loaded ion exchanger acidifies the water due to the carbonic acid balance that is established, in particular to a pH value of 2.0 and 4.5.
  • the mineralization material in turn increases the pH value.
  • the quantitative ratios of ion exchange material and mineralization material are preferably selected in such a way that the starting water is adjusted to a pH of 5.5 to 6.8, preferably 5.8 to 6.5. After passing through the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen, so many salt ions are preferably removed that the sodium or potassium content is less than 5, preferably less than 2 mg/l.
  • the mineralization material can be used to adjust the initial water to a calcium content of 10 to 40 mg/l, preferably 15 to 30 mg/l and/or a magnesium content of 15 to 40 mg/l, preferably 20 to 30 mg/l.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system for treating drinking water according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the cartridge used for the system.
  • Fig. 2a shows an alternative embodiment in which two separate cartridges are used.
  • Fig. 3 to fig. 6 are graphs, each showing the content of sodium, magnesium, calcium and the pH value of the water after passing through the softening system, after passing through the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen and after passing through the mineralization material.
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a system 1 for the treatment of drinking water in a schematic representation.
  • the system 1 can be used in particular in the household and in the catering trade.
  • the input water flows via a water connection 2 via a line 3 into the installation system.
  • the water first flows into a softening system 4 .
  • the softening system 4 includes an ion exchanger loaded with sodium. Hardeners in the water are exchanged for sodium ions.
  • the system includes a brine tank 4a, into which salt is filled, in order to regenerate the system 1 at regular intervals via a corresponding controller (not shown).
  • the brine used for regeneration is fed to a drain (not shown).
  • the installation system branches out downstream of the softening system 4 .
  • a tap 6 such as a tap or water dispenser, from which water is to be taken for drinking
  • a cartridge 10 on the flow side in front of the tap 6, which includes a chamber with an ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen and a chamber with the mineralization material.
  • the sodium is removed from the water of the water softening system 4 via the cartridge 10 and calcium and magnesium and optionally also silicon are added.
  • a bypass 14 can run around the cartridge 10 through which some of the water runs.
  • the bypass 14 is preferably adjustable with regard to the amount of waste.
  • the cartridge 10 is preferably exchangeable, for example as an exchangeable filter cartridge.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the cartridge 10.
  • the cartridge is divided into two chambers 11 and 12 .
  • the ion exchange material loaded with hydrogen is located in the first chamber 11 on the flow side.
  • This can be, for example, granules made from an ion exchange resin.
  • the following chamber 12 on the flow side is filled with the mineralization material.
  • the mineralization material can in particular be granules in which the grains contain 70 to 90% magnesium carbonate, 2 to 10% by weight! Magnesium hydroxide and optionally 2 to 10% silica. Magnesium is released into the water via this material.
  • the granules can comprise grains which comprise 70 to 90% calcium hydroxide, 10 to 20% calcium carbonate and optionally 1 to 5% silicon dioxide. Calcium is released into the water via this material.
  • the granules can in particular be spherical and the mean particle size can be between 0.5 and 10 mm.
  • Fig. 2a shows an alternative embodiment, in which the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen is located in a first chamber 11, which is connected via a line piece to the second chamber 12, in which the mineralization material is located. Ion exchanger and mineralization material are therefore in separate chambers, in particular cartridges.
  • the piece of pipe in between ensures that even without a backflow stop, the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen does not dissolve the mineralization material by exchanging hydrogen for calcium and magnesium from the mineralization material.
  • 3 to 5 is a representation, each with graphs showing the content of a) the water after the softening system, b) the water after passing through the hydrogen-loaded ion exchanger and c) after passing through the mineralization material with sodium, magnesium and calcium .
  • the filtered volume in liters is plotted on the x-axis and the content in mg/l is plotted on the y-axis.
  • the water after passing through the softening system, the water has a very high sodium content, in particular over 100 mg/l.
  • the sodium content on the other hand, after passing through the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen, is below 10 mg/l, in particular around 0, over the entire service life of the cartridge.
  • the magnesium content after passing through the mineralized material is adjusted to over 20 mg/l, whereas before it is under 5, especially close to 0.
  • This is set to a value of more than 10 mg/l and is below 5 mg/l, in particular approximately 0, before passing through the mineralization material.
  • Fig. 6 shows the pH value of the water in the flow path in accordance with the previous figures.
  • the water After passing through the softening system, the water has a neutral to slightly basic pH value.
  • the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen acidifies the water to a pH below 4 until it is exhausted.
  • the pH value is finally increased again by the mineralization material and adjusted to a slightly acidic pH value between 6 and 6.5. Despite the presence of calcium and magnesium, there is adequate protection against limescale.
  • Fig. 7 shows the method steps according to an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the input water from the water pipe is routed through a softening system.
  • the hardness components calcium and magnesium are exchanged for sodium.
  • the water containing sodium is then passed through the ion exchanger loaded with hydrogen, the sodium being exchanged for hydrogen and preferably being almost completely removed from the water.
  • the water is then passed over magnesium carbonate and calcium hydroxide granules.
  • the invention made it possible to provide a system in a simple manner with which, despite good protection against limescale, water low in sodium and potassium and at the same time rich in minerals is made available at taps that are used to draw water for drinking.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de traitement d'eau potable comprenant un système d'adoucissement avec un échangeur d'ions. Ledit échangeur d'ions est régénéré avec un sel alcalin, en particulier du chlorure de sodium ou de potassium. Un échangeur d'ions chargé d'hydrogène est placé du côté de l'écoulement en aval du système d'adoucissement et en amont d'un point d'extraction. Ensuite, un matériau de minéralisation est disposé, qui distribue du calcium, du magnésium et/ou du silicium.
EP22818657.3A 2021-11-22 2022-11-17 Système et procédé de traitement d'eau potable Pending EP4436926A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021130491.1A DE102021130491A1 (de) 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 System sowie Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Trinkwasser
PCT/EP2022/082247 WO2023089014A1 (fr) 2021-11-22 2022-11-17 Système et procédé de traitement d'eau potable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4436926A1 true EP4436926A1 (fr) 2024-10-02

Family

ID=84439770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22818657.3A Pending EP4436926A1 (fr) 2021-11-22 2022-11-17 Système et procédé de traitement d'eau potable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20250011194A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4436926A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021130491A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023089014A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024110987A1 (de) 2024-04-19 2025-10-23 Bwt Holding Gmbh Wasserfilter sowie Verfahren zum Schutz eines Wasserfilters vor Keimbildung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5174901A (en) * 1991-06-10 1992-12-29 Smith Verity C Liquid purifying system
US5468373A (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-11-21 Chou; Wu-Chang Multiple-effect water treatment apparatus
DE102010023612A1 (de) 2009-06-15 2010-12-16 Aquis Wasser-Luft-Systeme Gmbh, Lindau, Zweigniederlassung Rebstein Teeaufbereitungsgerät mit einem Wassertank und einem darin befindlichen Wasserfilter mit wasserstoffförmigen Kationentauscher
DE102012007149A1 (de) 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Bwt Water+More Gmbh Kartusche zur Trinkwasseraufbereitung sowie Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Trinkwasser
EP3428128A1 (fr) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-16 Omya International AG Procédé d'augmentation de la concentration d'ions de magnésium dans l'eau d'alimentation
DE102018116266B4 (de) 2018-07-05 2023-10-12 Bwt Ag Kartusche zur Aufbereitung von Trinkwasser, deren Verwendung sowie Verfahren zur Anreicherung von Trinkwasser mit Silizium
DE102019132319B4 (de) 2019-11-28 2023-10-12 Bwt Ag Kartusche zur Anreicherung von Trinkwasser mit Silicium sowie deren Verwendung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20250011194A1 (en) 2025-01-09
DE102021130491A1 (de) 2023-05-25
WO2023089014A1 (fr) 2023-05-25

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