Fungicidal composition and method of treatment thereof
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a method of controlling, preventing and/or treating of phytopathogenic fungi causing diseases in plants.
The invention further relates to agricultural compositions thereof.
Background art
Use of pesticides in agriculture production plays an important role by preventing pests and insects' infestation which attack crops and cause significant damages and losses in food production.
The use of pesticides has increased many folds over the past few decades and such increased use imposes an important impact on the environment since frequent fungicide treatments are necessary to protect the crop due to factors such as increased pest resistance or crop disease susceptibility.
For environmental reasons there is a need to develop alternative methods of control of various fungal diseases in crops with reduced amount of fungicides necessary for efficient control of such fungal diseases.
Therefore, it is of utmost importance to find alternative pesticides with less or no environmental impact which will still provide adequate protection and benefit for crops.
According to the present invention, potassium phosphite which is considered to be a "green" product in combination with reduced doses of fungicides results in the same level of plant protection as treatments with the recommended full dose of fungicides.
These combined treatments reduce the doses of application of traditional fungicides and may also decrease the selection pressure for fungicide resistance development by the pathogen.
EP1355532 discloses a fungicide formulation composition based on phosphonic acid (phosphite) having a pH less than 4.
EP2566332 discloses a granular formulation with fungicidal activity comprising the active ingredient tebuconazole and a fertilizer with biostimulating activity, wherein one of the disclosed fertilizers is potassium phosphite.
W02004047540 discloses mixtures comprising salts of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal, Mn or Zn of phosphorous acid and at least a second component selected from compounds having an antifungal activity.
Potassium phosphite combined with reduced doses of fungicides provides efficient protection against potato late blight in large-scale field trials, Liljeroth et al.. Crop Protection Volume 86, August 2016, Pages 42-55 disclose combinations of fungicides fluazinam; cyazofamid; mandipropamid; metalaxyl-M + fluazinam; fluopicolide + propamocarb), [3- amino-butyric acid, and potassium phosphite in treatment of potato late blight.
Currently several products containing potassium phosphite are available, both as a single active ingredient or in a mixture with other active ingredients such as VIATHON containing two active components - tebuconazole and potassium phosphite; ODYSSEY containing potassium phosphite, tebuconazole and azoxystrobin; CATAMARAN containing potassium phosphite and chlorothalonil, etc.
However, none of those documents or products disclose mixture of prothioconazole and potassium phosphite nor the use of such mixtures in combating Septoria spp. and Fusarium spp. infections and diseases on crops.
Summary of invention
According to the present invention, combined use of a phosphite salt (e.g., potassium phosphite, sodium phosphite, ammonium phosphite or other alkaline phosphites) and reduced doses of prothioconazole are investigated in methods of treatment of crops against fungal diseases. The preferred salt is potassium phosphite.
A method is disclosed for controlling, preventing and/or treating of phytopathogenic fungi causing fungal infections in plants, wherein said method comprises treating the plants, plant parts and/or the seeds or the soil in which the plant is growing, or in which it is desired to grow with a fungicidally effective amount of prothioconazole and fungicidally effective amount of potassium phosphite.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, combined use of potassium phosphite and reduced doses of prothioconazole are used in a method for the treatment of fungal diseases in crops caused by: a) in cereals - Septoria spp.; Blumeria graminis; Fusarium spp.; Puccinia spp.; Pyrenophora spp.; Rhynchosporium spp.; Tapesia spp.; Ramuiaria; Microdochium nivaie; b) in oilseed rape - Aiternaria brassicae; Scierotinia scierotiorum; Phoma; Pyrenopeziza brassicae; Botrytis spp.; c) in sunflower - Botrytis spp.; Phoma; Diaporthe heiianthin; Aiternaria spp.; d) in sugar beet - Cercospora spp.; Puccinia spp.; Ramuiaria,- e) in corn - Kabatieiia spp.; Heiminthosporium spp.; f) in potato - Phytophtora spp.; Pythium spp.; Heiminithosporium soiani; Aiternaria spp.; Rhizctonia soiani; g) in soybean - Phakopsora spp.; Fusarium; Blumeria graminis; Cercospora spp.; Colletotrichum spp.; Scierotinia; Rhizoctonia spp.; Septoria spp.
According to the present invention, phytopathogenic fungi are further selected from Septoria spp. and Fusarium spp. causing fungal diseases in cereals and soybean.
Furthermore, prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 60 g/ha to about 150 g/ha, e.g., from 70 g/ha, or from 80 g/ha, or from 90 g/ha, up to 150 g/ha; preferably up to 120 g/ha, or up to 110 g/ha; or up to 100 g/ha, for example, about 60 g/ha to about 100 g/ha.
Furthermore, the salt potassium phosphite is applied in an amount of about 600 g/ha to about 1500 g/ha, e.g., from 800 g/ha to 1200 g/ha, or from about 600 g/ha to about 1000 g/ha.
Furthermore, disclosed herein are application rates of 80 g/ha to 120 g/ha, e.g., about 100 g/ha of prothioconazole and 800 g/ha to 1500 g/ha, e.g., 800 g/ha to 1200 g/ha, for example, about 1000 g/ha of potassium phosphite.
Also disclosed are application rates wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 60 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 600 g/ha, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 100 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 1500 g/ha, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 150 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 1000 g/ha.
In one aspect, application rates of about 100 g/ha of prothioconazole and about 1000 g/ha of potassium phosphite are used in methods of treatment of Septoria spp. and Fusarium spp. in cereals and soybean.
The active ingredients can be applied successively (using suitable formulations of the individually applied materials, including for example, a suspension concentrate of prothioconazole and aqueous solutions or solid forms of the phosphite salt) or simultaneously (i.e., a single application achieved by tank-mixing the aforementioned products or by using an agricultural formulation in which the two fungicides are coformulated).
Definitions
The following description and examples are shown for exemplary and explanatory purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The features and characteristics illustrated and/or described herein in connection with various examples presented herein may be combined with the features and characteristics of other examples also provided herein and such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
For the purpose of the present disclosure, the following terms and abbreviations have the following meaning:
As used herein, term "fungicidally effective amount" means the relative amount that is effective to inhibit or control fungus growth rate, increase mortality or eradicate the fungus when the fungicidal composition is applied to the target fungus at a given application rate.
As used herein, and unless otherwise indicated, the term "about" when used in connection with numeric values, parameters or numerical ranges such as amounts, volumes, volume ratios, volume percentages, weight ratios, weight percentages, or application rates of ingredients of a composition, means an amount, a volume, a volume ratio, a volume percentage, a weight ratio, a weight percentage, or an application rate that is recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art to provide a desired effect equivalent to that obtained from the specified amount, volume, volume ratios, volume percentages, weight ratio, weight percentage, or application rate, is encompassed herein and should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and applying ordinary rounding techniques.
Any numerical range disclosed herein is meant to include all sub-ranges subsumed within the recited one. For instance, a range from 1 to 10 includes all sub-ranges between and including the recited minimal value 1 and the recited maximum value 10 and any value inbetween, including any and all decimal values.
The terms "composition" and "formulation" are used interchangeably throughout the text and are meant as having the same meaning.
The terms "plant" and "crop" are used interchangeably throughout the text and are meant as having the same meaning.
Following abbreviations have the following meaning:
KHP or K-phosphite - means potassium phosphite
0,0% - disease progressed to maximum
100,0% - no disease symptoms observed
A - first treatment
B - second treatment
BBCH - system to coding the phenological growth stages of plants
DA-A - days after first treatment (application)
DA-B - days after second treatment (application)
FL-1, FL-2, FL-n, etc. - means flag leaf minus 1, flag leaf minus 2, flag leaf minus n, wherein leaf-n is the oldest leaf on the plant (first emerged)
FLAGLE - means flag leaf
EAR - means grain-bearing tip
Disclosure of invention
The data in the below presented tables are expressed as follows: a) Data for untreated check (inoculated or not) is the percentage of infestation of the disease on the plant, for example on the leaves. b) Data where the treatments were applied is percentage of disease control (%disease control) by the applied compositions.
Example 1: Field trials Septoria in cereals (winter wheat)
Application timing: A = +/- BBCH32
B = BBCH 39-51 (21 DA-A)
Application timing: A = +/- BBCH32
B = BBCH 39-51 (21 DA-A)
Example 2: Field trials Fusarium in cereals (winter wheat)
Application timing: A = +/- BBCH60
Application timing: A = BBCH 60
Proth ioconazole 250 EC treatment was prepared/diluted from commercially available products to predetermined concentration and sprayed on the plants in amounts mentioned above and in Example 1 and Example 2.
All other treatments were prepared from formulated products to predetermined concentration and sprayed on the plants in amounts mentioned above and in Example 1 and Example 2.
Further embodiments according to the invention:
1. A method for controlling, preventing and/or treating of phytopathogenic fungi causing fungal infections in plants, wherein the method comprises treating the plants, plant parts and/or the seeds or the soil in which the plant is growing or in which it is desired to grow with a fungicidally effective amount of prothioconazole and fungicidally effective amount of potassium phosphite.
2. A method according to embodiment 1, wherein phytopathogenic fungi are selected from and are causing fungal diseases in selected crops: a) in cereals - Septoria spp.; B/umeria graminis; Fusarium spp.; Puccinia spp.; Pyrenophora spp.; Rhynchosporium spp.; Tapesia spp.; Ramuiaria; Microdochium nivaie; b) in oil seed rape - Aiternaria brassicae; Scierotinia scierotiorum; Phoma; Pyrenopeziza brassicae; Botrytis spp.; c) i n su nflower - Botrytis spp.; Phoma; Diaporthe heiianthin; Aiternaria spp.; d) in sugar beet - Cercospora spp.; Puccinia spp.; Ramuiaria,- e) in corn - Kabatieiia spp.; Heiminthosporium spp.; f) in potato - Phytophtora spp.; Pythium spp.; Heiminithosporium soiani; Aiternaria spp.; Rhizctonia soiani; g) in soybean - Phakopsora spp.; Fusarium; Biumeria graminis; Cercospora spp.; Colletotrichum spp.; Scierotinia; Rhizoctonia spp.; Septoria spp. A method according to embodiment 1, wherein phytopathogenic fungi are selected from Septoria spp. and Fusarium spp. causing fungal diseases in cereals and soybean. A method according to any of embodiments 1-3, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 60 g/ha to about 150 g/ha. A method according to embodiment 4, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 60 g/ha to about 100 g/ha. A method according to embodiment 4, wherein potassium phosphite is applied in an amount of about 600 g/ha to about 1500 g/ha.
A method according to embodiment 4, wherein potassium phosphite is applied in an amount of about 600 g/ha to about 1000 g/ha. A method according to embodiment 1, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 100 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 1000 g/ha. A method according to embodiment 1, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 150 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 1000 g/ha. A method according to embodiment 1, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 60 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 600 g/ha. A method according to embodiment 1, wherein prothioconazole is applied in an amount of about 100 g/ha in combination with potassium phosphite in an amount of 1500 g/ha.