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EP4423905A1 - Photovoltaic installation - Google Patents

Photovoltaic installation

Info

Publication number
EP4423905A1
EP4423905A1 EP22768955.1A EP22768955A EP4423905A1 EP 4423905 A1 EP4423905 A1 EP 4423905A1 EP 22768955 A EP22768955 A EP 22768955A EP 4423905 A1 EP4423905 A1 EP 4423905A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
wind turbine
crosspieces
turbine blade
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22768955.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lionel Perret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Planair SA
Original Assignee
Planair SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH70453/21A external-priority patent/CH718791A2/en
Application filed by Planair SA filed Critical Planair SA
Publication of EP4423905A1 publication Critical patent/EP4423905A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/21—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for motorways, e.g. integrated with sound barriers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/50—Maintenance or repair
    • F03D80/507—Retrofitting; Repurposing, i.e. reusing of wind motor parts for different purposes; Upgrading, i.e. replacing parts for improving the wind turbine performance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular system for the design, installation, production, modification and easy maintenance of photovoltaic systems in particular, but not exclusively, near roads and highways.
  • One object among others of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic system adaptable to a wide variety of installation locations.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a reuse of wind turbine blades at the end of their life to prevent them from becoming waste. This goal can be combined with others, or independent.
  • a photovoltaic module comprising at least one wind turbine blade with a reused horizontal axis or a wind turbine blade section with reused horizontal axis forming a beam, characterized by a plurality of crosspieces fixed to the beam, each crosspiece carrying photovoltaic panels.
  • each crosspiece can carry a double row of photovoltaic panels and can having a clamping structure in the middle, configured to clamp the wind turbine blade or the wind turbine blade section forming the beam on the upper surface and on the lower surface.
  • the modules can be supported in a horizontal position by a vertical pillar at one end and preferably by a secondary pillar supporting the opposite second end.
  • the modules of the invention lend themselves to several uses.
  • a remarkable example is a "solar highway" comprising a plurality of horizontal photovoltaic modules arranged one after the other along a road, the pillars of each module being located on two opposite sides of the road, so that each module forms a bridge spanning the road.
  • the invention makes use, in embodiments, of reused wind turbine blades. Unlike recycling, which makes it possible to reintroduce materials from end-of-life products in the manufacture of new products, reuse preserves the structure of the product while assigning it to a different use. In the context of the invention, this includes aerodynamic structures designed for use in a wind turbine rotor which are put to another use after initial use. Also included in reused blades are new products that have never been used in the initially intended application, either because they do not conform to specifications, or for other reasons. Reuse, (also called retargeting) does not require grinding or crushing the original product, but may include some preparation and processing steps, such as cutting, painting, drilling, assembly, and so on.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate an arrangement of the photovoltaic module of the invention on a reused horizontal axis wind turbine blade
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a possible embodiment of the connection between a horizontal axis wind turbine blade and the photovoltaic module of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 show part of a photovoltaic module of the invention in a discharged situation, respectively in bending.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 schematically illustrate a use of the photovoltaic modules of the invention in a photovoltaic park along a highway, respectively a railway line.
  • the photovoltaic modules 16 are planar structures comprising several photovoltaic panels as shown in Figure 1.
  • the solar panels 18 are preferably bifacial to collect, in addition to direct solar radiation, also the scattered light coming from the bottom .
  • Each module comprises at least one support beam 25 which is a reused horizontal axis wind turbine blade, or else a horizontal axis wind turbine blade section.
  • Each sleeper 25 carries a plurality of crosspieces 26 which intersect it at right angles in their middle and are regularly distributed over the length.
  • Each crosspiece is equipped with a double row of photovoltaic modules 18.
  • the crosspieces 26 are independent of each other, and can follow the inevitable flexions of the blade 25 without transmitting dangerous forces to the panels 18.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a variant of the modules 16 also comprising a single beam 25 and crosspieces 26.
  • the crosspieces in this variant move away from the longitudinal axis 72 of the beam at an acute angle.
  • the invention also includes variants, not shown, with several beams in each module 16.
  • the beams can be arranged parallel, in "V", or in any suitable arrangement and can comprise one or more wind turbine blades or blade sections of wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine blades can also participate in the construction of the crosspieces 26 or the frame 28.
  • FIG. 4 represents part of a photovoltaic module according to the invention in which the beam formed by the blade 25 is not deformed.
  • the photovoltaic panels 18 lie essentially in the same horizontal plane. We can see the clamping pads 27 which secure each of the crosspieces 26 with the blade 25 independently.
  • the electrical line 31 comprises flexible cables and transmits the electrical energy produced by the photovoltaic panels 18 to one end of the module.
  • Figure 5 shows the same photovoltaic module with the beam 25 highly deformed.
  • the figure is not to scale. Distortions and arrows are exaggerated to make them more visible.
  • the overall curvature of the wind turbine blade 25 displaces the photovoltaic panels 18 from the nominal plane. Thanks to the independence of the crosspieces, no mechanical force is transmitted to the panels.
  • the empty spaces between the rows of panels are sized according to the maximum expected deformations so as to avoid any impact between the panels.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a photovoltaic installation according to the present invention in which a plurality of photovoltaic modules are arranged one after the other along a communication channel, for example a busy road or a Highway 80.
  • Communication routes often offer desirable conditions for such photovoltaic installations: Sunshine conditions are generally favorable and access is excellent.
  • roads are often bordered by power lines to distribute energy that cannot be used on site.
  • the figures illustrate approximately triangular photovoltaic modules arranged alternately so as to maximize coverage, but other arrangements are possible.
  • the modules are supported by a main pillar 42 at one end and, preferably, by an auxiliary pillar 48 positioned further along the beam 25.
  • the beam 25 can be bolted to the main pillar by the root (not shown) originally intended to connect the blade to the hub of a wind turbine.
  • the main pillar 42 and the auxiliary pillar 48 are planted on two opposite sides of the road, so that the photovoltaic module 16 spans the road horizontally and the vehicles pass over it.
  • the modules of the invention can support road signs, surveillance cameras, or any other device useful for the management and control of the road and traffic.
  • the photovoltaic modules 16 of the invention can also be arranged along other communication routes, for example railways 81, with the same advantages as roads and highways.
  • the layout of the modules can be orthogonal or diagonal, as shown here.
  • the communication channels to which this variant of the invention is applicable also include canals and navigable waterways.
  • the modules 16 can also be arranged along rivers, streams, torrents, aqueducts, irrigation canals, pipelines for the transport of gas, oil, penstocks, etc.
  • the photovoltaic modules 16 of the invention can also be used as a barrier to conceal traffic, attenuate noise, protect from sun and rain. It goes without saying that the same installation, or similar installations, can be applied to other open spaces such as reservoirs, footpaths, parking lots, sports facilities, stations, urban spaces and so on.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module (16) comprising at least one recycled blade of a horizontal-axis wind turbine or a section of a recycled blade of a horizontal-axis wind turbine which forms a beam (25), characterised by a plurality of cross-members (26) secured to the beam (25), each cross-member bearing photovoltaic panels (18).

Description

Installation photovoltaïque Photovoltaic system

Domaine technique Technical area

[0001] La présente invention concerne un système modulaire permettant la conception, l'installation, la réalisation, la modification et l'entretien aisé de systèmes photovoltaïques en particulier, mais pas exclusivement, en proximité des routes et des autoroutes. The present invention relates to a modular system for the design, installation, production, modification and easy maintenance of photovoltaic systems in particular, but not exclusively, near roads and highways.

Etat de la technique State of the art

[0002] Les installations photovoltaïques revêtent déjà une importance significative et leur nombre est toujours en croissance grâce, entre autres, au prix toujours plus faible des panneaux photovoltaïques en silicium. Les installations solaires restent toutefois visuellement imposantes et occupent des surfaces imposantes. En dehors des toitures, il est difficile de trouver des locations pouvant accueillir des nouvelles installations. [0002] Photovoltaic installations are already of significant importance and their number is still growing thanks, among other things, to the ever lower price of silicon photovoltaic panels. However, the solar installations remain visually imposing and occupy impressive surfaces. Apart from roofs, it is difficult to find rentals that can accommodate new installations.

[0003] On connaît aussi des installations pour transformer l'énergie cinétique du vent en énergie électrique. Les plus répandues actuellement sont les génératrices éoliennes à axe horizontal comportant, de façon générale, une nacelle positionnée au sommet d'un mât. La nacelle peut pivoter selon la direction instantanée du vent et supporte une turbine que le vent fait tourner autour d'un axe horizontal. Ces structures peuvent atteindre des tailles considérables, et les pales des turbines plus puissantes ont désormais des longueurs de 80 mètres et plus. [0003] Installations are also known for transforming the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy. The most widespread currently are horizontal axis wind generators generally comprising a nacelle positioned at the top of a mast. The nacelle can pivot according to the instantaneous direction of the wind and supports a turbine that the wind makes turn around a horizontal axis. These structures can reach considerable sizes, and the blades of more powerful turbines now have lengths of 80 meters and more.

[0004] Le traitement de fin de vie des pales d'éolienne est un thème d'attention mondiale. Il arrive régulièrement que les pales soient démontées pour faire place à des nouvelles pales plus performantes. La majorité des pales sont fabriquées en matériaux composites de résines thermodurcissables et fibres de verre, aramide ou carbone qui ne sont pas recyclables par les procédés usuels. Les pales sont généralement traitées comme déchets à la fin de leur vie technique. On connaît des procédés de recyclage de ces produits, comportant par exemple la thermolyse ou solvolyse de la matrice thermodurcissable pour récupérer la composante fibreuse. Ces procédés ont cependant des coûts énergétiques et économiques considérables et donnent un produit recyclé de médiocre qualité. [0004] The end-of-life treatment of wind turbine blades is a subject of worldwide attention. It regularly happens that the blades are dismantled to make room for new, more efficient blades. The majority of the blades are made of composite materials of thermosetting resins and glass, aramid or carbon fibers which are not recyclable by the usual processes. The blades are generally treated as waste at the end of their technical life. Processes for recycling these products are known, comprising for example thermolysis or solvolysis of the thermosetting matrix to recover the fibrous component. These processes, however, have considerable energy and economic costs and result in a poor quality recycled product.

[0005] Le plus souvent les pales d'éolienne en fin de vie sont incinérées, avec émission de polluants et microparticules, ou parfois, par manque de procédés économiques pour les broyer ou concasser, simplement ensevelies dans des terrains de décharge. Plusieurs pays interdisent ou envisagent d'interdire cette pratique. [0005] Most often wind turbine blades at the end of their life are incinerated, with emission of pollutants and microparticles, or sometimes, for lack of economical processes for grinding or crushing them, simply buried in landfill sites. Several countries ban or plan to ban this practice.

[0006] Les anciennes pales non utilisées ont un coût important comme la seule composante non recyclable d'une éolienne. Il y a dès lors un besoin d'une voie de réutilisation efficace et économique de ces produits. [0006] The old, unused blades have a high cost as the only non-recyclable component of a wind turbine. There is therefore a need for an efficient and economical way of reusing these products.

Bref résumé de l'invention Brief summary of the invention

[0007] Un but parmi d'autres de la présente invention est de proposer un système photovoltaïque adaptable à une grande variété de lieux d'installation. One object among others of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic system adaptable to a wide variety of installation locations.

[0008] Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer une réutilisation des pales d'éoliennes en fin de vie pour éviter qu'elles ne deviennent des déchets. Ce but peut être combiné avec d'autres, ou indépendant. Another object of the invention is to propose a reuse of wind turbine blades at the end of their life to prevent them from becoming waste. This goal can be combined with others, or independent.

[0009] Selon l'invention, ces buts sont atteints notamment au moyen de l'objet des revendications annexées, et notamment par un module photovoltaïque comprenant au moins une pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal réutilisé ou une section de pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal réutilisée formant une poutre, caractérisé par une pluralité de traverses fixées sur la poutre, chaque traverse portant des panneaux photovoltaïques. [0010] Les revendications dépendantes introduisent des caractéristiques utiles, avantageuses ou souhaitables, mais pas essentielles. Elles portent par exemple sur le fait que les traverses sont fixées sur la poutre à angle droit en leur milieu, ou bien qu'elle s'éloigne de la poutre selon un angle aigu, chaque traverse peut porter une double rangée de panneaux photovoltaïques et peut avoir comportant une structure de serrage en son milieu, configurée pour serrer la pale d'éolienne ou la section de pale d'éolienne formant la poutre sur l'extrados et sur l'intrados. Les modules peuvent être soutenu en position horizontale par un pilier vertical à une extrémité et, de préférence par un pilier secondaire soutenant la seconde extrémité opposée. [0009] According to the invention, these objects are achieved in particular by means of the subject matter of the appended claims, and in particular by a photovoltaic module comprising at least one wind turbine blade with a reused horizontal axis or a wind turbine blade section with reused horizontal axis forming a beam, characterized by a plurality of crosspieces fixed to the beam, each crosspiece carrying photovoltaic panels. [0010] The dependent claims introduce useful, advantageous or desirable, but not essential, features. They relate for example to the fact that the crosspieces are fixed to the beam at a right angle in the middle, or that it moves away from the beam at an acute angle, each crosspiece can carry a double row of photovoltaic panels and can having a clamping structure in the middle, configured to clamp the wind turbine blade or the wind turbine blade section forming the beam on the upper surface and on the lower surface. The modules can be supported in a horizontal position by a vertical pillar at one end and preferably by a secondary pillar supporting the opposite second end.

[0011] Les modules de l'invention se prêtent à plusieurs usages. Un exemple remarquable est une "autoroute solaire" comprenant une pluralité de modules photovoltaïques horizontaux disposés l'un après l'autre le long d'une route, les piliers de chaque module étant implantés de deux côtés opposés de la route, en sorte que chaque module forme un pont enjambant la route. The modules of the invention lend themselves to several uses. A remarkable example is a "solar highway" comprising a plurality of horizontal photovoltaic modules arranged one after the other along a road, the pillars of each module being located on two opposite sides of the road, so that each module forms a bridge spanning the road.

[0012] L'invention fait usage, dans des modes de réalisation, de pales d'éolienne réutilisées. A différence du recyclage qui permet de réintroduire les matériaux des produits en fin de vie dans la fabrication de nouveaux produits, la réutilisation conserve la structure du produit tout en l'affectant à un emploi différent. Dans le contexte de l'invention, cela comprend des structures aérodynamiques conçues pour l'utilisation dans un rotor d'éolienne qui sont affectée à un autre usage après l'utilisation initiale. On inclut aussi dans les pales réutilisées des produits neufs qui n'ont jamais été utilisés dans l'application initialement prévue, soit car non conformes aux spécifications, soit pour d'autres raisons. La réutilisation, (aussi appelée reciblage) ne nécessite pas de broyer ou concasser le produit original, mais peut inclure quelques étapes de préparation et transformation, par exemple de coupe, peinture, perçage, assemblage, et ainsi de suite. Dans le contexte de l'invention, on peut par exemple utiliser soit des pales entières, soit des sections de pales coupées à la longueur voulue. [0013] Lorsqu'on indique que les modules photovoltaïques sont "plats" ou gisent dans un plan, il ne faut pas entendre par cela que les modules sont contenus dans un plan géométrique idéal, mais que leur disposition est essentiellement planaire, tout en admettant les déformations inévitables due à la flexibilité des matériaux. Les pales d'éolienne à axe horizontal ont la capacité de supporter des charges statiques et dynamiques très importantes et peuvent très bien soutenir une importante surface de panneaux solaires. Il s'agit pourtant de structures élastiques qui peuvent développer une flèche considérable sous charge. Compte tenu de leurs grandes dimensions, ces déformations restent modestes. The invention makes use, in embodiments, of reused wind turbine blades. Unlike recycling, which makes it possible to reintroduce materials from end-of-life products in the manufacture of new products, reuse preserves the structure of the product while assigning it to a different use. In the context of the invention, this includes aerodynamic structures designed for use in a wind turbine rotor which are put to another use after initial use. Also included in reused blades are new products that have never been used in the initially intended application, either because they do not conform to specifications, or for other reasons. Reuse, (also called retargeting) does not require grinding or crushing the original product, but may include some preparation and processing steps, such as cutting, painting, drilling, assembly, and so on. In the context of the invention, it is for example possible to use either whole blades or sections of blades cut to the desired length. [0013] When it is indicated that the photovoltaic modules are "flat" or lie in a plane, this does not mean that the modules are contained in an ideal geometric plane, but that their arrangement is essentially planar, while admitting the inevitable deformations due to the flexibility of the materials. Horizontal axis wind turbine blades have the ability to withstand very large static and dynamic loads and can support a large area of solar panels very well. They are, however, elastic structures which can develop considerable deflection under load. Given their large dimensions, these deformations remain modest.

Brève description des figures Brief description of figures

[0014] Des exemples de mise en œuvre de l'invention sont indiqués dans la description illustrée par les figures annexées dans lesquelles : Examples of implementation of the invention are indicated in the description illustrated by the appended figures in which:

- La figures 1 et 2 illustrent une disposition du module photovoltaïque de l'invention sur une pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal réutilisée - Figures 1 and 2 illustrate an arrangement of the photovoltaic module of the invention on a reused horizontal axis wind turbine blade

- La figure 3 illustre une réalisation possible de la liaison entre une pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal et le module photovoltaïque de l'invention. - Figure 3 illustrates a possible embodiment of the connection between a horizontal axis wind turbine blade and the photovoltaic module of the invention.

- Les figures 4 et 5 montrent une partie d'un module photovoltaïque de l'invention en situation déchargée, respectivement en flexion. - Figures 4 and 5 show part of a photovoltaic module of the invention in a discharged situation, respectively in bending.

- Les figure 6 et 7 illustrent schématiquement une utilisation des modules photovoltaïques de l'invention dans un parc photovoltaïque le long d'une autoroute, respectivement d'une voie de chemin de fer. Exemple(s) de mode de réalisation de l'invention - Figures 6 and 7 schematically illustrate a use of the photovoltaic modules of the invention in a photovoltaic park along a highway, respectively a railway line. Example(s) of embodiment of the invention

[0015] Selon l'invention les modules photovoltaïques 16 sont des structures planes comportant plusieurs panneaux photovoltaïques comme illustré par la figure 1. Les panneaux solaires 18 sont préférablement bifaciaux pour récolter, en plus du rayonnement solaire direct, aussi la lumière diffusée provenant du bas. Chaque module comporte au moins une poutre de support 25 qui est une pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal réutilisée, ou bien une section de pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal. According to the invention the photovoltaic modules 16 are planar structures comprising several photovoltaic panels as shown in Figure 1. The solar panels 18 are preferably bifacial to collect, in addition to direct solar radiation, also the scattered light coming from the bottom . Each module comprises at least one support beam 25 which is a reused horizontal axis wind turbine blade, or else a horizontal axis wind turbine blade section.

[0016] La figure 1 montre une disposition des panneaux photovoltaïques dans un module photovoltaïque. En cette variante, la paleFigure 1 shows an arrangement of photovoltaic panels in a photovoltaic module. In this variant, the blade

25 porte une pluralité de traverses 26 qui la coupent à angle droit dans leur milieu et sont régulièrement distribuées sur la longueur. Chaque traverse25 carries a plurality of crosspieces 26 which intersect it at right angles in their middle and are regularly distributed over the length. Each sleeper

26 est fixée sur la pale 25, par exemple par des structures 27 qui serrent la pale 25 s'appuyant sur l'extrados et sur l'intrados, comme il est représenté sur la figure 3. Les traverses s'étendent symétriquement des deux côtés de la pale 25. La géométrie du serrage sera étudiée en fonction de la structure interne de la pale d'éolienne 25, notamment par rapport à la position des renforts internes de la pale 25 (représentés sommairement en section). 26 is fixed to the blade 25, for example by structures 27 which clamp the blade 25 resting on the upper surface and on the lower surface, as shown in Figure 3. The crosspieces extend symmetrically on both sides of the blade 25. The geometry of the clamping will be studied according to the internal structure of the wind turbine blade 25, in particular with respect to the position of the internal reinforcements of the blade 25 (shown summarily in section).

[0017] Chaque traverse est équipée d'une double rangée de modules photovoltaïques 18. Avantageusement, les traverses 26 sont indépendantes les unes des autres, et peuvent suivre les flexions inévitables de la pale 25 sans transmettre des efforts dangereux aux panneaux 18. [0017] Each crosspiece is equipped with a double row of photovoltaic modules 18. Advantageously, the crosspieces 26 are independent of each other, and can follow the inevitable flexions of the blade 25 without transmitting dangerous forces to the panels 18.

[0018] La figure 2 illustre une variante des modules 16 comprenant elle aussi une seule poutre 25 ainsi que des traverses 26. Les traverses en cette variante s'éloignent de l'axe longitudinal 72 de la poutre selon un angle aigu. L'invention comprend aussi des variantes, non illustrées, avec plusieurs poutres en chaque module 16. Les poutres peuvent être arrangés parallèles, en "V", ou dans n'importe quelle disposition appropriée et peuvent comporter une ou plusieurs pales d'éolienne ou sections de pales d'éolienne. Les pales d'éolienne peuvent aussi participer à la construction des traverses 26 ou du cadre 28. Figure 2 illustrates a variant of the modules 16 also comprising a single beam 25 and crosspieces 26. The crosspieces in this variant move away from the longitudinal axis 72 of the beam at an acute angle. The invention also includes variants, not shown, with several beams in each module 16. The beams can be arranged parallel, in "V", or in any suitable arrangement and can comprise one or more wind turbine blades or blade sections of wind turbine. The wind turbine blades can also participate in the construction of the crosspieces 26 or the frame 28.

[0019] On montrera par la suite des exemples d'utilisation des modules photovoltaïques 16 de l'invention dans lesquels la poutre 25 et les traverses 26 gisent essentiellement à l'horizontale. L'invention n'est pas limitée à cette disposition, cependant. Will be shown later examples of use of photovoltaic modules 16 of the invention in which the beam 25 and the crosspieces 26 lie essentially horizontally. The invention is not limited to this arrangement, however.

[0020] Comme mentionné plus haut, il est préférable que les traverses 26 soient indépendantes les unes des autres de façon à pouvoir suivre les flexions de la pale d'éolienne 25. La figure 4 représente une partie d'un module photovoltaïque selon l'invention dans lequel la poutre formée par la pale 25 n'est pas déformée. Les panneaux photovoltaïques 18 gisent essentiellement dans un même plan horizontal. On peut voir les patins de serrage 27 qui solidarisent chacune des traverses 26 avec la pale 25 indépendamment. La ligne électrique 31 comporte des câbles flexibles et transmet l'énergie électrique produite par les panneaux photovoltaïques 18 à une extrémité du module. As mentioned above, it is preferable that the crosspieces 26 are independent of each other so as to be able to follow the flexures of the wind turbine blade 25. FIG. 4 represents part of a photovoltaic module according to the invention in which the beam formed by the blade 25 is not deformed. The photovoltaic panels 18 lie essentially in the same horizontal plane. We can see the clamping pads 27 which secure each of the crosspieces 26 with the blade 25 independently. The electrical line 31 comprises flexible cables and transmits the electrical energy produced by the photovoltaic panels 18 to one end of the module.

[0021] La figure 5 montre le même module photovoltaïque avec la poutre 25 fortement déformée. La figure n'est pas à l'échelle. Les déformations et les flèches sont exagérées pour les rendre plus visibles. La courbure globale de la pale d'éolienne 25 déplace les panneaux photovoltaïques 18 du plan nominal. Grâce à l'indépendance des traverses, aucun effort mécanique n'est transmis aux panneaux. Les espaces vides entre les rangées de panneaux sont dimensionnés en fonction des déformations maximales attendues de façon à éviter tout choc entre les panneaux. La figure 7 illustre une déformation présentant une concavité vers le haut, telle que l'on attend lorsque la poutre 25 est posée entre deux supports, mais les modules photovoltaïques de l'invention peuvent tolérer aussi des déformations ayant une concavité vers le bas si la poutre 25 est soutenue en porte-à-faux, ainsi que des déformations plus complexes, par exemple des torsions. [0022] La figure 6 illustre une installation photovoltaïque selon la présente invention dans laquelle une pluralité de modules photovoltaïques sont disposé l'un après l'autre le long d'une voie de communication, par exemple d'une route de grande circulation ou d'une autoroute 80. Les voies de communication offrent souvent des conditions désirables pour des telles installations photovoltaïques : Les conditions d'ensoleillement sont en général favorables et l'accès est excellent. De plus, les routes sont souvent longées par de lignes électriques permettant de distribuer l'énergie qui ne peut pas être utilisée sur place. Les figures illustrent des modules photovoltaïques approximativement triangulaires disposés en alternance de façon à maximiser la couverture, mais d'autres dispositions sont possibles. Figure 5 shows the same photovoltaic module with the beam 25 highly deformed. The figure is not to scale. Distortions and arrows are exaggerated to make them more visible. The overall curvature of the wind turbine blade 25 displaces the photovoltaic panels 18 from the nominal plane. Thanks to the independence of the crosspieces, no mechanical force is transmitted to the panels. The empty spaces between the rows of panels are sized according to the maximum expected deformations so as to avoid any impact between the panels. FIG. 7 illustrates a deformation having an upward concavity, such as is expected when the beam 25 is placed between two supports, but the photovoltaic modules of the invention can also tolerate deformations having a downward concavity if the beam 25 is supported cantilever, as well as more complex deformations, for example, twists. [0022] Figure 6 illustrates a photovoltaic installation according to the present invention in which a plurality of photovoltaic modules are arranged one after the other along a communication channel, for example a busy road or a Highway 80. Communication routes often offer desirable conditions for such photovoltaic installations: Sunshine conditions are generally favorable and access is excellent. In addition, roads are often bordered by power lines to distribute energy that cannot be used on site. The figures illustrate approximately triangular photovoltaic modules arranged alternately so as to maximize coverage, but other arrangements are possible.

[0023] Les modules sont soutenus par un pilier principal 42 à une extrémité et, préférablement, par un pilier auxiliaire 48 positionné plus loin le long la poutre 25. Avantageusement, la poutre 25 peut être boulonnée au pilier principal par l'emplanture (non représentée) prévue à l'origine pour relier la pale au moyeu d'une turbine éolienne. Le pilier principal 42 et le pilier auxiliaire 48 sont emplantés de deux côtés opposés de la route, en sorte que le module photovoltaïque 16 enjambe la route horizontalement et le véhicules passent au-dessus. En plus de la production d'énergie photovoltaïque, les modules de l'invention peuvent soutenir la signalisation routière, des caméras de surveillance, ou tout autre dispositif utile à la gestion et au contrôle de la route et de la circulation. The modules are supported by a main pillar 42 at one end and, preferably, by an auxiliary pillar 48 positioned further along the beam 25. Advantageously, the beam 25 can be bolted to the main pillar by the root (not shown) originally intended to connect the blade to the hub of a wind turbine. The main pillar 42 and the auxiliary pillar 48 are planted on two opposite sides of the road, so that the photovoltaic module 16 spans the road horizontally and the vehicles pass over it. In addition to the production of photovoltaic energy, the modules of the invention can support road signs, surveillance cameras, or any other device useful for the management and control of the road and traffic.

[0024] Comme illustré sur la figure 7, les modules photovoltaïques 16 de l'invention peuvent être disposés aussi le long d'autres voies de communications, par exemple de voies ferrées 81, avec les mêmes avantages que les routes et les autoroutes. Selon la largeur et la structure à couvrir, l'implantation des modules peut être orthogonale ou bien diagonale, comme ici illustré. Les voies de communication auxquelles cette variante de l'invention est applicable comprennent aussi les canaux et les cours d'eau navigables. [0025] Par ailleurs, les modules 16 peuvent être également disposés le long des rivières, fleuves, torrents, aqueducs, canaux d'irrigation, pipelines pour le transport de gaz, huile, conduites forcées, etc. As illustrated in Figure 7, the photovoltaic modules 16 of the invention can also be arranged along other communication routes, for example railways 81, with the same advantages as roads and highways. Depending on the width and the structure to be covered, the layout of the modules can be orthogonal or diagonal, as shown here. The communication channels to which this variant of the invention is applicable also include canals and navigable waterways. Furthermore, the modules 16 can also be arranged along rivers, streams, torrents, aqueducts, irrigation canals, pipelines for the transport of gas, oil, penstocks, etc.

[0026] Les modules photovoltaïques 16 de l'invention peuvent aussi servir de barrière pour dissimuler la circulation, atténuer le bruit, protéger du soleil et de la pluie. Il va de soi que la même installation, ou des installations similaires, peuvent être appliquées à d'autres espaces ouverts tels que réservoirs, chemins pédestres, parkings, installations sportives, gares, espaces urbains et ainsi de suite. The photovoltaic modules 16 of the invention can also be used as a barrier to conceal traffic, attenuate noise, protect from sun and rain. It goes without saying that the same installation, or similar installations, can be applied to other open spaces such as reservoirs, footpaths, parking lots, sports facilities, stations, urban spaces and so on.

Numéros de référence employés sur les figures Reference numbers used in the figures

[0027] [0027]

16 module photovoltaïque 16 photovoltaic module

18 panneaux photovoltaïques 18 photovoltaic panels

25 pale d'éolienne réutilisée, poutre 25 reused wind turbine blade, beam

26 nervure 26 rib

27 moyens de serrage 27 clamping means

28 cadre 28 frame

31 câbles 31 cables

42 pilier principal 42 main pillar

48 pilier auxiliaire 48 auxiliary pillar

72 axe longitudinal de la poutre 72 longitudinal axis of the beam

80 autoroute 80 highway

81 voie ferrée 81 railway

Claims

9 Revendications 9 Claims 1. Module photovoltaïque (16) comprenant au moins une pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal réutilisé ou une section de pale d'éolienne à axe horizontal réutilisée formant une poutre (25) caractérisé par une pluralité de traverses (26) fixées sur la poutre (25), chaque traverse portant des panneaux photovoltaïques (18). 1. Photovoltaic module (16) comprising at least one reused horizontal axis wind turbine blade or a reused horizontal axis wind turbine blade section forming a beam (25) characterized by a plurality of crosspieces (26) fixed on the beam (25), each crosspiece carrying photovoltaic panels (18). 2. Module photovoltaïque selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les traverses (26) sont fixées sur la poutre à angle droit en leur milieu, chaque traverse portant une double rangée de panneaux photovoltaïques (18). 2. Photovoltaic module according to the preceding claim, wherein the crosspieces (26) are fixed to the beam at right angles in the middle, each crosspiece carrying a double row of photovoltaic panels (18). 3. Module photovoltaïque selon l'une des revendications précédentes, chaque traverse (26) comportant une structure de serrage (27) en son milieu, configurée pour serrer la pale d'éolienne ou la section de pale d'éolienne formant la poutre (25). 3. Photovoltaic module according to one of the preceding claims, each crosspiece (26) having a clamping structure (27) in its middle, configured to clamp the wind turbine blade or the wind turbine blade section forming the beam (25 ). 4. Module photovoltaïque selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un premier pilier vertical sur lequel appuie une première extrémité de la poutre (25) et un pilier secondaire soutenant une seconde extrémité de la poutre (25), en sorte que la poutre (25) les traverses (26) et les panneaux photovoltaïques (18) gisent dans un même plan horizontal. 4. Photovoltaic module according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a first vertical pillar on which rests a first end of the beam (25) and a secondary pillar supporting a second end of the beam (25), so that the beam ( 25) the crosspieces (26) and the photovoltaic panels (18) lie in the same horizontal plane. 5. Installation photovoltaïque comprenant une pluralité de modules photovoltaïques (16) horizontaux selon la revendication précédente disposés l'un après l'autre le long d'une voie de communication (80, 81), ou d'un cours d'eau. 5. Photovoltaic installation comprising a plurality of photovoltaic modules (16) horizontal according to the preceding claim arranged one after the other along a communication channel (80, 81), or a watercourse. 6. Installation photovoltaïque selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle les modules photovoltaïques (16) sont disposés avec la poutre (25) orthogonale à la voie de communication (80, 81) ou du cours d'eau. 6. Photovoltaic installation according to the preceding claim, wherein the photovoltaic modules (16) are arranged with the beam (25) orthogonal to the communication channel (80, 81) or the watercourse.
EP22768955.1A 2021-10-27 2022-08-18 Photovoltaic installation Pending EP4423905A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH70453/21A CH718791A2 (en) 2020-06-25 2021-10-27 Photovoltaic module and installation.
PCT/IB2022/057755 WO2023073443A1 (en) 2021-10-27 2022-08-18 Photovoltaic installation

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KR101463529B1 (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-11-19 (주)위텍 Street tree type solar power generation system for grand capacity
CN108809215A (en) * 2017-05-05 2018-11-13 陈则韶 Side sets up photovoltaic battery panel electricity generating plan on a highway
EP3462605A1 (en) * 2017-10-02 2019-04-03 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Photovoltaic roadway assembly
US11411526B2 (en) * 2019-10-23 2022-08-09 Innotect Infrastructure energy generation system comprising photovoltaic structures

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