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EP4421432A1 - Procédé et apparail de liquéfaction d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures d'alimentation - Google Patents

Procédé et apparail de liquéfaction d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4421432A1
EP4421432A1 EP23020083.4A EP23020083A EP4421432A1 EP 4421432 A1 EP4421432 A1 EP 4421432A1 EP 23020083 A EP23020083 A EP 23020083A EP 4421432 A1 EP4421432 A1 EP 4421432A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture refrigerant
compressor
refrigerant circuit
mixture
feed gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP23020083.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Gwinner
Jan-Peter Bohn
Marcus Lang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP23020083.4A priority Critical patent/EP4421432A1/fr
Publication of EP4421432A1 publication Critical patent/EP4421432A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0247—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control start-up of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0248—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming, maintenance; Back-up mode or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/19—Pumping down refrigerant from one part of the cycle to another part of the cycle, e.g. when the cycle is changed from cooling to heating, or before a defrost cycle is started
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2523—Receiver valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process and a plant for liquefying a hydrocarbon-containing feed gas.
  • Mixture refrigerants made from different hydrocarbon components and nitrogen can be used, particularly in natural gas liquefaction. In such processes, these can be run in one, two or three mixture refrigerant circuits (Single Mixed Refrigerant, SMR; Dual Mixed Refrigerant, DMR; Mixed Fluid Cascade, MFC). Mixture refrigerant circuits with propane pre-cooling (C3MR) are also known. The term "single mixture refrigerant circuit" is also used below for designs with a single mixture refrigerant circuit.
  • aspects of the present disclosure relate in particular to small plants for the liquefaction of hydrocarbon-containing feed gases such as biogas, which can in principle operate according to the same principles as large natural gas liquefaction plants, but in particular have a simplified structure and should possibly meet other requirements, such as the ability to interrupt operation without problems or a more dynamic mode of operation.
  • hydrocarbon-containing feed gases such as biogas
  • Cooling processes for small gas liquefaction systems are currently comparatively inefficient and unreliable.
  • Conventional processes include liquefaction with cold liquid nitrogen, open and closed methane cycles, Joule-Thompson cycles or helium-based Sterling processes.
  • Compressors especially centrifugal compressors, such as those used in gas liquefaction plants to compress refrigerants, are typically equipped with gas seals. These have the particular function of preventing the compressed gas from escaping and protecting the compressors, which typically operate under considerable pressures and temperatures, from pressure drops.
  • the sealing gas used in the gas seals and the mechanical design of the gas seals must meet extremely high requirements such as freedom from particles on the one hand and dimensional tolerances and surface smoothness on the other.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the use of highly efficient encapsulated (hermetic) compressors in single-mix refrigerant circuits for low-temperature gas liquefaction, particularly on a small scale, Energy- and cost-efficient, reliable and self-sufficient operating options can be created because this eliminates the aforementioned requirements for a sealing gas system and a make-up system.
  • the present invention proposes a method for liquefying a hydrocarbon-containing feed gas, wherein the feed gas is cooled and at least partially liquefied in a heat exchanger in a pressurized state, wherein one, in particular exactly one, mixed refrigerant is heated and at least partially evaporated in the heat exchanger, wherein the mixed refrigerant is guided in one, in particular exactly one, mixed refrigerant circuit, and wherein the mixed refrigerant is compressed in the mixed refrigerant circuit using a compressor.
  • the compressor is designed as a hermetic compressor and/or one driven via a magnetic coupling.
  • aspects of the present invention may include the use of a specifically designed compressor system in a particularly energy-efficient single-mixture refrigerant circuit.
  • the compressor may be driven via a magnetic coupling, e.g. by an electric motor, or a completely hermetic compressor machine train with an encapsulated compressor and drive may be used.
  • hermetic compressor is used in the usual way. Instead of the term “hermetic compressor”, the term “fully hermetic compressor” can in principle also be used.
  • the drive motor and the compression elements are typically arranged in a pressure-resistant capsule. Both components can be arranged in the refrigerant flow and thereby cooled.
  • the encapsulation can be provided in such a way that it is not possible to open the compressor for repair purposes.
  • Hermetic compressors are conventionally used for applications such as climate chambers, refrigerators and freezers, smaller cold rooms and household heat pumps. A hermetic compressor can therefore be completely sealed off from the environment.
  • Hermetic compressors can be "linked” so that they work effectively even if a compressor does not deliver the required performance or fails. Is Therefore, although we refer here to "a” corresponding compressor in the singular, this should not exclude the use of further compressors, for example in serial and/or parallel arrangement or in redundancy.
  • the refrigerant system or the single refrigerant circuit can be designed for the expected high standstill pressure, although it must be ensured that the system can start up under appropriate conditions.
  • a drain tank designed for a correspondingly high pressure can be used to temporarily store the system's liquid inventory from cold system parts after a shutdown. In this way, the standstill pressure in the refrigerant system or the single refrigerant circuit is significantly reduced. The drained and (partially evaporated) refrigerant components can then be fed back into the refrigerant circuit after the compressor has started up.
  • the method proposed here can therefore, in corresponding embodiments, comprise a liquefaction mode in which the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-containing feed gas is carried out, and a standby mode in which the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-containing feed gas is not carried out, whereby the compressor is not operated in the standby mode or is operated at a lower power than in the liquefaction mode.
  • Embodiments of the present invention enable such an intermittent mode of operation and therefore also allow use for the liquefaction of feed gases that are only available periodically, so that the requirements can be met in a special way, particularly when operating small plants.
  • At least part of the mixture refrigerant can be transferred from the mixture refrigerant circuit to a drain vessel, and during a transition between the standby operation and the condensation operation, at least part of the mixture refrigerant can be transferred from the drain vessel back into the mixture refrigerant circuit.
  • this reduces losses and a pressure increase can be limited in terms of its height in the mixture refrigerant circuit as a whole or with regard to the location of the pressure increase (namely, e.g. only to the drain tank).
  • the transition between standby mode and condensation mode can in particular comprise a start-up phase in which the compressor is initially put into operation or operated with (again) increased power, and in which at least part of the mixture refrigerant is then successively transferred from the drain vessel back into the mixture refrigerant circuit.
  • a start-up phase in which the compressor is initially put into operation or operated with (again) increased power, and in which at least part of the mixture refrigerant is then successively transferred from the drain vessel back into the mixture refrigerant circuit.
  • At least part of the mixed refrigerant circuit can be designed to be sealed off, whereby in particular only the correspondingly sealed off parts have to withstand a pressure build-up. In such cases, the entire system does not need to be designed to be pressure-resistant, which would entail corresponding costs.
  • the hydrocarbon-containing feed gas can comprise biogas or gasification gas produced by gasification of another carbon-containing starting material such as waste, shale gas and/or natural gas.
  • another carbon-containing starting material such as waste, shale gas and/or natural gas.
  • Embodiments of the present invention therefore include that liquefaction capacities of no more than 10 tons per day are provided in one plant or that the hydrocarbon-containing feed gas is fed to the process in an amount of no more than 450 kilograms per hour.
  • a network of several plants in order to achieve higher liquefaction capacities is conceivable and can be provided.
  • the present invention is used in particular in embodiments with a single mixture refrigerant circuit, so that embodiments of the present invention can therefore comprise that exactly one mixture refrigerant circuit is used.
  • any mixture refrigerant can be used, i.e. a mixture with at least two of the components nitrogen, methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, butane or pentane in any relative amounts can be used as the mixture refrigerant, as far as technically feasible.
  • a plant for liquefying a hydrocarbon-containing feed gas is also the subject of the present invention, wherein the plant is designed to cool the feed gas in a pressurized state in a heat exchanger and to at least partially liquefy it, wherein the plant is designed to heat a mixture refrigerant in the heat exchanger and to at least partially evaporate it, and wherein the plant is designed to guide the mixture refrigerant in a mixture refrigerant circuit and to compress the mixture refrigerant in the mixture refrigerant circuit using a compressor.
  • the proposed system is characterized in that the compressor is designed as a hermetic compressor and/or that the compressor is driven using a magnetic coupling.
  • the present invention or corresponding embodiments of the invention comprise the combination of an efficient mixed refrigerant circuit comprising nitrogen, methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, butane or pentane with a hermetic compression system without refrigerant losses and, if required, a hermetically integrated lubrication system.
  • a hermetic compression system without refrigerant losses and, if required, a hermetically integrated lubrication system.
  • no external sealing gas is required and the system has no sealing gas losses from the process side (mixed refrigerant circuit) to the atmosphere or other systems.
  • the single mixture refrigerant circuit offers an energy-efficient way to reduce flash gas that is generated when liquefied gas is throttled into a storage vessel.
  • the flash gas can optionally be fed back to the feed gas after cold recovery (e.g. in biogas plants with low-pressure feed gas sources) or used in a low-pressure fuel gas system, for example.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a mixed refrigerant 102 is heated and at least partially evaporated, wherein the mixed refrigerant 102 is guided in a mixed refrigerant circuit, designated here as a whole by 20.
  • the mixed refrigerant 102 is compressed in the mixed refrigerant circuit 20 using a compressor 21, which in the illustrated example is driven by an electric motor 22.
  • the compressor 21 is designed as a hermetic compressor 21 and/or the compressor 21 is driven using a magnetic coupling.
  • the compressor 21 is fed from a storage tank 23, which is provided in particular to prevent liquid from being fed into the compressor 21.
  • a kickback line with a valve 28 branches off on the pressure side of the compressor 21.
  • the compressed mixture coolant 102 is cooled and partially condensed by means of an air cooler 24.
  • a two-phase mixture formed is fed into a separator tank 25. Gas extracted from the separator tank 25 is fed to the heat exchanger 10 on the warm side. Liquid also extracted from the separator tank 25 is fed to the heat exchanger 10 via an intermediate feed. Gas and liquid are combined and further cooled in the heat exchanger 10 and in particular fully liquefied.
  • the liquid formed is fed via a valve 26 into a flash tank 27, from which gas and liquid are taken, fed to the heat exchanger 10, and combined within the heat exchanger 10. After heating and evaporation in the heat exchanger 10, the mixed refrigerant 102 is fed back to the storage tank 23, thus closing the mixed refrigerant circuit 20.
  • FIG 2 a method according to a further embodiment of the present invention is illustrated and designated as a whole by 200. This comprises the already Figure 1 explained features and additionally a standby system, which is designated here with a total of 30.
  • the method 200 may include a liquefaction operation in which the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-containing feed gas 101 is performed and a standby operation in which the liquefaction of the hydrocarbon-containing feed gas 101 is not performed.
  • the compressor 21 is not operated in the standby mode or is operated at a lower power than in the condensation mode. As already explained, during a transition between the condensation mode and the standby mode, at least part of the mixture refrigerant 102 from the mixture refrigerant circuit 20 can be transferred or drained into a drain vessel 31 in the standby system 30.
  • corresponding lines are provided upstream of the valve 26 with a valve 32, in the liquid line arranged downstream of the flash container 27 with a valve 33, and upstream of the valve 28 in the kickback line with a valve 34.
  • the mixture refrigerant 102 can be transferred from the drain vessel 31 back into the mixture refrigerant circuit 20, namely in the example illustrated here via a valve 35 into the storage tank 23.
  • the system is therefore equipped with a high-pressure drain tank or drain tank 31, which can hold the cold liquid mixture refrigerant 102 of the system. By draining the cold liquid from the system, the standstill pressure can be reduced during the standstill phases while the system warms up.
  • the drain tank 31 is designed for high pressure and the evaporation of the liquid over time is accepted.
  • the discharged mixture refrigerant 102 can be fed back into the process.
  • a kickback flow from the warm pressure side of the compressor 21 can be used to evaporate the remaining heavy components of the mixture refrigerant 102 in the drain tank 31.
  • the installation of the additional drain tank 31 reduces the design pressure of the system and reduces the effort required to restart the compressor 21 after longer downtimes. Even after long downtimes, no inventory losses need to be compensated for by a make-up system in such designs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP23020083.4A 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Procédé et apparail de liquéfaction d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures d'alimentation Withdrawn EP4421432A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23020083.4A EP4421432A1 (fr) 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Procédé et apparail de liquéfaction d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures d'alimentation

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EP23020083.4A EP4421432A1 (fr) 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Procédé et apparail de liquéfaction d'un gaz contenant des hydrocarbures d'alimentation

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EP4421432A1 true EP4421432A1 (fr) 2024-08-28

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3855810A (en) * 1972-02-11 1974-12-24 Linde Ag One flow cascade cycle with buffer volume bypass
EP0711968A2 (fr) * 1994-11-11 1996-05-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour le stockage intermédiaire d'un réfrigérant
US20200056839A1 (en) * 2018-08-14 2020-02-20 Exxont\ilobil Upstream Research Compan Conserving Mixed Refrigerant in Natural Gas Liquefaction Facilities
US20200080771A1 (en) * 2017-03-14 2020-03-12 Woodside Energy Technologies Pty Ltd Containerised lng liquefaction unit and associated method of producing lng

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3855810A (en) * 1972-02-11 1974-12-24 Linde Ag One flow cascade cycle with buffer volume bypass
EP0711968A2 (fr) * 1994-11-11 1996-05-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour le stockage intermédiaire d'un réfrigérant
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