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EP4402460A1 - Dispositif et procédé de surveillance automatique de couvercles de boissons et de boîtes alimentaires - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de surveillance automatique de couvercles de boissons et de boîtes alimentaires

Info

Publication number
EP4402460A1
EP4402460A1 EP22792784.5A EP22792784A EP4402460A1 EP 4402460 A1 EP4402460 A1 EP 4402460A1 EP 22792784 A EP22792784 A EP 22792784A EP 4402460 A1 EP4402460 A1 EP 4402460A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lighting units
camera
units
dark
field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22792784.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
QUISS Qualitaets InspektionsSysteme und Service GmbH
Original Assignee
QUISS Qualitaets InspektionsSysteme und Service GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by QUISS Qualitaets InspektionsSysteme und Service GmbH filed Critical QUISS Qualitaets InspektionsSysteme und Service GmbH
Publication of EP4402460A1 publication Critical patent/EP4402460A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/909—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents in opaque containers or opaque container parts, e.g. cans, tins, caps, labels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/9036—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents using arrays of emitters or receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/74—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the scene brightness using illuminating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N2021/845—Objects on a conveyor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G01N2021/8822—Dark field detection
    • G01N2021/8825—Separate detection of dark field and bright field
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/9018—Dirt detection in containers
    • G01N21/9027—Dirt detection in containers in containers after filling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/90—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in a container or its contents
    • G01N21/9054—Inspection of sealing surface and container finish
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/10—Scanning
    • G01N2201/104—Mechano-optical scan, i.e. object and beam moving
    • G01N2201/1042—X, Y scan, i.e. object moving in X, beam in Y

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device that enables automated optical inspection of three-dimensional objects, primarily metal lids and containers for beverage cans, during the ongoing production process.
  • cans and can ends are manufactured from the raw material (steel or aluminum rolls or plates, called “coil” or “metal sheets”) to the finished product - without any manual work - and packaged ready for dispatch.
  • a quality control must therefore also be implemented fully automatically. It is necessary to detect faulty parts and automatically remove them from the production process or eject them without stopping the production device, and to identify changes in production at an early stage in order to prevent a high level of rejects.
  • Video inspection systems have been used since the introduction of digital image recording using CCD cameras (today mainly CMOS cameras) and since the introduction of computer technology.
  • lighting elements today mainly in the form of LED arrays, the moving objects are briefly illuminated at the right time (in the range of psec.) and the camera(s) are exposed synchronously.
  • the object moving on conveyor belts (can or can lid) is imaged sharply despite the high speed due to the short lighting and exposure time, i.e. without blurring (no significant movement in a short period of e.g. 20psec).
  • the defects or production deviations to be detected on the surfaces of the objects can be divided into three categories:
  • This category includes, for example, scratches, deformations, bumps, dents, cracks, burrs and the like.
  • the test objects can be can lids, for example, and are transported on the conveyor belt at a speed of up to 6 meters/second.
  • a resolution of e.g. 1/10mm per pixel required for error detection and an object size of e.g. 100mm this corresponds to a number of at least 1,000 x 1,000 pixels.
  • a camera could achieve a refresh rate of e.g. 100Hz. This corresponds to a time interval of 10ms and at an object speed of 6m/s a corresponding distance of 60mm. As a result, no more than one recording per object could be realized with one camera.
  • the camera captures at least two digital images of the moving test objects in series during transport on the conveyor, so that a first digital image of the test object (20) is in a first position and a second digital image of the test object (20) is in a second position results, with the first and second position of the test object (20) by the movement of the conveyor (30) by means of a corresponding offset from each other,
  • the plurality of lighting units (12) are constructed from at least one or more dark-field lighting units (13) and one or more bright-field lighting units (14), which are each synchronous with the camera (11) by the controller (15) in such a way be controlled so that the first image recording produces a first contrast for detecting a first type of defect by a first specific activation of the dark field illumination units (13) and the bright field illumination units (14), and that the second image recording produces a second contrast for detecting a second type of defect generated by a second specific activation of the dark-field illumination units (13) and the bright-field illumination units (14), the first and second specific activation of the dark-field illumination units (13) and bright-field illumination units (14) differing from one another, forming the first and second contrasting differs.
  • the finding on which the present invention is based is that with only one optical structure and only one camera, several types of errors or error categories can be detected by a specific control of the dark field lighting units (13) and the bright field lighting units (14), depending on the Error type or error category can be recorded.
  • the dark-field illumination units (13) can be variably controlled by the controller (15) for individual images, so that the contrasting of the images can be varied in order to determine a specific type of defect.
  • the bright field illumination units (14) can be controlled variably by the controller (15) for individual images, so that the contrasting of the images can be varied in order to determine a specific type of error.
  • the dark-field lighting units (13) and the bright-field lighting units (14) can each be variably controlled by the controller (15) for individual image recordings, so that the contrasting of the image recordings can be varied in order to determine a specific type of error.
  • the lighting units (12), in addition to the dark-field lighting units (13) and the bright-field lighting units (14), have reflected-in coaxial lighting (16) by means of a half-mirror (17), which is controlled by the controller (15) in each case can be variably controlled for individual image recordings, so that the contrasting of the image recordings can be varied in order to be able to check the test object using improved lighting.
  • the camera (11) takes three or more digital images of the moving test objects (20) in series during transport on the conveyor (30), so that a first digital image of the test object (20) in a first position and a second digital image recording of the test object (20) in a second position and a third digital image recording of the test object (20) in a third position, with the first, second and third position of the test object (20) each resulting from the movement of the Conveyor (30) differs by means of a respective corresponding offset.
  • controller (15) has a burst mode for controlling the lighting units (12), through which the dark field lighting units (13), the bright field lighting units (14) and/or the reflected coaxial lighting (16 ) for many successive illuminations in series are time-synchronized applied to the image recording with illumination pulses.
  • the dark field lighting units (13) are made up of individual modules which can be stacked one on top of the other in the vertical direction in such a way that a cylindrical, oval or polygonal shape results, with the viewing direction of the camera (11) being essentially in the centre the cylindrical, oval or polygonal shape of the individual modules of the dark field illumination units (13) is arranged so that any number of modules can be used.
  • the bright field lighting units (14) are arranged to extend in the horizontal direction, with the viewing direction of the camera (11) being provided in the vertical direction through an opening in the bright field lighting units (14).
  • a diffuser (50) is provided between the test objects (20) to be monitored and the dark-field illumination units (13) and the bright-field illumination units (14), through which the light emissions of the dark-field illumination units (13) and the bright field illumination units (14) are diffused.
  • the individual modules of the dark-field illumination units (13) have a ring-shaped, oval or polygonal or polygonal structure, with each ring-shaped, oval or polygonal or polygonal module having at least one circular or completely or partially circumferential row of light-emitting diodes (42 ) is provided.
  • the individual modules of the dark field lighting units (13) or the bright field lighting units (14) have several UV diodes (44) in order to be able to detect fluorescent color pigments in addition to the white light illumination. It is also advantageous if the individual modules of the dark field lighting units (13) or the bright field lighting units (14) have a number of NIR diodes (near infrared diodes) in order to optically penetrate color pigments (e.g. colored printing on the objects) ( transmit).
  • NIR diodes near infrared diodes
  • the brightfield lighting units (14) are arranged in a concentric form around the opening of the brightfield lighting units (14), each individual brightfield lighting unit (14) being constructed from a large number of LED diodes (41).
  • the camera (11) reduces the field of view in the form of an area of interest depending on the position of the test object (20), with the image recording frequency being increased according to the reduced field of view in order to be able to capture images more quickly. This ensures that the offset of the objects between the recordings is reduced as much as possible or at least kept small.
  • the invention discloses a method for automated optical checking of a large number of three-dimensional test objects (20), in particular metallic lids and containers, in the ongoing production process, which comprises:
  • the camera ( 11) takes at least two digital images of the moving test objects (20) in series during transport on the conveyor (30), so that a first digital image of the test object (20) in a first position and a second digital image of the test object (20 ) is detected in a second position, with the first and second position of the test object (20) results from the movement of the conveyor (30) by means of a corresponding offset, and wherein the plurality of lighting units (12) consists of at least one or more dark field lighting units (13) and one or more bright field lighting units ( 14) are constructed, which are each controlled synchronously with the camera (11) by the controller (15) in such a way that the first image recording is a first contrasting by a first specific control of the dark field lighting units (13) and bright field lighting units (14 ) generated, and that the second image recording generate
  • FIG. 1b shows a test object which is checked optically by the schematic structure of the device according to the invention from FIG. 1a;
  • FIG. 2a shows the embodiment of the device according to the invention from FIG. 1a with a different activation of the illumination
  • FIG. 2b shows the test object which is checked optically by the schematic structure of the device according to the invention from FIG. 2a;
  • FIG. 3a shows a further embodiment of a schematic structure of a device according to the invention with an enlarged detail
  • FIG. 3b shows the enlarged section of the structure of the device according to the invention from FIG. 3a with an exemplary arrangement of LED diodes
  • FIG. 3c shows the test object which is checked optically by the schematic structure of the device according to the invention from FIG. 3a;
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a schematic structure of a device according to the invention.
  • 5a shows another test object in the form of a beverage can lid
  • FIG. 5b shows the test object in the form of a beverage can lid from FIG. 5a with a different illumination
  • 6 shows the displacement of a can lid with three recordings in series by means of the device according to the invention
  • 7 shows the flexible positioning of a reduced field of view of the camera of the device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 a shows the device 10 according to the invention as a complete test station with at least one test object 20 on a conveyor belt 30, a camera 11, lighting units 12 and a controller 15 for controlling the camera 11 and the lighting units 12, which have a large number of dark-field lighting units 13 and has a plurality of bright-field illumination units 14, with the three lowest dark-field illumination units 13 being active.
  • the contrasting of the test object surfaces to be tested requires different lighting methods. In principle, the following methods can be used:
  • Dome lighting / cloudy day ie all types of dark field, bright field and coaxial lighting activated Since the objects to be checked, which are mostly metallic, in particular can lids, usually have no transparency in the visible spectral range, there is no need for background lighting.
  • test objects 20 can have three different categories of defects, which can be determined by the device according to the invention.
  • the structural errors (1st error category) can be divided into high-frequency and low-frequency errors.
  • a high-frequency defect is, for example, a scratch or a crack that causes a very strong change in the direction of reflection.
  • a planar surface would, when viewed almost perpendicularly, in particular only "almost", since no parallel beam path is possible with endocentric optics, and with dark field illumination in the reflection of the surface, no illumination would strike and the surface would therefore appear dark.
  • a high frequency bug creates a strong deflection and hits the lighting.
  • Second defect category such as dirt
  • imprints or applied sealants e.g. compound
  • the absorption or reflection strength can differ in the spectral range, for example a green compound (sealant on a lid) will absorb blue and red light more strongly and reflect green light.
  • Geometric tests require contrasting of the edges and structures in order to then enable a metric check of the dimensions with "optical measuring tools", e.g. algorithms for edge detection, with calibration or conversion of the pixel position into a metric value is required.
  • "optical measuring tools” e.g. algorithms for edge detection
  • a repetition frequency of, for example, 1,000 Hz is made possible by means of a new type of camera technology, as will be explained below, and this corresponds to a time interval of only 1 ms. This reduces the displacement of the object at a conveying speed of 6 m/s, for example, to only 6 mm according to the invention, whereas the displacement of the test object is 60 mm according to the prior art.
  • a first recording of the object shortly before the perfect position at -6mm and a second recording at the perfect position at 0mm and a third recording shortly after the perfect position at +6mm on the conveyor belt of the device according to the invention are possible.
  • low-frequency errors of structural errors (category 1 above) require exact positioning and the recording is realized in the perfect position.
  • the two other recordings before and after the perfect position can also be realized with a slight offset to the perfect position.
  • the respective image recordings of the camera 11 and synchronously for the best possible contrasting the respectively required lighting angles or lighting devices 12 are controlled with the controller 15 .
  • multiple recordings, preferably 2 or preferably 3 recordings, of the object to be checked can be realized at very short time intervals, preferably at an interval of 1 ms or shorter.
  • the image recording is carried out in a period of a few microseconds. Exposure times of 20 to 30 psec are preferred. specified by the controller 15 in order to reduce the motion blur in the image recordings of the camera 11 to a maximum of 1 pixel.
  • the signals are transmitted within the camera 11 from the CMOS chip to the FPGA via an LVDS interface (Low Voltage Differential System).
  • LVDS interface Low Voltage Differential System
  • 16 or more LVDS connections are preferably used.
  • the CMOS camera chip LUX1310 from Luxima Technology is read out via 16 LVDS interfaces and enables a refresh rate of 1,070 frames per second.
  • the more LVDS or Mipi lanes are connected to the sensor through the camera electronics, the faster reading into the internal memory takes place, since the lanes read the data from the sensor in parallel.
  • the maximum internal camera speed results from the interaction of sensor speed and the transfer rate of writing to the internal memory. The camera then performs operations on the image in memory and puts the data out on the interface.
  • Each module downstream of the sensor can only reduce the speed of the camera. If, for example, the interface transmits slower than the sensor, the camera will only deliver the maximum data rate of the interface, but not the maximum data rate of the sensor. This means that in the long term an industrial camera can only be triggered with the maximum data rate of the interface.
  • a camera with enough built-in internal memory can, if properly designed, cache images in internal memory (at the maximum internal speed of the camera 11).
  • the sensor can therefore be triggered with a higher frequency than the specified frame rate of the camera allows, as long as the internal speed is higher than that of the interface.
  • the images that follow one another in rapid succession are stored internally and then (delayed) delivered via the slower interface, which can be referred to as the burst mode of the camera 11 .
  • the limiting elements here are the size of the available memory and the internal speed of the camera 11 - as soon as the memory is full, images are discarded (depending on the implementation) or the triggering of the sensor is prevented for the time without sufficient memory space.
  • the lighting areas are also only recorded for 1 to 100 psec via the controller 15 synchronously with the image recording. controlled and the electrical power delivered to the diodes is increased. This means that the diodes are overdriven by a factor of 10 to 100 for a short period of time in order to generate sufficient light energy. Due to the relatively long period of e.g. 1 ms until the next image recording and activation of the LEDs, there is a pulse/pause ratio of approx. 1:49 (the LEDs are e.g. 20psec. active, 980psec. inactive) and thus sufficient time for the diodes 41, 42, 44 of the device according to the invention in order to release the thermal energy again.
  • the method and the device can realize a large number of recordings in series (eg 30 recordings) and to combine the images to form an overall image.
  • the surface of the object can thus be checked from an angular range of 0 to ⁇ 90° with a resolution of 3°, for example.
  • the exposure time of the camera 11 and of the lighting units 12, which are activated synchronously with the image recording, can be controlled exactly, in a time range of nanoseconds. This makes it possible to take pictures of the object with a different exposure and lighting time. If, for example, only one direction of illumination from one direction is activated for the first recording (eg a dark field ring 13), the exposure and illumination time can be reduced to 50psec. increase.
  • the exposure and lighting time can be reduced to, for example, 5psec. be reduced.
  • Each recording can thus be provided with its own exposure and lighting time in order to enable optimal contrasting.
  • the settings are determined in a parameterization in the setup mode and stored in the controller 15.
  • the serial recording with the previously set parameters is carried out at the right time by means of an object recognition (eg by a light barrier) and a path tracking (eg rotary encoder) via the controller 15 .
  • the images taken by the camera 11 for each test object 20 are then evaluated by an evaluation computer and the tested object 20 is classified as good, bad or warning. Faulty parts are automatically ejected via path tracking.
  • the ejection of a test object 20 or can lid on the conveyor belt 30 - in particular by blowing out - is verified using a further check (eg a light barrier).
  • the continuous transport of the test objects 20 on the conveyor belt 30 and the resulting temporal offset of the recordings result in a different position of the test object 20.
  • the position of the test objects 20 in each recording is localized by suitable algorithms (tracking) .
  • the dark-field illumination units 13 are horizontally arranged illuminations with a horizontally aligned illumination direction, the dark-field illumination can be made up of a large number of dark-field rings that can be stacked one on top of the other. In this case, a different number of dark-field illumination units 13 can be activated.
  • FIG. 1b shows the image recording by the camera 11, resulting in the object contrasting with the active illumination areas of FIG. 1a.
  • Special defects on the object contours of the test object 20 in the form of a can lid are well contrasted, such as a dent at 8 o'clock in the gray ring in the form of a bright spot that represents a dent in the outside area.
  • other types of defects are not visible or contrasted at the same time, i.e. in the identical image recording, such as defects in the central area of the can end 20, which can be seen in Fig. 2b.
  • Figure 2a shows the complete test station 10 with the test object 20 on the conveyor belt 30, the camera 11, lighting units 12 and the controller 15 for controlling the camera 11 and the lighting units 12, with three ring-shaped bright field lighting units 14 and a coaxial mirrored lighting 16 are active.
  • FIG. 2b shows the contrasting of the test object 20 by means of the image recording by the camera 11, the object contrasting with the active illumination areas of FIG. 2a resulting from the active bright field illuminations 14 and 16.
  • Low-frequency types of defects in particular are well contrasted, as can be seen from the two black dots at 10 o'clock and 5 o'clock in the light area of the can lid 20, with the black dot at 5 o'clock representing a dent in the bottom of the can and the black dot at 10 o'clock representing soiling .
  • Figure 3a shows the test station 10 according to the invention from Fig. 1a and 2a with the test object 20 on the conveyor belt 30, the camera 11, lighting units 12 and the controller 15 for controlling the camera 11 and the lighting units 12, with all lighting units 12 active and thus corresponds to dome lighting / cloudy day lighting.
  • all illuminations are active. These are the vertical dark-field lighting units 13 and the horizontally arranged bright-field lighting units 14 and the coaxial lighting 16 reflected into the beam path of the field of view of the camera.
  • the schematic enlarged section from FIG. 3a shows an advantageous arrangement of the lighting diodes 41, 42, in particular white light LEDs 41, 42, to the diffuser 50, which can be constructed from a horizontally arranged diffuser disk for bright field illumination and a cylindrical diffuser for dark field illumination .
  • some lighting diodes can also be embodied as UV LEDs 44 and/or NIR LEDs. Without a structural extension of the device, it is thus also possible to realize further recordings with different types of illumination. This is, for example, a recording with an arrangement of additional UV diodes 44 with a wavelength preferably in a range of 300-400 nm. This makes it possible to detect contamination of the objects, for example by oil from a production machine (machine oil).
  • NIR diodes it is also possible to optically penetrate colored printing or inscriptions and thus eliminate them in the image recording, since the metallic surface of a can lid, for example, also reflects NIR light.
  • FIG. 3b shows the structure of separating webs 43 of the activatable illumination areas, which are each arranged between the individual activatable illumination units of the vertical dark-field illumination units 13 and the horizontally arranged bright-field illumination units 14.
  • the diodes 41 , 42 arranged at certain points In order to achieve a uniform emission of the diodes 41 , 42 arranged at certain points, it is advantageous not to point the diodes 41 , 42 directly at the test object 20 to be illuminated, but rather to scatter the light via the diffuser 50 . With a highly reflective surface of the object 20, the diodes 41, 42 arranged at certain points would be reflected without a diffuser. The distance between the diodes 41, 42 and the diffuser 50 depends on the radiation angle of the diodes 41, 42 and on the diffuser factor of the disk or the cylinder of the diffuser 50. If adjacent lighting areas are activated in a recording, it is advantageous to have no edge or separation of the lighting to create. For this purpose, according to the invention, conical separating webs 43 are used in order to seamlessly illuminate the diffuser from both sides of a test chamber 60 . This avoids a visible separating edge.
  • FIG. 3c shows the object contrasting with the active illumination areas of the representation from FIG. 3a.
  • Surface defects in particular are well contrasted, such as the roughly linearly arranged punctiform dirt in the direction of 10 o'clock. There is also a scratch towards 2 o'clock from center to Visible from the outside through the dome lighting / CloudyDay.
  • low-frequency defects such as bulges or dents are poorly detected, such as the dent at 5 o'clock, which is clearly visible in FIG. 2b.
  • FIG. 4 shows the flexible control of a wide variety of lighting areas. Depending on the shape of the object surface to be checked, areas of the vertical dark field lighting units 13 and the horizontally arranged bright field lighting units 14 can be activated or deactivated for a recording by the camera 11 .
  • FIG. 5a and 5b shows a beverage can lid 21 with oil contamination.
  • the coaxial illumination 16 and the bright field illumination 14 of the device 10 according to the invention have been activated.
  • the drop of oil 23 on the lug in the direction of 2 o'clock can hardly be seen in FIG. 5a.
  • UV illumination and dark field illumination 13 were activated in FIG. 5b.
  • the contours are emphasized very strongly and the geometric features such as the correct diameter and the correct shape of the link can be checked.
  • the fluorescent pigments in the oil drops 22, 23 can be excited with the UV illumination and these stand out very well as bright points and can thus be automatically recognized by an image capture.
  • Figure 6 shows the displacement of a can lid 21 with three recordings in series of 6mm each by the conveyor belt 30.
  • a typical transport speed of e.g. 6m/sec. and a time interval between the recordings of preferably 1 msec or shorter there is a position difference of 6 mm per recording by the camera 11 of the device 10 according to the invention the position offset of round objects, such as a can lid, can be compensated using the landscape format.
  • the image recording frequency can be increased by a section from the overall image (partial scan). Faster frame rate reduces object shift between frames.
  • the overall view of the camera 11 has to cover the test object 21 from the first to the last picture, the first and the last picture determine the size of the entire field of view of the camera 11 . Optimization can be achieved if the AOI is tailored to the respective recording and "moves" with the object movement.
  • Optical "indexing" or positioning of the test areas is preferably compensated for by automatic position detection.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of the timing of a sequence with 4 image recordings (triggers 1 to 4).
  • the first shot only LED lights 1 and 2 are controlled, in the second shot only LED lights 10 and 11, and in the third shot LED lights 1, 2, 10, and 11.
  • the fourth shot is the UV lighting and only this is active on the fourth shot.
  • the camera 11 is controlled synchronously. The duration of illumination and exposure is specified by the pulse length.
  • broadband white light diodes which emit light as uniformly as possible in the VIS spectral range
  • additional printing checks can be carried out to ensure that the color is correct and a type purity check can be carried out.
  • the devices and methods described in detail above are exemplary embodiments, they can be modified to a large extent in the usual manner by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the mechanical arrangements and the size ratios of the individual elements to one another are merely exemplary.
  • a device for the automated optical inspection of a large number of three-dimensional test objects 20 during the ongoing production process, which can be moved via a conveyor device 30, the device comprising:
  • controller 15 for controlling the camera 11 and the lighting units 12,
  • the camera 11 captures at least two digital images of the moving test objects 20 in series during transport on the conveyor device 30, so that a first digital image of the test object 20 is in a first position and a second digital image of the test object 20 is in a second position Position results, with the first and second position of the test object 20 differing by the movement of the conveyor 30 by means of a corresponding offset,
  • the plurality of lighting units 12 are made up of at least one or more dark-field lighting units 13 and one or more bright-field lighting units 14, which are each controlled synchronously with the camera 11 by the controller 15 in such a way that the first image recording has a first contrasting generated by a first specific activation of the dark field illumination units 13 and bright field illumination units 14, and that the second image recording generates a second contrasting by a second specific activation of the dark field illumination units 13 and bright field illumination units 14, the first and second specific activation the dark field illumination units 13 and bright field Lighting units 14 differ from each other with the formation of the first and second contrasting.

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
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  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de contrôle optique automatisé d'une pluralité d'objets tridimensionnels à contrôler (20), qui peuvent être déplacés par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de transport (30), le dispositif comprenant : une caméra (11) qui enregistre au moins deux images numériques d'un objet à contrôler défilant (20), en série, pendant le transport sur le dispositif de transport (30), de sorte que la première et la seconde position de prise de vue de l'objet à contrôler (20) diffèrent en raison du mouvement du dispositif de transport (30) par l'intermédiaire d'un décalage correspondant; et des unités d'éclairage (12) qui sont constituées au moins d'une unité d'éclairage à fond sombre (13) et d'une unité d'éclairage à fond clair (14) qui sont respectivement commandées de manière synchrone avec la caméra (11) par une unité de commande (15) de façon que la première prise de vue produise un premier contraste par une première activation spécifique de l'unité d'éclairage à fond sombre (13) et de l'unité d'éclairage à fond clair (14), et que la deuxième prise de vue produise un deuxième contraste par une deuxième activation spécifique de l'unité d'éclairage à fond sombre (13) et de l'unité d'éclairage à fond clair (14), les première et seconde activations spécifiques de l'unité d'éclairage à fond sombre (13) et de l'unité d'éclairage à fond clair (14) étant différentes l'une de l'autre lors de la formation du premier et du second contraste.
EP22792784.5A 2021-09-17 2022-09-16 Dispositif et procédé de surveillance automatique de couvercles de boissons et de boîtes alimentaires Pending EP4402460A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021210370.7A DE102021210370A1 (de) 2021-09-17 2021-09-17 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum automatischen Überwachen von Getränke- und Lebensmitteldosen-Deckeln
PCT/EP2022/075751 WO2023041696A1 (fr) 2021-09-17 2022-09-16 Dispositif et procédé de surveillance automatique de couvercles de boissons et de boîtes alimentaires

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EP4402460A1 true EP4402460A1 (fr) 2024-07-24

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US (1) US20240369496A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4402460A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20240116451A (fr)
CN (1) CN118265905A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021210370A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023041696A1 (fr)

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WO2023041696A1 (fr) 2023-03-23
DE102021210370A1 (de) 2023-03-23
KR20240116451A (ko) 2024-07-29
CN118265905A (zh) 2024-06-28

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