[go: up one dir, main page]

EP4459015A1 - Fibre de cellulose man-made - Google Patents

Fibre de cellulose man-made Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4459015A1
EP4459015A1 EP23171756.2A EP23171756A EP4459015A1 EP 4459015 A1 EP4459015 A1 EP 4459015A1 EP 23171756 A EP23171756 A EP 23171756A EP 4459015 A1 EP4459015 A1 EP 4459015A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
cellulose
fibers
akd
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP23171756.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maik THIEL
Ingo Bernt
Dominik Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kelheim Fibres GmbH
Original Assignee
Kelheim Fibres GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kelheim Fibres GmbH filed Critical Kelheim Fibres GmbH
Priority to EP23171756.2A priority Critical patent/EP4459015A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2024/061840 priority patent/WO2024231167A1/fr
Publication of EP4459015A1 publication Critical patent/EP4459015A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
    • D01F2/10—Addition to the spinning solution or spinning bath of substances which exert their effect equally well in either

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a man-made cellulose fiber, in particular a regenerated cellulose fiber obtained by the viscose process.
  • the fiber according to the invention is particularly suitable as a filling fiber.
  • the traditional filling material for jackets, blankets, cushions, sleeping bags and other products where thermal insulation and filling power are desired is down, especially goose down.
  • the disadvantages of this natural material are, on the one hand, its limited availability, its high price and the declining acceptance by many customers for reasons of animal welfare.
  • the natural hydrophobicity of the down is lost in the living animal during processing, so that down products have a high tendency to absorb moisture, and when wet, the good thermal insulation properties are largely lost.
  • Polyester fibers offer a well-known, cheaper alternative to down.
  • these fully synthetic fibers have significant disadvantages in terms of thermal insulation and breathability. They are also not biodegradable.
  • polyester fibers are mixed with down or with natural fibers.
  • DE4445085C2 describes the addition of ramie fibers to polyester fibers.
  • these natural fibers have the disadvantage of low elasticity and the associated susceptibility to breakage.
  • Another disadvantage of pure natural fibers is their susceptibility to rot.
  • man-made cellulose fibers as filling fibers is also discussed in the prior art.
  • the expert understands "man-made cellulose fibers" to mean cellulose fibers that are obtained by dissolving cellulose or cellulose derivatives and spinning the solution.
  • Man-made cellulose fibers can easily be distinguished from natural cellulose fibers by various properties, such as crystal structure, uniformity, etc.
  • Cellulosic staple fibers of the Lyocell genus are commercially available as filling material for quilts (in the form of fleeces) and for pillows (in the form of balls).
  • EP 1 067 227 describes a mixture of polyester fibers with viscose fibers as filling fiber.
  • the production of regenerated cellulose fibers produced using the viscose process is well known to those skilled in the art. Depending on the specific process parameters, these fibers are referred to as "standard viscose fibers,””modalfibers,” or “polynosic fibers.”
  • viscose fibres is used to refer to all regenerated cellulose fibres obtained by the viscose process.
  • Cellulose fibers in general are hydrophilic and swellable. This is due to the chemical structure of cellulose, which contains a large number of hydroxyl groups that are suitable for binding water. Therefore, many applications of cellulose fibers are in areas where water absorption is either not harmful or even desirable, for example in absorbent hygiene articles or medical products.
  • multi-limb viscose fibres were, for example, US Patent 5,634,914 and 5,458,835 and in the EP-A1 0 301 874
  • the process disclosed therein describes the spinning of a commonly used viscose, which may contain a certain amount of a modifier known in the prior art, through extrusion holes of multi-limb shape, in particular trilobal shape, into a conventional spinning bath.
  • the essential feature of this process is that the shape of the multi-limb extrusion holes in the spinneret is similar to the desired shape of the cross section of the filaments.
  • the geometry of the spinneret hole determines the shape of the fiber cross section, and by appropriate design of the extrusion holes a certain length-width ratio of the fiber cross section can be obtained.
  • multi-leg fibers have an increased adsorption capacity compared to round viscose fibers.
  • WO 2013/010759 A1 disclosed fiber profiles composed of several trilobal fibers, which increase the space requirement of the fibers to a particularly high degree.
  • a surface coating creates a water-repellent surface, but once it is destroyed the fiber absorbs water unhindered and irreversibly.
  • the WO 2014/090665A1 describes a regenerative cellulose fiber which has a hydrophobic substance selected from the group consisting of alkyl ketene dimers, alkenyl ketene dimers, alkyl succinic anhydrides, alkenyl succinic anhydrides, alkyl glutaric anhydrides, alkenyl glutaric anhydrides, alkyl isocyanates, alkenyl isocyanates, fatty acid anhydrides and mixtures thereof incorporated into the cellulose matrix.
  • a hydrophobic substance selected from the group consisting of alkyl ketene dimers, alkenyl ketene dimers, alkyl succinic anhydrides, alkenyl succinic anhydrides, alkyl glutaric anhydrides, alkenyl glutaric anhydrides, alkyl isocyanates, alkenyl isocyanates, fatty acid anhydrides and mixtures thereof incorporated into the cellulose matrix.
  • nonwoven structures made of cellulosic fibers tend to collapse when in contact with moisture, thus losing their volume and filling power.
  • stiffness and filling power also means that, even for absorbent products, fibres with too small titres are often unsuitable, even though they have larger surfaces (relative to the same mass). This is because thin cellulose fibres are particularly prone to collapsing when wet.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cellulose fiber which is particularly suitable as a filling fiber.
  • the fiber according to the invention is a man-made cellulose fiber with a multi-limbed cross-section, which has a hydrophobic substance selected from the group consisting of alkyl ketene dimers, alkenyl ketene dimers, alkyl succinic anhydrides, alkenyl succinic anhydrides, alkyl glutaric anhydrides, alkenyl glutaric anhydrides, alkyl isocyanates, alkenyl isocyanates, fatty acid anhydrides and their reaction products with water and/or cellulose and mixtures thereof incorporated in the cellulose matrix.
  • a hydrophobic substance selected from the group consisting of alkyl ketene dimers, alkenyl ketene dimers, alkyl succinic anhydrides, alkenyl succinic anhydrides, alkyl glutaric anhydrides, alkenyl glutaric anhydrides, alkyl isocyanates, alkenyl isocyanates, fatty acid anhydrides and their reaction
  • incorporation the person skilled in the art understands that the hydrophobic substance is not essentially only present on the surface of the fiber, but is distributed over the entire fiber cross-section.
  • hydrophobic substances used here means that they partly react (hydrolyze) with the water used in the spinning process, e.g. as a coagulant, and on the other hand they can also react with the cellulose itself.
  • beta-ketocarboxylic acid esters can be formed when AKD reacts with cellulose. AKD can also hydrolyze to form beta-keto acids.
  • the finished fiber contains a mixture of unreacted hydrophobic substance, hydrolyzed hydrophobic substance and hydrophobic substance reacted with cellulose.
  • reaction products with water and/or cellulose are summarized with the term "reaction products with water and/or cellulose”.
  • the fiber according to the invention is preferably a regenerated cellulose fiber obtained by the viscose process.
  • the invention is also applicable to other types of man-made cellulose fibers.
  • the fiber according to the invention is a cellulose fiber, in particular viscose fiber with a particularly high space requirement and therefore high filling power. This is achieved by a multi-limbed fiber cross-section, which causes a high area moment of inertia.
  • the cross-sectional modification here does not serve to increase the absorbency.
  • the fiber should not collapse even in humid conditions and should retain its thermal insulating properties.
  • the fiber contains a hydrophobic substance incorporated in addition to its multi-limbed cross-section.
  • hydrophobization on the one hand and multi-limb cross-sectional modification on the other hand initially represent diametrically opposed, mutually counteracting measures. This is because the multi-limb cross-sectional modification results in an increased absorbency of the fiber.
  • hydrophobicized cellulose fibers with multi-limb fiber cross-sections according to the invention are particularly suitable as filling fibers with the associated special requirements.
  • the multi-limbed fiber cross-section is preferably regular, i.e. essentially the same over the entire length of the fiber. This is achieved by spinning the spinning solution through a spinneret with spinning openings that have the desired cross-sectional shape.
  • the fiber cross-section is trilobal or double trilobal.
  • a double trilobal fiber cross-section consists of two Y-shaped profiles which are connected to one another by one of the legs.
  • the cross-section can also be composed of more than two trilobal shapes.
  • the content of hydrophobic substance in the fiber is 0.05 wt.% to 3 wt.%, preferably 0.1 wt.% to 1 wt.%, based on cellulose.
  • the hydrophobic substance preferably contains or is preferably an alkyl ketene dimer (AKD), a hydrolysis product of AKD or AKD reacted with cellulose.
  • ALD alkyl ketene dimer
  • the fibers are characterized in that they have a titre of 2.5 dtex to 30 dtex, in particular 3 dtex to 12 dtex, particularly preferably 3 dtex to 7 dtex.
  • the area moment of inertia is important for the bending stiffness of the fiber and is also a measure of the spatial requirements of the fiber itself. It is defined by the integral of the cross-sectional partial areas multiplied by the square of their distance from the center of gravity. The higher the area moment of inertia, the more area is located and the further away from the center of gravity of the cross-section.
  • the spatial requirements of the cross-sectional shape also have a direct effect on the space required for a fiber accumulation, apart from the effect of the bending stiffness. Even in cases where flexibility plays no role, for example when largely uniformly oriented fiber bundles are formed, the cross-sectional modification, in particular the trilobal or multi-trilobal cross-sectional shape, leads to an increased number of cavities.
  • the specific shape of the legs of the multi-leg cross-section also contributes to the area moment of inertia of the fiber according to the invention.
  • some of the legs of the multi-leg fiber cross-section preferably all legs, have a length to width ratio of 2:1 to 10:1.
  • the legs should therefore be clearly defined (lower limit 2:1).
  • the stability of the legs against bending decreases at higher length to width ratios.
  • the cellulose fibers according to the invention are ideally suited for use as fillers, for example as a down substitute for winter clothing, in sleeping bags or pillows, or as insulation in construction. They also offer the advantage of being biodegradable.
  • the cellulose fibers according to the invention have a filling fiber suitability value of at least 75%.
  • the fill fiber suitability value defined here combines the results from the fill power measurement with the hydrophobic properties of the fibers to produce a meaningful value. It is determined as follows:
  • a defined amount of fibers (which remains the same for all measurements compared) is weighed and slightly compacted.
  • the fibers are placed in a container filled with water. The water is at room temperature.
  • the aim is to achieve at least a grade of 3. This ensures sufficient hydrophobicity for many applications.
  • Grade three in the hydrophobicity test described above represents a suitable result. Therefore, all other grades are standardized to this value (100%). In this way, upgrading or downgrading factors are obtained (grade 1 corresponds to a factor of 1.5; grade 2 to a factor of 1.25; grade 3 corresponds to 1; grade 4 corresponds to 0.75, etc.)
  • the test is carried out in accordance with DIN EN 12130:2018.
  • Fiber samples are carded in preparation and thus parallelized. Fiber samples weighing 28 g are then weighed and placed in a square glass container measuring 39.2 cm x 24.2 cm.
  • the height of the fibers in the glass vessel is measured at the beginning.
  • the fibers in the vessel are then loaded with a weight of 100 g.
  • the height of the fibers in the vessel is measured again.
  • the vessel with the weighted fibers is then left at room temperature for 24 hours.
  • the height of the fibers is measured again after these 24 hours.
  • the weight is then removed and the height is measured again immediately. Finally, the fibers are given another 10 minutes to relax and then the height of the fibers in the vessel is measured.
  • the ratio of the volume of the fibers at the beginning and end of the test gives the recovery behavior of the fibers in %.
  • the filling fibre suitability value is now determined by multiplying the upgrading/downgrading factor obtained from the hydrophobicity test (A) with the result of the filling power test (B) (in %): The highest theoretically to reaching filling fiber suitability value is with it 100 % filling power restoring force * 1.5 note 1 hydrophobicity test 150 % .
  • the cellulose according to the invention is also suitable for applications in the field of medicine which require absorbency to a specific extent.
  • Fibers that are inherently hydrophobic but nevertheless have a certain absorbency for aqueous liquids due to their high internal surface area and free volume have advantages in applications where efficient drying of the fibers (e.g. for reuse) is desired.
  • the present invention also relates to a use of the fiber according to the invention in hygiene products, for example in the so-called “acquisition distribution layers" of hygiene products.
  • a process is suitable for producing the cellulose fibers according to the invention, comprising the step of adding the hydrophobic substance to a spinning solution (e.g. spinning viscose) or a precursor thereof and spinning the spinning solution (e.g. spinning viscose) through a spinneret whose openings have a cross-section corresponding to the desired multi-limbed fiber cross-section.
  • a spinning solution e.g. spinning viscose
  • a precursor thereof e.g. spinning viscose
  • spinning the spinning solution e.g. spinning viscose
  • the desired content of AKD in the fiber is obtained by adding, for example, 3% to 15% based on viscose.
  • AKD was mixed into a standard viscose.
  • the following table shows the respective production parameters and the properties of the fibers obtained.
  • FIGURE 1 is a photomicrograph of the fibers with trilobal cross-section according to Example A.
  • FIGURE 2 is a photomicrograph of the fibers with a double trilobal fiber cross-section according to Example B.
  • a viscose fibre with a titre of 1.3 dtex was spun from a standard viscose (without incorporation of AKD) through a nozzle with round openings in the conventional manner. The fibres were cut to a length of 40 mm.
  • a fiber with a trilobal cross-section, but without incorporation of AKD, with a titre of 3.3 dtex was produced.
  • the fibers were cut to 40 mm length.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
EP23171756.2A 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 Fibre de cellulose man-made Withdrawn EP4459015A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23171756.2A EP4459015A1 (fr) 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 Fibre de cellulose man-made
PCT/EP2024/061840 WO2024231167A1 (fr) 2023-05-05 2024-04-30 Fibre de cellulose synthétique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23171756.2A EP4459015A1 (fr) 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 Fibre de cellulose man-made

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4459015A1 true EP4459015A1 (fr) 2024-11-06

Family

ID=86330223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23171756.2A Withdrawn EP4459015A1 (fr) 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 Fibre de cellulose man-made

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4459015A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024231167A1 (fr)

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US129679A (en) 1872-07-23 Improvement in glass-molds
US563491A (en) * 1896-07-07 Electric tunneling-machine
US4362159A (en) 1980-10-15 1982-12-07 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Tampon
EP0301874A1 (fr) 1987-07-30 1989-02-01 Courtaulds Plc Fibre cellulosique
DE4445085C2 (de) 1994-12-16 1999-04-29 Paradies Gmbh Gebr Kremers Mischfaservlies
EP0941209A1 (fr) 1997-09-26 1999-09-15 Fibretech Limited Matiere de rembourrage contenant de la fibre de polyester
EP1067227A1 (fr) 1999-07-07 2001-01-10 Paradies GmbH Tissu non-tissé réalisé à partir d'un mélange de fibres
EP1646738A1 (fr) 2003-07-21 2006-04-19 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Utilisation d'une fibre discontinue cellulosique du type lyocell en tant que fibre de rembourrage
EP1606439B1 (fr) * 2003-03-27 2012-10-17 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Fibre de viscose standard regeneree solide
WO2013010759A1 (fr) 2011-07-15 2013-01-24 Kelheim Fibres Gmbh Fibre cellulosique régénérée
CN101076620B (zh) * 2004-12-10 2013-05-01 连津格股份公司 纤维素短纤维及其作为填充材料的用途
WO2014090665A1 (fr) 2012-12-13 2014-06-19 Kelheim Fibres Gmbh Fibre cellulosique régénérée

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US129679A (en) 1872-07-23 Improvement in glass-molds
US563491A (en) * 1896-07-07 Electric tunneling-machine
US4362159A (en) 1980-10-15 1982-12-07 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Tampon
EP0301874A1 (fr) 1987-07-30 1989-02-01 Courtaulds Plc Fibre cellulosique
US5458835A (en) 1987-07-30 1995-10-17 Courtaulds Plc Process of making viscose staple fibers
US5634914A (en) 1987-07-30 1997-06-03 Courtaulds Plc Cellulosic fibre
DE4445085C2 (de) 1994-12-16 1999-04-29 Paradies Gmbh Gebr Kremers Mischfaservlies
EP0941209A1 (fr) 1997-09-26 1999-09-15 Fibretech Limited Matiere de rembourrage contenant de la fibre de polyester
EP1067227A1 (fr) 1999-07-07 2001-01-10 Paradies GmbH Tissu non-tissé réalisé à partir d'un mélange de fibres
EP1606439B1 (fr) * 2003-03-27 2012-10-17 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Fibre de viscose standard regeneree solide
EP1646738A1 (fr) 2003-07-21 2006-04-19 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Utilisation d'une fibre discontinue cellulosique du type lyocell en tant que fibre de rembourrage
CN101076620B (zh) * 2004-12-10 2013-05-01 连津格股份公司 纤维素短纤维及其作为填充材料的用途
WO2013010759A1 (fr) 2011-07-15 2013-01-24 Kelheim Fibres Gmbh Fibre cellulosique régénérée
WO2014090665A1 (fr) 2012-12-13 2014-06-19 Kelheim Fibres Gmbh Fibre cellulosique régénérée

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
C. GANSER, CELLULOSE, vol. 22, 2015, pages 2777 - 2786

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2024231167A1 (fr) 2024-11-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AT501931B1 (de) Cellulosestapelfaser und ihre verwendung
DE3872088T2 (de) Cellulosefaser.
EP3011090B1 (fr) Fibres de polysaccharide à fort pouvoir absorbant et leur utilisation
EP2173931B1 (fr) Fibres de garnissage à comportement à l'ouverture amélioré, leur procédé de fabrication et leur utilisation
EP1606439B1 (fr) Fibre de viscose standard regeneree solide
DE1778026A1 (de) Federkernartiger Polsterkoerper aus synthetischen Polymeren und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
EP2280098A1 (fr) Fibre de cellulose régénérée
EP0574870A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'articles moulés en cellulose
AT518061B1 (de) Modifizierte Viskosefaser
AT503803B1 (de) Lyocell-stapelfaser
EP2732080B1 (fr) Fibre cellulosique régénérée
WO2005007945A1 (fr) Utilisation d'une fibre discontinue cellulosique du type lyocell en tant que fibre de rembourrage
DE69715568T2 (de) Verbandprodukt mit einer Kalziumalginatmatrix und Verfahren zur Herstellung
EP4459015A1 (fr) Fibre de cellulose man-made
DE69208943T2 (de) Tennisball
DD240396A5 (de) Saugfaehiges material auf basis von mineralfasern
EP3762537B1 (fr) Pulpe et articles en lyocell avec un taux en cellulose réduit
EP2546395A1 (fr) Fibre de cellulose régénérée
DE3881230T2 (de) Künstliche Daunen.
DE3879110T2 (de) Polyester-fuellfasern.
EP0996778B1 (fr) Filaments d'acetate de cellulose a section trilobee
EP2546396A1 (fr) Faisceau de fibres
EP1299583B1 (fr) Procede de production de fibres cellulosiques
DE1660623A1 (de) Fasern und Faeden mit Sonderquerschnitt
AT261104B (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zelluloseregeneratfasern

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20250507