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EP4330539B1 - Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne - Google Patents

Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4330539B1
EP4330539B1 EP22730564.6A EP22730564A EP4330539B1 EP 4330539 B1 EP4330539 B1 EP 4330539B1 EP 22730564 A EP22730564 A EP 22730564A EP 4330539 B1 EP4330539 B1 EP 4330539B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
root
wind turbine
bushings
centerline
bolts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22730564.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4330539A1 (fr
Inventor
Cole Campbell Pernitsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy AS
Original Assignee
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy AS
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Filing date
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Application filed by Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy AS filed Critical Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy AS
Publication of EP4330539A1 publication Critical patent/EP4330539A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4330539B1 publication Critical patent/EP4330539B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F03D1/066—Connection means therefor, e.g. bushings or adapters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F05B2260/301—Retaining bolts or nuts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/79—Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • Wind turbine blades are typically attached to the hub via one of two connection methods: T-bolts or root inserts.
  • T-bolts or root inserts By means of these connection methods, large loads from the wind turbine blades to the hub must be transferred. The industry trend towards longer turbine blades increases these loads so that stronger roots are needed.
  • Root assemblies referred to herein are understood as an assembly comprising a root portion of a wind turbine blade connected to a bearing or a hub flange of the hub of the wind turbine.
  • the bearing or hub flange is connected to the root portion of the wind turbine blade by means of multiple T-bolts, that is bolts secured within bushings (see FIG. 2 ), or by means of root inserts introduced into the laminate material of the root portion.
  • a root assembly of a wind turbine blade for a wind turbine comprises a root segment, the root segment having a first centerline located in the center of a thickness of the root segment measured along a radial direction of the root segment and extending along a circumferential direction of the root segment.
  • a root attachment face of the root portion is attached to a bearing or a hub flange of the root assembly by means of multiple bolts or root inserts, the multiple bolts or root inserts being arranged with their centers along a second centerline extending along the circumferential direction of the root segment.
  • the second centerline is offset from the first centerline.
  • the invention is based on the finding that by offsetting the second centerline from the first centerline, whereby the bolts or root inserts are shifted away from the thickness center of the root segment either towards the inside or the outside of the wind turbine blade, the strain profile through the thickness of the wind turbine blade can be equalized. This equalization also comes with a reduction in strain that can be used to increase the root capacity related to the number of bolts or root inserts placed in the root portion.
  • the centerlines represent geometric lines that can be drawn in the root assembly to determine the offset.
  • a radial distance may be measured between both centerlines, indicating the amount or size of the offset.
  • the centerlines must not actually be drawn or be visible in the root assembly but merely be imaginary or drawable by the instruction given herein, meaning that the first centerline is drawn in the center of the thickness of the root segment measured along the radial direction of the root segment and extending along the circumferential direction of the root segment, and the second centerline is drawn through the centers of the bolts or root inserts or cavities, in which they are inserted, along the circumferential direction of the root segment.
  • the root portion may comprise one or more root segments.
  • the root portion typically consists of two root segments.
  • the root portion may consist of multiple root segments joined together at respective root segment interfaces.
  • the root segments may in particular have a round shape, i.e., be rounded and moreover in particular have a partially circular or elliptical shape.
  • the root segments may form an arc or have an arc shape.
  • the root segments may have equal or different arc lengths among them.
  • a cylindrically shaped root portion of the wind turbine blade may be provided.
  • the cross section of the root portion may have a circular or an elliptical shape.
  • the first centerline extends through the multiple bolts or root inserts.
  • the first centerline does not extend through the centers of the bolts or root inserts but offset from their centers and still close enough to the second centerline such that the first centerline extends through the bolts or root inserts.
  • the radial distance between the two centerlines cannot be greater than half of the diameter of the bolts, root inserts or cavities, in which they are inserted.
  • At least half or more than half, at least two-thirds or more than two-thirds or all of the multiple bolts or root inserts of the root assembly are arranged with their centers along the second centerline. Accordingly, there may only be one row of bolts or root inserts on the root attachment face along which the bolts or root inserts are introduced into the root segment. The provision of, for example, two or more rows of bolts or root inserts at the root attachment face would introduce further strain between the bolts and can thereby be avoided.
  • Each of the multiple bolts may be connected to one of multiple bushings fixedly arranged within the root segment such that the multiple bolts are arranged adjacent to each other along a circumference of the root portion, and that the bushings are arranged adjacent to each other along the circumference of the root portion.
  • Adjacent bushings may be offset from one another in a way such that adjacent bushings are provided at an axial distance from one another, the axial distance being measured in an axial direction from the root attachment face towards the bushings (or, in other words, the tip of the blade) and between centers of the adjacent bushings.
  • the combination of bolt and bushing is commonly referred to as a T-bolt.
  • the bolts may have threads on an outer circumference thereof.
  • staggered configuration of t-bolts By means of the axial spacing of adjacent bushings, a so-called staggered configuration of t-bolts may be achieved.
  • the staggered configuration of t-bolts is characterized by adjacent bushings being spaced apart from one another in the axial direction or, in other words, being alternatingly located at different distances from the root attachment surface. Accordingly, adjacent bolts alternatingly have a different length to realize the staggered configuration.
  • the staggered configuration allows an increase of root capacity in the axial direction without increasing the spacing in the circumferential direction of the root segment.
  • the staggered configuration still has some drawbacks.
  • a root segment having a quotient between the axial distance and a bushing diameter of the bushings of 2.3 or less results in a high strain profile that is disadvantageous with respect to the service life of the wind turbine blade.
  • a quotient between the axial distance and a bushing diameter of the bushings should be 2.5 or greater.
  • a lateral spacing in a circumferential direction of the root segments between bolts is typically set by external parameters; however, the axial distance or, in other words, axial spacing between the centers of the bolts or cavities, in which the bolts are fitted, can be adjusted.
  • the strain in the laminate of the root portion can be reduced.
  • the distance between the two staggered rows of bolts may be optimized to a region of optimal strain reduction. Accordingly, a root bolt pattern using alternating near and far bolts may be implemented.
  • a root bolt pattern having inner bolts located in a first staggered row and outer bolts in a second staggered row, with an axial distance between the rows being according to a quotient between the axial distance and bushing diameter of the bushings of at least 2.5 may be implemented.
  • most or all of the bushings have the same diameter.
  • the axial distance between adjacent bushings is the same for most or all pairs of adjacent bushings.
  • the quotient between the axial distance and the bushing diameter of the bushings may be in the range of 2.5 to 5. More preferably, the quotient between the axial distance and the bushing diameter of the bushings may be within the range of 2.7 to 4.8. And even more preferably, the quotient between the axial distance and the bushing diameter of the bushings may be within the range of 3 to 4.5 or 3.5 to 4.5.
  • the multiple bolts may have a first length or a second length, wherein the second length is greater than the first length, and wherein the bolts of the multiple bolts having the first length and the bolts of the multiple bolts having the second length are alternatingly connected to the adjacent offset bushings.
  • the multiple bolts may be secured against the bearing or the hub flange by means of nuts. This is a particularly simple and easy way of securing the bearing or hub flange to the root portion.
  • the object is solved by a wind turbine blade comprising the root assembly according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the object is solved by a wind turbine comprising at least one wind turbine blade according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the wind turbine may be a direct drive wind turbine or a geared wind turbine, for example. Further, the at least one wind turbine blade may be mounted on an outer ring of a pitch bearing of the wind turbine or on an inner ring of the pitch bearing.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-section view on a part of a root assembly 20 of a wind turbine blade according to a second embodiment.
  • the root portion 6 is only shown with one root segment 61.
  • the root portion 6 may comprise two or more root segments 61.
  • the root portion 6 typically consists of two root segments 61.
  • the root portion 6 may consist of multiple root segments 61 joined together at respective root segment interfaces. All root segments 61 of the root portion 6 of the wind turbine blade 5 may be designed as explained below with reference to FIG. 4 and the further figures of the drawings.
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view on a part of a T-bolt according to a design preferentially used for the root assembly 20 of FIG. 4 with the radially offset cavities 62.
  • the T-bolt has a non-symmetric design, meaning that the attachment point of the bolt 10 at the bushing 11 is offset from a center or middle of the bushing 11. This is indicated by the radially offset centerlines C 10 , C 62 showing the respective positioning of the bolt 10 and the bushing 11 in the root segment 61.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Ensemble de base (20) d'une pale d'éolienne (5) pour une éolienne (1), dans lequel :
    une partie de base (6) de l'ensemble de base (20) comprend un segment de base (61), le segment de base (61) comportant une première ligne centrale (C62) qui est localisée au centre d'une épaisseur (t) du segment de base (61) tel que mesuré suivant une direction radiale (Y) du segment de base (61) et qui est étendue suivant une direction circonférentielle (X) du segment de base (61) ;
    une face de liaison de base (64) de la partie de base (6) est liée à un palier (7) ou à une bride de moyeu (7) de l'ensemble de base (20) au moyen de multiples boulons (10) ou de multiples inserts de base (13), les multiples boulons (10) ou les multiples inserts de base (13) étant agencés de telle sorte que leurs centres soient suivant une deuxième ligne centrale (C10) qui est étendue suivant la direction circonférentielle (X) du segment de base (61) ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    la deuxième ligne centrale (C10) est décalée par rapport à la première ligne centrale (C62), dans lequel la deuxième ligne centrale (C10) est décalée par rapport à la première ligne centrale (C62) dans une direction en direction d'un intérieur de la partie de base (6), dans lequel la deuxième ligne centrale (C10) est décalée par rapport à la première ligne centrale (C62) de 0,5 % à 5 % de l'épaisseur (t) du segment de base (61), dans lequel la deuxième ligne centrale (C10) est étendue parallèlement à la première ligne centrale (C62).
  2. Ensemble de base (20) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième ligne centrale (C10) est décalée par rapport à la première ligne centrale (C62) de moins de 15 % de l'épaisseur (t) du segment de base (61).
  3. Ensemble de base (20) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la première ligne centrale (C62) est étendue au travers des multiples boulons (10) ou des multiples inserts de base (13).
  4. Ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la moitié des multiples boulons (10) ou des multiples inserts de base (13) de l'ensemble de base (20) sont agencés de telle sorte que leurs centres soient situés suivant la deuxième ligne centrale (C10).
  5. Ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacun des multiples boulons (10) est connecté à l'une de multiples douilles (11) qui sont agencées de façon fixe à l'intérieur du segment de base (61) de telle sorte que les multiples boulons (10) soient agencés de manière à ce qu'ils soient adjacents les uns aux autres suivant une circonférence de la partie de base (6), et les douilles (11) sont agencées de manière à ce qu'elles soient adjacentes les unes aux autres suivant la circonférence de la partie de base (6), et des douilles adjacentes (11) sont décalées les unes par rapport aux autres de telle sorte que des douilles adjacentes (11) soient prévues à une distance axiale (dA) les unes par rapport aux autres, la distance axiale (dA) étant mesurée dans une direction axiale depuis la face de liaison de base (64) jusqu'aux douilles (11) ainsi qu'entre des centres des douilles adjacentes (11).
  6. Ensemble de base (20) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un quotient entre la distance axiale (dA) et un diamètre de douille (d11) des douilles (11) est égal à 2,5 ou plus.
  7. Ensemble de base (20) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un quotient entre la distance axiale (dA) et un diamètre de douille (dB) des douilles (11) s'inscrit à l'intérieur de la plage de 2,5 à 5.
  8. Ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un quotient entre la distance axiale (dA) et un diamètre de douille (dB) des douilles (11) s'inscrit à l'intérieur de la plage de 2,7 à 4,8.
  9. Ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un quotient entre la distance axiale (dA) et un diamètre de douille (dB) des douilles (11) s'inscrit à l'intérieur de la plage de 3 à 4,5.
  10. Ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les multiples boulons (10) présentent une première longueur (L.1) ou une deuxième longueur (L.2), dans lequel la deuxième longueur (L.2) est plus grande que la première longueur (L.1), et dans lequel les boulons (10) des multiples boulons (10) présentant la première longueur (L.1) et les boulons (10) des multiples boulons (10) présentant la deuxième longueur (L.2) sont connectés en alternance aux douilles décalées adjacentes (11).
  11. Ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les multiples boulons (10) sont fixés contre le palier (7) ou la bride de moyeu (7) au moyen d'écrous (12).
  12. Pale d'éolienne (5) comprenant l'ensemble de base (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  13. Éolienne (1) comprenant au moins une pale d'éolienne (5) selon la revendication 12.
EP22730564.6A 2021-07-05 2022-05-31 Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne Active EP4330539B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21183730.7A EP4116573A1 (fr) 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne
PCT/EP2022/064784 WO2023280475A1 (fr) 2021-07-05 2022-05-31 Ensemble racine d'une pale d'éolienne destinée à une éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4330539A1 EP4330539A1 (fr) 2024-03-06
EP4330539B1 true EP4330539B1 (fr) 2025-07-09

Family

ID=76765053

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21183730.7A Withdrawn EP4116573A1 (fr) 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne
EP22730564.6A Active EP4330539B1 (fr) 2021-07-05 2022-05-31 Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21183730.7A Withdrawn EP4116573A1 (fr) 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Ensemble base d'une pale pour éolienne, pale d'éolienne et éolienne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20240328382A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP4116573A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN117651803A (fr)
DK (1) DK4330539T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL4330539T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023280475A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4234919A1 (fr) * 2022-02-24 2023-08-30 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Innovation & Technology S.L. Section de racine, pale d'éolienne et procédés de production et de modification d'une partie de racine d'une pale d'éolienne

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240328382A1 (en) 2024-10-03
PL4330539T3 (pl) 2025-10-27
EP4330539A1 (fr) 2024-03-06
DK4330539T3 (en) 2025-09-15
CN117651803A (zh) 2024-03-05
WO2023280475A1 (fr) 2023-01-12
EP4116573A1 (fr) 2023-01-11

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