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EP4311974A1 - Ressurised hydrogen container - Google Patents

Ressurised hydrogen container Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4311974A1
EP4311974A1 EP22187894.5A EP22187894A EP4311974A1 EP 4311974 A1 EP4311974 A1 EP 4311974A1 EP 22187894 A EP22187894 A EP 22187894A EP 4311974 A1 EP4311974 A1 EP 4311974A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
pressure vessel
hydrogen pressure
prefabricated concrete
inner jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP22187894.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Martin Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP22187894.5A priority Critical patent/EP4311974A1/en
Publication of EP4311974A1 publication Critical patent/EP4311974A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydrogen pressure vessel with a metallic inner jacket and a jacket enclosing the inner jacket.
  • Hydrogen pressure vessels are used to store gaseous hydrogen for both stationary and mobile applications.
  • Type 1 is a classic container with metallic walls and is usually used for pressures of around 200 bar.
  • type 2 a container with metallic walls is covered with resin-soaked carbon or glass fibers. This enables the hydrogen to be stored at up to 1000 bar.
  • Type 3 features a metallic liner encased in resin-soaked carbon or glass fibers, forming a relatively lightweight container. The forces resulting from the internal pressure of the container are mainly absorbed by the casing.
  • Type 3 allows hydrogen to be stored in the range from 350 bar to 700 bar. Due to the high pressures that can be achieved based on the container weight, type 3 containers are particularly suitable for mobile applications. However, the material costs of a Type 3 container are higher than those of a Type 2 container. Even lighter containers are achieved with type 4, as the metallic liner is replaced by a plastic liner.
  • a type 2 container is carried out, for example, in the DE 10 2018 210 788 A1 described.
  • a cylindrical, metallic inner jacket of the container is provided.
  • Continuous fibers of a fiber composite material are then wound around the inner jacket, with the continuous fibers first being passed through a bath of binder.
  • the inner jacket is continuously rotated and the fiber feed is moved back and forth parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inner jacket.
  • it is complex.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a hydrogen pressure vessel that is suitable for pressures up to 700 bar and is also characterized by low effort and low material costs in its production.
  • a metallic inner jacket of the hydrogen pressure vessel is covered by a concrete casing with tensile reinforcement is enclosed.
  • the metallic inner jacket mainly ensures the tightness against the escape of hydrogen from the inner jacket.
  • the casing, made of concrete with tensile reinforcement absorbs the forces resulting from the internal pressure of the container. The casing thus prevents expansion of the pressurized inner casing and thus prevents the inner casing from bursting.
  • the layer thickness of the casing made of concrete with tensile reinforcement depends on the pressure range intended for the hydrogen pressure vessel.
  • the layer thickness can be determined, for example, using an FEM calculation.
  • the tensile reinforcement integrated into the concrete can also be designed accordingly to the pressure conditions as well as the shape and dimensions of the casing.
  • the casing consists of at least two prefabricated concrete parts, these prefabricated concrete components being connected to one another via connecting elements.
  • Each of the at least two prefabricated concrete components is assigned to a section of the inner shell, with an inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components preferably being designed to be essentially congruent to the outer contour of the respectively assigned section of the inner shell.
  • Prefabricated concrete components enable the casing to be prefabricated.
  • the inner jacket is then inserted into the prefabricated concrete components and the prefabricated concrete parts are connected to one another. This is advantageous, for example, when transporting the hydrogen pressure vessel to the installation site, since the inner casing and the prefabricated concrete components can be transported separately to the installation site, thus providing logistics advantages in terms of smaller packaging sizes and lower weights of the individual parts.
  • the tensile reinforcement is formed from reinforcing steel and/or plastic fibers and/or glass fibers and/or carbon fibers and/or textile fibers. Depending on the force absorption requirements, these reinforcements can be used. Combinations of the individual reinforcement materials are also possible.
  • an intermediate layer is arranged between the metallic inner casing and the casing made of concrete. Particularly when using prefabricated concrete components, irregularities between the inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components and the outer contour of the respectively assigned section of the inner casing can be compensated for. Furthermore, the inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components can also be made larger than the outer contour of the respective assigned section of the inner jacket and the resulting gap can be filled by the intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer is formed by a pourable filler. This can, for example, be filled into the space between the inner jacket and the prefabricated concrete components when inserting the inner casing into the precast concrete components.
  • the inner jacket is designed to be rotationally symmetrical with a cylindrical middle section and curved end sections adjoining it on both sides.
  • a prefabricated concrete part of the casing is cylindrical and encloses the cylindrical middle section of the inner casing.
  • a hemispherical precast concrete part of the casing is arranged in such a way that one of the curved end sections of the inner casing is enclosed.
  • Fig.1 shows a top view of an embodiment of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a front view of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 according to Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 along the in Fig. 1 shown section line AA.
  • the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 has a metallic inner jacket 2 and a jacket 3 surrounding the inner jacket 2.
  • the casing 2 is made of concrete with tensile reinforcement.
  • the tensile reinforcement can be formed, for example, from reinforcing steel and/or plastic fibers and/or glass fibers and/or carbon fibers and/or textile fibers. The tensile reinforcement is not shown in the illustration.
  • the inner jacket 2 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical and has a cylindrical middle section 2a and curved end sections 2b, 2c adjoining it on both sides.
  • the casing 3 is composed of three prefabricated concrete parts.
  • a first prefabricated concrete component 3a is assigned to the cylindrical middle section 2a of the inner jacket 2, this prefabricated concrete part 3a being cylindrical and enclosing the cylindrical middle section 2a of the inner jacket 2.
  • a second prefabricated concrete component 3b and a third prefabricated concrete component 3c are each assigned to one of the curved end sections 2b, the second prefabricated concrete component 3b and the third prefabricated concrete component 3c each being hemispherical and each enclosing the associated curved end section 2b, 2c of the inner casing 2.
  • the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c are connected to one another via connecting elements 4.
  • the connecting elements 4 are designed as screw connections, although the invention is not limited to this.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment of the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c.
  • the casing 3 can also be composed of two or more prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c.
  • the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c can also be shaped differently and assigned to other sections 2a, 2b, 2c of the inner casing 2.
  • An intermediate layer 5 made of pourable filler is arranged between the metallic inner jacket 2 and the jacket 3 made of concrete. However, this intermediate layer 5 is not mandatory.
  • An outlet or inlet opening 6 of the inner casing 2 is led outwards through the hemispherical precast concrete part 3c.
  • a valve block for filling or emptying the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 can be mounted.
  • a closure piece 7 is guided outwards through the hemispherical prefabricated concrete part 3b.
  • no intermediate layer is provided between the inner jacket and the casing.
  • the casing 3 then rests directly on the inner casing 2.
  • an inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c is then formed essentially congruent to the outer contour of the respectively assigned section 2a, 2b, 2c of the inner casing 2.
  • the casing 3 is formed by pouring the concrete with appropriate formwork and reinforcement around the inner casing 2 and removing the formwork again after the concrete has hardened.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wasserstoffdruckbehälter mit einem metallischen Innenmantel und einer den Innenmantel umschließenden Ummantelung. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Wasserstoffdruckbehälter zu schaffen, der für Drücke bis 700 bar geeignet ist und sich weiterhin durch einen geringen Aufwand sowie geringe Materialkosten bei dessen Herstellung auszeichnet. Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Ummantelung (3) aus Beton mit einer zugfesten Bewehrung gebildet ist.

Figure imgaf001
The invention relates to a hydrogen pressure vessel with a metallic inner jacket and a jacket enclosing the inner jacket. The object of the invention is therefore to create a hydrogen pressure vessel that is suitable for pressures of up to 700 bar and is also characterized by low effort and low material costs in its production. The problem is solved in that the casing (3) is made of concrete with tensile reinforcement.
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wasserstoffdruckbehälter mit einem metallischen Innenmantel und einer den Innenmantel umschließenden Ummantelung.The invention relates to a hydrogen pressure vessel with a metallic inner jacket and a jacket enclosing the inner jacket.

Wasserstoffdruckbehälter dienen der Speicherung von gasförmigem Wasserstoff sowohl für stationäre als auch für mobile Anwendungen.Hydrogen pressure vessels are used to store gaseous hydrogen for both stationary and mobile applications.

Im Bereich der Wasserstoffdruckbehälter sind derzeit vier Typen am Markt erhältlich. Typ 1 ist ein klassischer Behälter mit metallischen Wandungen und wird üblicherweise für Drücke von etwa 200 bar eingesetzt. Beim Typ 2 wird ein Behälter mit metallischen Wandungen mit harzgetränkten Kohle- oder Glasfasern ummantelt. Dies ermöglicht die Speicherung des Wasserstoffs mit bis zu 1000 bar. Typ 3 zeichnet sich durch einen metallischen Liner aus, der von harzgetränkten Kohle- oder Glasfasern ummantelt ist, was einen verhältnismäßig leichten Behälter bildet. Die aus dem Innendruck des Behälters resultierenden Kräfte werden hier hauptsächlich von der Ummantelung aufgenommen. Typ 3 ermöglicht die Speicherung des Wasserstoffs im Bereich von 350 bar bis 700 bar. Durch die hohen erreichbaren Drücke bezogen auf das Behältergewicht, eignen sich Typ 3 Behälter insbesondere für mobile Anwendungen. Allerdings sind die Materialkosten eines Typ 3 Behälters höher als die eines Typ 2 Behälters. Noch leichtere Behälter werden bei Typ 4 erreicht, da hier der metallische Liner durch einen aus Kunststoff bestehenden Liner ersetzt wird.There are currently four types of hydrogen pressure vessels available on the market. Type 1 is a classic container with metallic walls and is usually used for pressures of around 200 bar. In type 2, a container with metallic walls is covered with resin-soaked carbon or glass fibers. This enables the hydrogen to be stored at up to 1000 bar. Type 3 features a metallic liner encased in resin-soaked carbon or glass fibers, forming a relatively lightweight container. The forces resulting from the internal pressure of the container are mainly absorbed by the casing. Type 3 allows hydrogen to be stored in the range from 350 bar to 700 bar. Due to the high pressures that can be achieved based on the container weight, type 3 containers are particularly suitable for mobile applications. However, the material costs of a Type 3 container are higher than those of a Type 2 container. Even lighter containers are achieved with type 4, as the metallic liner is replaced by a plastic liner.

Die Herstellung eines Behälter nach Typ 2 wird beispielsweise in der DE 10 2018 210 788 A1 beschrieben. Zunächst wird ein zylindrischer, metallischer Innenmantel des Behälters bereitgestellt. Anschließend werden Endlosfaser eines Faserverbundwerkstoffes um den Innenmantel gewickelt, wobei die Endlosfasern zuvor durch ein Bad aus Bindemittel geführt werden. Beim Umwickeln werden er Innenmantel kontinuierlich gedreht und die Faserzuführung parallel zur Längsachse des Innenmantels hin und her bewegt. Die ist allerdings aufwändig.The production of a type 2 container is carried out, for example, in the DE 10 2018 210 788 A1 described. First, a cylindrical, metallic inner jacket of the container is provided. Continuous fibers of a fiber composite material are then wound around the inner jacket, with the continuous fibers first being passed through a bath of binder. When wrapping, the inner jacket is continuously rotated and the fiber feed is moved back and forth parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inner jacket. However, it is complex.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Wasserstoffdruckbehälter zu schaffen, der für Drücke bis 700 bar geeignet ist und sich weiterhin durch einen geringen Aufwand sowie geringe Materialkosten bei dessen Herstellung auszeichnet.The object of the invention is therefore to create a hydrogen pressure vessel that is suitable for pressures up to 700 bar and is also characterized by low effort and low material costs in its production.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass ein metallischer Innenmantel des Wasserstoffdruckbehälter von einer Ummantelung aus Beton mit einer zugfesten Bewehrung umschlossen ist. Der metallische Innenmantel sorgt hauptsächlich für die Dichtheit gegen ein Entweichen von Wasserstoff aus dem Innenmantel. Die aus Beton mit zugfester Bewehrung gebildete Ummantelung nimmt die aus dem Innendruck des Behälters resultierenden Kräfte auf. Die Ummantelung verhindert damit eine Ausdehnung des unter Druck stehenden Innenmantels und unterbindet damit ein Bersten des Innenmantels. Im Vergleich zu einer Ummantelung aus harzgetränkten Glas- oder Kohlefaserns ist die Herstellung einer Ummantelung aus Beton mit zugfester Bewehrung mit geringerem Aufwand und zu geringeren Materialkosten möglich. Die Schichtstärke der aus Beton mit zugfester Bewehrung gebildeten Ummantelung richtet sich nach den für den Wasserstoffdruckbehälter vorgesehen Druckbereich. Je größer der für den Wasserstoffdruckbehälter vorgesehene Druck ist, umso größer muss die Schichtstärke ausgeführt werden. Die Schichtstärke kann je nach Ausformung und Dimensionierung der Ummantelung beispielsweise mittels einer FEM-Berechnung bestimmt werden. Ebenso kann auch die im Beton integrierte zugfeste Bewehrung entsprechend auf die Druckverhältnisse sowie die Ausformung und Dimensionierung der Ummantelung ausgelegt werden.This task is solved in that a metallic inner jacket of the hydrogen pressure vessel is covered by a concrete casing with tensile reinforcement is enclosed. The metallic inner jacket mainly ensures the tightness against the escape of hydrogen from the inner jacket. The casing, made of concrete with tensile reinforcement, absorbs the forces resulting from the internal pressure of the container. The casing thus prevents expansion of the pressurized inner casing and thus prevents the inner casing from bursting. Compared to a casing made of resin-soaked glass or carbon fibers, the production of a casing made of concrete with tensile reinforcement is possible with less effort and at lower material costs. The layer thickness of the casing made of concrete with tensile reinforcement depends on the pressure range intended for the hydrogen pressure vessel. The greater the pressure intended for the hydrogen pressure vessel, the greater the layer thickness must be. Depending on the shape and dimensions of the casing, the layer thickness can be determined, for example, using an FEM calculation. The tensile reinforcement integrated into the concrete can also be designed accordingly to the pressure conditions as well as the shape and dimensions of the casing.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung besteht die Ummantelung aus zumindest zwei Fertigbetonteilen, wobei diese Fertigbetonbauteile über Verbindungselemente miteinander verbunden sind. Jedes der zumindest zwei Fertigbetonbauteile ist dabei je einem Abschnitt des Innenmantels zugeordnet, wobei vorzugsweise eine Innenkontur der Fertigbetonbauteile im Wesentlichen kongruent zur Außenkontur des jeweils zugeordneten Abschnitts des Innenmantels ausgebildet ist.In an advantageous embodiment, the casing consists of at least two prefabricated concrete parts, these prefabricated concrete components being connected to one another via connecting elements. Each of the at least two prefabricated concrete components is assigned to a section of the inner shell, with an inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components preferably being designed to be essentially congruent to the outer contour of the respectively assigned section of the inner shell.

Fertigbetonbauteile ermöglichen eine Vorfertigung der Ummantelung. Zur Bildung des Wasserstoffdruckbehälters wird dann der Innenmantel in die Fertigbetonbauteile eingelegt und die Fertigbetonteile werden mit einander verbunden. Dies ist beispielsweise beim Transport des Wasserstoffdruckbehälters zum Aufstellort vorteilhaft, da der Innenmantel und die Fertigbetonbauteile separat zum Aufstellort transportiert werden können und somit hinsichtlich kleinerer Verpackungsgrößen als auch hinsichtlich geringerer Gewichte der Einzelteile Vorteile bei der Logistik entstehen.Prefabricated concrete components enable the casing to be prefabricated. To form the hydrogen pressure vessel, the inner jacket is then inserted into the prefabricated concrete components and the prefabricated concrete parts are connected to one another. This is advantageous, for example, when transporting the hydrogen pressure vessel to the installation site, since the inner casing and the prefabricated concrete components can be transported separately to the installation site, thus providing logistics advantages in terms of smaller packaging sizes and lower weights of the individual parts.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass die zugfeste Bewehrung aus Bewehrungsstahl und/oder Kunststofffasern und/oder Glasfasern und/oder Kohlenstofffasern und/oder textilen Fasern gebildet ist. Je nach Anforderung an die Kraftaufnahme kann aus diesen Bewehrungen zurückgegriffen werden. Ebenso sind auch Kombinationen der einzelnen Bewehrungsstoffe möglich.It is proposed that the tensile reinforcement is formed from reinforcing steel and/or plastic fibers and/or glass fibers and/or carbon fibers and/or textile fibers. Depending on the force absorption requirements, these reinforcements can be used. Combinations of the individual reinforcement materials are also possible.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist zwischen dem metallischen Innenmantel und der aus Beton gebildeten Ummantelung eine Zwischenschicht angeordnet. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Fertigbetonbauteilen können damit Ungleichmäßigen zwischen der Innenkontur der Fertigbetonbauteile und der Außenkontur des jeweils zugeordneten Abschnitts des Innenmantels ausgeglichen werden. Weiterhin kann durch die Zwischenschicht auch die Innenkontur der Fertigbetonbauteile größer als die Außenkontur des jeweils zugeordneten Abschnitts des Innenmantels ausgeführt werden und der dabei entstehende Zwischenraum von der Zwischenschicht ausgefüllt werden.In an advantageous embodiment, an intermediate layer is arranged between the metallic inner casing and the casing made of concrete. Particularly when using prefabricated concrete components, irregularities between the inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components and the outer contour of the respectively assigned section of the inner casing can be compensated for. Furthermore, the inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components can also be made larger than the outer contour of the respective assigned section of the inner jacket and the resulting gap can be filled by the intermediate layer.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist die Zwischenschicht von einem schüttfähigen Füllstoff gebildet. Dieser kann beispielsweise beim Einlegen des Innenmantels in die Fertigbetonbauteile in den Zwischenraum zwischen Innenmantel und Fertigbetonbauteilen eingefüllt werden.In an advantageous embodiment, the intermediate layer is formed by a pourable filler. This can, for example, be filled into the space between the inner jacket and the prefabricated concrete components when inserting the inner casing into the precast concrete components.

Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der Innenmantel rotationssymmetrisch mit einem zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt sowie sich beiderseits hieran anschließenden, gewölbten Endabschnitten ausgeführt ist. Ein Fertigbetonteil der Ummantelung ist zylindrisch ausgeführt und umschließt den zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt des Innenmantels. Je ein halbkugelförmiges Fertigbetonteil der Ummantelung ist so angeordnet, dass je einer der gewölbten Endabschnitte des Innenmantels umschlossen wird.One embodiment provides that the inner jacket is designed to be rotationally symmetrical with a cylindrical middle section and curved end sections adjoining it on both sides. A prefabricated concrete part of the casing is cylindrical and encloses the cylindrical middle section of the inner casing. A hemispherical precast concrete part of the casing is arranged in such a way that one of the curved end sections of the inner casing is enclosed.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine Auslass- oder Einlassöffnung des Innenmantels durch eines der halbkugelförmigen Fertigbetonteile hindurch nach außen geführt ist.It is proposed that an outlet or inlet opening of the inner casing is led to the outside through one of the hemispherical precast concrete parts.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Aufsicht auf eine Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Wasserstoffdruckbehälters
Fig. 2
eine Stirnansicht auf den Wasserstoffdruckbehälter gemäß Fig. 1
Fig. 3
eine Schnittdarstellung des Wasserstoffdruckbehälters 1 entlang der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Schnittlinie AA.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a top view of an embodiment of the hydrogen pressure vessel according to the invention
Fig. 2
a front view of the hydrogen pressure vessel according to Fig. 1
Fig. 3
a sectional view of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 along the in Fig. 1 shown section line AA.

Fig.1 zeigt eine Aufsicht auf eine Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Wasserstoffdruckbehälters 1. Fig.1 shows a top view of an embodiment of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 according to the invention.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Stirnansicht auf den Wasserstoffdruckbehälter 1 gemäß Fig. 1 . Fig. 2 shows a front view of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 according to Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung des Wasserstoffdruckbehälters 1 entlang der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Schnittlinie AA. Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 along the in Fig. 1 shown section line AA.

Der Wasserstoffdruckbehälter 1 weist einen metallischen Innenmantel 2 und eine den Innenmantel 2 umschließenden Ummantelung 3 auf. Die Ummantelung 2 ist aus Beton mit einer zugfesten Bewehrung gebildet. Die zugfeste Bewehrung kann beispielsweise aus Bewehrungsstahl und/oder Kunststofffasern und/oder Glasfasern und/oder Kohlenstofffasern und/oder textilen Fasern gebildet sein. In der Darstellung ist die zugfeste Bewehrung nicht gezeigt.The hydrogen pressure vessel 1 has a metallic inner jacket 2 and a jacket 3 surrounding the inner jacket 2. The casing 2 is made of concrete with tensile reinforcement. The tensile reinforcement can be formed, for example, from reinforcing steel and/or plastic fibers and/or glass fibers and/or carbon fibers and/or textile fibers. The tensile reinforcement is not shown in the illustration.

Der Innenmantel 2 ist rotationssymmetrisch ausgeführt und weist einen zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt 2a sowie sich beiderseits hieran anschließende, gewölbte Endabschnitte 2b, 2c auf. In der dargestellten Ausführung ist die Ummantelung 3 aus drei Fertigbetonteilen zusammengesetzt. Ein erstes Fertigbetonbauteil 3a ist dem zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt 2a des Innenmantels 2 zugeordnet, wobei dieses Fertigbetonteil 3a zylindrisch ausgeführt ist und den zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt 2a des Innenmantels 2 umschließt. Ein zweites Fertigbetonbauteil 3b und ein drittes Fertigbetonbauteil 3c ist jeweils einem der gewölbten Endabschnitte 2b zugeordnet, wobei das zweite Fertigbetonbauteil 3b und das dritte Fertigbetonbauteil 3c jeweils halbkugelförmig ausgeführt sind und jeweils den zugeordneten gewölbten Endabschnitt 2b, 2c des Innenmantels 2 umschließt.The inner jacket 2 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical and has a cylindrical middle section 2a and curved end sections 2b, 2c adjoining it on both sides. In the embodiment shown, the casing 3 is composed of three prefabricated concrete parts. A first prefabricated concrete component 3a is assigned to the cylindrical middle section 2a of the inner jacket 2, this prefabricated concrete part 3a being cylindrical and enclosing the cylindrical middle section 2a of the inner jacket 2. A second prefabricated concrete component 3b and a third prefabricated concrete component 3c are each assigned to one of the curved end sections 2b, the second prefabricated concrete component 3b and the third prefabricated concrete component 3c each being hemispherical and each enclosing the associated curved end section 2b, 2c of the inner casing 2.

Die Fertigbetonbauteile 3a, 3b, 3c sind über Verbindungselemente 4 miteinander verbunden. In der dargestellten Ausführung sind die Verbindungselemente 4 als Schraubverbindungen ausgeführt, ohne dass die Erfindung allerdings hierauf beschränkt ist.The prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c are connected to one another via connecting elements 4. In the embodiment shown, the connecting elements 4 are designed as screw connections, although the invention is not limited to this.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellte Ausführung der Fertigbetonbauteile 3a, 3b, 3c beschränkt. Zum einen kann die Ummantelung 3 auch aus zwei oder mehr als Fertigbetonbauteilen 3a, 3b, 3c zusammengesetzt. Zum anderen können die Fertigbetonbauteile 3a, 3b, 3c auch anders ausgeformt und anderen Abschnitten 2a, 2b, 2c des Innenmantels 2 zugeordnet sein.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment of the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c. On the one hand, the casing 3 can also be composed of two or more prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c. On the other hand, the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c can also be shaped differently and assigned to other sections 2a, 2b, 2c of the inner casing 2.

Zwischen dem metallischen Innenmantel 2 und der aus Beton gebildeten Ummantelung 3 ist eine aus schüttfähigem Füllstoff gebildete Zwischenschicht 5 angeordnet. Diese Zwischenschicht 5 ist allerdings nicht zwingend.An intermediate layer 5 made of pourable filler is arranged between the metallic inner jacket 2 and the jacket 3 made of concrete. However, this intermediate layer 5 is not mandatory.

Eine Auslass- oder Einlassöffnung 6 des Innenmantels 2 ist durch das halbkugelförmige Fertigbetonteil 3c hindurch nach außen geführt. An dieser Auslass- oder Einlassöffnung 6 kann beispielsweise ein Ventilblock zur Befüllung oder Entleerung des Wasserstoffdruckbehälters 1 montiert werden. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite ist ein Verschlussstücke 7 durch das halbkugelförmige Fertigbetonteil 3b hindurch nach außen geführt.An outlet or inlet opening 6 of the inner casing 2 is led outwards through the hemispherical precast concrete part 3c. At this outlet or inlet opening 6, for example, a valve block for filling or emptying the hydrogen pressure vessel 1 can be mounted. On the opposite side, a closure piece 7 is guided outwards through the hemispherical prefabricated concrete part 3b.

In einer nicht dargestellten Ausführung ist zwischen dem Innenmantel und der Ummantelung keine Zwischenschicht vorgesehen. Die Ummantelung 3 liegt dann direkt an dem Innenmantel 2 an. Bei der Verwendung von Fertigbetonbauteilen 3a, 3b, 3c ist dann eine Innenkontur der Fertigbetonbauteile 3a, 3b, 3c im Wesentlichen kongruent zur Außenkontur des jeweils zugeordneten Abschnitts 2a, 2b, 2c des Innenmantels 2 ausgebildet.In an embodiment not shown, no intermediate layer is provided between the inner jacket and the casing. The casing 3 then rests directly on the inner casing 2. When using prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c, an inner contour of the prefabricated concrete components 3a, 3b, 3c is then formed essentially congruent to the outer contour of the respectively assigned section 2a, 2b, 2c of the inner casing 2.

In einer weiteren nicht dargestellten Ausführung ist die Ummantelung 3 dadurch gebildet, dass der Beton mit einer entsprechenden Schalung und Bewehrung um den Innenmantel 2 gegossen wird und die Schalung nach dem Aushärten des Betons wieder entfernt wird.In a further embodiment, not shown, the casing 3 is formed by pouring the concrete with appropriate formwork and reinforcement around the inner casing 2 and removing the formwork again after the concrete has hardened.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

11
WasserstoffdruckbehälterHydrogen pressure vessel
22
InnenmantelInner jacket
2a2a
zylindrischer Mittelabschnitt des Innenmantels 2cylindrical middle section of the inner casing 2
2b2 B
gewölbter Endabschnitt des Innenmantels 2curved end section of the inner jacket 2
2c2c
gewölbter Endabschnitt des Innenmantels 2curved end section of the inner jacket 2
33
UmmantelungSheathing
3a3a
zylindrischer Abschnitt der Ummantelungcylindrical section of the casing
3b3b
halbkugelförmiger Abschnitt der Ummantelunghemispherical section of the casing
3c3c
halbkugelförmiger Abschnitt der Ummantelunghemispherical section of the casing
44
Verbindungselementconnecting element
55
ZwischenschichtInterlayer
66
Auslass- oder EinlassöffnungExhaust or inlet opening
77
VerschlussstückClosure piece

Claims (7)

Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) mit einem metallischen Innenmantel (2) und einer den Innenmantel (2) umschließenden Ummantelung (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ummantelung (3) aus Beton mit einer zugfesten Bewehrung gebildet ist.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) with a metallic inner jacket (2) and a casing (3) surrounding the inner casing (2), characterized in that the casing (3) is made of concrete with tensile reinforcement. Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Ummantelung (3) aus zumindest zwei Fertigbetonteilen (3a, 3b, 3c) besteht und diese Fertigbetonbauteile (3a, 3b, 3c) über Verbindungselemente (4) miteinander verbunden sind.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) according to claim 1, characterized in
that the casing (3) consists of at least two prefabricated concrete parts (3a, 3b, 3c) and these prefabricated concrete components (3a, 3b, 3c) are connected to one another via connecting elements (4). Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die zugfeste Bewehrung aus Bewehrungsstahl und/oder Kunststofffasern und/oder Glasfasern und/oder Kohlenstofffasern und/oder textilen Fasern gebildet ist.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in
that the tensile reinforcement is formed from reinforcing steel and/or plastic fibers and/or glass fibers and/or carbon fibers and/or textile fibers. Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zwischen dem metallischen Innenmantel (2) und der aus Beton gebildeten Ummantelung (3) eine Zwischenschicht (5) angeordnet ist.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in
that an intermediate layer (5) is arranged between the metallic inner jacket (2) and the casing (3) made of concrete. Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Zwischenschicht (5) von einem schüttfähigen Füllstoff gebildet ist.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) according to claim 4, characterized in
that the intermediate layer (5) is formed by a pourable filler. Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Innenmantel (2) rotationssymmetrisch mit einem zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt (2a) sowie sich beiderseits hieran anschließenden, gewölbten Endabschnitten (2b, 2c) ausgeführt ist und dass ein Fertigbetonteil (3a) der Ummantelung (3) zylindrisch ausgeführt ist und den zylindrischen Mittelabschnitt (2a) des Innenmantels (3a) umschließt und dass je ein halbkugelförmiges Fertigbetonteil (3b, 3c) der Ummantelung (3) je einen der gewölbten Endabschnitten (2b, 2c) des Innenmantels (2) umschließt.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in
that the inner casing (2) is designed rotationally symmetrically with a cylindrical middle section (2a) and curved end sections (2b, 2c) adjoining it on both sides and that a prefabricated concrete part (3a) of the casing (3) is cylindrical and the cylindrical middle section (2a ) of the inner casing (3a) and that a hemispherical precast concrete part (3b, 3c) of the casing (3) encloses one of the curved end sections (2b, 2c) of the inner casing (2). Wasserstoffdruckbehälter (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Auslass- oder Einlassöffnung (6) des Innenmantels (2) durch eines der halbkugelförmigen Fertigbetonteile (3b, 3c) hindurch nach außen geführt ist.Hydrogen pressure vessel (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that an outlet or inlet opening (6) of the inner jacket (2) is led to the outside through one of the hemispherical prefabricated concrete parts (3b, 3c).
EP22187894.5A 2022-07-29 2022-07-29 Ressurised hydrogen container Withdrawn EP4311974A1 (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2711600A2 (en) * 2012-08-02 2014-03-26 Ed. Züblin AG Heat accumulator
US20150014186A1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-15 Ut-Battelle, Llc Hydrogen storage container
EP3091148A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2016-11-09 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) High-pressure fluid storage tank and construction method thereof
US20180245741A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2018-08-30 Shell Oil Company Use of a layer of a material as a thermal insulation barrier
DE102018210788A1 (en) 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Manufacturing process for a fiber reinforced container
EP3671006A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-24 Soletanche Freyssinet Modular prestressed concrete pressure tank
CN109690168B (en) * 2016-09-13 2021-08-31 Ifp新能源公司 System and method for energy storage and recovery via compressed gas including a prestressed concrete mix

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2711600A2 (en) * 2012-08-02 2014-03-26 Ed. Züblin AG Heat accumulator
US20150014186A1 (en) * 2013-07-12 2015-01-15 Ut-Battelle, Llc Hydrogen storage container
EP3091148A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2016-11-09 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) High-pressure fluid storage tank and construction method thereof
US20180245741A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2018-08-30 Shell Oil Company Use of a layer of a material as a thermal insulation barrier
CN109690168B (en) * 2016-09-13 2021-08-31 Ifp新能源公司 System and method for energy storage and recovery via compressed gas including a prestressed concrete mix
DE102018210788A1 (en) 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Manufacturing process for a fiber reinforced container
EP3671006A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-24 Soletanche Freyssinet Modular prestressed concrete pressure tank

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