EP4367208A1 - Dispositif et installation de gazéification de produit chargé en matière organique - Google Patents
Dispositif et installation de gazéification de produit chargé en matière organiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4367208A1 EP4367208A1 EP22735475.0A EP22735475A EP4367208A1 EP 4367208 A1 EP4367208 A1 EP 4367208A1 EP 22735475 A EP22735475 A EP 22735475A EP 4367208 A1 EP4367208 A1 EP 4367208A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- gasification chamber
- chamber
- injector
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1215—Heating the gasifier using synthesis gas as fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
- C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
- C10J2300/1869—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being air, oxygen or ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
- C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
Definitions
- TITLE Device and installation for gasification of product loaded with organic matter
- the present invention relates to a product gasification device loaded with organic matter, as well as an installation comprising such a gasification device.
- the technical field of the invention is that of the treatment by gasification of waste, biomass and, more particularly, products having a high humidity rate and which are in the form of liquid or pasty sludge, more generally fluid , loaded with organic matter.
- Such a station may comprise a multi-stage reduction column and entrained beds, which are bulky.
- JP-A-2004249280 it is known from JP-A-2004249280 to treat dried sludge in a chamber supplied with oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, which is relatively complex and requires a large installation, difficult to implement. and to drive.
- DE-B-1209967 discloses a process for the oxidation of organic component contained in solutions, washing powders or sludges by means of a gasification device which comprises a reaction chamber in the upper part of which is provided an evacuation opening and in which is arranged a propeller set in rapid rotation by a motor.
- US-A-5636451 discloses a method and apparatus for supplying dewatered sludge to a combustion reactor.
- DE-U-8623726 discloses an incineration device in which a product injector is placed in the upper part of a reactor, while a drying gas injection tube is placed in the lower part. These materials do not allow efficient gasification of organic matter.
- the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a new gasification device whose configuration is optimized, to the point that it can be compact and inexpensive to manufacture and use.
- the invention relates to a device for gasification of product loaded with organic matter, comprising a gasification chamber defined by an envelope, a product injector into the gasification chamber, a synthesis gas collector from the gasification chamber and a burner.
- a gasification chamber defined by an envelope
- a product injector into the gasification chamber
- a synthesis gas collector from the gasification chamber
- a burner a synthesis gas collector from the gasification chamber
- a burner synthesis gas collector from the gasification chamber
- a burner synthesis gas collector from the gasification chamber
- a burner synthesis gas collector from the gasification chamber
- a burner synthesis gas collector
- the positioning of the outlet of the injector, of the outlet of the burner and of the mouth of the collector in the upper part of the gasification chamber and the geometry of this chamber allow efficient recirculation of the gas. synthesis resulting from the gasification of organic matter, which improves the efficiency of the installation and makes it possible to generate a synthesis gas of good quality, within a relatively simple and compact device.
- such a gasification device can incorporate one or more of the following characteristics taken according to any technically permissible combination:
- the gasification chamber is rotationally symmetrical about a vertical axis and the surface of the envelope which defines the gasification chamber has, in section radial to the vertical axis, a divergent shape from the bottom, on a first part of its height, and a lobe shape, over a second part of its height located above its first part.
- a product supply pipe to the injector is equipped with at least two tanks, preferably with a bladder, and a set of valves allowing the filling of a first tank with loaded product while the second tank supplies the gasification chamber, and vice versa.
- the supply pipe is equipped with at least one preheater connected to a synthesis gas evacuation pipe, downstream of the collector and, preferably, this preheater is equipped with a non-return valve at the inlet, d a non-return valve at the outlet and a safety valve connected to a safety tank.
- the injector comprises an injection tube, one end of which forms its outlet into the gasification chamber or is equipped with a projection head which forms its outlet into the gasification chamber; a stirrer) movable, preferably at least in rotation, inside the injection tube; an agitator drive motor inside the injection tube; a cleaning air supply line inside the injection tube; and an air flow control valve in the air supply line.
- the envelope of the gasification chamber is placed within a tank containing a heat transfer liquid, this tank is connected to a heat exchanger towards which the heat transfer liquid circulates and, preferably, the gasification chamber and/or the tank is equipped with a temperature sensor.
- the collector is in thermal contact with the heat transfer liquid present in the tank.
- a filter preferably of the cyclonic type, is placed on a synthesis gas evacuation pipe, downstream of the collector.
- the gasification device includes an ashtray placed under the combustion chamber and, if necessary, an ashtray placed under the filter and an extractor is associated with each ashtray to evacuate the ashes which accumulate there.
- a separator is arranged on a product supply line to the injector and this separator is configured to separate the water present in the product to be injected from the rest of this product which leaves the separator in thickened form.
- the separator is equipped with an outlet for steam.
- the gasification device includes a solid waste grinder which feeds the injector.
- the gasification device includes an endless screw conveyor fed by the separator and by the grinder -
- the gasification device comprises a heat exchanger between a synthesis gas leaving the gasification chamber and an oxidizing gas supplying the gasification chamber.
- the invention relates to a mobile installation for the gasification of product loaded with organic matter, this installation comprising a gasification device as mentioned above installed inside a container, preferably of the maritime container type. .
- Such an installation benefits from the same advantages as the gasification device of the invention and makes it possible, thanks to its mobile nature and to the fact that the gasification device is placed inside a container, to be able to move this installation up to as close as possible to a production site for sludge loaded with organic matter(s) for the treatment of this sludge over a determined period, for example seasonal, after which the installation can be transported to another site of use.
- the realization of the mobile installation within a maritime container results from the compact nature of the gasification chamber, which results in particular from the geometry of its gasification chamber.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of a gasification installation according to a first embodiment of the invention incorporating a gasification device according to the invention.
- FIG 2 Figure 2 schematically shows part of a gasification device and an installation according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 the various constituent elements of the installation and of the gasification device in accordance with the invention are represented very schematically, without being to scale with respect to each other.
- the installation 2 represented in FIG. 1 comprises a maritime container 4 of the 20-foot type which has the following external dimensions: length approximately 6.00 m, width approximately 2.40 m, height approximately 2.60 m. These values may vary depending on the manufacturer of this shipping container 4. Alternatively, the shipping container 4 may be a 40-foot type container, the length of which is twice that of a 20-foot container, its other dimensions being similar. .
- a shipping container has the advantage of being made of standard equipment, economical and whose transport by road, sea or rail is easy, on an industrial vehicle or a suitable trailer.
- the container 4 may be of a type other than a shipping container, while preferably being suitable for transport by road, by sea or by rail.
- a gasification device 6 is installed within the container 4 and comprises a chamber 8 for gasification of fluid laden with organic matter, which is defined by an envelope 10 of refractory material, the internal surface of which delimits the chamber 8 is denoted S10.
- the refractory material of the casing for example concrete based on alumina and chromium oxide or concrete based on andalusite, chamotte clay and corundum.
- chamber 8 is centered on a vertical axis Z8 and surface S10 is rotationally symmetrical around this axis.
- the S10 surface is approximately heart-shaped, with a radius R10 of the S10 surface which increases from bottom to top over a portion H1 of the total height H of the S10 surface.
- the surface S10 On another portion H2 of the height H, located above the portion H1, the surface S10 forms a concave ring whose concavity is turned downwards and towards the axis Z8.
- the part of the surface S10 located in the portion H2 of the height H develops in the shape of a lobe of the heart defined by the section of this surface radial to the axis Z8.
- the envelope 10 delimits a duct 12 which is located below the surface S10 and connects the chamber 8 to an ashtray 14 into which the vitrified part of the organic matter falls by gravity.
- This ashtray 14 is connected to an automatic extraction device 16 which is advantageously of the type with a sealed screw conveyor 18.
- a connector 20 constitutes the upstream end of a pipe 22 for supplying sludge loaded with organic matter to an injector 24 which opens into the gasification chamber 8.
- mud is used to designate a fluid laden with organic matter which may be in more or less liquid or pasty form and which comprises a substantial proportion of water, for example at least at least 50% of water by volume.
- Pipe 22 is equipped with a grinder and centrifugal pump 26 which makes it possible to homogenize a flow F1 of sludge coming from connector 20.
- the pump 26 is controlled by an electronic control unit 28 which comprises a microprocessor 30 and a memory 32 in which is stored a control program for the gasification device 6 implemented by means of the microprocessor 30.
- the electronic control unit 28 is connected to the pump 26 by a wired or wireless connection, not shown.
- the electronic control unit 28 is connected to the solenoid valves, to the probes, to the sensors, to the electric motors, to the burner(s), to the safety valve(s) and to all the organs of the device 6 which must be controlled, by means of wired or wireless links which are not shown in Figure 1.
- a two-way solenoid valve 34 is placed on the pipe 22 downstream of the pump 26 and makes it possible to control the flow of the flow F1 of sludge downstream of the pump 26.
- Two bladder tanks 42 and 44 are connected in parallel on the pipe 22, downstream of the solenoid valve 34.
- Two two-way solenoid valves 46 and 48 are mounted on a first branch of the pipe 22 respectively upstream and downstream of a tapping 50 supplying the bladder tank 42, while two other solenoid valves two channels 56 and 58 are mounted on a second branch of the pipe 22, parallel to the first branch, the solenoid valves 56 and 58 being arranged respectively upstream and downstream of a tapping 60 supplying the bladder tank 44.
- the bladder tanks 42 and 44 and the solenoid valves 46, 48, 56 and 58 make it possible to supply the injector 24 with the fluid to be gasified with a constant pressure.
- reservoir 42 can be used to supply injector 24 while reservoir 44 is being filled by means of pump 26 and while two-way solenoid valve 34 is open.
- solenoid valves 56 and 48 are open, while solenoid valves 46 and 58 are closed.
- solenoid valves 34, 46 and 58 are open, while solenoid valves 48 and 56 are closed.
- This arrangement with two bladder tanks and four solenoid valves makes it possible to deliver a flow F1 of mud to the injector 24 under a constant flow rate and pressure, by filling each bladder tank in masked time from the pump 26, while the the other bladder tank is used to deliver the flow F1 to the injector 24.
- Another two-way solenoid valve 62 is mounted on pipe 22, downstream of reservoirs 42 and 44, and controls the flow F1 of sludge to be gasified downstream of these reservoirs and upstream of a preheater 64, in other words an exchanger heat to preheat the sludge of flow F1.
- This preheater 64 comprises a tank 66 whose base 68 is traversed by a flow E of synthesis gas Gs leaving the gasification chamber 8 and passing through an evacuation pipe 70.
- This synthesis gas Gs which is sometimes called “syngas” or “syngas”
- This synthesis gas Gs which is sometimes called “syngas” or “syngas”
- Two non-return valves 72 and 74 are mounted on line 22, respectively upstream and downstream of preheater 64 and prevent possible reversal of the direction of flow F1 in line 22.
- the preheater 64 is equipped with a pressure sensor 76 and a temperature sensor 78 whose output signals are supplied to the electronic control unit 28 and which make it possible to control the preheating of the flow of sludge F1.
- the flow rate of the flow F1 within the preheater 64 can be regulated thanks to the devices 26 and 62 and by taking into account the flow rate and the temperature of the flow E of synthesis gas Gs so that the temperature of the flow of sludge F1 at the output of the preheater 64 is greater than or equal to 50 degrees Celsius (°C).
- a safety valve 80 is installed on a pipe 82 which connects the preheater 64 to a safety tank 84. If the pressure P64 within the preheater 64, detected by the probe 76, exceeds a predetermined threshold value V76, the unit electronic 28 can control the safety valve 80 on opening to evacuate part of the sludge present in the preheater 64 in the direction of the safety tank 84 and thus lower the pressure P64 within the preheater 64.
- a two-way solenoid valve 86 is arranged on line 22, between non-return valve 74 and injector 24 and makes it possible to control the supply of the injector with sludge to be gasified.
- Line 22 mainly comprises three sections, namely:
- the injector 24 comprises an injection tube 90 arranged essentially above the gasification chamber 8 and whose lower end 90A constitutes the outlet of the injector 24 into the injection chamber 8.
- a mobile agitator 92 also belongs to the injector and is in the form of a finger or a rectilinear bar arranged inside the injector 24 and which is driven in a rotational movement along its longitudinal axis, by means of an electric motor 94 which also belongs to the injector 24.
- the injection tube 90 and the movable stirrer 92 are preferably made of metal, for example steel.
- the stirrer 92 and the injection tube 90 are aligned on the Z8 axis.
- the elements 90 and 92 can be offset laterally with respect to the axis Z8. It is preferable that this injection tube and this agitator be aligned on a vertical axis or slightly inclined with respect to the vertical, by less than 15°.
- the movement of the agitator 92 inside the injection tube 90 facilitates the flow of the flow F1 of mud inside the tube 90 and prevents an obstruction of the end 90a by dried mud under the effect of the heat in the gasification chamber 8.
- the agitator 92 can be ribbed or grooved over a first part of its length extending between the motor 94 and a lower end 92A of the agitator which can be in the shape of a corkscrew or a zigzag and which is disposed in the end 90a.
- an air supply pipe 96 is connected to the injector 24, more particularly to an upstream end 90b of the injection tube 90, while it is fed through a connector 98 by a flow A1 coming from a pressurized air source not shown.
- a two-way solenoid valve 100 controls the flow of air in the pipe 96. This solenoid valve 100 allows, when it is open, the injection of compressed air into the tube 90 in order to drain the material located in this tube by end of gasification device operating cycle 6.
- the gasification device 6 also comprises a burner 110 which can be single-outlet, as shown in FIG. 1, or multiple-outlet. Alternatively, several burners are incorporated into the gasification device 6.
- the or each burner 110 is supplied with combustion gas G1 such as air, oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, through a first pipe 112 whose upstream end is formed by a connector 114.
- the or each burner 112 is also supplied with combustible gas G2, such as butane, propane or hydrogen, by a second pipe 116 whose upstream end is formed by a connector 118.
- a three-way solenoid valve 120 is arranged on line 116, between connector 118 and burner 110.
- 110A denotes the outlet orifice of the burner 110 in the gasification chamber 8. A flame F is formed in the gasification chamber 8 from this orifice 110A, when the burner is operating.
- a synthesis gas collector 130 makes it possible to recover a product of the gasification which takes place within the chamber 8, namely the synthesis gas Gs.
- this manifold 130 is arranged around the injection tube 90, while the burner 110 runs along the manifold on one side.
- the collector 130 can be arranged close to the injection tube 90, without necessarily surrounding it.
- the downstream end 130b of the collector 130 which is opposite its mouth, is connected to the pipe 70.
- H A a height measured parallel to the axis Z8 between the lowest point of the gasification chamber 8, in the example the lower end of the surface S10, and the highest of the elements 90A, 110A and 130A .
- the end 90A, the orifice 110A and the mouth 130A are arranged in the upper part of the gasification chamber 8.
- the H A /H ratio is greater than 0.6, preferably 0.75, more preferably 0.80.
- the height H A is strictly less than the height H, which corresponds to the fact that the gasification chamber extends above the highest of the elements 90A, 110A and 130A. This can be compared to the lobe shape of the radial section of the surface S10 in the part H2 of its total height H.
- the H A / H ratio is less than 0.95, preferably 0.90, more preferably 0.80.
- the heights of the elements 90A, 110A and 130A with respect to the lower end of the surface S10 are the same to within 10%, preferably within 5%.
- This positioning of the elements 90A, 110A and 130A and the geometry of the surface S10 allow recirculation of the synthesis gas resulting from the gasification of the sludge within the chamber 8, as represented by the arrows Gs , which allows good homogenization gas and a complete treatment of the sludge, while the gasification chamber 8 can be relatively compact.
- the casing 10 is surrounded by a metal protective shell 140 which is placed within a tank 142 filled with a heat transfer liquid.
- This tank is connected to a heat exchanger 144 by a closed loop pipe 146 on which a circulator 148 is mounted. makes it possible to cool the shell 140 and the envelope 10.
- the collector 130 passes through the tank 142 and is in thermal contact with the heat transfer liquid, which allows rapid cooling of the synthesis gas Gs leaving the gasification chamber 8. This has the effect of concentrating the impurities contained in the gas, these impurities tending to fall back into the chamber 8 and again be subjected to the high temperature of the flame F, therefore to a new gasification.
- the impurities which are not completely burned fall by gravity into the ashtray 14.
- Syngas flow E passes from manifold 130 to base 68 of preheater 64 through line 70, which increases the temperature of sludge flow F1, as mentioned above. From the base 68, the flow E passes through the pipe 70 into a cyclonic filter 150, where it is freed from a residual part of its impurities, which are recovered in an ashtray 152 associated with an extraction device 154 with sealed screw 156, according to an approach comparable to that mentioned previously about the ashtray 14 of the extraction device 16 and the sealed screw 18 located under the gasification chamber 8.
- the flow E of synthesis gas flows in a pipe 158 into a tank 160 to which are connected an oxygen sensor 162, a hydrogen sensor 164, a methane sensor 166 and a temperature probe 168.
- the synthesis gas has a conforming composition and temperature.
- the temperature in the gasification chamber 8 is less than or equal to 1000° C.
- the synthesis gas has a high concentration of methane
- this temperature is strictly greater than 1000° C.
- the Syngas has a significant concentration of hydrogen.
- the ratio of the concentrations of methane and hydrogen detected by the probes 164 and 166 therefore makes it possible to deduce the temperature of the reaction within the gasification chamber, which makes it possible to adjust the operating parameters of the or each burner 110 and the pump 26 to reach an optimized reaction temperature, for example of the order of 1250°C.
- the adjustment of the ratio of the flow rate of fuel gas and oxidizing gas supplied to the burner 110 makes it possible to adjust the size and the power of the flame F.
- the quantity of oxidizing gas is adjusted to avoid complete combustion, which allows the gasification process to occur within chamber 8 by converting organic material into syngas.
- a pipe 170 connects the tank 160 to a three-way solenoid valve 172 which makes it possible to direct the flow E of synthesis gas either towards an external tank 200, through a pipe portion 174 and a connector 176, or towards the three-way solenoid valve lanes 120 through another section of pipe 178.
- the synthesis gas is stored in the tank 200, which is not part of the installation 2, with a view to its use in another installation or subsequently in the installation 2, for example as fuel gas.
- the synthesis gas from flow E participates in supplying the burner 110 with combustible gas and makes it possible to treat the rest of the flow F1 of sludge loaded with organic matter which reaches the combustion chamber 8.
- At least one of the three-way valves 120 and 172 is advantageously a proportional valve, which makes it possible to control the flow of synthesis gas recirculated towards the burner 110, according to the fuel gas requirements in this burner.
- the envelope 10 and the tank 142 are each equipped with a temperature probe 180, respectively 182, making it possible to know the temperature inside the gasification chamber 8 and the temperature of the heat transfer liquid.
- the solenoid valves 34, 46, 48, 56, 58, 62, 86, 120 and 172 allow automated operation of the device 6, being controlled by the electronic unit 28, by the implementation of a computer program executed by the microcontroller 30.
- these solenoid valves can be replaced by manually operated valves.
- the gasification device 6 has the advantage of good compactness and relative simplicity, which makes it possible to control its cost of manufacture and operation. This also allows its integration within the maritime container 4, in order to constitute the mobile installation 2.
- the connectors 20, 98, 114, 118 and 176 are represented schematically in the walls of the container 4 to show that they constitute the limit of the installation 2. They can actually be integrated into these walls or, alternatively, be placed on a plate arranged inside the maritime container 4 and accessible when one of the doors of this container is open.
- the preheater 64 of the first embodiment is replaced by a separator 264 supplied with the flow F1 by the section 22b of the pipe 22.
- the separator 264 is crossed by the pipe 70 d evacuation of synthesis gas G s leaving the gasification chamber 8, this gasification chamber being built on the same principle as that of the first embodiment.
- the pipe 70 is connected to an inlet 266 located in the lower part of a cylindrical casing 268 of the separator 264 and extends inside this casing, as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 269 to a heat exchanger 270.
- the outlet 269 is provided in the upper part of the envelope 268.
- the heat exchanger 270 is supplied, in reverse flow, by the pipe 112 supplying the gasification chamber with oxidizing gas G1.
- the oxidizing gas G1 and the synthesis gas G s intersect in the heat exchanger 270.
- the heat exchanger 270 makes it possible, thanks to the residual heat of the synthesis gas G s leaving the separator 264, to heat the oxidizing gas G1 before it enters the burner 110, which improves the efficiency of the combustion. .
- the heat exchanger 270 is located between the separator 264 and the cyclonic filter 150.
- Separator 264 is fed with sludge flow F1 through an inlet 272 located halfway up envelope 268 and to which section 22b is connected.
- An outlet 274 for the thickened sludge is provided in the lower part of the separator 264.
- the water contained in the sludge of the flow F1 tends to vaporize on contact with the pipe 70 inside the separator 264 and is evacuated to the outside. of the envelope 268 through an outlet 276 protected by a grid 278.
- the outlet 276 is connected to a pipe 280 which makes it possible to bring the water vapor collected in the separator 264 towards the gasification chamber 8 or, alternatively , to evacuate it to another part of the installation 2.
- the separator 264 makes it possible to separate part of the water present in the sludge conveyed by the section 22b of the pipe 22 from the rest of this sludge which comes out of the separator, in a thickened form, through exit 274.
- the thickened sludge leaving the separator 264 is brought by the section 22c of the pipe 22 to a conveyor 284 with endless screw 286 which feeds the injector 24.
- a solid waste grinder 290 feeds conveyor 284, parallel to separator 264.
- the gasification device 6 of the second embodiment makes it possible to treat both solid waste and thickened sludge which are brought to the injection tube 90 of the injector 24.
- the internal dimensions of the injector, in particular, the section of the injection tube 90 are adapted to the size of the crushed waste and the viscosity of the thickened sludge.
- An element 294 consisting of two hollow and superimposed truncated cones 294a, 294b connected by lugs 294c, is positioned at the level of the outlet of the injection tube 90 in the gasification chamber 8.
- the two hollow truncated cones converge towards the low. They open up and down.
- This element 294 has several functions. It makes it possible to direct the flame of the burner 110 towards the sludge to be treated and to contain the reduction zone of the injected materials, in order to avoid direct contact of these materials with the refractory wall of the chamber.
- Such an element 294 can also be used in the first embodiment.
- the invention is likely to be adapted to these actual conditions of use, both in terms of structure and in terms of operation.
- the end 90a is equipped with a projection head for the sludge from the flow F1 within the gasification chamber 8, in which case this projection head constitutes the outlet of the injector 24 in chamber 8.
- the tank 160 can be omitted, the pipes 70 and 170 can be directly connected to each other, the probes 162 to 168 then being connected to one of these two pipes. .
- the ashtrays 14 and 152 and the associated extraction devices 16 and 164 can be replaced by other equivalent equipment.
- the surface S10 of the casing 10 has an increasing width from bottom to top over its entire height H.
- the surface S10 is not rotationally symmetrical about the axis Z8, while maintaining an increasing width from bottom to top, over at least part of its height.
- bladder tanks 42 and 44 are replaced by other pressure tanks, for example piston tanks or pressurized air pots.
- the filter 150 is not a cyclonic filter but a filter of another type, such as for example a bag filter or a candle filter.
- the number of downstream filters of the collector 130 can, moreover, be greater than or equal to 2, with filters in cascade, of the same type or of different types.
- the agitator 92 may be movable in translation parallel to its longitudinal axis, in addition to or instead of, in rotation around this axis.
- the gasification device 6 is installed in a fixed position, without being mounted inside the container. This may be appropriate in a place where sludge loaded with organic matter is produced on a regular and continuous basis.
- the invention is described above in the case of its implementation for the gasification of a fluid product, of the mud or equivalent type, but it also applies to the gasification of a solid product or algae, through an arrangement of the supply line 22, the equipment connected thereto, the injector 24 and the pump 26.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2107258A FR3124851B1 (fr) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Dispositif et installation de gazéification de produit chargé en matière organique |
| PCT/EP2022/068369 WO2023280738A1 (fr) | 2021-07-05 | 2022-07-04 | Dispositif et installation de gazéification de produit chargé en matière organique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4367208A1 true EP4367208A1 (fr) | 2024-05-15 |
Family
ID=77519313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22735475.0A Pending EP4367208A1 (fr) | 2021-07-05 | 2022-07-04 | Dispositif et installation de gazéification de produit chargé en matière organique |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4367208A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3124851B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB202508567D0 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023280738A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1209967B (de) * | 1960-12-17 | 1966-01-27 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Oxydation der in Loesungen, Laugen oder Schlaemmen enthaltenen organischen Bestandteile |
| US3687646A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1972-08-29 | Texaco Development Corp | Sewage disposal process |
| DE8623726U1 (de) * | 1986-09-04 | 1990-06-21 | Moskau, Gerhard, Ing.(Grad.), 6602 Dudweiler | Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung, Vergasung oder Entgasung von Abwässern oder wäßrigen Schlämmen |
| DE4226487C1 (de) * | 1992-08-11 | 1994-01-27 | Noell Dbi Energie Entsorgung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zuführung von Klärschlamm in einen Reaktor zur thermischen Entsorgung |
| JP4156483B2 (ja) | 2003-01-31 | 2008-09-24 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 汚泥のガス化溶融方法 |
| CN106316049B (zh) | 2016-10-11 | 2019-07-16 | 青岛理工大学 | 一种污泥浆气化的方法与装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-07-05 FR FR2107258A patent/FR3124851B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-07-04 WO PCT/EP2022/068369 patent/WO2023280738A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-04 EP EP22735475.0A patent/EP4367208A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-07-04 GB GBGB2508567.1A patent/GB202508567D0/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3124851B1 (fr) | 2023-07-07 |
| FR3124851A1 (fr) | 2023-01-06 |
| GB202508567D0 (en) | 2025-07-16 |
| WO2023280738A1 (fr) | 2023-01-12 |
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