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EP4355927A2 - Composant en matière plastique décoratif et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant - Google Patents

Composant en matière plastique décoratif et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant

Info

Publication number
EP4355927A2
EP4355927A2 EP22737601.9A EP22737601A EP4355927A2 EP 4355927 A2 EP4355927 A2 EP 4355927A2 EP 22737601 A EP22737601 A EP 22737601A EP 4355927 A2 EP4355927 A2 EP 4355927A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
zinc
coating
nickel
decorative
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22737601.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis LEMKE
Alexander GÖTTGENS
Selvedina USANOVIC
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gerhardi Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Gerhardi Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE202021002143.4U external-priority patent/DE202021002143U1/de
Application filed by Gerhardi Kunststofftechnik GmbH filed Critical Gerhardi Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Publication of EP4355927A2 publication Critical patent/EP4355927A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
    • C23C18/165—Multilayered product
    • C23C18/1653—Two or more layers with at least one layer obtained by electroless plating and one layer obtained by electroplating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
    • C23C18/2046—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment
    • C23C18/2073—Multistep pretreatment
    • C23C18/2086—Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31—Coating with metals
    • C23C18/38—Coating with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/34—Anodisation of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/54—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
    • C25D5/56—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces of plastics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
    • C25D5/605—Surface topography of the layers, e.g. rough, dendritic or nodular layers
    • C25D5/611—Smooth layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0053—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping
    • B29C2045/0079—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor combined with a final operation, e.g. shaping applying a coating or covering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
    • C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component produced by plastic injection molding with a coating for producing colored, corrosion-resistant metal layers, comprising a substrate consisting of plastic.
  • the invention also describes a method for producing such a component.
  • coating is understood as meaning the application of a firmly adhering layer of a shapeless substance to a workpiece made of a substrate.
  • Layer and substrate form an inseparable body made of different materials.
  • the final coating and in particular the decorative layer assumes the contact function, i.e. protection against chemical, corrosive and mechanical attack.
  • the decorative layer serves optical or decorative purposes, while the substrate assumes the supporting function.
  • plastic components are used for visual enhancement.
  • Conventional surface technologies for such surface-decorated components are painting the plastic surfaces, electroplating the plastic surfaces, coatings using PVD or related technologies, decorating in the injection mold using foil decorations using the IMD or FIM method, and metal foil back-injection molding.
  • a type of coating with which it is possible to achieve optically metallic surfaces is e.g (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) and others.
  • Thin metal layers are deposited on a substrate in an evacuated vacuum chamber.
  • the material to be separated is in solid form.
  • the evaporated material moves through the coating chamber and hits the component to be coated, where it forms a layer through precipitation.
  • the PVD process is generally suitable for producing metallic layers; however, it has proven to be problematic that the very thin metal coating cannot have sufficient resistance to abrasion and corrosion without an additional protective layer. For this reason it is necessary to apply a protective layer, for example a clear coat system.
  • a protective layer for example a clear coat system.
  • an adhesion promoter or primer In order to achieve sufficient basic adhesion to the plastic component to be deposited, it is usually also necessary to coat an adhesion promoter or primer.
  • the advantage of such a coating is the optional formation of color variants.
  • the parts are first produced using the injection molding process, for example from electroplatable butadiene-containing copolymers such as ABS or ABS/PC. After injection molding
  • the components are first chemically pre-treated in order to then autocatalytically deposit a first thin and conductive metal layer, usually a thin layer of nickel or copper, on them.
  • a first thin and conductive metal layer usually a thin layer of nickel or copper
  • further metal layers are then deposited electrolytically until the electroplating process is usually ended with a deposited chrome layer.
  • galvanizing and passivation has hitherto been used on components made of metal for functional reasons or requirements, namely to increase corrosion resistance.
  • the zinc surface is treated with different passivation, depending on the required corrosion protection.
  • a conversion layer is created by immersing the workpieces in the appropriate electrolyte.
  • the color of the surface can also be changed by passivation. The color is created during the passivation itself due to the metallic compounds in the passivation. The coloring is therefore a side effect of the passivation.
  • the passivation based on trivalent chromium protects zinc coatings and thus optimizes the corrosion resistance of the coating systems.
  • the disadvantage of this type of surface coating is the low color variance.
  • galvanically deposited surface qualities and colors usually range from high gloss through various matt finishes to slightly anthracite and brownish tones due to modified electrolytes and processes.
  • the passivation layers can be (weakly) blue, yellow, black, olive or transparent.
  • the coloring is only a side effect, which is produced by the organic and inorganic complex compounds in the passivation.
  • the main aim of passivation is to improve the corrosion resistance of metal components.
  • the limitation of the color of galvanized chrome surfaces on plastic components was tolerated, although there was always a desire for more individuality, technical freedom in terms of design, and the color and structure of the surfaces.
  • the automotive industry in particular would like more freedom of color for metallic surfaces such as galvanic coatings.
  • DE 10233 120 A1 describes a technology in which a combination of paint, gas phase deposition such as a PVD coating and a tinted, i.e. weakly pigmented, paint is used.
  • EP 2369032 A1 Another technology is described in EP 2369032 A1, in which the metal layers to be deposited are deposited directly onto the substrate via PVD using special metal alloys. Here, however, a primer to promote adhesion and a subsequent, but then clear coating, is also necessary.
  • DE 102010019913 A9 also describes gas phase deposition by means of PVD and other technologies on plastic and metal with the aim of producing colored and at the same time metallic-looking surfaces. In this application, too, the deposited surface is and must be protected with a final coating.
  • EP 1 033416 A1 describes a method in which at least one anti-corrosion layer and an outer layer of zirconium, nitrogen, carbon and/or hafnium are deposited on a substrate by means of PVD coating, the outer layer being exposed to air or water forms a passive layer.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple, efficient and resource-saving or gentle technology propose to create a metallic corrosion-resistant and colored plastic component.
  • the components to be coated are first produced in a plastic injection molding process from a galvanisable plastic, preferably polyamide, particularly preferably from a galvanisable butadiene-containing copolymer such as ABS or ABS/PC.
  • a galvanisable plastic preferably polyamide, particularly preferably from a galvanisable butadiene-containing copolymer such as ABS or ABS/PC.
  • the components are chemically pretreated by direct metallization, particularly preferably by a conventional electroplating process, in order to be machined on this
  • a first thin and especially conductive metal layer usually a thin nickel or copper layer to deposit.
  • at least one further metal layer is then deposited electrolytically, which preferably represents a shiny or matt copper layer.
  • the first electrically conductive layer for the further electrolytic deposition can also take place by gas phase deposition such as PVD, CVD or PeCVD.
  • gas phase deposition such as PVD, CVD or PeCVD.
  • the special plastics that can be electroplated and the mostly chemical pretreatment can largely be dispensed with, and thus plastics that cannot be electroplated, such as polycarbonate, etc., can also be used.
  • a decorative zinc, nickel-zinc, chromium layer is applied to the additional metal layer.
  • Another development of the invention provides that the decorative zinc, nickel-zinc or chromium layers are also applied by vapor deposition such as PVD, CVD or PeCVD or the decorative layers are back-injected as metal or metal-coated foil inserts from the plastic substrate.
  • the design of the decorative layers in matt and glossy also allows direct influence on the desired appearance of the final layer.
  • the metal layers can be colored and passivated using organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. carbon compounds or metal salts.
  • a further top layer made of an inorganic, an organic or also a very thin and semi-transparent layer is finally applied to the decorative metal layer, which is applied by painting, powder coating, printing, dipping or by vapor deposition.
  • the layer sequence of at least one metallic and one organic or inorganic layer or as a layer sequence of at least one inorganic and one organic layer produces the desired color of the decorative plastic component in combination with the decorative metal layer.
  • the top layer may be exposed to a high level of wear, it must have high mechanical resistance and high media resistance.
  • an organic or inorganic polymer compound as a transparent, ceramic hard material layer, in particular from AISi x O y N z , AlO x N y , Al 2 O 3 or S1O 2 , as a top layer can be applied.
  • This hard material layer provides a transparent scratch protection layer on the colored and de- corative metal layer. It also acts as a barrier layer or diffusion protection layer, which further increases the chemical resistance of the underlying metal layers. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. In the drawings, the same reference numbers denote the same layers. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a process sequence of the subject according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the layer structure with process steps of a second object according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the layer structure with process steps of a third object according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the layer structure of an object according to the invention in a modified representation
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the layer structure of an object according to the invention in a further representation.
  • the object shown in FIG. 1 has a component (a) made from a plastic substrate (1) produced by injection molding.
  • the surface of the electroplatable plastic material (b) is prepared for the subsequent autocatalytic deposition of a first conductive base coating (3) in the form of a metal layer (c) by means of chemical pretreatment (2).
  • the first conductive metal layer (c) is applied by gas phase deposition, for example by PVD, CVD or PeCVD methods.
  • the first (base) coating (3) preferably consists of an element or a combination of several elements from the group zirconium, titanium, chromium, tin and zinc, copper or preferably nickel.
  • At least one further middle layer (d), preferably up to copper, is preferably deposited electrolytically on this first base coating (3), which has a leveling and connecting effect as a metallic intermediate layer (4). Copper is deposited from cyanide or sulfuric acid electrolytes. The gloss level of the surface can be adjusted from matt to glossy by adding substances.
  • a decorative layer (5) preferably made of nickel, is then applied electrolytically.
  • the degree of gloss of the surface of the decorative layer (5) can be adjusted from matt to glossy by adding organic substances. If the nickel layer is to be matt, special matt nickel electrolytes with finely dispersed solutions are used; in the case of bright nickel plating, special, organic bright nickel substances are used.
  • the decorative layer (5) can be formed from an element or a combination of several elements from the group zinc, zinc-nickel or chromium. In the case of zinc, it can be adjusted electrolytically from matt to bright as acidic electrolyte, alkaline cyanide-free electrolyte and alkaline cyanide-containing electrolyte.
  • the decorative layer (5) can also be applied directly electrolytically or physically while omitting the metallic intermediate layer (4) (e).
  • passivation means the spontaneous formation or targeted production of a non-metallic protective layer on a metallic material in order to prevent or greatly slow down the oxygen corrosion of the base material.
  • the layer (6) is colored by means of alternating current in a coloring electrolyte containing metal salts, the metal ions of which penetrate into the layer (6).
  • a dip dyeing process can also be used, in which the layer (6) is immersed in a dye bath. Color particles are deposited in the pores as a result of absorption.
  • a metallic, corrosion-resistant and colored plastic component can thus be produced (i).
  • the object shown in Figure 2 describes a basic structure of the coating according to the invention, in which a first metallic and conductive base coating (3) is deposited on the substrate (1) by conventional plastic electroplating pretreatment, by physical deposition or by direct metallization (2) and on this optionally an organic or metallic layer (4, 5) made of preferably copper is applied reinforcing, leveling and connecting, which receives the decorative zinc, zinc-nickel, nickel or chromium coating (6), which is treated by treating an organic or inorganic compound (7) can be passivated and colored.
  • a further coating of organic and inorganic polymer compounds (8) is provided on the substrate (1) by conventional plastic electroplating pretreatment, by physical deposition or by direct metallization (2) and on this optionally an organic or metallic layer (4, 5) made of preferably copper is applied reinforcing, leveling and connecting, which receives the decorative zinc, zinc-nickel, nickel or chromium coating (6), which is treated by treating an organic or inorganic compound (7) can be passivated and colored.
  • the object shown in FIG. 3 again comprises a substrate 1 made of plastic.
  • a first metallic and conductive base coating (3) is deposited on this by conventional plastic electroplating, by physical deposition or by direct metallization (2), on which an organic or metallic layer (4) made preferably of copper is optionally applied in a reinforcing, leveling and connecting manner.
  • another metal deposit made of preferably nickel or other metals (5) is applied, which receives the decorative zinc, zinc-nickel, nickel or chromium coating (6), obtained by treating an organic or inorganic ganic compound (7) can be passivated and colored.
  • organic and inorganic polymer compounds (8) To protect the metallic decorative layer from environmental influences or media attack, it is provided with a further coating of organic and inorganic polymer compounds (8).
  • galvanizing is not used as a functional layer but as a decorative layer.
  • the main aim of the passivation is to enable the storage of color pigments and thus to offer a wide color spectrum.
  • a wide variety of colors can be applied by the method according to the invention; from pink to violet, bronze to gold, etc.
  • the typical color solutions or color pigments from aluminum coloring are used.
  • the color pigments are not stored so deeply in the zinc surface, but only superficially.
  • an oxide layer is formed in the normal atmosphere. This oxide layer protects the metal. In order to increase the corrosion resistance, the oxide layer can be further developed or treated. While in the case of zinc the oxide layer of 20 to 300 nm is only minimally pronounced through a chemical conversion by means of passivation, the oxide layer in the case of aluminum can be formed electrolytically up to 30 ⁇ m. This is not possible with zinc; in the case of zinc, an oxide layer can only be formed chemically but not electrolytically. It has been found that the color pigments are only very superficially on the zinc surface due to the low level of the oxide layer; they can therefore be easily wiped off. The passivation layer with the embedded color pigments is therefore not smudge-proof.
  • the surface is not abrasion resistant. It is therefore protected from abrasion and scratches by applying a coating (8) using organic and/or inorganic polymer compounds and/or ceramic coatings and/or nanoparticles. After weighing up the effort required and the result achieved, the following process sequence has proven to be the most convincing after extensive series of tests:
  • the layer structure according to the invention is carried out on a component made of one
  • Substrate (1) consisting of plastic (a).
  • the component is subjected to a conventional plastic pre-treatment (2) by roughening and activation with palladium or also chrome-free coating (possibly also direct metallization) up to copper, whereby a copper layer (4) is produced in matt or shiny.
  • a nickel layer (5) is then produced. It is applied electrolytically.
  • the nickel layer has a thickness of 1 to 20 ⁇ m. It serves as a barrier layer to prevent zinc from diffusing into the copper and/or as a structuring layer, for example to achieve different matt tones and at the same time create a diffusion barrier. Consequently, the nickel layer (5) simultaneously serves as a diffusion barrier.
  • Zinc is then applied electrolytically, specifically in a thickness between 5 and 30 ⁇ m.
  • the zinc layer (6) can be deposited from a single or multi-stage process. The coating times are between 5 minutes and 2 hours at temperatures RT up to 40°C.
  • the component is then lightened in 0.3 to 1% nitric acid at temperatures from RT to 30°C; the duration is 5 seconds to 2 minutes.
  • the brightening effects a clarification of the surface of the zinc layer (6) in order to be able to deposit a subsequent passivating solution.
  • the component After the component has been brightened, it is passivated. It is passivated in trivalent chromium passivation solutions. These can vary from thin-layer and/or thick-layer passivation, depending on the desired layer thickness and color incorporation. The passivations can be applied from transparent to blue to thick-film passivation.
  • the component is then colored in inorganic and/or organic and/or electrolytic compounds (7) at a temperature of RT to 40 °C for a period of 5 seconds to 60 minutes.
  • the color pigments are only deposited superficially in the edge layer, the so-called conversion layer, which is only 20 nm to a maximum of 300 nm.
  • the coloring is preferably carried out in a dip tank. Dyeing is a separate process step.
  • a protective layer (8) made from organic and/or inorganic polymer compounds and/or nanocoat compounds and/or ceramic hybrid compounds.
  • This protective layer (8) is applied either by a dipping and/or a spraying process in a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m and serves not only to protect against abrasion but also to protect against UV rays.
  • the component can be dried and/or stored warm, so-called tempering
  • plastic components can be produced with any colored metallic coating.
  • the component is galvanized, among other things, according to the invention, then passivated and colored. Galvanizing is not used here for functional reasons, as is the case with metal components to prevent corrosion, but for decorative reasons. This approach is unusual because galvanizing is commonly used in the professional world as protection against corrosion.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant en matière plastique décoratif muni d'un revêtement pour la présentation de couches métalliques de couleur stables à la corrosion, comprenant un substrat constitué d'une matière plastique (a) sur lequel est déposée une première couche (c) et sur lequel est appliquée une couche de zinc, de zinc-nickel ou de nickel (e). La surface est colorée et rendue hermétique (f). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément décoratif en matière plastique.
EP22737601.9A 2021-06-19 2022-06-20 Composant en matière plastique décoratif et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant Pending EP4355927A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202021002143.4U DE202021002143U1 (de) 2021-06-19 2021-06-19 Dekoratives Kunststoffbauteil mit Zink, Zink-Nickel oder Nickelbeschichtung zur Darstellung optional farblicher, korrosionsstabiler Metallschichten
DE102021127112.6A DE102021127112A1 (de) 2021-06-19 2021-10-19 Dekoratives Kunststoffbauteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Bauteils
PCT/EP2022/066762 WO2022263681A2 (fr) 2021-06-19 2022-06-20 Composant en matière plastique décoratif et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4355927A2 true EP4355927A2 (fr) 2024-04-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22737601.9A Pending EP4355927A2 (fr) 2021-06-19 2022-06-20 Composant en matière plastique décoratif et procédé de fabrication d'un tel composant

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Country Link
US (1) US20240287682A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4355927A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022263681A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6245435B1 (en) 1999-03-01 2001-06-12 Moen Incorporated Decorative corrosion and abrasion resistant coating
DE10233120A1 (de) 2002-07-20 2004-02-05 Eichler Pulverbeschichtung Gmbh Dekorative universelle Oberflächenbeschichtung
DE50303475D1 (de) * 2003-06-07 2006-06-29 Galvano Roehrig Gmbh Zinkbeschichtung von elektrisch nicht leitenden Oberflächen
DE102010019913A1 (de) 2009-05-08 2010-12-30 Grohe Ag Verbundkörper mit dekorativer Hochglanzoberfläche
EP2369032B1 (fr) 2010-03-25 2012-08-22 Odelo GmbH Procédé de fabrication de surfaces colorées
WO2011142338A1 (fr) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 住友電気工業株式会社 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure d'aluminium, et structure d'aluminium
WO2012012789A1 (fr) * 2010-07-22 2012-01-26 Modumetal Llc Matériau et procédé de déposition électrochimique d'alliages en laiton nanostratifiés
DE202017000347U1 (de) * 2017-01-23 2017-02-15 Gerhardi Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Kunststoffbauteil mit galvanisierter und eloxierter Oberfläche zur Darstellung optional farblicher, korrosionsstabiler, dekorativer Metallschichten
DE102019101887A1 (de) * 2019-01-25 2020-07-30 Kunststofftechnik Bernt Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallisierten Kunststoffbauteils, sowie Kunststoffbauteil

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US20240287682A1 (en) 2024-08-29
WO2022263681A2 (fr) 2022-12-22
WO2022263681A3 (fr) 2023-02-09

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