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EP4206843A1 - Method for automatically creating installation-specific measurement profiles for an insulation monitoring system - Google Patents

Method for automatically creating installation-specific measurement profiles for an insulation monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4206843A1
EP4206843A1 EP22215439.5A EP22215439A EP4206843A1 EP 4206843 A1 EP4206843 A1 EP 4206843A1 EP 22215439 A EP22215439 A EP 22215439A EP 4206843 A1 EP4206843 A1 EP 4206843A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measurement
insulation monitoring
data
assistance
measurement data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP22215439.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4206843B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Hackl
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Bender GmbH and Co KG
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Bender GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP4206843A1 publication Critical patent/EP4206843A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
    • G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
    • G05B23/0256—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults injecting test signals and analyzing monitored process response, e.g. injecting the test signal while interrupting the normal operation of the monitored system; superimposing the test signal onto a control signal during normal operation of the monitored system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02—General constructional details
    • G01R1/025—General constructional details concerning dedicated user interfaces, e.g. GUI, or dedicated keyboards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3003—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored
    • G06F11/3013—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored where the computing system is an embedded system, i.e. a combination of hardware and software dedicated to perform a certain function in mobile devices, printers, automotive or aircraft systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3089—Monitoring arrangements determined by the means or processing involved in sensing the monitored data, e.g. interfaces, connectors, sensors, probes, agents
    • G06F11/3093—Configuration details thereof, e.g. installation, enabling, spatial arrangement of the probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/025—Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for automatically creating installation-specific measurement profiles for an insulation monitoring system in an electrical installation.
  • an unearthed power supply system - hereinafter referred to as electrical system - must be equipped with an insulation monitoring device (installation monitoring device - IMD) in order to monitor the insulation resistance of the electrical system and that To report the occurrence of an initial fault between a live part of the electrical system and a body of equipment (fault to frame) or to earth (fault to ground).
  • insulation monitoring devices specified in the product standard IEC 61557-8 and available on the market are often available in device variants for special applications with regard to a specific use or can be configured for a broader range of applications with measurement profiles stored in the device for approx. 80% of the applications.
  • a disadvantage of the insulation monitoring systems available according to the state of the art is that customer-specific, i.e. system-specific measurement profiles with suitable measurement profile parameters have to be created at great expense for applications with different requirements.
  • a basic measurement principle must first be selected, such as an asymmetry method or a pulse method, and for its digital implementation, sampling rates and filter limit frequencies as well as permissible interference limit values must be specified as measurement profile parameters.
  • the steps to be carried out manually by the experts to create a system-specific insulation monitoring device measurement profile on site usually begin with the analysis of the customer system in order to gain an overall understanding of the application. This is followed by a detailed analysis of the operating states in regular operation of the electrical system and the diagnosis of the effects of disturbance variables on the insulation monitoring. Based on the acquisition of measurement data, the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring device is observed in order to finally determine suitable measurement profile parameters that enable reliable, trouble-free use of the insulation monitoring device in the application at hand.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of describing a method that simplifies the steps to be carried out manually by experts to create a system-specific insulation monitoring device measurement profile on the customer's electrical system on site and, compared to the prior art, requires less personnel, time and costly designed.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to support the specialists working on site at the customer, who have application expertise but no in-depth knowledge in the field of insulation monitoring technology, in such a way that the technical equipment already available at the customer, such as smartphones and tablet PCs, including the sensors installed in them, is made technically usable as an assistance system when creating the system-specific insulation monitoring device measurement profile.
  • the acting person is computer program-controlled via the assistance system with instructions on how to carry out technical measures in order to be able to create system-specific insulation monitoring measurement profiles without the additional support of an expert for insulation monitoring technology.
  • the first step is a computer program-controlled assistance by means of the assistance system through guided instructions for recording technical and non-technical system data.
  • the assistance system presents the specialist working with the customer with a sequence of instructions that instruct the person to use technical data (physical variables) and non-technical data (typical system parameters and technical information) of the electrical system including the insulation monitoring system installed on the system.
  • the instructions for recording the system data are carried out in a semi-automated and/or automated manner by means of one or more sensor device(s).
  • This data acquisition outside of regular operation is done optically, acoustically or generally with acquisition sensors that are able to analyze objects relevant to the electrical system (e.g. nameplates or installed equipment) or technical effects and physical variables that occur (e.g. system noises, vibration curves of moving machine parts). or current/voltage curves).
  • the instructions for carrying out manual activities can be dialog-oriented in the sense of user guidance.
  • the best possible measurement profile stored in the insulation monitoring system can be selected, or the system data can be compared with the contents of a system database in order to determine in a pre-selection measurement profiles for insulation monitoring systems that have already been used successfully in comparable customer systems.
  • a computer program-controlled assistance takes place by means of the assistance system through guided instructions for operating the electrical system in a regular mode with changing operating states using the preselected one Measurement profile with acquisition of system measurement data and with synchronous recording of the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system by storing insulation monitoring system measurement data during regular operation.
  • the measurement data refers to the data that is recorded during normal operation, with a distinction being made between (general) system measurement data and (special) insulation monitoring system measurement data is made.
  • the instructions given by the assistance system in this step also prompt the specialist to carry out regular operation of the electrical system.
  • all possible, in particular the critical, operating states are run through with a periodically repeating sequence of these operating states, as is also to be expected in productive operation.
  • system measurement data are now recorded during normal operation using appropriately positioned sensors - preferably where fault-relevant system measurement data are to be expected.
  • the assessment of the measurement behavior i.e. the observation and evaluation of the reaction of the insulation monitoring system on the basis of the insulation monitoring system measurement data recorded during regular operation, can lead to the result that, firstly, a measurement profile has been determined through the pre-selection that leads to a satisfactory measurement behavior in all operating states and therefore there is no interference in the insulation monitoring system, or secondly, that a measurement profile was found through the pre-selection that does not work correctly in all operating states, or thirdly, that a measurement profile was determined through the pre-selection that does not lead to a satisfactory result in any of the operating states .
  • the insulation monitoring works satisfactorily with the preselected measurement profile and the task can be regarded as solved.
  • a strategy can consist of discarding the measured values determined in the critical operating states in order to avoid false alarm messages.
  • interference variables are determined from the system measurement data.
  • signals from the sensor devices relevant to interference are analyzed in the recorded system measurement data for each operating state in order to determine the interference components (interference variables) contained therein.
  • An electrical disturbance variable can be characterized, for example, by a conspicuous current or voltage curve (outliers) or the disturbance variable can be of a mechanical nature and become noticeable through conspicuous machine noises or machine vibrations.
  • the interference signals are recorded with suitable sensor devices and recognized with the aid of digital signal processing.
  • the normal operation is simulated with the preselected measurement profile using the system measurement data affected by the disturbance variables.
  • a simulated insulation monitoring is carried out on the basis of the insulation monitoring system installed on the electrical system with the pre-selected measurement profile and with the system measurement data affected by disturbance variables.
  • the preselected measurement profile is optimized by adjusting measurement profile parameters with regard to interference-resistant insulation monitoring.
  • the parameters of the pre-selected measurement profile are optimized with digital signal processing algorithms or by means of adaptive methods in such a way that the insulation monitoring system works trouble-free in all operating states.
  • the optimization process runs decentrally in the sensor device (edge computing) or the system and insulation monitoring system measurement data are forwarded to a central server for central evaluation via a network infrastructure, for example a radio network (cloud computing), with the transitions between " Edge” and “Cloud” can be fluid.
  • a network infrastructure for example a radio network (cloud computing)
  • cloud computing with the transitions between " Edge” and “Cloud” can be fluid.
  • the assistance system is a terminal device of the system operator in the form of a smartphone, a tablet PC, a notebook, virtual reality glasses (VR glasses) or augmented reality glasses (AR glasses) and the computer program-controlled assistance takes place using an application program that can be executed on the terminal device.
  • a terminal device of the system operator in the form of a smartphone, a tablet PC, a notebook, virtual reality glasses (VR glasses) or augmented reality glasses (AR glasses) and the computer program-controlled assistance takes place using an application program that can be executed on the terminal device.
  • VR glasses virtual reality glasses
  • AR glasses augmented reality glasses
  • Mobile terminals are preferably suitable for this purpose, with assistance applications available on the market (“app store”) being installed as application programs (“apps”) on the system operator's terminal.
  • the computer program-controlled assistance is advantageously supported by virtual reality methods (VR methods) and/or augmented reality methods (AR methods).
  • VR methods virtual reality methods
  • AR methods augmented reality methods
  • the instructions for action as well as recorded system data, system measurement data and insulation monitoring system measurement data can be visualized or projected directly at a desired point in the electrical system, so that the instructed activities can also be carried out by specialists without expert knowledge and without additional tools can become.
  • the system data and the system measurement data are preferably recorded by means of sensor devices installed in the assistance system.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • the system measurement data and the insulation monitoring system measurement data are preferably transmitted by means of a radio transmission link.
  • System measurement data and insulation monitoring system measurement data are transmitted to a central processing unit (server) via a radio interface in the assistance system, for example in the smartphone as the end device, in order to use insulation resistance simulations and AI applications to create a measurement profile optimized for the system operating states to create the insulation monitoring system and to test it using the bidirectional radio transmission path.
  • server central processing unit
  • the radio transmission link can be a wireless local area network (WLAN) or a mobile network (5G standard).
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • 5G standard a mobile network
  • the analysis, simulation and optimization processes are not necessarily carried out on the assistance system (smartphones of the plant operator), but can be transmitted to a suitable computer infrastructure (server) in the background via the radio transmission path and run there.
  • the monitoring task of the insulation monitoring system is fulfilled when fault-free measurement profile solutions are found for a sufficient number of operating states in the regular operation of the electrical system.
  • FIG 1 shows an electrical system 20 with an electrical machine 22 designed as an industrial robot 22.
  • a type plate is attached to the industrial robot 22, on which relevant parameters of the industrial robot 22 are noted as system data 10.
  • This system data 10 is recorded with a camera as a sensor device 6 of an assistance system 4 designed as a smartphone.
  • an application program 7 is installed on the smartphone 4, which instructs the user to record the system data 10 by computer program-controlled and user-guided verbal or pictorial instructions 9 on the screen of the smartphone 4.
  • the instructions 9 are supported by an AR process 8 .
  • control cabinet 24 shows a control cabinet 24 as a further component of the electrical system 20, in which one or more nameplate(s) with system data 10 of the devices installed in the control cabinet 24, such as an insulation monitoring system 26 ( 3 ), are attached.
  • This system data 10 is recorded according to the instructions 9 of the implemented application program 7 and with the support of an AR method 8 with the camera 6 of the assistance system 4 (smartphone).
  • Important system properties can be derived from the system data 10 contained on the rating plates, in particular the type designation, or from the image recording of an open control cabinet 24 .
  • the (parameter) settings of the insulation monitoring system 26 are recorded with regard to the creation, in particular when pre-selecting a measurement profile, guided by the application program 7 with the instructions 9 and supported by the AR -Procedure 8.
  • figure 5 shows the computer program-controlled acquisition of system measurement data 23 and the acquisition of insulation monitoring system measurement data 27 during regular operation of the electrical system 20.
  • a radio transmission link 12 is set up between the industrial robot 22 and the assistance system 4 and between the insulation monitoring system 26 and the assistance system 4 .
  • This radio transmission 12 is preferably based on a WLAN standard or a mobile radio standard.
  • the operating states of the industrial robot 22 that have been passed through in the regular operation of the system 20, together with the associated system measurement data 23, are transmitted from a sensor of the industrial robot 22, which is equipped with a radio module, to the assistance system 4 to determine disturbance variables.
  • a microphone as a sensor device 6 of the assistance system 4 can be used to record system measurement data 23 acoustically in the respective operating state.
  • insulation monitoring system measurement data 27 are transmitted to the assistance system 4 for evaluating the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system 26 .
  • This radio transmission path 12 can also be used to pre-select and test various measurement profiles already present in the insulation monitoring system 26 in a specific operating state with the aid of a computer program, and to evaluate the behavior of the insulation monitoring system 26 with the respective pre-selected measurement profile. This procedure is suitable for selecting the best possible existing measurement profile for this system operating state.
  • a microphone is used as a sensor device 6 of the assistance system 4 in order to determine the interference components that are mainly generated by low-frequency load fluctuations and are relevant for the measuring function of the insulation monitoring system 26, for example by means of a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT as application program 7).
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
  • system measurement data 23 can be transmitted to the assistance system 4 via the radio transmission link 12 .
  • a further assistance system 5 in the form of a second mobile terminal device 5 is arranged on the industrial robot 22 in order to record a specific operating state with a specific movement sequence of the industrial robot 22 .
  • the second mobile terminal 5 (smartphone) is equipped with an acceleration sensor as a sensor device 6 .
  • a magnetic field sensor near a power supply cable could also be used to identify critical noise components.
  • an infrared sensor on the smartphone camera also makes sense to identify critical load fluctuations.
  • Acceleration data as system measurement data 23 of the industrial robot 22 is transmitted via the radio transmission path 12 emanating from the second mobile terminal 5 to the assistance system 4 and evaluated there by means of the application program 7, for example an FFT.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur automatischen Erstellung von anlagenspezifischen Messprofilen für ein Isolationsüberwachungssystem (26), umfassend die Verfahrensschritte: Computerprogramm-gesteuertes Assistieren mittels eines Assistenzsystems (4) durch geführte Handlungsanweisungen (9) zum Erfassen von Anlagendaten (10) und Ausführen der Handlungsanweisungen (9) mittels einer oder mehrerer Sensoreinrichtung(en) (6), Computerprogramm-gestütztes Vor-Auswählen eines vorhandenen Messprofils, Computerprogramm-gesteuertes Assistieren mittels des Assistenzsystems (4) durch geführte Handlungsanweisungen zum Betreiben der elektrischen Anlage (20) in einem Regelbetrieb unter Anwendung des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils mit Erfassen von Anlagen-Messdaten (23) und mit synchronem Aufzeichnen des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems (26) während des Regelbetriebs, Bewerten des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems (26), Ermitteln von Störgrößen aus den Anlagen-Messdaten (23) und Simulieren des Regelbetriebs mit dem vorausgewählten Messprofil unter Anwendung der mit den Störgrößen behafteten Anlagen-Messdaten (23) und anschließendem Optimieren des vorausgewählten Messprofils durch Anpassen von Messprofil-Parametern im Hinblick auf eine störresistente Isolationsüberwachung.The invention relates to a method for the automatic creation of system-specific measurement profiles for an insulation monitoring system (26), comprising the method steps: computer program-controlled assistance by means of an assistance system (4) through guided instructions (9) for recording system data (10) and executing the instructions ( 9) by means of one or more sensor device(s) (6), computer-program-supported pre-selection of an existing measurement profile, computer-program-controlled assistance by means of the assistance system (4) through guided instructions for operating the electrical system (20) in a regular operation using the pre-selected measurement profile with acquisition of system measurement data (23) and with synchronous recording of the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system (26) during regular operation, evaluation of the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system (26), determination of disturbance variables from the system measurement data (23) and Simulating regular operation with the preselected measurement profile using the system measurement data (23) affected by the disturbance variables and then optimizing the preselected measurement profile by adapting measurement profile parameters with regard to interference-resistant insulation monitoring.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur automatischen Erstellung von anlagenspezifischen Messprofilen für ein Isolationsüberwachungssystem einer elektrischen Anlage.The invention relates to a method for automatically creating installation-specific measurement profiles for an insulation monitoring system in an electrical installation.

Nach der Norm DIN VDE 0100-410 bzw. IEC 60364-4-41 ist ein ungeerdetes Stromversorgungssystem - im Folgenden als elektrische Anlage bezeichnet - mit einem Isolationsüberwachungsgerät (installation monitoring device - IMD) auszurüsten, um den Isolationswiderstand der elektrischen Anlage zu überwachen und das Auftreten eines ersten Fehlers zwischen einem aktiven Teil der elektrischen Anlage und einem Körper eines Betriebsmittels (Körperschluss) oder gegen Erde (Erdschluss) zu melden. Die in der Produktnorm IEC 61557-8 spezifizierten und auf dem Markt verfügbaren Isolationsüberwachungsgeräte sind im Hinblick auf eine bestimmte Verwendung oftmals in Gerätevarianten für spezielle Anwendungen verfügbar oder für einen breiteren Einsatzbereich mit in dem Gerät hinterlegten Messprofilen für ca. 80 % der Anwendungen konfigurierbar.According to the DIN VDE 0100-410 or IEC 60364-4-41 standard, an unearthed power supply system - hereinafter referred to as electrical system - must be equipped with an insulation monitoring device (installation monitoring device - IMD) in order to monitor the insulation resistance of the electrical system and that To report the occurrence of an initial fault between a live part of the electrical system and a body of equipment (fault to frame) or to earth (fault to ground). The insulation monitoring devices specified in the product standard IEC 61557-8 and available on the market are often available in device variants for special applications with regard to a specific use or can be configured for a broader range of applications with measurement profiles stored in the device for approx. 80% of the applications.

Als Nachteil der nach dem Stand der Technik verfügbaren Isolationsüberwachungssysteme erweist sich, dass für Anwendungen mit abweichenden Anforderungen unter hohem Aufwand kundenspezifische, d.h. anlagenspezifische Messprofile mit geeigneten Messprofil-Parametern erstellt werden müssen.A disadvantage of the insulation monitoring systems available according to the state of the art is that customer-specific, i.e. system-specific measurement profiles with suitable measurement profile parameters have to be created at great expense for applications with different requirements.

Beispielsweise muss zunächst ein grundsätzliches Messprinzip ausgewählt werden, wie z.B. ein Unsymmetrieverfahren oder ein Impulsverfahren, und für dessen digitale Implementierung sind Abtastraten und Filtergrenzfrequenzen sowie zulässige Störgrenzwerte als Messprofil-Parameter festzulegen.For example, a basic measurement principle must first be selected, such as an asymmetry method or a pulse method, and for its digital implementation, sampling rates and filter limit frequencies as well as permissible interference limit values must be specified as measurement profile parameters.

Die Einstellung der Messprofil-Parameter erfordert daher zeit- und kostenintensive Serviceeinsätze von Experten vor Ort an der elektrischen Anlage des Kunden. Die manuell von den Experten durchzuführenden Schritte zur Erstellung eines anlagenspezifischen Isolationsüberwachungsgeräte-Messprofils vor Ort beginnen dabei in der Regel mit der Analyse der Kundenanlage, um ein Gesamtverständnis für die Anwendung zu erlangen. Darauf folgen eine detaillierte Analyse der Betriebszustände im Regelbetrieb der elektrischen Anlage und die Diagnose der Auswirkungen von Störgrößen auf die Isolationsüberwachung. Anhand der Erfassung von Messdaten wird das Messverhalten des Isolations-überwachungsgeräts beobachtet, um abschließend geeignete Messprofil-parameter zu ermitteln, die einen zuverlässigen, störungsfreien Isolationsüberwachungsgeräteeinsatz in der vorliegenden Anwendung ermöglichen.Setting the measurement profile parameters therefore requires time-consuming and costly service calls from experts on site at the customer's electrical system. The steps to be carried out manually by the experts to create a system-specific insulation monitoring device measurement profile on site usually begin with the analysis of the customer system in order to gain an overall understanding of the application. This is followed by a detailed analysis of the operating states in regular operation of the electrical system and the diagnosis of the effects of disturbance variables on the insulation monitoring. Based on the acquisition of measurement data, the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring device is observed in order to finally determine suitable measurement profile parameters that enable reliable, trouble-free use of the insulation monitoring device in the application at hand.

In personal- und damit kostenintensiver Weise erfolgt bislang das Auswählen einer Isolationsüberwachungsgerätevariante, die am besten für die gewünschte Anwendung geeignet erscheint, durch Vertriebsmitarbeiter, Servicemitarbeiter oder Produktmanager, um anschließend durch diesen Personenkreis eine mit erheblichem Zeitaufwand verbundene manuelle Anpassung der Isolationsüberwachungsgeräte-Messprofilparameter vornehmen zu können.In a personnel-intensive and therefore cost-intensive manner, the selection of an insulation monitoring device variant that appears to be best suited for the desired application has so far been carried out by sales employees, service employees or product managers, in order to then be able to carry out a manual adjustment of the insulation monitoring device measurement profile parameters by this group of people, which involves a considerable amount of time .

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu beschreiben, welches die manuell von Experten durchzuführenden Schritte zur Erstellung eines anlagenspezifischen Isolationsüberwachungsgeräte-Messprofils an der elektrischen Anlage des Kunden vor Ort vereinfacht und gegenüber dem Stand der Technik weniger personal-, zeit- und kostenintensiv gestaltet.The present invention is therefore based on the object of describing a method that simplifies the steps to be carried out manually by experts to create a system-specific insulation monitoring device measurement profile on the customer's electrical system on site and, compared to the prior art, requires less personnel, time and costly designed.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of the method according to claim 1 according to the invention.

Der Grundgedanke der vorliegenden Erfindung beruht darauf, die bei dem Kunden vor Ort tätigen Fachkräfte, welche zwar eine Anwendungsexpertise, jedoch keine tiefgreifenden Kenntnisse auf dem Gebiet der Isolationsüberwachungstechnik besitzen, in der Weise zu unterstützen, dass die bereits beim Kunden vorhandene technische Ausstattung, beispielsweise Smartphones und Tablet-PCs einschließlich der darin verbauten Sensorik, als Assistenzsystem bei der Erstellung des anlagenspezifischen Isolationsüberwachungsgeräte-Messprofils technisch nutzbar gemacht wird. Dazu wird die handelnde Person Computerprogramm-gesteuert über das Assistenzsystem mit Handlungsanweisungen zur Ausführung von technischen Maßnahmen angeleitet, um ohne zusätzliche Unterstützung eines Experten für Isolationsüberwachungstechnik anlagenspezifische Isolationsüberwachungs-Messprofile erstellen zu können.The basic idea of the present invention is to support the specialists working on site at the customer, who have application expertise but no in-depth knowledge in the field of insulation monitoring technology, in such a way that the technical equipment already available at the customer, such as smartphones and tablet PCs, including the sensors installed in them, is made technically usable as an assistance system when creating the system-specific insulation monitoring device measurement profile. For this purpose, the acting person is computer program-controlled via the assistance system with instructions on how to carry out technical measures in order to be able to create system-specific insulation monitoring measurement profiles without the additional support of an expert for insulation monitoring technology.

Um eine Analyse der elektrischen Anlage des Kunden durchzuführen, erfolgt in einem ersten Schritt ein Computerprogramm-gesteuertes Assistieren mittels des Assistenzsystems durch geführte Handlungsanweisungen zum Erfassen von technischen und nicht technischen Anlagendaten.In order to carry out an analysis of the customer's electrical system, the first step is a computer program-controlled assistance by means of the assistance system through guided instructions for recording technical and non-technical system data.

Über das Assistenzsystem wird der bei dem Kunden tätigen Fachkraft eine Abfolge von Handlungsanweisungen präsentiert, die die Person dazu anleitet, technische Daten (physikalische Größen) und nicht technische Daten (typische Anlagenkenngrößen und technische Angaben) der elektrischen Anlage einschließlich des an der Anlage installierten Isolationsüberwachungssystems zu erfassen.The assistance system presents the specialist working with the customer with a sequence of instructions that instruct the person to use technical data (physical variables) and non-technical data (typical system parameters and technical information) of the electrical system including the insulation monitoring system installed on the system.

Gemäß den durch das Assistenzsystem Computerprogramm-gesteuert vorgegebenen Handlungsanweisungen erfolgt ein teilautomatisiertes und/oder automatisiertes Ausführen der Handlungsanweisungen zum Erfassen der Anlagendaten mittels einer oder mehrerer Sensoreinrichtung(en).According to the instructions given by the assistance system under computer program control, the instructions for recording the system data are carried out in a semi-automated and/or automated manner by means of one or more sensor device(s).

Diese Datenerfassung außerhalb des Regelbetriebs erfolgt optisch, akustisch oder allgemein mit einer Erfassungssensorik, die in der Lage ist, für die Analyse der elektrischen Anlage relevante Objekte (beispielsweise Typenschilder oder verbaute Betriebsmittel) oder auftretende technische Effekte und physikalische Größen (beispielsweise Anlagengeräusche, Schwingungsverläufe bewegter Maschinenteile oder Strom-/Spannungsverläufe) aufzunehmen. Bei der teilautomatisierten Ausführung der Handlungsanweisungen kann das Anleiten zum Ausführen von manuellen Tätigkeiten dialogorientiert im Sinne einer Benutzerführung erfolgen.This data acquisition outside of regular operation is done optically, acoustically or generally with acquisition sensors that are able to analyze objects relevant to the electrical system (e.g. nameplates or installed equipment) or technical effects and physical variables that occur (e.g. system noises, vibration curves of moving machine parts). or current/voltage curves). In the case of the partially automated execution of the instructions, the instructions for carrying out manual activities can be dialog-oriented in the sense of user guidance.

Basierend auf den so erfassten Anlagendaten erfolgt ein Computerprogramm-gestütztes Vor-Auswählen eines vorhandenen Messprofils.Based on the system data recorded in this way, a computer program-aided pre-selection of an existing measurement profile takes place.

Dazu kann ein in dem Isolationsüberwachungssystem hinterlegtes, bestmögliches Messprofil ausgewählt werden oder die Anlagendaten werden mit Inhalten in einer Anlagendatenbank verglichen, um bereits in vergleichbaren Kundenanlagen erfolgreich zum Einsatz gekommene Messprofile für Isolationsüberwachungssysteme in einer Vorselektion zu ermitteln.For this purpose, the best possible measurement profile stored in the insulation monitoring system can be selected, or the system data can be compared with the contents of a system database in order to determine in a pre-selection measurement profiles for insulation monitoring systems that have already been used successfully in comparable customer systems.

In einem nächsten Schritt erfolgt ein Computerprogramm-gesteuertes Assistieren mittels des Assistenzsystems durch geführte Handlungsanweisungen zum Betreiben der elektrischen Anlage in einem Regelbetrieb mit wechselnden Betriebszuständen unter Anwendung des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils mit Erfassen von Anlagen-Messdaten und mit synchronem Aufzeichnen des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems mittels Speicherung von Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten während des Regelbetriebs.In a next step, a computer program-controlled assistance takes place by means of the assistance system through guided instructions for operating the electrical system in a regular mode with changing operating states using the preselected one Measurement profile with acquisition of system measurement data and with synchronous recording of the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system by storing insulation monitoring system measurement data during regular operation.

Im Unterschied zu den in dem ersten Schritt erfassten Anlagendaten, welche Daten betreffen, die außerhalb des Regelbetriebs zur Analyse der elektrischen Anlage erhoben werden, bezeichnen die Messdaten diejenigen Daten, die während des Regelbetriebs erfasst werden, wobei eine Unterscheidung in (allgemeine) Anlagen-Messdaten und (spezielle) Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten vorgenommen wird.In contrast to the system data recorded in the first step, which relates to data that is collected outside of regular operation to analyze the electrical system, the measurement data refers to the data that is recorded during normal operation, with a distinction being made between (general) system measurement data and (special) insulation monitoring system measurement data is made.

Die auch in diesem Schritt von dem Assistenzsystem vorgegebenen Handlungsanweisungen veranlassen die Fachkraft einen Regelbetrieb der elektrischen Anlage durchzuführen. Dabei erfolgt ein Durchfahren aller möglichen, insbesondere der kritischen, Betriebszustände mit einer periodisch sich wiederholenden Reihenfolge dieser Betriebszustände wie dies auch im Produktivbetrieb zu erwarten ist.The instructions given by the assistance system in this step also prompt the specialist to carry out regular operation of the electrical system. In this case, all possible, in particular the critical, operating states are run through with a periodically repeating sequence of these operating states, as is also to be expected in productive operation.

Neben den in dem ersten Schritt außerhalb des Regelbetriebs durchgeführte Erfassung von technischen und nicht technischen Anlagendaten zur Analyse werden nun während des Regelbetriebs Anlagen-Messdaten anhand entsprechend positionierter Sensorik erfasst - vorzugsweise dort, wo störungsrelevante Anlagen-Messdaten zu erwarten sind.In addition to the recording of technical and non-technical system data for analysis carried out in the first step outside of normal operation, system measurement data are now recorded during normal operation using appropriately positioned sensors - preferably where fault-relevant system measurement data are to be expected.

Damit werden voneinander unterscheidbare Anlagenbetriebszustände mit ihren jeweiligen Anlagen-Messdaten sowie die zeitliche Abfolge der Betriebszustände erfasst. Eine dem jeweiligen Betriebszustand zugeordnete mögliche Störbeeinflussung des Isolationsüberwachungssystems wird durch synchrones Aufzeichnen des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems mittels Speicherung von Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten während des Regelbetriebs festgehalten.This means that system operating states that can be distinguished from one another are recorded with their respective system measurement data and the chronological sequence of the operating states. A possible interference of the insulation monitoring system associated with the respective operating state is recorded by synchronously recording the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system by storing insulation monitoring system measurement data during regular operation.

Dann erfolgt ein Bewerten des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems.Then the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system is evaluated.

Die Bewertung des Messverhaltens, also die Beobachtung und Auswertung der Reaktion des Isolationsüberwachsungssystems auf Basis der in dem Regelbetrieb aufgezeichneten Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten kann dabei zu dem Ergebnis führen, dass erstens durch die Vorselektion ein Messprofil bestimmt wurde, das zu einem zufriedenstellenden Messverhalten in allen Betriebszuständen führt und somit keine Störbeeinflussung des Isolationsüberwachungssystems stattfindet, oder zweitens, dass durch die Vorselektion ein Messprofil gefunden wurde, das nicht in allen Betriebszuständen störungsfrei arbeitet, oder drittens, dass durch die Vorselektion ein Messprofil bestimmt wurde, das in keinem der Betriebszustände zu einem zufriedenstellenden Ergebnis führt.The assessment of the measurement behavior, i.e. the observation and evaluation of the reaction of the insulation monitoring system on the basis of the insulation monitoring system measurement data recorded during regular operation, can lead to the result that, firstly, a measurement profile has been determined through the pre-selection that leads to a satisfactory measurement behavior in all operating states and therefore there is no interference in the insulation monitoring system, or secondly, that a measurement profile was found through the pre-selection that does not work correctly in all operating states, or thirdly, that a measurement profile was determined through the pre-selection that does not lead to a satisfactory result in any of the operating states .

In dem ersten Fall arbeitet die Isolationsüberwachung mit dem vorselektierten Messprofil zufriedenstellend und die Aufgabe kann als gelöst betrachtet werden.In the first case, the insulation monitoring works satisfactorily with the preselected measurement profile and the task can be regarded as solved.

In dem zweiten Fall kann aufgrund der in den meisten Betriebszuständen hinreichend zuverlässig arbeitenden Isolationsüberwachung eine Strategie darin bestehen, bei den kritischen Betriebszuständen die ermittelten Messwerte zu verwerfen, um Fehlalarmmeldungen zu vermeiden.In the second case, due to the fact that the insulation monitoring works sufficiently reliably in most operating states, a strategy can consist of discarding the measured values determined in the critical operating states in order to avoid false alarm messages.

Falls sich jedoch, wie im dritten Fall, das Messverhalten in allen oder in der überwiegenden Anzahl der Betriebszustände als störanfällig erweist, erfolgt ein Ermitteln von Störgrößen aus den Anlagen-Messdaten.If, however, as in the third case, the measurement behavior proves to be susceptible to interference in all or in the majority of the operating states, interference variables are determined from the system measurement data.

Dazu werden mithilfe von Methoden der digitalen Signalverarbeitung wie beispielsweise digitalen Filter- oder Transformationsalgorithmen, störungsrelevant Signale der Sensoreinrichtungen in den erfassten Anlagen-Messdaten für jeden Betriebszustand analysiert, um die darin enthaltenen Störanteile (Störgrößen) zu ermitteln.For this purpose, using methods of digital signal processing such as digital filter or transformation algorithms, signals from the sensor devices relevant to interference are analyzed in the recorded system measurement data for each operating state in order to determine the interference components (interference variables) contained therein.

Eine elektrische Störgröße kann sich beispielsweise durch einen auffälligen Strom- oder Spannungsverlauf (Ausreißer) auszeichnen oder die Störgröße kann mechanischer Natur sein und sich durch auffällige Maschinengeräusche oder Maschinenschwingungen bemerkbar machen. Mit geeigneten Sensoreinrichtungen werden die Störsignale erfasst und mit Hilfe der digitalen Signalverarbeitung erkannt.An electrical disturbance variable can be characterized, for example, by a conspicuous current or voltage curve (outliers) or the disturbance variable can be of a mechanical nature and become noticeable through conspicuous machine noises or machine vibrations. The interference signals are recorded with suitable sensor devices and recognized with the aid of digital signal processing.

Anschließend erfolgt ein Simulieren des Regelbetriebs mit dem vor-ausgewählten Messprofil unter Anwendung der mit den Störgrößen behafteten Anlagen-Messdaten.Subsequently, the normal operation is simulated with the preselected measurement profile using the system measurement data affected by the disturbance variables.

Es wird eine simulierte Isolationsüberwachung auf der Basis des an der elektrischen Anlage installierten Isolationsüberwachungssystems mit dem vor-ausgewählten Messprofil und mit den Störgrößen-behafteten Anlagen-Messdaten durchgeführt.A simulated insulation monitoring is carried out on the basis of the insulation monitoring system installed on the electrical system with the pre-selected measurement profile and with the system measurement data affected by disturbance variables.

Abschließend erfolgt ein Optimieren des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils durch Anpassen von Messprofil-Parametern im Hinblick auf eine störresistente Isolationsüberwachung.Finally, the preselected measurement profile is optimized by adjusting measurement profile parameters with regard to interference-resistant insulation monitoring.

Mit digitalen Signalverarbeitungsalgorithmen oder mittels adaptiver Verfahren werden die Parameter des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils so optimiert, dass das Isolationsüberwachungssystem in allen Betriebszuständen störungsfrei arbeitet.The parameters of the pre-selected measurement profile are optimized with digital signal processing algorithms or by means of adaptive methods in such a way that the insulation monitoring system works trouble-free in all operating states.

Der Optimierungsprozess läuft dabei dezentral in der Sensoreinrichtung (Edge-Computing) ab oder die Anlagen- und Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten werden zur zentralen Auswertung über eine Netzinfrastruktur, beispielsweise ein Funknetz, an einen zentralen Server weitergeleitet (Cloud-Computing), wobei die Übergänge zwischen "Edge" und "Cloud" fließend sein können.The optimization process runs decentrally in the sensor device (edge computing) or the system and insulation monitoring system measurement data are forwarded to a central server for central evaluation via a network infrastructure, for example a radio network (cloud computing), with the transitions between " Edge" and "Cloud" can be fluid.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist das Assistenzsystem ein Endgerät des Anlagenbetreibers in Form eines Smartphones, eines Tablet-PCs, eines Notebooks, einer Virtual Reality Brille (VR-Brille) oder Augmented Reality Brille (AR-Brille) und das Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Assistieren erfolgt mittels eines auf dem Endgerät ausführbaren Anwendungsprogramms.In a further advantageous embodiment, the assistance system is a terminal device of the system operator in the form of a smartphone, a tablet PC, a notebook, virtual reality glasses (VR glasses) or augmented reality glasses (AR glasses) and the computer program-controlled assistance takes place using an application program that can be executed on the terminal device.

Im Sinne der aufgabengemäßen personal-, kosten und zeiteffizienten Erstellung des anlagenspezifischen Messprofils wird auf die bei dem Anlagenbetreiber vorhandene Technik und Sensorik zurückgegriffen. Vorzugsweise eignen sich dazu mobile Endgeräte, wobei auf dem Markt ("App Store") verfügbare Assistenzanwendungen als Anwendungsprogramme ("Apps") auf dem Endgerät des Anlagenbetreibers installiert werden.In terms of creating the system-specific measurement profile in a way that is efficient in terms of personnel, costs and time, the system operator's existing technology and sensors are used. Mobile terminals are preferably suitable for this purpose, with assistance applications available on the market (“app store”) being installed as application programs (“apps”) on the system operator's terminal.

Die weitgehende Verfügbarkeit und die zunehmende Verbreitung mobiler Endgeräte führen in Verbindung mit der zunehmenden Digitalisierung industrieller Prozesse zu einer gesteigerten Effizienz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The widespread availability and increasing spread of mobile terminals, in connection with the increasing digitization of industrial processes, lead to increased efficiency of the method according to the invention.

Mit Vorteil wird das Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Assistieren durch Virtual Reality Verfahren (VR-Verfahren) und/oder Augmented Reality Verfahren (AR-Verfahren) unterstützt.The computer program-controlled assistance is advantageously supported by virtual reality methods (VR methods) and/or augmented reality methods (AR methods).

Mit den VR- oder AR-Verfahren lassen sich die Handlungsanweisungen sowie erfasste Anlagendaten, Anlagen-Messdaten und Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten direkt an einer gewünschten Stelle der elektrischen Anlage visualisieren bzw. projizieren, sodass die angewiesenen Tätigkeiten auch ohne Expertenwissen und ohne weitere Hilfsmittel von Fachkräften durchgeführt werden können.With the VR or AR methods, the instructions for action as well as recorded system data, system measurement data and insulation monitoring system measurement data can be visualized or projected directly at a desired point in the electrical system, so that the instructed activities can also be carried out by specialists without expert knowledge and without additional tools can become.

Bevorzugt erfolgt das Erfassen der Anlagendaten sowie der Anlagen-Messdaten mittels in dem Assistenzsystem verbauter Sensoreinrichtungen.The system data and the system measurement data are preferably recorded by means of sensor devices installed in the assistance system.

Da bekannte als Assistenzsystem verwendete, insbesondere mobile, Endgeräte (Smartphones) zu einem überwiegenden Teil bereits mit optischen, akustischen oder Bewegungs- und haptischen Sensoren ausgestattet sind, kann diese Sensorik effizient zur Erfassung der Anlagendaten und der Anlagen-Messdaten genutzt werden.The majority of the known end devices (smartphones) used as assistance systems, in particular mobile ones, are already equipped with optical, acoustic or movement and haptic sensors are, these sensors can be used efficiently to record the system data and the system measurement data.

Alternativ und ergänzend zu der bereits an dem Assistenzsystem (Endgerät) vorhandenen Sensorik können - wie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt - separate, an einer elektrischen Maschine angebrachte und vorzugsweise über eine Funkübertragung angebundene Sensoren die Anlagen-Messdaten erfassen.As an alternative and in addition to the sensors already present on the assistance system (terminal), separate sensors attached to an electrical machine and preferably connected via radio transmission can capture the system measurement data, as is known from the prior art.

Bevorzugt werden bei dem Optimieren des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils durch Anpassen von Messprofil-Parametern Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) angewendet.When optimizing the preselected measurement profile by adapting measurement profile parameters, artificial intelligence (AI) methods are preferably used.

Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz ermöglichen durch Erkennen von Korrelationen in Daten aus der Vergangenheit, wie beispielsweise in vorhandenen Daten aus der Isolationsüberwachung ähnlicher elektrischen Anlagen, Entscheidungsregeln für die Optimierung der Messprofil-Parameter in der aktuellen Überwachungssituation aufzustellen.By recognizing correlations in data from the past, such as in existing data from the insulation monitoring of similar electrical systems, methods of artificial intelligence enable decision-making rules to be set up for the optimization of the measurement profile parameters in the current monitoring situation.

Vorzugsweise erfolgt eine Übertragung der Anlagen-Messdaten und der Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten mittels einer Funkübertragungsstrecke.The system measurement data and the insulation monitoring system measurement data are preferably transmitted by means of a radio transmission link.

Über eine in dem Assistenzsystem, beispielsweise in dem Smartphone als Endgerät, vorhandene Funkschnittstelle werden Anlagen-Messdaten und Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten an eine zentrale Recheneinheit (Server) übermittelt, um mit Hilfe von Isolationswiderstands-Simulationen und KI-Anwendungen ein für die Anlagenbetriebszustände optimiertes Messprofil für das Isolationsüberwachungssystem zu erstellen und mittels der bidirektionalen Funkübertragungsstrecke zu testen.System measurement data and insulation monitoring system measurement data are transmitted to a central processing unit (server) via a radio interface in the assistance system, for example in the smartphone as the end device, in order to use insulation resistance simulations and AI applications to create a measurement profile optimized for the system operating states to create the insulation monitoring system and to test it using the bidirectional radio transmission path.

Die Funkübertragungsstrecke kann ein drahtloses lokales Funknetz (WLAN) oder ein Mobilfunknetz (5G-Standard) sein.The radio transmission link can be a wireless local area network (WLAN) or a mobile network (5G standard).

Die Analyse-, Simulations- und Optimierungsprozesse werden nicht zwingend auf dem Assistenzsystem (Smartphones des Anlagenbetreibers) ausgeführt, sondern können mittels der Funkübertragungsstrecke an eine geeignete Rechnerinfrastruktur (Server) im Hintergrund übermittelt werden und dort ablaufen.The analysis, simulation and optimization processes are not necessarily carried out on the assistance system (smartphones of the plant operator), but can be transmitted to a suitable computer infrastructure (server) in the background via the radio transmission path and run there.

Die Überwachungsaufgabe des Isolationsüberwachungssystems ist dann erfüllt, wenn störungsfrei arbeitende Messprofil-Lösungen für eine hinreichende Anzahl von Betriebszuständen in dem Regelbetrieb der elektrischen Anlage gefunden werden.The monitoring task of the insulation monitoring system is fulfilled when fault-free measurement profile solutions are found for a sufficient number of operating states in the regular operation of the electrical system.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsmerkmale ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen, die eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung anhand von Beispielen erläutern. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Eine Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagendaten - Bildaufnahme eines Typenschilds eines Industrieroboters,
Fig. 2
eine Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagendaten - Bildaufnahme eines Typenschilds eines Schaltschranks,
Fig.3
eine Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagendaten - Bildaufnahme von Einstellungen des Isolationsüberwachungssystems,
Fig. 4
eine Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagendaten - Bildaufnahme von Anlagendaten,
Fig. 5
eine Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von AnlagenMessdaten und Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten - Bildaufnahme von Betriebszuständen und Messverhalten,
Fig. 6
eine Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagen- und Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten mit Funkübertragung,
Fig. 7
ein Ermitteln von Störgrößen mittels Sensoreinrichtungen und digitaler Signalverarbeitung und
Fig. 8
ein Ermitteln von Störgrößen mittels eines zweiten mobilen Endgeräts und digitaler Signalverarbeitung.
Further advantageous design features result from the following description and the drawings, which explain a preferred embodiment of the invention using examples. Show it:
1
A computer program-controlled acquisition of system data - image recording of a type plate of an industrial robot,
2
a computer program-controlled acquisition of system data - image recording of a type plate of a control cabinet,
Fig.3
a computer program-controlled acquisition of system data - image recording of settings of the insulation monitoring system,
4
a computer program-controlled acquisition of system data - image recording of system data,
figure 5
a computer program-controlled acquisition of system measurement data and insulation monitoring system measurement data - image recording of operating states and measurement behavior,
6
a computer program-controlled acquisition of system and insulation monitoring system measurement data with radio transmission,
7
a determination of disturbances by means of sensor devices and digital signal processing and
8
a determination of disturbances by means of a second mobile terminal device and digital signal processing.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine elektrischen Anlage 20 mit einer als Industrieroboter 22 ausgebildeten elektrischen Maschine 22. 1 shows an electrical system 20 with an electrical machine 22 designed as an industrial robot 22.

An dem Industrieroboter 22 ist ein Typenschild angebracht, auf welchem relevante Kenngrößen des Industrieroboters 22 als Anlagendaten 10 vermerkt sind. Mit einer Kamera als Sensoreinrichtung 6 eines als Smartphone ausgeführten Assistenzsystems 4 werden diese Anlagendaten 10 erfasst. Dazu ist auf dem Smartphone 4 ein Anwendungsprogramm 7 installiert, welches durch Computerprogramm-gesteuerte und Benutzergeführte verbale oder bildliche Handlungsanweisungen 9 auf dem Bildschirm des Smartphones 4 den Benutzer zum Erfassen der Anlagendaten 10 anleitet. Die Handlungsanweisungen 9 werden durch ein AR-Verfahren 8 unterstützt.A type plate is attached to the industrial robot 22, on which relevant parameters of the industrial robot 22 are noted as system data 10. This system data 10 is recorded with a camera as a sensor device 6 of an assistance system 4 designed as a smartphone. For this purpose, an application program 7 is installed on the smartphone 4, which instructs the user to record the system data 10 by computer program-controlled and user-guided verbal or pictorial instructions 9 on the screen of the smartphone 4. The instructions 9 are supported by an AR process 8 .

Fig. 2 zeigt als weiteren Bestandteil der elektrischen Anlage 20 einen Schaltschrank 24, in dem ein oder mehrere Typenschild(er) mit Anlagendaten 10 der in dem Schaltschrank 24 verbauten Geräte, wie beispielsweise ein Isolationsüberwachungssystem 26 (Fig. 3), angebracht sind. 2 shows a control cabinet 24 as a further component of the electrical system 20, in which one or more nameplate(s) with system data 10 of the devices installed in the control cabinet 24, such as an insulation monitoring system 26 ( 3 ), are attached.

Diese Anlagendaten 10 werden gemäß den Handlungsanweisungen 9 des implementierten Anwendungsprogramms 7 und mit Unterstützung eines AR-Verfahrens 8 mit der Kamera 6 des Assistenzsystems 4 (Smartphone) erfasst.This system data 10 is recorded according to the instructions 9 of the implemented application program 7 and with the support of an AR method 8 with the camera 6 of the assistance system 4 (smartphone).

Aus den auf den Typenschildern enthaltenen Anlagendaten 10, insbesondere der Typenbezeichnung, oder aus der Bildaufnahme eines geöffneten Schaltschrankes 24 können wichtige Anlageneigenschaften abgeleitet werden.Important system properties can be derived from the system data 10 contained on the rating plates, in particular the type designation, or from the image recording of an open control cabinet 24 .

Insbesondere werden, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, als Anlagendaten 10, Einstellungen des in dem Schaltschrank 24 verbauten Isolationsüberwachungssystems 26 mit der Kamera 6 aufgenommen.In particular, as in 3 shown, recorded as system data 10, settings of the insulation monitoring system 26 installed in the control cabinet 24 with the camera 6.

Im Zuge der Analyse der elektrischen Anlage 20 erfolgt im Hinblick auf die Erstellung, insbesondere bei der Vor-Auswahl eines Messprofils, eine Erfassung der (Parameter-)Einstellungen des Isolationsüberwachungssystems 26, angeleitet von dem Anwendungsprogramm 7 mit den Handlungsanweisungen 9 und unterstützt durch das AR-Verfahren 8.In the course of the analysis of the electrical system 20, the (parameter) settings of the insulation monitoring system 26 are recorded with regard to the creation, in particular when pre-selecting a measurement profile, guided by the application program 7 with the instructions 9 and supported by the AR -Procedure 8.

Fig. 4 zeigt in gleicher Weise die Erfassung weiterer Anlagendaten 10 der in dem Schaltschrank 24 installierten Betriebsmittel mit der Kamera 6 des Assistenzsystems 4. 4 shows in the same way the acquisition of further system data 10 of the equipment installed in the control cabinet 24 with the camera 6 of the assistance system 4.

Fig. 5 zeigt die Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagen-Messdaten 23 sowie die Erfassung von Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten 27 während des Regelbetriebs der elektrischen Anlage 20. figure 5 shows the computer program-controlled acquisition of system measurement data 23 and the acquisition of insulation monitoring system measurement data 27 during regular operation of the electrical system 20.

Mit der Kamera 6 des Assistenzsystems 4 werden gemäß den Handlungsanweisungen 9 sowohl Anlagen-Messdaten 23 des Industrieroboters 22 und der in dem Schaltschrank 24 verbauten Geräte als auch Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten 27 des Isolationsüberwachungssystems 26 erfasst.With the camera 6 of the assistance system 4 both system measurement data 23 of the industrial robot 22 and the devices installed in the control cabinet 24 and insulation monitoring system measurement data 27 of the insulation monitoring system 26 are recorded according to the instructions 9 .

In Fig. 6 ist die Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Erfassung von Anlagen-Messdaten 23 und von Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten 27 während des Regelbetriebs in Verbindung mit Funkübertragungsstrecken 12 dargestellt.In 6 the computer program-controlled acquisition of system measurement data 23 and insulation monitoring system measurement data 27 during regular operation in connection with radio transmission paths 12 is shown.

Dazu wird zwischen dem Industrieroboter 22 und dem Assistenzsystem 4 sowie zwischen dem Isolationsüberwachungssystem 26 und dem Assistenzsystem 4 jeweils eine Funkübertragungsstrecke 12 eingerichtet. Vorzugsweise beruht diese Funkübertragung 12 auf einem WLAN-Standard oder einem Mobilfunkstandard.For this purpose, a radio transmission link 12 is set up between the industrial robot 22 and the assistance system 4 and between the insulation monitoring system 26 and the assistance system 4 . This radio transmission 12 is preferably based on a WLAN standard or a mobile radio standard.

Mittels der Funkübertragungsstrecke 12 zwischen dem Industrieroboter 22 und dem Assistenzsystem 4 werden die in dem Regelbetrieb der Anlage 20 durchfahrenen Betriebszustände des Industrieroboters 22 mit den zugehörigen Anlagen-Messdaten 23 von einem mit einem Funkmodul ausgestatteten Sensor des Industrieroboters 22 an das Assistenzsystem 4 zur Störgrößenermittlung übertragen.By means of the radio transmission link 12 between the industrial robot 22 and the assistance system 4, the operating states of the industrial robot 22 that have been passed through in the regular operation of the system 20, together with the associated system measurement data 23, are transmitted from a sensor of the industrial robot 22, which is equipped with a radio module, to the assistance system 4 to determine disturbance variables.

Zusätzlich kann über ein Mikrofon als Sensoreinrichtung 6 des Assistenzsystems 4 eine akustische Aufnahme von Anlagen-Messdaten 23 in dem jeweiligen Betriebszustand erfolgen.In addition, a microphone as a sensor device 6 of the assistance system 4 can be used to record system measurement data 23 acoustically in the respective operating state.

Mittels der Funkübertragungsstrecke 12 zwischen dem Isolationsüberwachungssystem 26 und dem Assistenzsystem 4 werden Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten 27 an das Assistenzsystem 4 zur Bewertung des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems 26 übermittelt.By means of the radio transmission link 12 between the insulation monitoring system 26 and the assistance system 4 , insulation monitoring system measurement data 27 are transmitted to the assistance system 4 for evaluating the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system 26 .

Diese Funkübertragungsstrecke 12 kann auch dazu genutzt werden, um in einem bestimmten Betriebszustand verschiedene, bereits in dem Isolationsüberwachungssystem 26 vorhandene Messprofile Computerprogrammgestützt vor-auszuwählen, zu testen und das Verhalten des Isolationsüberwachungssystems 26 mit dem jeweils vor-ausgewählten Messprofil zu bewerten. Diese Vorgehensweise ist geeignet, um das für diesen Anlagen-Betriebszustand bestmögliche, bereits vorhandene Messprofil zu selektieren.This radio transmission path 12 can also be used to pre-select and test various measurement profiles already present in the insulation monitoring system 26 in a specific operating state with the aid of a computer program, and to evaluate the behavior of the insulation monitoring system 26 with the respective pre-selected measurement profile. This procedure is suitable for selecting the best possible existing measurement profile for this system operating state.

Fig. 7 zeigt das Ermitteln von Störgrößen aus den erfassten Anlagen-Messdaten 23 mittels digitaler Signalverarbeitungsalgorithmen, welche als Anwendungsprogramm 7 auf dem Assistenzsystem 4 implementiert sind. 7 shows the determination of disturbances from the recorded system measurement data 23 by means of digital signal processing algorithms, which are implemented as an application program 7 on the assistance system 4.

Dabei wird ein Mikrofon als Sensoreinrichtung 6 des Assistenzsystems 4 genutzt, um die, überwiegend durch niederfrequente Lastschwankungen erzeugten, für die Messfunktion des Isolationsüberwachungssystems 26 relevanten Störkomponenten, beispielsweise mittels einer Fast-FourierTransformation (FFT als Anwendungsprogramm 7) zu ermitteln.A microphone is used as a sensor device 6 of the assistance system 4 in order to determine the interference components that are mainly generated by low-frequency load fluctuations and are relevant for the measuring function of the insulation monitoring system 26, for example by means of a Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT as application program 7).

Über die Funkübertragungsstrecke 12 können alternativ oder zusätzlich die Anlagen-Messdaten 23 an das Assistenzsystem 4 übermittelt werden.Alternatively or additionally, the system measurement data 23 can be transmitted to the assistance system 4 via the radio transmission link 12 .

In Fig. 8 ist das Ermitteln von Störgrößen mittels eines zweiten mobilen Endgerätes 5 mit einem Beschleunigungssensor als Sensoreinrichtung 6 an dem Industrieroboter 22 dargestellt.In 8 the determination of disturbances by means of a second mobile terminal device 5 with an acceleration sensor as a sensor device 6 on the industrial robot 22 is shown.

Um einen bestimmten Betriebszustand mit einem spezifischen Bewegungsablauf des Industrieroboters 22 aufzunehmen, ist ein weiteres Assistenzsystem 5 in Ausführung eines zweiten mobilen Endgerätes 5 an dem Industrieroboter 22 angeordnet. Das zweite mobile Endgerät 5 (Smartphone) ist mit einem Beschleunigungssensor als Sensoreinrichtung 6 ausgestattet.A further assistance system 5 in the form of a second mobile terminal device 5 is arranged on the industrial robot 22 in order to record a specific operating state with a specific movement sequence of the industrial robot 22 . The second mobile terminal 5 (smartphone) is equipped with an acceleration sensor as a sensor device 6 .

In anderen Anwendungsfällen könnten auch ein Magnetfeldsensor in der Nähe eines Stromversorgungskabels genutzt werden, um kritische Störkomponenten zu ermitteln. In der Anwendungsumgebung von Hochöfen erscheint auch der Gebrauch eines Infrarotsensors der Smartphone-Kamera sinnvoll, um kritische Lastschwankungen zu identifizieren.In other applications, a magnetic field sensor near a power supply cable could also be used to identify critical noise components. In the application environment of blast furnaces, the use of an infrared sensor on the smartphone camera also makes sense to identify critical load fluctuations.

Über die von dem zweiten mobilen Endgerät 5 ausgehende Funkübertragungsstrecke 12 werden Beschleunigungsdaten als Anlagen-Messdaten 23 des Industrieroboters 22 an das Assistenzsystem 4 übertragen und dort mittels des Anwendungsprogramms 7, beispielsweise einer FFT, ausgewertet.Acceleration data as system measurement data 23 of the industrial robot 22 is transmitted via the radio transmission path 12 emanating from the second mobile terminal 5 to the assistance system 4 and evaluated there by means of the application program 7, for example an FFT.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur automatischen Erstellung von anlagenspezifischen Messprofilen für ein Isolationsüberwachungssytem (26) einer elektrischen Anlage (20), umfassend die Verfahrensschritte: Computerprogramm-gesteuertes Assistieren mittels eines Assistenzsystems (4) durch geführte Handlungsanweisungen (9) zum Erfassen von technischen und nicht technischen Anlagendaten (10) und teilautomatisiertes und/oder automatisiertes Ausführen der Handlungsanweisungen (9) zum Erfassen der Anlagendaten (10) mittels einer oder mehrerer Sensoreinrichtung(en) (6), Computerprogramm-gestütztes Vor-Auswählen eines vorhandenen Messprofils aufgrund der erfassten Anlagendaten (10), Computerprogramm-gesteuertes Assistieren mittels des Assistenzsystems (4) durch geführte Handlungsanweisungen zum Betreiben der elektrischen Anlage (20) in einem Regelbetrieb mit wechselnden Betriebszuständen unter Anwendung des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils mit Erfassen von Anlagen-Messdaten (23) und mit synchronem Aufzeichnen des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems (26) mittels Speicherung von Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten (27) während des Regelbetriebs, Bewerten des Messverhaltens des Isolationsüberwachungssystems (26), Ermitteln von Störgrößen aus den Anlagen-Messdaten (23), falls sich das Messverhalten als störanfällig erweist, und Simulieren des Regelbetriebs mit dem vor-ausgewählten Messprofil unter Anwendung der mit den Störgrößen behafteten Anlagen-Messdaten (23) und anschließendem Optimieren des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils durch Anpassen von Messprofil-Parametern im Hinblick auf eine störresistente Isolationsüberwachung. Method for automatically creating system-specific measurement profiles for an insulation monitoring system (26) of an electrical system (20), comprising the method steps: Computer program-controlled assistance using an assistance system (4) through guided instructions (9) for recording technical and non-technical system data (10) and semi-automated and/or automated execution of the instructions (9) for recording the system data (10) using one or more Sensor device(s) (6), computer-program-supported pre-selection of an existing measurement profile based on the recorded system data (10), computer-program-controlled assistance by means of the assistance system (4) through guided instructions for operating the electrical system (20) in regular operation changing operating states using the preselected measurement profile with acquisition of system measurement data (23) and with synchronous recording of the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system (26) by storing insulation monitoring system measurement data (27) during regular operation, evaluating the measurement behavior of the insulation monitoring system (26) , Determination of interference variables from the system measurement data (23) if the measurement behavior proves to be susceptible to interference, and Simulating the regular operation with the pre-selected measurement profile using the system measurement data (23) affected by the disturbance variables and subsequent Optimizing the pre-selected measurement profile by adjusting measurement profile parameters with regard to interference-resistant insulation monitoring. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Assistenzsystem (4) ein Endgerät des Anlagenbetreibers in Form eines Smartphones, eines Tablet-PCs, eines Notebooks, einer Virtual Reality Brille oder Augmented Reality Brille ist und das Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Assistieren mittels eines auf dem Endgerät ausführbaren Anwendungsprogramms (7) erfolgt.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the assistance system (4) is a terminal device of the system operator in the form of a smartphone, a tablet PC, a notebook, virtual reality glasses or augmented reality glasses and the computer program-controlled assistance takes place by means of an application program (7) that can be executed on the terminal device. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Computerprogramm-gesteuerte Assistieren durch Virtual Reality Verfahren und/oder Augmented Reality Verfahren (8) unterstützt wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the computer program-controlled assistance is supported by virtual reality methods and/or augmented reality methods (8). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Erfassen der Anlagendaten sowie der Anlagen-Messdaten (23) mittels in dem Assistenzsystem verbauter Sensoreinrichtungen (6) erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the system data and the system measurement data (23) are recorded by means of sensor devices (6) installed in the assistance system. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass bei dem Optimieren des vor-ausgewählten Messprofils durch Anpassen von Messprofil-Parametern Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz angewendet werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that when optimizing the preselected measurement profile by adjusting measurement profile parameters, methods of artificial intelligence are applied. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Übertragung der Anlagen-Messdaten (23) und der Isolationsüberwachungssystem-Messdaten (27) mittels einer Funkübertragungsstrecke (12) erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the system measurement data (23) and the insulation monitoring system measurement data (27) are transmitted by means of a radio transmission link (12).
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