EP4119414A1 - Delivery of adhesion-promoting means to improve brake displacement in rail vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (1) for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent for use on a rail vehicle (S) and a corresponding method. Irrespective of the status variables of the rail vehicle (S) or the rail (G), an inshot of adhesion-increasing agent is issued to improve the frictional connection between wheel (R1) and rail (G), which injects a defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent. In this way, a defined and unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent can be dispensed at the very beginning of braking, which minimizes a braking distance.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent from a rail vehicle onto a rail, in which the dispensing of a defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent takes place in response to a specific signal, such as a lack of adhesion signal, a driver's request and/or or a specific operating condition (e.g. initiation of emergency braking), as well as an associated procedure.

Rail vehicles that run on steel rails have the advantage that there is a comparatively low rolling resistance between the steering wheels and the rails, which is advantageous in terms of energy. However, said low resistance of the wheel-rail contact significantly limits the ability to accelerate or decelerate a rail vehicle using the wheels, i.e. to brake. If the rail is dry, the possible power transmission is already limited. However, the potential for power transmission is significantly lower if a rail is dirty, wet or icy. If braking, possibly even emergency braking, is carried out under such conditions, the problem arises that the wheels can slide or also lock and a deceleration request (and thus braking) can therefore not be optimally implemented. Wear or damage to the wheels is also possible. In the case of poor adhesion conditions, there is reduced braking force transmission from the braked wheel to the rail in the wheel/rail contact and thus to undesirable longer braking distances.

In order to avoid such events, which are also safety-critical, various measures are taken on the infrastructure and on the vehicle side. In the vehicle, functions can be used to improve braking in such conditions.

In the prior art, for example, anti-skid / skid protection systems are available, which can regulate the wheel speeds of the individual wheels or wheel sets so that an available adhesion (factor of the transmittable tangential force in the vehicle longitudinal direction to the orthogonally acting wheel load) for the vehicle drive, but also for braking is used in the best possible way.

Separately from this or in addition to this, in many rail vehicles there are also means for influencing (increasing or harmonizing) the adhesion such as, for example, application systems for adhesion-increasing and thus adhesion-promoting agents; this can be sand scattering systems or scattering devices for other adhesion-increasing agents such as aluminum oxide. Such adhesion-promoting agents, which can be in powder form, for example, are released in the vicinity of specific wheels of the rail vehicle with the effect that the frictional connection between wheel and rail can be improved.

In the prior art, for example, the document DE 601 24 993 D2 known, which discloses a sanding device for rail vehicles. Here, compressed air is used to spray sand between the wheel and rail in order to improve the frictional connection between the wheel and rail and to prevent excessive slip. The spray pressure of the compressed air can be varied depending on the relative wind, for example.

Furthermore, from the document DE 10 2018 209 920 B3 It is known that when there is moisture on rails, there is a reduced adhesion value between rails and wheels. A method for predicting the adhesion value in a contact point between a rail and a rolling wheel is also disclosed here; To this end, several environmental parameters such as air pressure, air temperature and humidity are taken into account.

Also in the state of the art is the document DE 41 37 546 C2 known, in which a method for determining the driving speed of a rail vehicle is disclosed. To calculate the running speed, a coefficient of static friction between the wheel and a rail is measured, and a braking force of the rail vehicle can be adjusted by a microcomputer to avoid wheel locking.

Also in the state of the art is the document WO2000/071399 A1 known. This describes a method of increasing wheel/rail adhesion for a rail vehicle. If the traction between wheel and rail is insufficient on a rail vehicle, the wheels can slip when braking. When such excessive slip is detected, a control system can reduce brake pressure to allow a controlled amount of slip, optimizing braking effort for available traction. By determining the pressure supplied to the brake cylinder, a signal can be obtained which indicates the level of adhesion. Alternatively, adhesion can be monitored by noting a discrepancy between the driver's requested braking deceleration and the observed deceleration. The adhesion signal can trigger a warning. It can also be used to set the rate at which sand is delivered to the wheel/rail interface. The rate at which sand is fed can also be adjusted depending on other parameters such as train speed.

In the state of the art, therefore, mainly sand scattering devices are known in which the sand scattering is regulated as a function of several parameters. So there is usually a control loop.

Application systems therefore control a material flow primarily in a time-dependent manner. The material flow of adhesion-promoting agents is limited, in particular on the basis of standards / regulations, which can vary from country to country. By limiting the material flow of adhesion-promoting agents, the interruption of track circuits should be avoided and the operational readiness of switch systems should be increased. The material flow can also be regulated depending on the speed, which, however, can lead to a high consumption of adhesion-increasing agents.

With every braking, the braking distance depends on the braking output speed: the higher the braking output speed, the longer the braking distance - the more important it is when braking to transfer the developed braking forces to the rail as quickly as possible, because at high speeds and also during the build-up times of the braking forces or measures to improve adhesion, large (braking) distances are covered. If the transmission of forces is negatively affected by bad rail conditions (e.g. leaves, ice), measures to improve the adhesion to limit this longer braking distance, even at low speeds, must be initiated as quickly as possible.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device for dispensing adhesion-increasing agents for a rail vehicle, in which the braking distance can be minimized by establishing the required frictional connection as quickly as possible, in which the life cycle costs (LCC) of a rail vehicle are also minimized, nevertheless, there is a sufficient level of performance and security.

This object is achieved by a device for dispensing adhesion-promoting agents according to claim 1 and a method for dispensing adhesion-promoting agents according to claim 6.

Further advantageous refinements of the present invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

A device according to the invention for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent for use on a rail vehicle is associated with at least one wheel/wheel set of a rail vehicle and is adapted to dispense a defined, unregulated quantity of adhesion-increasing agent when a signal is received.

A defined amount of adhesion-increasing agent initially activates the maximum possible or permissible material flow (for example, the permissible material flow can depend on the vehicle speed) of adhesion-increasing agent (the maximum material flow can be limited, for example, by regulations or the technical possibilities of the system) - this is a so-called inshot. In this way, the wheels regain sufficiently good or the best possible adhesion conditions as quickly as possible.

This leads to a minimization of longer braking distances (e.g. due to leaves, ice), a reduction in wheel wear by avoiding prolonged sliding/sliding at too high relative speeds and a reduction in the consumption of the adhesion material used due to the shortening of the braking distance.

Such an inshot is independent of other active deceleration or adhesion monitoring functions during braking - it is therefore not necessary to regulate the inshot quantity.

A predefined amount of adhesion-increasing agent is preferably released in a pulsed manner (ie, for example, in a rectangular pulse over 2 seconds).

More preferably, a predefined amount of adhesion-increasing agent is independent of current state variables of the rail vehicle or rail, such as rail vehicle speed, rail temperature, ice film, etc. This also contributes to the fact that the introduction of adhesion-increasing agents is independent of a control device - here one would first have to Dispense are calculated, and it would take too long until a sufficiently large output would be applied to the rail. Due to the possibility of an inshot of adhesion-increasing agent, the reaction and computing time of a control device is not significant, and adhesion-increasing agent can be quickly dispensed onto the rail.

Preferably, the signal that leads to the inshot of adhesion-increasing agent can be triggered by a driver request, a lack of adhesion between at least one wheel and the rail and/or by an operating mode (such as emergency braking).

However, the inshot of adhesion-increasing agent is not limited to braking processes, it can also take place in the traction operating mode.

In general, this function can be coupled with the operating status of emergency braking, i.e. it can be activated automatically in the event of emergency braking, which is advantageous for safety.

• eine Steuervorrichtung, welche das Signal empfängt;
• einen Druckspeicher, welcher mit einer Druckluftquelle über ein erstes Absperrventil oder eine Rückhaltevorrichtung (beispielsweise eine Düse, eine Blende oder ein Rückhalteventil, welche Luft nur begrenzt bzw. unter bestimmten Bedingungen durchlassen) verbindbar ist;
• einen Behälter für adhäsionserhöhendes Mittel, welcher mit dem Druckspeicher über ein zweites Absperrventil verbunden ist; und
• eine Ausgabedüse, welche mit dem Behälter für adhäsionserhöhendes Mittel verbunden ist.

Preferably, a device for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent further comprises:

• a controller that receives the signal;
• an accumulator connectable to a source of pressurized air via a first shut-off valve or restraint device (e.g., a nozzle, orifice or restraint valve that allows air to pass only under certain conditions);
• an adhesion-promoting agent reservoir connected to the accumulator via a second check valve; and
• a dispensing nozzle connected to the adhesion promoter container.

The control device is set up to open the second shut-off valve quickly and completely upon receipt of a signal so that compressed gas is routed from the pressure accumulator into the container, where it picks up adhesion-increasing agent and can convey it through the dispensing nozzle.

Thus, a predefined gas volume is used, which almost always promotes the same amount of adhesion-promoting agent. This volume of the pressure reservoir can easily be structurally adapted, for example, to standards or regulations for a maximum output of adhesion-increasing agent per unit of time. The fact that the second shut-off valve can open quickly and completely and the pressure in the pressure accumulator can be discharged ensures that adhesion-increasing agent can be quickly applied to the rail - without having to wait for a controllable valve connected to a control device to build up pressure .

After an inshot, the second shut-off valve can be closed again, the first shut-off valve can then be opened briefly so that the pressure in the pressure accumulator can build up again.

Alternatively, the second shut-off valve could also be operated in a regulated and unregulated manner--in regulated operation, the degree of opening can vary; in unregulated operation the valve could only assume the "closed" and "open" states.

• eine Steuervorrichtung, welche das Signal empfängt;
• einen Behälter für adhäsionserhöhendes Mittel;
• eine mechanische Ausbringungseinrichtung wie beispielsweise ein Zellrad, welche mit dem Behälter für adhäsionserhöhendes Mittel verbunden ist: und
• eine Ausgabedüse, welche mit der mechanischen Ausbringungseinrichtung verbunden ist.

Alternatively, a device for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent preferably comprises:

• a controller that receives the signal;
• an adhesion promoter container;
• a mechanical dispensing device such as a cellular wheel, which is connected to the container for adhesion-promoting agent: and
• a dispensing nozzle connected to the mechanical dispensing device.

The control device is set up to increase the speed of the mechanical application device to a maximum possible speed upon receipt of a signal, as a result of which adhesion-increasing agent can be conveyed through the dispensing nozzle.

The control device can also preferably specify a certain period of time within which the mechanical application device is operated at the maximum possible speed - thus a defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent can also be output, which is almost identical for each inshot.

1. a) Prüfen, ob von einer Steuervorrichtung ein Signal empfangen wird;
2. b) falls in Schritt a) ein Signal empfangen wird: Ausgabe einer definierten, ungeregelten Menge an adhäsionserhöhendem Mittel auf die Schiene durch eine Vorrichtung zur Ausgabe von adhäsionserhöhendem Mittel.

A method according to the invention for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent comprises the following steps:

1. a) checking whether a signal is received from a control device;
2. b) if a signal is received in step a): dispensing a defined, unregulated quantity of adhesion-promoting agent onto the rail by means of a device for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent.

This leads to a minimization of longer braking distances (which can be caused, for example, by leaves or ice), and a reduction in wheel wear due to long-term gliding/gliding at excessive relative speeds and a reduction in the consumption of the adhesion material used due to the shortened braking distance.

Such an inshot is independent of other monitoring functions that are active during braking to decelerate adhesion - it is therefore not necessary to regulate the inshot quantity.

• c) Abwarten, bevor ein vorbestimmtes Kriterium (z.B. der Ablauf einer Zeit) erfüllt ist;
• d) nach Erreichen des Kriteriums: weitere Ausgabe von adhäsionserhöhendem Mittel auf die Schiene, wobei die Ausgabemenge an adhäsionserhöhendem Mittel pro Zeiteinheit / pro zurückgelegter Wegstrecke von einer Regelungsvorrichtung geregelt wird / werden.

More preferably, a method according to the invention for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent also comprises the following steps:

• c) waiting before a predetermined criterion (eg the lapse of a time) is met;
• d) after the criterion has been reached: further delivery of adhesion-increasing agent onto the rail, with the delivery quantity of adhesion-increasing agent per unit of time/per distance covered being/are controlled by a control device.

Speed-dependent regulation is also possible, the amount of adhesion-increasing agent is the controlled variable, which is then a function of the speed.

Here, in step d), after the inshot, adhesion-increasing agent is still dispensed, but then in a controlled manner. In steps a) to c), the adhesion-increasing agent is always dispensed with a defined, unregulated amount, without taking into account the current vehicle condition parameters (speed, braking effect achieved, slip, etc.). From step d), however, a control system then takes over the control of the quantity of adhesion-increasing agent dispensed - for example the quantity of adhesion-increasing agent dispensed per period of time and/or the total quantity of adhesion-increasing agent dispensed, which is required for a specific braking process (variables such as vehicle speed, slip, etc. a role). This has the advantage that the maximum possible or permissible material flow is initially activated by the inshot, so that the best possible adhesion conditions are restored between wheel and rail as quickly as possible and the braking distance can be shortened. At a later point in time, however, the additional amount of adhesion-increasing agent to be dispensed is controlled by a control device Finely regulated - this allows savings in adhesion-increasing agent, because a control device recognizes when no or less adhesion-increasing agent needs to be dispensed and then stops or reduces the dispensing accordingly (and possibly also increases it again).

In step c), the predetermined criterion is preferably the achievement of a predetermined period of time, a predetermined vehicle speed, a predetermined vehicle deceleration, a predetermined adhesion level on at least one wheel/wheel set of the rail vehicle and/or a driver request. Various criteria can thus be specified, upon which the control device for controlling the quantity of adhesion-increasing agent released is activated and takes over control of the quantity of adhesion-enhancing agent released until the end of the braking process or until acceptable adhesion conditions between wheel and rail are reached.

In step d), the quantity of adhesion-increasing agent dispensed per distance and/or the quantity of adhesion-increasing agent dispensed per unit of time is/are preferably regulated using one of the following variables: acceleration of the rail vehicle in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, time profile of the ratio of a wheel speed or a wheel speed of a wheel and the speed of the rail vehicle, time profile of the ratio of a wheel acceleration of a wheel and the acceleration/deceleration in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle, ratio between the target torque acting on a wheel and the actual torque.

Preferably, a device for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent according to the first embodiment described above is used,
wherein in step b) the control device opens the second shut-off valve so that compressed gas from the accumulator is fed into the container, where it picks up adhesion-increasing agent and can deliver it through the dispensing nozzle - preferably for a period of time or until there is no longer any excess pressure.

Alternatively, a device for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent according to the second embodiment described above is used,
wherein in step b) the control device increases the speed of the cellular wheel to a maximum possible speed and this is maintained for a predetermined period of time, whereby a defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent can be conveyed through the dispensing nozzle.

• Fig. 1 zeigt ein Diagramm für ein System gemäß dem Stand der Technik, bei welchem die Sandmenge (hier wird Sand als adhäsionserhöhendes Mittel verwendet) und die Verzögerung geschwindigkeitsabhängig dargestellt sind.
• Fig. 2 zeigt ein Diagramm für ein System der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei welchem die Sandmenge und die Verzögerung geschwindigkeitsabhängig dargestellt sind.
• Fig. 3 zeigt die erzielte Verbesserung eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems verglichen mit einem System gemäß dem Stand der Technik.
• Fig. 4a zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Ausgabe von adhäsionserhöhendem Mittel an einem Schienenfahrzeug.
• Fig. 4b zeigt eine Abwandlung der ersten Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Ausgabe von adhäsionserhöhendem Mittel an einem Schienenfahrzeug.
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Ausgabe von adhäsionserhöhenden Mitteln an einem Schienenfahrzeug.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying figures.

• 1 shows a diagram for a system according to the prior art, in which the amount of sand (here sand is used as an adhesion-increasing agent) and the deceleration are shown as a function of speed.
• 2 Fig. 12 shows a diagram for a system of the present invention in which the amount of sand and the deceleration are shown as a function of speed.
• 3 shows the improvement achieved by a system according to the invention compared to a system according to the prior art.
• Figure 4a shows a first embodiment of a device for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent on a rail vehicle.
• Figure 4b shows a modification of the first embodiment of a device for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent on a rail vehicle.
• figure 5 shows a second embodiment of a device for dispensing adhesion-increasing agents on a rail vehicle.

In 1 the behavior of a system according to the prior art is shown, here the amount of sand m applied and the deceleration a are shown plotted against the speed.

At a starting speed v _Start , a signal for sand quantity control is given, the sand quantity m applied increases slowly ("lags" behind the target quantity) and then decreases again (similar to the target quantity). The actual deceleration a _lst increases in a manner similar to the amount of sand that is spread and then likewise asymptotically reaches the value of the setpoint deceleration a _setpoint . Here there is a reduced delay until the complete sanding effect is built up, ie a sufficiently large actual delay a _lst can only be achieved when a sufficient quantity of sand has been spread (the target quantity of sand has been reached). However, since the system needs a while before the necessary target amount of sand is discharged (sand build-up), it also takes a while for the target delay a _target to be reached. If there is a difference between the target deceleration a _target and the actual deceleration a _lst , the amount of sand can also be readjusted accordingly, as shown in the left-hand area of the diagram.

In 2 a system according to the present invention is shown. Here, at an initial speed v _start , a so-called inshot of adhesion-increasing agent is carried out, in the present case as a square-wave signal. As a result, an initial high amount of sand m is discharged, whereby longer braking distances should be avoided. At the beginning of the braking process, there is a sufficient amount of adhesion-increasing agent available between the wheel and rail so that the desired deceleration can be achieved quickly.

The actual deceleration a _lst rises abruptly and very quickly reaches an asymptotic value of the setpoint deceleration a _setpoint . The amount of sand m applied also increases abruptly, then slowly decreases again and is later reduced to a target value (which is regulated) in order to save sand.

In an advantageous embodiment, the amount of sand m that is applied decreases as soon as the actual deceleration a _lst is reached; finally, an amount of sand that is required by the situation is reached and applied, which is regulated by a control device. In the right area of the diagram, the amount of sand applied is output as an inshot and is uncontrolled - rather, a defined and uncontrolled amount of sand is output. The amount of sand dispensed is regulated in the left-hand area of the diagram and eventually approaches the amount of sand required for the situation (which depends on several parameters and is regulated on the basis of them). The areas of uncontrolled and controlled operation change according to the step response.

If there is a difference between the setpoint deceleration a _setpoint and the actual deceleration a _lst , the amount of sand can also be readjusted accordingly, as shown on the left-hand side of the diagram.

In 3 the difference between actual deceleration with inshot and without inshot is shown. It can be seen that the target deceleration a _target is reached quickly with Inshot, while this takes a while with a system according to the prior art, which is why the braking distance is also longer here.

It is therefore evident that, especially in the area directly after the start of braking, a system that is adapted to output inshots has clear advantages - it is precisely this area that is important for reducing braking distances.

A reduction in the amount of sand after the inshot can be reduced in different ways, for example continuously or in stages up to a desired amount of sand or continuously or in stages up to the beginning of a control in which the amount of sand can be controlled based on one or more measured further parameters .

In Figure 4a a first embodiment of a device 1 for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent for a rail vehicle is shown.

On the rail vehicle itself there is a wheel R1, in front of which wheel R1 is fitted a dispensing nozzle 5 which is adapted to dispense adhesion-increasing agent. This dispensing nozzle 5 is in turn connected to a container 3 for adhesion-promoting agent through a pipeline. There is also a control device 2 which can receive a signal SG. The signal SG can either be a driver's request (i.e. a driver can press a button/switch so that this signal is output), but this signal SG can also be a lack of adhesion signal (measured, for example, by a sensor) or it can be automatic when an operating signal is received , such as output at the start of emergency braking. The container 3 is connected to a compressed air source D with two parallel lines L1, L2 connected. A control valve 6 is integrated into the second line L2 and is connected to a control device 9 , which in turn is connected to the control device 2 . Depending on the control signal from the control device 2, the control device 9 is activated, which controls the opening of the control valve 6 to a certain extent, so compressed air can flow from the compressed air source D into the container 3, where it can pick up adhesion-increasing agent and convey it through the dispensing nozzle 5. Depending on the degree of opening of the control valve 6, the quantity of adhesion-increasing agent conveyed through the dispensing nozzle 5 can be regulated.

A first line L1, which also connects the container 3 to the compressed air source D, is also provided parallel to the second line L2. Here, however, a pressure accumulator 4 is also provided between the container 3 and the compressed air source D, which is correspondingly delimited by a first and second shut-off valve 7a and 7b. If the shut-off valve 7b is closed and the shut-off valve 7a is opened, compressed air can flow from the compressed air source D into the pressure accumulator 4, which can be filled in this way. Then the first check valve 7a can be closed.

If a signal SG is present from a control device 2, it can control the shut-off valve 7b accordingly, this can open abruptly and the compressed air contained in the pressure accumulator 4 can flow abruptly into the container 3, absorb adhesion-promoting agent there and convey it in pulses through the dispensing nozzle 5. The control device 9 is not required for this. Thus, an inshot of a predefined amount of adhesion-increasing agent can be conveyed through the dispensing nozzle 5 very quickly - if this were to take place via the second line L2 with the control valve 6, it would first take a while before there was sufficient pressure to produce a high Record amount of adhesion-increasing agent in the container 3 and promote through the dispensing nozzle 5. Due to the fact that a pressure is built up in the pressure accumulator 4 which is adjusted to take up a maximum quantity of adhesion-increasing agent, a pulse or inshot of adhesion-increasing agent can be output very quickly with this control.

If the braking is already further advanced, the further delivery of adhesion-increasing agent can take place through the second line L2 and the control valve 6 - in this way the delivery of adhesion-increasing agent can be regulated and thus in be reduced in an advantageous embodiment if the first effects of the inshot are already present.

Alternatively, it is possible to replace the first shut-off valve 7a with a restraining device 7a' such as an orifice with a very high flow resistance. If the pressure in the accumulator 4 was abruptly relieved, practically no air would flow through this nozzle or orifice - but later the accumulator 4 would gradually fill up again.

A solution with several lines L1, L2, L3, .... Ln would also be possible; here, for example, several pressure accumulators 4, 4′, 4″, 4 ^″ (not shown here), for example with different volumes, could be provided.

In Figure 4b a modification of the first embodiment is shown. There is only one line L1 here. Here, the second shut-off valve 7b can also be additionally controlled by the control device 9. In unregulated operation, the control device 2 specifies either an extensive or defined or complete opening or a complete closing of the second shut-off valve 7b—the regulating device 9 is not used. This mode of operation is intended for the inshot of adhesion-promoting agent.

In controlled operation, the control device 9 is active, and the second shut-off valve 7b can also assume states which lie between the full opening and the full closing of the second shut-off valve 7b. This mode of operation can be used for the controlled application of adhesion-promoting agents. In controlled operation, the first shut-off valve 7a must be open so that air from the compressed air source D can be supplied.

figure 5 FIG. 1 shows a second embodiment of a device 1 for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent.

A dispensing nozzle 5 is also provided here, with which an adhesion-increasing agent can be dispensed in front of a wheel R1. Here, however, the dispensing nozzle 5 is connected to a cellular wheel 8, which in turn is connected via a line L3 to the container 3 in which adhesion-increasing agent can be stored. If a signal SG is output to the control device 2 that an inshot of adhesion-increasing agent is to take place, the control device 2 controls this Cell wheel 8 automatically at maximum speed, which then very quickly promotes a large amount, i.e. a pulse, of adhesion-increasing agent through the dispensing nozzle 5. In this case, the control device 2 controls the speed of the cell wheel 8 alone.

If, for example, the output of adhesion-increasing agent is to be controlled based on external parameters (for example, if the braking has progressed further), the control device 2 can activate the control device 9, which can adjust the speed of the cellular wheel 8 variably, depending on the control requirement.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments - other systems are conceivable with which a pulse of adhesion-increasing agent can also be emitted through a dispensing nozzle 5, for example through two lines which can issue compressed air at different pressures.

The present invention relates to a device for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent for use on a rail vehicle S and a corresponding method. Irrespective of the state variables of the rail vehicle S or the rail G, an inshot of adhesion-increasing agent is issued to improve the frictional connection between wheel R1 and rail G, which injects a defined and unregulated quantity of adhesion-increasing agent. In this way, a defined and unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent can be dispensed at the very beginning of braking, which minimizes a braking distance.

Claims (11)

Device (1) for dispensing adhesion-increasing agents for use on a rail vehicle (S), which is assigned to at least one wheel (R1) of a rail vehicle (S),
wherein the device (1) is adapted to dispense a defined, unregulated quantity of adhesion-promoting agent upon receipt of a signal (SG). Device (1) for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent according to claim 1, wherein a defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent is released in a pulsed manner, and/or the defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent is independent of current status data of the rail vehicle (S) and/or of the rail (G). Device (1) for dispensing adhesion-increasing agents according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the signal (SG) can be triggered by a driver request, a lack of adhesion between at least one wheel (R1) and the rail and/or by an operating mode such as emergency braking. Apparatus (1) for dispensing adhesion enhancing agent according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a control device (2) receiving the signal (SG); a pressure accumulator (4) which can be connected to a compressed air source (D) via a first shut-off valve (7a) or a retaining device (7a'); an adhesion-increasing agent tank (3) connected to the accumulator (4) via a second check valve (7b); and a dispensing nozzle (5) connected to the adhesion-promoting agent container (3); wherein the control device (2) is set up to open the second shut-off valve (7b) upon receipt of a signal (SG), so that compressed gas is conducted from the pressure accumulator (4) into the container (3), where it takes up adhesion-increasing agent and this is conveyed through the dispensing nozzle (5). The adhesion-promoting agent dispensing device (1) of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a control device (2) receiving the signal (SG); a container (3) for adhesion-promoting agent; mechanical dispensing means (8) connected to said adhesion promoter container (3); and a dispensing nozzle (5) connected to the mechanical dispensing device (8); wherein the control device (2) is set up to increase the speed of the mechanical application device (8) to a defined or maximum possible speed upon receipt of a signal (SG), whereby adhesion-increasing agent can be conveyed through the dispensing nozzle (5). Method for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent between at least one wheel (R1) of a rail vehicle (S) and a rail (G) traveled by it, comprising the following steps: a) checking whether a control device (2) receives a signal (SG); b) if the signal (SG) is received in step a): dispensing a defined, unregulated amount of adhesion-increasing agent onto the rail (G) by a device (1) for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent. A method for dispensing adhesion enhancing agent according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of: c) waiting until a predetermined criterion is met; d) after the criterion has been reached: further dispensing of adhesion-increasing agent onto the rail (G), with the dispensing quantity of adhesion-increasing agent per section and/or the dispensing quantity of adhesion-increasing agent per unit of time being controlled by a control device (9), optionally depending on the speed . A method for dispensing adhesion promoting agent according to claim 7, wherein in step c) the predetermined criterion is the attainment of a predetermined period of time, a predetermined vehicle speed, a predetermined Vehicle deceleration, a predetermined adhesion level on at least one wheel (R1) of the rail vehicle and / or a driver's request. Method for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in step d) the dispensing amount of adhesion-increasing agent per route and/or the dispensing amount of adhesion-increasing agent per unit of time is/are controlled using one of the following variables: acceleration of the rail vehicle in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, Time course of the ratio of a wheel speed or a wheel speed of a wheel (R1) and the speed of the rail vehicle, time course of the ratio of a wheel acceleration of a wheel (R1) and the acceleration in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle, ratio between the acting on a wheel (R1). Target torque and actual torque. A method for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent according to any one of claims 6 to 9 using a device (1) for dispensing adhesion-promoting agent according to claim 4,
wherein in step b) the control device (2) opens the second shut-off valve (7b) so that compressed gas is fed from the pressure accumulator (4) into the container (3), where it picks up adhesion-increasing agent and can convey it through the dispensing nozzle (5). , optionally for a period of time (t1) or until there is no longer any overpressure. Method for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent according to one of claims 6 to 9 using a device (1) for dispensing adhesion-increasing agent according to claim 5, wherein in step b) the control device (2) reduces the speed of the cell wheel (8) to a defined or The maximum possible speed is increased and this is maintained for a predetermined period of time (t1), as a result of which a defined, unregulated quantity of adhesion-increasing agent can be conveyed through the dispensing nozzle (5).

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